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Environment | Impact on Agriculture
Impact on Agriculture

Impact on Agriculture

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KEY TRENDS 

• Research studies indicate more erratic and intense monsoon rains/unseasonal rains and hailstorm, increasing risk of droughts and floods and rise in temperature including increased frequency of warm days. This leads to projected average reduction of yield by 6 percent in wheat, 4-6 percent in rice, 18 percent in maize, 2.5 percent in sorghum, 2 percent in mustard and 2.5 percent in potato. The crop yield were projected more vulnerable in Central and East India for wheat; Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan for irrigated rice, Maharashtra, Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Assam for rainfed rice; Central India for mustard and Punjab, Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal for potato $

 

• The integrated Agricultural Sustainability Index (ASI), prepared by Sharma and Shardendu (2011) for Gangapur village (25deg83'N, 85deg65'E) of Bihar, based on social, economic and ecological sustainability variables, has shown improvement although marginally in 2000–2010 as compared to the previous two decades i.e. 1950–1960 and 1980–1990 @

 

• The livestock sector in 2007 produced 334 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 eq). Cultivation of rice, a key Indian crop, contributes just 21 percent of India’s agricultural emissions, or 70 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 eq) #

 

• Nearly half of India’s landmass is drought prone, according to India’s environment ministry #

 

• Production of meat resulted in 3.5 million tons of wastewater in 2007. That is nearly 100 times as much wastewater as India’s sugar industry generates and 150 times more wastewater than the manufacture of fertilizer creates #

 

• It is estimated that about 32% of India's total land area is affected by land degradation and 25% of the geographical area is affected by desertification. About 69% of the country's land is drylands and degradation of this land has severe implications for the livelihood and food security of millions "

 

• The major process of land degradation is soil erosion (due to water and wind erosion), contributing to over 71% of the land degradation in the country "

 

• Simulations using dynamic crop models indicate a decrease in yield of crops as temperature increases in different parts of India*

 

• Yields from rainfed agriculture could be reduced by up to 50 per cent by 2020 in some countries**

 

• In Central and South Asia, yields could decrease by 30 per cent by 2050 due to climate change**

 

• About 30% of global emissions leading to climate change are attributable to agricultural activities, including land use changes such as deforestation***

 

$ Reply by Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Balyan, Minister of State in the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare to the unstarred question no. 2249 (dated 18 December 2015), which was raised in Rajya Sabha by P Bhattacharya on 'adverse effects of climate change on agriculture', (please click here to access) 

 

@ Assessing farm-level agricultural sustainability over a 60-year period in rural eastern India by Deepti Sharma and Shardendu Shardendu, Environmentalist (2011) 31:325–337, http://www.springerlink.com/content/0051808851j537rq/

 
# “Veg or Non-Veg: India at the Crossroads”, Brighter Green,

http://www.brightergreen.org/files/india_bg_pp_2011.pdf   

 

" Elucidation of the 4th National Report submitted to UNCCD Secretariat, 2010, Ministry of Environment and Forests, GoI,

http://moef.nic.in/modules/divisions/desertification-cell/
unccd-report.pdf
 

 

* Climate change, sustainable development and India: Global and national concerns by Jayant Sathaye , PR Shukla  and NH Ravindranath, Current Science, Vol. 90, No. 3, 10 February 2006

 

** Climate change: Building the resilience of poor rural communities by IFAD

 

*** April, 2008 Report of the International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development,

http://www.agassessment.org/index.cfm?Page=IAASTD%20Report
s&ItemID=2713

 


 

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