Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
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ग्लोबल ट्यूबरक्लोसिस (टीबी) रिपोर्ट 2019
की ताजा रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक टीबी बीमारी के लिए पांच कारण पाए गए हैं 
जिसमें से सबसे बड़ा कारण अल्प पोषण का है, यानी कम भोजन मिलना। वर्ष 2018 
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ग्लोबल ट्यूबरक्लोसिस (टीबी) रिपोर्ट 2019
की ताजा रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक टीबी बीमारी के लिए पांच कारण पाए गए हैं 
जिसमें से सबसे बड़ा कारण अल्प पोषण का है, यानी कम भोजन मिलना। वर्ष 2018 
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ग्लोबल ट्यूबरक्लोसिस (टीबी) <a href="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1">रिपोर्ट</a> 2019
की ताजा रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक टीबी बीमारी के लिए पांच कारण पाए गए हैं 
जिसमें से सबसे बड़ा कारण अल्प पोषण का है, यानी कम भोजन मिलना। वर्ष 2018 
के दौरान भारत में करीब 7 लाख टीबी मामले अल्प पोषण के कारण पाए गए हैं।<br />
<br />
अन्य चार टीबी होने के जोखिमों में शराब पीना, धूम्रपान, मधुमेह और एचआईवी का होना शामिल है।<br />
<br />
डा. शाह आलम खान (एम्स, नई दिल्ली) के इंडियन एक्सप्रेस (26 अकटूबर,2019) में&nbsp;<a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html">छपे</a>&nbsp;एक
लेख अनुसार टीबी से छुटकारा पाने के लिए कुपोषण, गरीबी और खराब सफाई 
व्यवस्था पर सबसे पहले ध्यान देना जरूरी है। यहां यह उल्लेखनीय है कि <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hunger-overview-40.html?pgno=2#2019-global-hunger-index-the-challenge-of-hunger-and-climate-change-released-in-october-2019" title="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hunger-overview-40.html?pgno=2#2019-global-hunger-index-the-challenge-of-hunger-and-climate-change-released-in-october-2019">ग्लोबल हंगर इंडेक्स 2019</a> में 117 में देशों में भारत 102 वें स्थान पर है।<br />
<br />
ग्लोबल
टीबी रिपोर्ट 2019 के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में अनुमानित 26.9 लाख लोग टीबी 
मरीज थे। इनमें 19.9 टीबी मरीजों की संख्या दर्ज हुई बाकी 7.0 लाख बिना 
दर्ज हुए रह गए या बिना जांच के यानी जिनकी जांच ही नहीं हुई. वर्ष 2018 
में 26.9 लाख मरीजों में 56 फीसदी पुरूष, 31 फीसदी महिलाएं और 13 फीसदी 
बच्चे थे। <br />
<br />
भारत सरकार के 2012 आदेश के मुताबिक टीबी दर्ज करने 
योग्य बीमारी है। ताजा टीबी रिपोर्ट में इसका उल्लेख किया गया है। इसके 
मुताबिक टीबी मामलों की निगरानी सभी शासकीय और निजी अस्पतालों में होनी 
चाहिए। स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं प्रदान करने वाले अस्पतालों को टीबी मामलों के 
बारे में स्थानीय प्राधिकारी जैसे जिला स्वास्थ्य अधिकारी, मुख्य चिकित्सा 
अधिकारी, नगरपालिका और नगर निगम के स्वास्थ्य अधिकारियों को देनी होती है। 
और यह हर माह दर्ज होनी चाहिए। वर्ष मार्च 2018 में भारत के राजपत्र के 
मुताबिक यह निजी स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं और शासकीय स्वास्थ्य मुहैया कराने वाले
अस्पतालों के लिए अनिवार्य है।<br />
<br />
विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन द्वारा 
प्रस्तुत इस रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में देश में 4.49 लाख टीबी 
मरीजों की मौतें हुई हैं। इनमें से 9,700 मौतें एचआईवी से हुई हैं। यानी एक
टीबी के पीछे एक बड़ा कारण एचआईवी भी है।<br />
<br />
ताजा रिपोर्ट में यह भी 
देखा गया है कि करीब 1.3 लाख मरीज ड्रग रजिस्टेंट टीबी मरीज हैं। इनमें से 
58,347 मरीज की जांच में सही पाए गए। और 46,569 टीबी मरीजों का फिर से इलाज
शुरू हुआ।
</div>
<div align="justify">
<br />
वर्ष 2018 में औसतन 92,000 एचआईवी मरीजों को टीबी थी। इनमें से 49,047 दर्ज हुए और 44,080 का फिर से इलाज शुरू हुआ।<br />
<br />
हालांकि
वर्ष 2000 और 2018 के बीच में टीबी की घटना दर (लाख आबादी के हिसाब से) 
में गिरावट आई है। पर इस बीच में टीबी मामलों की दर्ज संख्या में 
उतार-चढ़ाव के साथ बढोत्तरी हुई है।<br />
<br />
