Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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        न्यूज क्लिपिंग्स् | दक्षिण अफ्रीका में नस्लीय हिंसा की आग ठंडी नहीं पड़ती कि फिर सुलगने लगती है    </title>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">दक्षिण अफ्रीका में नस्लीय हिंसा की आग ठंडी नहीं पड़ती कि फिर सुलगने लगती है</h1>
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                            <p>-न्यूजलॉन्ड्री,</p>

<p>हाल ही में दक्षिण अफ्रीका एक बार फिर से सुर्खियों में छाया रहा और इस बार भी वहीं सालों पुरानी नस्लीय हिंसा की घटना को लेकर ही जिससे उबरने को लेकर इस देश ने लंबा संघर्ष किया है. लेकिन इस संघर्ष की उपलब्धियों पर गाहे-बगाहे चोट पहुंचती रहती है और बमुश्किल वहां बने सकारात्मक माहौल को बिगाड़ती रहती है. हम एक बार फिर दक्षिण अफ्रीका को नस्लीय हिंसा की आग में झुलसते हुए देख रहे हैं. नस्लीय हिंसा की आग वहां ठंडी पड़ती नहीं कि फिर से सुलगने लगती है.</p>

<p>दक्षिण अफ्रीका में हालिया नस्लीय हिंसा की शुरुआत दक्षिण अफ्रीका के पूर्व राष्ट्रपति जैकब जुमा पर लगे भ्रष्टाचार के आरोप पर उन्हें 15 महीने की जेल की सजा सुनाने के बाद शुरू हुई है. उनपर यह भी आरोप है कि उन्होंने भारतीय मूल के गुप्ता भाइयों को फ़ायदा पहुंचाने में उनकी गैर क़ानूनी तरीके से मदद की. हालांकि जैकब जुमा और गुप्ता बंधु इन आरोपों को सिरे से खारिज करते रहे हैं.</p>

<p>गुप्ता बंधु तीन भाई हैं जो भारत के उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य के सहारनपुर से ताल्लुक रखते हैं. वे भारत से व्यापर करने दक्षिण अफ्रीका गए हुए थे. फिलहाल तीनों भाई दक्षिण अफ्रीका से गायब हैं और वहां कि पुलिस उनकी तलाश में जुटी हुई है. जैकब जुमा के समर्थकों ने सजा सुनाए जाने के बाद अफरा-तफरी मचा दी और दंगे-फसाद जैसी अराजकता पूरे देश में फैलानी शुरू कर दी है.</p>

<p>शुरू में जब इस तरह के दंगे फसाद शुरू हुए तब इसका रूप नस्लीय नहीं था फिर धीरे-धीरे लोगों का गुस्सा भारतीय मूल के लोगों के प्रति निकलने लगा. वहां रहने वाले भारतीय मूल के लोग अचानक से निशाने पर आ गए. खास कर उन्हें आर्थिक नुकसान पहुंचाया जाने लगा. उनकी पहचान कर उनकी दुकानें लूटी जाने लगीं. दक्षिण अफ्रीका के लोगों का आरोप है कि भारतीय मूल के लोग उन्हें अपने से कमतर समझते हैं और उनके साथ हमेशा भेदभाव करते हैं हालांकि भारतीय मूल के लोग वहां एक अल्पसंख्यक समुदाय के तौर पर हैं. जाहिर है कि अफ्रीकियों का गुस्सा भारतीयों के प्रति कोई एक दिन की उपज तो कतई नहीं है. गुप्ता बंधुओं के बहाने दक्षिण अफ्रीकी समाज में भारतीयों के प्रति व्याप्त पूर्वाग्रह की यह तात्कालिक प्रतिक्रिया है. इसे समझने के लिए हमें इतिहास के कुछ पन्ने पलटने होंगे.</p>

<p>सालों के संघर्ष के बाद 1994 में दक्षिण अफ्रीका को लोकतंत्र हासिल हुआ था. इस लोकतंत्र को हासिल करने में जो सबसे बड़ी समस्या रही थी वह अफ़्रीकी व भारतीय मूल के लोगों के बीच का टकराव भी था. इससे पहले भी इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच टकराव हिंसक घटनाओं के रूप में 1949 और 1985 में ले चुका था. हालांकि उस वक़्त दक्षिण अफ्रीका में गोरों का राज्य था और नस्लीय भेदभाव को वैधानिकता हासिल थी. किसी भी प्रकार के लोकतांत्रिक मूल्यों और सामाजिक सद्भाव के लिए वैसी गुंजाइश नहीं थी. लेकिन सिर्फ इसे ही इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच बने अविश्वास की वजह मानना, इस समस्या का सरलीकरण होगा.</p>