इस हिसाब से इस अवधि में अनुमानित टीबी मामले और दर्ज टीबी मामलों के अंतर में कमी आई है।<br />
<br />
रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में भारत में टीबी घटना दर एक लाख पर 199 मामले हैं वहीं विश्व में यह एक लाख पर 132 मामले हैं।<br />
<br />
जहां भारत एचआईवी पाजीटिव टीबी घटना दर 6.8 फीसदी प्रति लाख के हिसाब औसतन से है वही विश्व में यह प्रति लाख की आबादी में 11 है।<br />
<br />
जहां भारत में एमडीआर टीबी की घटना दर 9.6 प्रति लाख औसतन है वहीं विश्व में यह 6.4 फीसदी प्रति लाख की आबादी के हिसाब से है।<br />
<br />
जहां भारत में वर्ष 2018 में एमडीआर या आर आर टीबी के नए मामले 2.8 फीसदी थे उसकी तुलना में विश्व में यह 3.4 फीसदी रहे। <br />
<br />
जहां
वर्ष 2018 में भारत में एमडीआर या आर आर टीबी के पूर्व में इलाज हो चुके 
मामले 14 फीसदी थे वहीं इसकी तुलना में विश्व स्तर पर ऐसे मामले 18 फीसदी 
थे।<br />
<br />
इसी प्रकार, भारत में वर्ष 2018 में 74 फीसदी टीबी मरीजों को 
इलाज की सुविधाएं प्रदान की गईं जबकि विश्व स्तर पर यह 69 फीसदी है।&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<br />
&nbsp; <br />
<br />
<em><strong>References<br />
</strong></em><br />
Global TB Report 2019: India&rsquo;s TB profile, World Health Organization, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20Profile%20Global%20TB%20Report%202019%20by%20WHO%20for%20uploading.pdf" title="India Profile Global TB Report 2019 by WHO for uploading" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20Profile%20Global%20TB%20Report%202019%20by%20WHO%20for%20uploading.pdf" title="India Profile Global TB Report 2019 by WHO for uploading">click here</a> to access 
</div>
<div align="justify">
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
Global TB Report 2019: India&rsquo;s TB profile in details, World Health Organization, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Country%20profiles%20for%2030%20High%20TB%20burden%20countries.pdf" title="Country profiles for 30 High TB burden countries" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Country%20profiles%20for%2030%20High%20TB%20burden%20countries.pdf" title="Country profiles for 30 High TB burden countries">click here</a> to access<br />
<br />
Global TB Report 2019, World Health Organization, please <a href="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1">click here</a> to access<br />
&nbsp;<br />
Global Tuberculosis report 2019, please <a href="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/" title="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/" title="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/" title="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/">click here</a> to access<br />
&nbsp;<br />
2019 India TB report, released in September 2019, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, please <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019" title="https://www.im4change.org/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019" title="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019" title="https://www.im4change.org/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019">click here</a> and <a href="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf" title="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf" title="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf" title="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf">here</a> to access<br />
<br />
2019
Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger and Climate Change, 
released in October, 2019, produced by Welthungerhilfe and Concern 
Worldwide jointly, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf">click here</a> to access<br />
&nbsp;<br />
TB notification Gazette of India dated 16 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf">click here</a> to access <br />
<br />
</div>
<div align="justify">
TB Notification Government of India Order dated 07 May, 2012, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf">click here</a> to access <br />
</div>
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
India's
TB report must be seen in light of the country's slide in Hunger Index 
-Shah Alam Khan, The Indian Express, 26 October, 2019, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp; 
</div>
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
<strong>Image Courtesy: UNDP India</strong> <br />
</div>
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ग्लोबल ट्यूबरक्लोसिस (टीबी) रिपोर्ट 2019
की ताजा रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक टीबी बीमारी के लिए पांच कारण पाए गए हैं 
जिसमें से सबसे बड़ा कारण अल्प पोषण का है, यानी कम भोजन मिलना। वर्ष 2018 
के दौरान भारत में करीब 7 लाख..." />
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value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80-42.html">&nbsp;सार्वजनिक वितरण प्रणाली  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE-%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80-113.html">&nbsp;एम डी जी  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE-14.html">&nbsp;किसान और आत्महत्या  &nbsp;&nbsp;</option><option 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</option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E2%80%8C-%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6-46.html">&nbsp;असुरक्षित परिवेश  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E2%80%8C-%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A4-49.html">&nbsp;आपदा और राहत  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9B-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82-9.html">&nbsp;कुछ अपने बारे में  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A6-8.html">&nbsp; &nbsp; 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ग्लोबल ट्यूबरक्लोसिस (टीबी) <a href="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1">रिपोर्ट</a> 2019
की ताजा रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक टीबी बीमारी के लिए पांच कारण पाए गए हैं 
जिसमें से सबसे बड़ा कारण अल्प पोषण का है, यानी कम भोजन मिलना। वर्ष 2018 
के दौरान भारत में करीब 7 लाख टीबी मामले अल्प पोषण के कारण पाए गए हैं।<br />
<br />
अन्य चार टीबी होने के जोखिमों में शराब पीना, धूम्रपान, मधुमेह और एचआईवी का होना शामिल है।<br />
<br />
डा. शाह आलम खान (एम्स, नई दिल्ली) के इंडियन एक्सप्रेस (26 अकटूबर,2019) में&nbsp;<a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html">छपे</a>&nbsp;एक
लेख अनुसार टीबी से छुटकारा पाने के लिए कुपोषण, गरीबी और खराब सफाई 
व्यवस्था पर सबसे पहले ध्यान देना जरूरी है। यहां यह उल्लेखनीय है कि <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hunger-overview-40.html?pgno=2#2019-global-hunger-index-the-challenge-of-hunger-and-climate-change-released-in-october-2019" title="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hunger-overview-40.html?pgno=2#2019-global-hunger-index-the-challenge-of-hunger-and-climate-change-released-in-october-2019">ग्लोबल हंगर इंडेक्स 2019</a> में 117 में देशों में भारत 102 वें स्थान पर है।<br />
<br />
ग्लोबल
टीबी रिपोर्ट 2019 के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में अनुमानित 26.9 लाख लोग टीबी 
मरीज थे। इनमें 19.9 टीबी मरीजों की संख्या दर्ज हुई बाकी 7.0 लाख बिना 
दर्ज हुए रह गए या बिना जांच के यानी जिनकी जांच ही नहीं हुई. वर्ष 2018 
में 26.9 लाख मरीजों में 56 फीसदी पुरूष, 31 फीसदी महिलाएं और 13 फीसदी 
बच्चे थे। <br />
<br />
भारत सरकार के 2012 आदेश के मुताबिक टीबी दर्ज करने 
योग्य बीमारी है। ताजा टीबी रिपोर्ट में इसका उल्लेख किया गया है। इसके 
मुताबिक टीबी मामलों की निगरानी सभी शासकीय और निजी अस्पतालों में होनी 