<p>दरअसल इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच सामाजिक आर्थिक सांस्कृतिक भेदभाव हमेशा से रहे हैं. 1939 में नॉन यूरोपियन यूनाइटेड फ्रंट की स्थापना इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच एकता को मजबूत करने के मकसद से की गयी थी ताकि दक्षिण अफ्रीका को गोरों से स्वतंत्र कराने में ज्यादा सार्थक संघर्ष किए जाएं. लेकिन गांधीजी इस तरह के यूनाइटेड फ्रंट बनाने के लिए उस समय की परिस्थितियों में तैयार नहीं थे. हालांकि इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच आपसी सद्भाव व एकता 1947 में की गई &ldquo;थ्री डॉक्टर्स पैक्ट&ldquo; के दौरान ज्यादा सार्थक साबित हुई. लेकिन यह भी एतिहासिक सच है कि इसके बावजूद दोनों समुदाय के बिच हिंसा की घटनाएं हुईं.</p>

<p>पूरी रपट पढ़ने के लिए <a href="https://hindi.newslaundry.com/2021/07/27/racial-violence-against-indians-in-south-africa" title="https://hindi.newslaundry.com/2021/07/27/racial-violence-against-indians-in-south-africa">यहां क्लिक करें.</a>&nbsp;</p>                                                           
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">दक्षिण अफ्रीका में नस्लीय हिंसा की आग ठंडी नहीं पड़ती कि फिर सुलगने लगती है</h1>
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                            <p>-न्यूजलॉन्ड्री,</p>

<p>हाल ही में दक्षिण अफ्रीका एक बार फिर से सुर्खियों में छाया रहा और इस बार भी वहीं सालों पुरानी नस्लीय हिंसा की घटना को लेकर ही जिससे उबरने को लेकर इस देश ने लंबा संघर्ष किया है. लेकिन इस संघर्ष की उपलब्धियों पर गाहे-बगाहे चोट पहुंचती रहती है और बमुश्किल वहां बने सकारात्मक माहौल को बिगाड़ती रहती है. हम एक बार फिर दक्षिण अफ्रीका को नस्लीय हिंसा की आग में झुलसते हुए देख रहे हैं. नस्लीय हिंसा की आग वहां ठंडी पड़ती नहीं कि फिर से सुलगने लगती है.</p>

<p>दक्षिण अफ्रीका में हालिया नस्लीय हिंसा की शुरुआत दक्षिण अफ्रीका के पूर्व राष्ट्रपति जैकब जुमा पर लगे भ्रष्टाचार के आरोप पर उन्हें 15 महीने की जेल की सजा सुनाने के बाद शुरू हुई है. उनपर यह भी आरोप है कि उन्होंने भारतीय मूल के गुप्ता भाइयों को फ़ायदा पहुंचाने में उनकी गैर क़ानूनी तरीके से मदद की. हालांकि जैकब जुमा और गुप्ता बंधु इन आरोपों को सिरे से खारिज करते रहे हैं.</p>

<p>गुप्ता बंधु तीन भाई हैं जो भारत के उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य के सहारनपुर से ताल्लुक रखते हैं. वे भारत से व्यापर करने दक्षिण अफ्रीका गए हुए थे. फिलहाल तीनों भाई दक्षिण अफ्रीका से गायब हैं और वहां कि पुलिस उनकी तलाश में जुटी हुई है. जैकब जुमा के समर्थकों ने सजा सुनाए जाने के बाद अफरा-तफरी मचा दी और दंगे-फसाद जैसी अराजकता पूरे देश में फैलानी शुरू कर दी है.</p>

<p>शुरू में जब इस तरह के दंगे फसाद शुरू हुए तब इसका रूप नस्लीय नहीं था फिर धीरे-धीरे लोगों का गुस्सा भारतीय मूल के लोगों के प्रति निकलने लगा. वहां रहने वाले भारतीय मूल के लोग अचानक से निशाने पर आ गए. खास कर उन्हें आर्थिक नुकसान पहुंचाया जाने लगा. उनकी पहचान कर उनकी दुकानें लूटी जाने लगीं. दक्षिण अफ्रीका के लोगों का आरोप है कि भारतीय मूल के लोग उन्हें अपने से कमतर समझते हैं और उनके साथ हमेशा भेदभाव करते हैं हालांकि भारतीय मूल के लोग वहां एक अल्पसंख्यक समुदाय के तौर पर हैं. जाहिर है कि अफ्रीकियों का गुस्सा भारतीयों के प्रति कोई एक दिन की उपज तो कतई नहीं है. गुप्ता बंधुओं के बहाने दक्षिण अफ्रीकी समाज में भारतीयों के प्रति व्याप्त पूर्वाग्रह की यह तात्कालिक प्रतिक्रिया है. इसे समझने के लिए हमें इतिहास के कुछ पन्ने पलटने होंगे.</p>