चाहिए। स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं प्रदान करने वाले अस्पतालों को टीबी मामलों के 
बारे में स्थानीय प्राधिकारी जैसे जिला स्वास्थ्य अधिकारी, मुख्य चिकित्सा 
अधिकारी, नगरपालिका और नगर निगम के स्वास्थ्य अधिकारियों को देनी होती है। 
और यह हर माह दर्ज होनी चाहिए। वर्ष मार्च 2018 में भारत के राजपत्र के 
मुताबिक यह निजी स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं और शासकीय स्वास्थ्य मुहैया कराने वाले
अस्पतालों के लिए अनिवार्य है।<br />
<br />
विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन द्वारा 
प्रस्तुत इस रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में देश में 4.49 लाख टीबी 
मरीजों की मौतें हुई हैं। इनमें से 9,700 मौतें एचआईवी से हुई हैं। यानी एक
टीबी के पीछे एक बड़ा कारण एचआईवी भी है।<br />
<br />
ताजा रिपोर्ट में यह भी 
देखा गया है कि करीब 1.3 लाख मरीज ड्रग रजिस्टेंट टीबी मरीज हैं। इनमें से 
58,347 मरीज की जांच में सही पाए गए। और 46,569 टीबी मरीजों का फिर से इलाज
शुरू हुआ।
</div>
<div align="justify">
<br />
वर्ष 2018 में औसतन 92,000 एचआईवी मरीजों को टीबी थी। इनमें से 49,047 दर्ज हुए और 44,080 का फिर से इलाज शुरू हुआ।<br />
<br />
हालांकि
वर्ष 2000 और 2018 के बीच में टीबी की घटना दर (लाख आबादी के हिसाब से) 
में गिरावट आई है। पर इस बीच में टीबी मामलों की दर्ज संख्या में 
उतार-चढ़ाव के साथ बढोत्तरी हुई है।<br />
<br />
इस हिसाब से इस अवधि में अनुमानित टीबी मामले और दर्ज टीबी मामलों के अंतर में कमी आई है।<br />
<br />
रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में भारत में टीबी घटना दर एक लाख पर 199 मामले हैं वहीं विश्व में यह एक लाख पर 132 मामले हैं।<br />
<br />
जहां भारत एचआईवी पाजीटिव टीबी घटना दर 6.8 फीसदी प्रति लाख के हिसाब औसतन से है वही विश्व में यह प्रति लाख की आबादी में 11 है।<br />
<br />
जहां भारत में एमडीआर टीबी की घटना दर 9.6 प्रति लाख औसतन है वहीं विश्व में यह 6.4 फीसदी प्रति लाख की आबादी के हिसाब से है।<br />
<br />
जहां भारत में वर्ष 2018 में एमडीआर या आर आर टीबी के नए मामले 2.8 फीसदी थे उसकी तुलना में विश्व में यह 3.4 फीसदी रहे। <br />
<br />
जहां
वर्ष 2018 में भारत में एमडीआर या आर आर टीबी के पूर्व में इलाज हो चुके 
मामले 14 फीसदी थे वहीं इसकी तुलना में विश्व स्तर पर ऐसे मामले 18 फीसदी 
थे।<br />
<br />
इसी प्रकार, भारत में वर्ष 2018 में 74 फीसदी टीबी मरीजों को 
इलाज की सुविधाएं प्रदान की गईं जबकि विश्व स्तर पर यह 69 फीसदी है।&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<br />
&nbsp; <br />
<br />
<em><strong>References<br />
</strong></em><br />
Global TB Report 2019: India&rsquo;s TB profile, World Health Organization, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20Profile%20Global%20TB%20Report%202019%20by%20WHO%20for%20uploading.pdf" title="India Profile Global TB Report 2019 by WHO for uploading" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20Profile%20Global%20TB%20Report%202019%20by%20WHO%20for%20uploading.pdf" title="India Profile Global TB Report 2019 by WHO for uploading">click here</a> to access 
</div>
<div align="justify">
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
Global TB Report 2019: India&rsquo;s TB profile in details, World Health Organization, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Country%20profiles%20for%2030%20High%20TB%20burden%20countries.pdf" title="Country profiles for 30 High TB burden countries" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Country%20profiles%20for%2030%20High%20TB%20burden%20countries.pdf" title="Country profiles for 30 High TB burden countries">click here</a> to access<br />
<br />
Global TB Report 2019, World Health Organization, please <a href="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1">click here</a> to access<br />
&nbsp;<br />
Global Tuberculosis report 2019, please <a href="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/" title="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/" title="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/" title="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/">click here</a> to access<br />
&nbsp;<br />
2019 India TB report, released in September 2019, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, please <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019" title="https://www.im4change.org/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019" title="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019" title="https://www.im4change.org/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019">click here</a> and <a href="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf" title="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf" title="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf" title="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf">here</a> to access<br />
<br />
2019
Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger and Climate Change, 
released in October, 2019, produced by Welthungerhilfe and Concern 
Worldwide jointly, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf">click here</a> to access<br />
&nbsp;<br />
TB notification Gazette of India dated 16 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf">click here</a> to access <br />
<br />
</div>
<div align="justify">
TB Notification Government of India Order dated 07 May, 2012, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf">click here</a> to access <br />
</div>
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
India's
TB report must be seen in light of the country's slide in Hunger Index 
-Shah Alam Khan, The Indian Express, 26 October, 2019, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp; 
</div>
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
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<strong>Image Courtesy: UNDP India</strong> <br />
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ग्लोबल ट्यूबरक्लोसिस (टीबी) रिपोर्ट 2019
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ग्लोबल ट्यूबरक्लोसिस (टीबी) रिपोर्ट 2019
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जिसमें से सबसे बड़ा कारण अल्प पोषण का है, यानी कम भोजन मिलना। वर्ष 2018 
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ग्लोबल ट्यूबरक्लोसिस (टीबी) <a href="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1">रिपोर्ट</a> 2019
की ताजा रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक टीबी बीमारी के लिए पांच कारण पाए गए हैं 
जिसमें से सबसे बड़ा कारण अल्प पोषण का है, यानी कम भोजन मिलना। वर्ष 2018 
के दौरान भारत में करीब 7 लाख टीबी मामले अल्प पोषण के कारण पाए गए हैं।<br />
<br />
अन्य चार टीबी होने के जोखिमों में शराब पीना, धूम्रपान, मधुमेह और एचआईवी का होना शामिल है।<br />
<br />
डा. शाह आलम खान (एम्स, नई दिल्ली) के इंडियन एक्सप्रेस (26 अकटूबर,2019) में&nbsp;<a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html">छपे</a>&nbsp;एक
लेख अनुसार टीबी से छुटकारा पाने के लिए कुपोषण, गरीबी और खराब सफाई 
व्यवस्था पर सबसे पहले ध्यान देना जरूरी है। यहां यह उल्लेखनीय है कि <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hunger-overview-40.html?pgno=2#2019-global-hunger-index-the-challenge-of-hunger-and-climate-change-released-in-october-2019" title="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hunger-overview-40.html?pgno=2#2019-global-hunger-index-the-challenge-of-hunger-and-climate-change-released-in-october-2019">ग्लोबल हंगर इंडेक्स 2019</a> में 117 में देशों में भारत 102 वें स्थान पर है।<br />
<br />
ग्लोबल
टीबी रिपोर्ट 2019 के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में अनुमानित 26.9 लाख लोग टीबी 
मरीज थे। इनमें 19.9 टीबी मरीजों की संख्या दर्ज हुई बाकी 7.0 लाख बिना 