<p>सालों के संघर्ष के बाद 1994 में दक्षिण अफ्रीका को लोकतंत्र हासिल हुआ था. इस लोकतंत्र को हासिल करने में जो सबसे बड़ी समस्या रही थी वह अफ़्रीकी व भारतीय मूल के लोगों के बीच का टकराव भी था. इससे पहले भी इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच टकराव हिंसक घटनाओं के रूप में 1949 और 1985 में ले चुका था. हालांकि उस वक़्त दक्षिण अफ्रीका में गोरों का राज्य था और नस्लीय भेदभाव को वैधानिकता हासिल थी. किसी भी प्रकार के लोकतांत्रिक मूल्यों और सामाजिक सद्भाव के लिए वैसी गुंजाइश नहीं थी. लेकिन सिर्फ इसे ही इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच बने अविश्वास की वजह मानना, इस समस्या का सरलीकरण होगा.</p>

<p>दरअसल इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच सामाजिक आर्थिक सांस्कृतिक भेदभाव हमेशा से रहे हैं. 1939 में नॉन यूरोपियन यूनाइटेड फ्रंट की स्थापना इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच एकता को मजबूत करने के मकसद से की गयी थी ताकि दक्षिण अफ्रीका को गोरों से स्वतंत्र कराने में ज्यादा सार्थक संघर्ष किए जाएं. लेकिन गांधीजी इस तरह के यूनाइटेड फ्रंट बनाने के लिए उस समय की परिस्थितियों में तैयार नहीं थे. हालांकि इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच आपसी सद्भाव व एकता 1947 में की गई &ldquo;थ्री डॉक्टर्स पैक्ट&ldquo; के दौरान ज्यादा सार्थक साबित हुई. लेकिन यह भी एतिहासिक सच है कि इसके बावजूद दोनों समुदाय के बिच हिंसा की घटनाएं हुईं.</p>

<p>पूरी रपट पढ़ने के लिए <a href="https://hindi.newslaundry.com/2021/07/27/racial-violence-against-indians-in-south-africa" title="https://hindi.newslaundry.com/2021/07/27/racial-violence-against-indians-in-south-africa">यहां क्लिक करें.</a>&nbsp;</p>                                                           
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">दक्षिण अफ्रीका में नस्लीय हिंसा की आग ठंडी नहीं पड़ती कि फिर सुलगने लगती है</h1>
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                            <p>-न्यूजलॉन्ड्री,</p>

<p>हाल ही में दक्षिण अफ्रीका एक बार फिर से सुर्खियों में छाया रहा और इस बार भी वहीं सालों पुरानी नस्लीय हिंसा की घटना को लेकर ही जिससे उबरने को लेकर इस देश ने लंबा संघर्ष किया है. लेकिन इस संघर्ष की उपलब्धियों पर गाहे-बगाहे चोट पहुंचती रहती है और बमुश्किल वहां बने सकारात्मक माहौल को बिगाड़ती रहती है. हम एक बार फिर दक्षिण अफ्रीका को नस्लीय हिंसा की आग में झुलसते हुए देख रहे हैं. नस्लीय हिंसा की आग वहां ठंडी पड़ती नहीं कि फिर से सुलगने लगती है.</p>

<p>दक्षिण अफ्रीका में हालिया नस्लीय हिंसा की शुरुआत दक्षिण अफ्रीका के पूर्व राष्ट्रपति जैकब जुमा पर लगे भ्रष्टाचार के आरोप पर उन्हें 15 महीने की जेल की सजा सुनाने के बाद शुरू हुई है. उनपर यह भी आरोप है कि उन्होंने भारतीय मूल के गुप्ता भाइयों को फ़ायदा पहुंचाने में उनकी गैर क़ानूनी तरीके से मदद की. हालांकि जैकब जुमा और गुप्ता बंधु इन आरोपों को सिरे से खारिज करते रहे हैं.</p>

<p>गुप्ता बंधु तीन भाई हैं जो भारत के उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य के सहारनपुर से ताल्लुक रखते हैं. वे भारत से व्यापर करने दक्षिण अफ्रीका गए हुए थे. फिलहाल तीनों भाई दक्षिण अफ्रीका से गायब हैं और वहां कि पुलिस उनकी तलाश में जुटी हुई है. जैकब जुमा के समर्थकों ने सजा सुनाए जाने के बाद अफरा-तफरी मचा दी और दंगे-फसाद जैसी अराजकता पूरे देश में फैलानी शुरू कर दी है.</p>