दर्ज हुए रह गए या बिना जांच के यानी जिनकी जांच ही नहीं हुई. वर्ष 2018 
में 26.9 लाख मरीजों में 56 फीसदी पुरूष, 31 फीसदी महिलाएं और 13 फीसदी 
बच्चे थे। <br />
<br />
भारत सरकार के 2012 आदेश के मुताबिक टीबी दर्ज करने 
योग्य बीमारी है। ताजा टीबी रिपोर्ट में इसका उल्लेख किया गया है। इसके 
मुताबिक टीबी मामलों की निगरानी सभी शासकीय और निजी अस्पतालों में होनी 
चाहिए। स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं प्रदान करने वाले अस्पतालों को टीबी मामलों के 
बारे में स्थानीय प्राधिकारी जैसे जिला स्वास्थ्य अधिकारी, मुख्य चिकित्सा 
अधिकारी, नगरपालिका और नगर निगम के स्वास्थ्य अधिकारियों को देनी होती है। 
और यह हर माह दर्ज होनी चाहिए। वर्ष मार्च 2018 में भारत के राजपत्र के 
मुताबिक यह निजी स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं और शासकीय स्वास्थ्य मुहैया कराने वाले
अस्पतालों के लिए अनिवार्य है।<br />
<br />
विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन द्वारा 
प्रस्तुत इस रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में देश में 4.49 लाख टीबी 
मरीजों की मौतें हुई हैं। इनमें से 9,700 मौतें एचआईवी से हुई हैं। यानी एक
टीबी के पीछे एक बड़ा कारण एचआईवी भी है।<br />
<br />
ताजा रिपोर्ट में यह भी 
देखा गया है कि करीब 1.3 लाख मरीज ड्रग रजिस्टेंट टीबी मरीज हैं। इनमें से 
58,347 मरीज की जांच में सही पाए गए। और 46,569 टीबी मरीजों का फिर से इलाज
शुरू हुआ।
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<br />
वर्ष 2018 में औसतन 92,000 एचआईवी मरीजों को टीबी थी। इनमें से 49,047 दर्ज हुए और 44,080 का फिर से इलाज शुरू हुआ।<br />
<br />
हालांकि
वर्ष 2000 और 2018 के बीच में टीबी की घटना दर (लाख आबादी के हिसाब से) 
में गिरावट आई है। पर इस बीच में टीबी मामलों की दर्ज संख्या में 
उतार-चढ़ाव के साथ बढोत्तरी हुई है।<br />
<br />
इस हिसाब से इस अवधि में अनुमानित टीबी मामले और दर्ज टीबी मामलों के अंतर में कमी आई है।<br />
<br />
रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में भारत में टीबी घटना दर एक लाख पर 199 मामले हैं वहीं विश्व में यह एक लाख पर 132 मामले हैं।<br />
<br />
जहां भारत एचआईवी पाजीटिव टीबी घटना दर 6.8 फीसदी प्रति लाख के हिसाब औसतन से है वही विश्व में यह प्रति लाख की आबादी में 11 है।<br />
<br />
जहां भारत में एमडीआर टीबी की घटना दर 9.6 प्रति लाख औसतन है वहीं विश्व में यह 6.4 फीसदी प्रति लाख की आबादी के हिसाब से है।<br />
<br />
जहां भारत में वर्ष 2018 में एमडीआर या आर आर टीबी के नए मामले 2.8 फीसदी थे उसकी तुलना में विश्व में यह 3.4 फीसदी रहे। <br />
<br />
जहां
वर्ष 2018 में भारत में एमडीआर या आर आर टीबी के पूर्व में इलाज हो चुके 
मामले 14 फीसदी थे वहीं इसकी तुलना में विश्व स्तर पर ऐसे मामले 18 फीसदी 
थे।<br />
<br />
इसी प्रकार, भारत में वर्ष 2018 में 74 फीसदी टीबी मरीजों को 
इलाज की सुविधाएं प्रदान की गईं जबकि विश्व स्तर पर यह 69 फीसदी है।&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<br />
&nbsp; <br />
<br />
<em><strong>References<br />
</strong></em><br />
Global TB Report 2019: India&rsquo;s TB profile, World Health Organization, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20Profile%20Global%20TB%20Report%202019%20by%20WHO%20for%20uploading.pdf" title="India Profile Global TB Report 2019 by WHO for uploading" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20Profile%20Global%20TB%20Report%202019%20by%20WHO%20for%20uploading.pdf" title="India Profile Global TB Report 2019 by WHO for uploading">click here</a> to access 
</div>
<div align="justify">
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
Global TB Report 2019: India&rsquo;s TB profile in details, World Health Organization, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Country%20profiles%20for%2030%20High%20TB%20burden%20countries.pdf" title="Country profiles for 30 High TB burden countries" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Country%20profiles%20for%2030%20High%20TB%20burden%20countries.pdf" title="Country profiles for 30 High TB burden countries">click here</a> to access<br />
<br />
Global TB Report 2019, World Health Organization, please <a href="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1" title="https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329368/9789241565714-eng.pdf?ua=1">click here</a> to access<br />
&nbsp;<br />
Global Tuberculosis report 2019, please <a href="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/" title="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/" title="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/" title="https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/">click here</a> to access<br />
&nbsp;<br />
2019 India TB report, released in September 2019, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, please <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019" title="https://www.im4change.org/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019" title="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019" title="https://www.im4change.org/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html?pgno=2#2019-india-tb-report-released-in-september-2019">click here</a> and <a href="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf" title="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf" title="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf" title="https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/India%20TB%20Report%202019.pdf">here</a> to access<br />
<br />
2019
Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger and Climate Change, 
released in October, 2019, produced by Welthungerhilfe and Concern 
Worldwide jointly, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/2019%20GHI.pdf">click here</a> to access<br />
&nbsp;<br />
TB notification Gazette of India dated 16 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20notification%20Gazette%20of%20India%20dated%2019%20March%202018.pdf">click here</a> to access <br />
<br />
</div>
<div align="justify">
TB Notification Government of India Order dated 07 May, 2012, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.orghttps://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce//uploaded/TB%20Notification%20Govt%20Order%20dated%2007%20May%202012.pdf">click here</a> to access <br />
</div>
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
India's
TB report must be seen in light of the country's slide in Hunger Index 
-Shah Alam Khan, The Indian Express, 26 October, 2019, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/india039s-tb-report-must-be-seen-in-light-of-the-country039s-slide-in-hunger-index-shah-alam-khan-4688315.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp; 
</div>
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div align="justify">
<strong>Image Courtesy: UNDP India</strong> <br />
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हर चार टीबी मरीजों में से एक भारत का; कुपोषण बड़ा कारण है टीबी का

Published on Nov 25, 2019   Modified on Dec 23, 2019

ग्लोबल ट्यूबरक्लोसिस (टीबी) रिपोर्ट 2019 की ताजा रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक टीबी बीमारी के लिए पांच कारण पाए गए हैं जिसमें से सबसे बड़ा कारण अल्प पोषण का है, यानी कम भोजन मिलना। वर्ष 2018 के दौरान भारत में करीब 7 लाख टीबी मामले अल्प पोषण के कारण पाए गए हैं। अन्य चार टीबी होने के जोखिमों में शराब पीना, धूम्रपान, मधुमेह और एचआईवी का होना शामिल है। डा. शाह आलम खान (एम्स, नई दिल्ली) के इंडियन एक्सप्रेस (26 अकटूबर,2019) में छपे एक लेख अनुसार टीबी से छुटकारा पाने के लिए कुपोषण, गरीबी और खराब सफाई व्यवस्था पर सबसे पहले ध्यान देना जरूरी है। यहां यह उल्लेखनीय है कि ग्लोबल हंगर इंडेक्स 2019 में 117 में देशों में भारत 102 वें स्थान पर है। ग्लोबल टीबी रिपोर्ट 