<p>शुरू में जब इस तरह के दंगे फसाद शुरू हुए तब इसका रूप नस्लीय नहीं था फिर धीरे-धीरे लोगों का गुस्सा भारतीय मूल के लोगों के प्रति निकलने लगा. वहां रहने वाले भारतीय मूल के लोग अचानक से निशाने पर आ गए. खास कर उन्हें आर्थिक नुकसान पहुंचाया जाने लगा. उनकी पहचान कर उनकी दुकानें लूटी जाने लगीं. दक्षिण अफ्रीका के लोगों का आरोप है कि भारतीय मूल के लोग उन्हें अपने से कमतर समझते हैं और उनके साथ हमेशा भेदभाव करते हैं हालांकि भारतीय मूल के लोग वहां एक अल्पसंख्यक समुदाय के तौर पर हैं. जाहिर है कि अफ्रीकियों का गुस्सा भारतीयों के प्रति कोई एक दिन की उपज तो कतई नहीं है. गुप्ता बंधुओं के बहाने दक्षिण अफ्रीकी समाज में भारतीयों के प्रति व्याप्त पूर्वाग्रह की यह तात्कालिक प्रतिक्रिया है. इसे समझने के लिए हमें इतिहास के कुछ पन्ने पलटने होंगे.</p>

<p>सालों के संघर्ष के बाद 1994 में दक्षिण अफ्रीका को लोकतंत्र हासिल हुआ था. इस लोकतंत्र को हासिल करने में जो सबसे बड़ी समस्या रही थी वह अफ़्रीकी व भारतीय मूल के लोगों के बीच का टकराव भी था. इससे पहले भी इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच टकराव हिंसक घटनाओं के रूप में 1949 और 1985 में ले चुका था. हालांकि उस वक़्त दक्षिण अफ्रीका में गोरों का राज्य था और नस्लीय भेदभाव को वैधानिकता हासिल थी. किसी भी प्रकार के लोकतांत्रिक मूल्यों और सामाजिक सद्भाव के लिए वैसी गुंजाइश नहीं थी. लेकिन सिर्फ इसे ही इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच बने अविश्वास की वजह मानना, इस समस्या का सरलीकरण होगा.</p>

<p>दरअसल इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच सामाजिक आर्थिक सांस्कृतिक भेदभाव हमेशा से रहे हैं. 1939 में नॉन यूरोपियन यूनाइटेड फ्रंट की स्थापना इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच एकता को मजबूत करने के मकसद से की गयी थी ताकि दक्षिण अफ्रीका को गोरों से स्वतंत्र कराने में ज्यादा सार्थक संघर्ष किए जाएं. लेकिन गांधीजी इस तरह के यूनाइटेड फ्रंट बनाने के लिए उस समय की परिस्थितियों में तैयार नहीं थे. हालांकि इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच आपसी सद्भाव व एकता 1947 में की गई &ldquo;थ्री डॉक्टर्स पैक्ट&ldquo; के दौरान ज्यादा सार्थक साबित हुई. लेकिन यह भी एतिहासिक सच है कि इसके बावजूद दोनों समुदाय के बिच हिंसा की घटनाएं हुईं.</p>

<p>पूरी रपट पढ़ने के लिए <a href="https://hindi.newslaundry.com/2021/07/27/racial-violence-against-indians-in-south-africa" title="https://hindi.newslaundry.com/2021/07/27/racial-violence-against-indians-in-south-africa">यहां क्लिक करें.</a>&nbsp;</p>                                                           
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दक्षिण अफ्रीका में नस्लीय हिंसा की आग ठंडी नहीं पड़ती कि फिर सुलगने लगती है