2019 के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में अनुमानित 26.9 लाख लोग टीबी मरीज थे। इनमें 19.9 टीबी मरीजों की संख्या दर्ज हुई बाकी 7.0 लाख बिना दर्ज हुए रह गए या बिना जांच के यानी जिनकी जांच ही नहीं हुई. वर्ष 2018 में 26.9 लाख मरीजों में 56 फीसदी पुरूष, 31 फीसदी महिलाएं और 13 फीसदी बच्चे थे। भारत सरकार के 2012 आदेश के मुताबिक टीबी दर्ज करने योग्य बीमारी है। ताजा टीबी रिपोर्ट में इसका उल्लेख किया गया है। इसके मुताबिक टीबी मामलों की निगरानी सभी शासकीय और निजी अस्पतालों में होनी चाहिए। स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं प्रदान करने वाले अस्पतालों को टीबी मामलों के बारे में स्थानीय प्राधिकारी जैसे जिला स्वास्थ्य अधिकारी, मुख्य चिकित्सा अधिकारी, नगरपालिका और नगर निगम के स्वास्थ्य अधिकारियों को देनी होती है। और यह हर माह दर्ज होनी चाहिए। वर्ष मार्च 2018 में भारत के राजपत्र के मुताबिक यह निजी स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं और शासकीय स्वास्थ्य मुहैया कराने वाले अस्पतालों के लिए अनिवार्य है। विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन द्वारा प्रस्तुत इस रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में देश में 4.49 लाख टीबी मरीजों की मौतें हुई हैं। इनमें से 9,700 मौतें एचआईवी से हुई हैं। यानी एक टीबी के पीछे एक बड़ा कारण एचआईवी भी है। ताजा रिपोर्ट में यह भी देखा गया है कि करीब 1.3 लाख मरीज ड्रग रजिस्टेंट टीबी मरीज हैं। इनमें से 58,347 मरीज की जांच में सही पाए गए। और 46,569 टीबी मरीजों का फिर से इलाज शुरू हुआ। वर्ष 2018 में औसतन 92,000 एचआईवी मरीजों को टीबी थी। इनमें से 49,047 दर्ज हुए और 44,080 का फिर से इलाज शुरू हुआ। हालांकि वर्ष 2000 और 2018 के बीच में टीबी की घटना दर (लाख आबादी के हिसाब से) में गिरावट आई है। पर इस बीच में टीबी मामलों की दर्ज संख्या में उतार-चढ़ाव के साथ बढोत्तरी हुई है। इस हिसाब से इस अवधि में अनुमानित टीबी मामले और दर्ज टीबी मामलों के अंतर में कमी आई है। रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक वर्ष 2018 में भारत में टीबी घटना दर एक लाख पर 199 मामले हैं वहीं विश्व में यह एक लाख पर 132 मामले हैं। जहां भारत एचआईवी पाजीटिव टीबी घटना दर 6.8 फीसदी प्रति लाख के हिसाब औसतन से है वही विश्व में यह प्रति लाख की आबादी में 11 है। जहां भारत में एमडीआर टीबी की घटना दर 9.6 प्रति लाख औसतन है वहीं विश्व में यह 6.4 फीसदी प्रति लाख की आबादी के हिसाब से है। जहां भारत में वर्ष 2018 में एमडीआर या आर आर टीबी के नए मामले 2.8 फीसदी थे उसकी तुलना में विश्व में यह 3.4 फीसदी रहे। जहां वर्ष 2018 में भारत में एमडीआर या आर आर टीबी के पूर्व में इलाज हो चुके मामले 14 फीसदी थे वहीं इसकी तुलना में विश्व स्तर पर ऐसे मामले 18 फीसदी थे। इसी प्रकार, भारत में वर्ष 2018 में 74 फीसदी टीबी मरीजों को इलाज की सुविधाएं प्रदान की गईं जबकि विश्व स्तर पर यह 69 फीसदी है।         References Global TB Report 2019: India’s TB profile, World Health Organization, please click here to access   Global TB Report 2019: India’s TB profile in details, World Health Organization, please click here to access Global TB Report 2019, World Health Organization, please click here to access   Global Tuberculosis report 2019, please click here to access   2019 India TB report, released in September 2019, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, please click here and here to access 2019 Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger and Climate Change, released in October, 2019, produced by Welthungerhilfe and Concern Worldwide jointly, please click here to access   TB notification Gazette of India dated 16 March, 2018, please click here to access TB Notification Government of India Order dated 07 May, 2012, please click here to access   India's TB report must be seen in light of the country's slide in Hunger Index -Shah Alam Khan, The Indian Express, 26 October, 2019, please click here to access      Image Courtesy: UNDP India

 

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