Published on Jul 27, 2021   Modified on Jul 27, 2021

-न्यूजलॉन्ड्री, हाल ही में दक्षिण अफ्रीका एक बार फिर से सुर्खियों में छाया रहा और इस बार भी वहीं सालों पुरानी नस्लीय हिंसा की घटना को लेकर ही जिससे उबरने को लेकर इस देश ने लंबा संघर्ष किया है. लेकिन इस संघर्ष की उपलब्धियों पर गाहे-बगाहे चोट पहुंचती रहती है और बमुश्किल वहां बने सकारात्मक माहौल को बिगाड़ती रहती है. हम एक बार फिर दक्षिण अफ्रीका को नस्लीय हिंसा की आग में झुलसते हुए देख रहे हैं. नस्लीय हिंसा की आग वहां ठंडी पड़ती नहीं कि फिर से सुलगने लगती है. दक्षिण अफ्रीका में हालिया नस्लीय हिंसा की शुरुआत दक्षिण अफ्रीका के पूर्व राष्ट्रपति जैकब जुमा पर लगे भ्रष्टाचार के आरोप पर उन्हें 15 महीने की जेल की सजा सुनाने के बाद शुरू हुई है. उनपर यह भी आरोप है कि उन्होंने भारतीय मूल के गुप्ता भाइयों को फ़ायदा पहुंचाने में उनकी गैर क़ानूनी तरीके से मदद की. हालांकि जैकब जुमा और गुप्ता बंधु इन आरोपों को सिरे से खारिज करते रहे हैं. गुप्ता बंधु तीन भाई हैं जो भारत के उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य के सहारनपुर से ताल्लुक रखते हैं. वे भारत से व्यापर करने दक्षिण अफ्रीका गए हुए थे. फिलहाल तीनों भाई दक्षिण अफ्रीका से गायब हैं और वहां कि पुलिस उनकी तलाश में जुटी हुई है. जैकब जुमा के समर्थकों ने सजा सुनाए जाने के बाद अफरा-तफरी मचा दी और दंगे-फसाद जैसी अराजकता पूरे देश में फैलानी शुरू कर दी है. शुरू में जब इस तरह के दंगे फसाद शुरू हुए तब इसका रूप नस्लीय नहीं था फिर धीरे-धीरे लोगों का गुस्सा भारतीय मूल के लोगों के प्रति निकलने लगा. वहां रहने वाले भारतीय मूल के लोग अचानक से निशाने पर आ गए. खास कर उन्हें आर्थिक नुकसान पहुंचाया जाने लगा. उनकी पहचान कर उनकी दुकानें लूटी जाने लगीं. दक्षिण अफ्रीका के लोगों का आरोप है कि भारतीय मूल के लोग उन्हें अपने से कमतर समझते हैं और उनके साथ हमेशा भेदभाव करते हैं हालांकि भारतीय मूल के लोग वहां एक अल्पसंख्यक समुदाय के तौर पर हैं. जाहिर है कि अफ्रीकियों का गुस्सा भारतीयों के प्रति कोई एक दिन की उपज तो कतई नहीं है. गुप्ता बंधुओं के बहाने दक्षिण अफ्रीकी समाज में भारतीयों के प्रति व्याप्त पूर्वाग्रह की यह तात्कालिक प्रतिक्रिया है. इसे समझने के लिए हमें इतिहास के कुछ पन्ने पलटने होंगे. सालों के संघर्ष के बाद 1994 में दक्षिण अफ्रीका को लोकतंत्र हासिल हुआ था. इस लोकतंत्र को हासिल करने में जो सबसे बड़ी समस्या रही थी वह अफ़्रीकी व भारतीय मूल के लोगों के बीच का टकराव भी था. इससे पहले भी इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच टकराव हिंसक घटनाओं के रूप में 1949 और 1985 में ले चुका था. हालांकि उस वक़्त दक्षिण अफ्रीका में गोरों का राज्य था और नस्लीय भेदभाव को वैधानिकता हासिल थी. किसी भी प्रकार के लोकतांत्रिक मूल्यों और सामाजिक सद्भाव के लिए वैसी गुंजाइश नहीं थी. लेकिन सिर्फ इसे ही इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच बने अविश्वास की वजह मानना, इस समस्या का सरलीकरण होगा. दरअसल इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच सामाजिक आर्थिक सांस्कृतिक भेदभाव हमेशा से रहे हैं. 1939 में नॉन यूरोपियन यूनाइटेड फ्रंट की स्थापना इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच एकता को मजबूत करने के मकसद से की गयी थी ताकि दक्षिण अफ्रीका को गोरों से स्वतंत्र कराने में ज्यादा सार्थक संघर्ष किए जाएं. लेकिन गांधीजी इस तरह के यूनाइटेड फ्रंट बनाने के लिए उस समय की परिस्थितियों में तैयार नहीं थे. हालांकि इन दोनों समुदायों के बीच आपसी सद्भाव व एकता 1947 में की गई “थ्री डॉक्टर्स पैक्ट“ के दौरान ज्यादा सार्थक साबित हुई. लेकिन यह भी एतिहासिक सच है कि इसके बावजूद दोनों समुदाय के बिच हिंसा की घटनाएं हुईं. पूरी रपट पढ़ने के लिए यहां क्लिक करें.

राहिला परवीन, https://hindi.newslaundry.com/2021/07/27/racial-violence-against-indians-in-south-africa

Tagged with: दक्षिण अफ्रीका नस्लीय हिंसा

 

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