Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

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        Farm Crisis | Farm Suicides    </title>
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&bull; Suicide&nbsp;by&nbsp;self-employed&nbsp;persons&nbsp;in&nbsp;agriculture as a&nbsp;percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent..."/>
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&nbsp;

&bull; Suicide&nbsp;by&nbsp;self-employed&nbsp;persons&nbsp;in&nbsp;agriculture as a&nbsp;percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent..." />
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                                                 <h3><b>Farm Crisis</b></h3>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=2#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2021-released-in-august-2022">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2021 (released in August, 2022)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=3#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2020-released-in-october-2021">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2020 (released in October, 2021)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=4#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2019-released-in-september-2020">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2019 (released in September, 2020)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=5#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2018-released-in-january-2020">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2018 (released in January, 2020)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=6#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2017-released-in-january-2020">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2017 (released in January, 2020)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=7#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2016-released-in-november-2019">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2016 (released in November, 2019)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=8#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2015-released-in-2016">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2015 (released in 2016)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=9#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2014-released-in-2015">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2014 (released in 2015)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=10#accidental-deaths-and-suicides-in-india-2013-released-in-2014">Accidental Deaths and Suicides in India 2013 (released in 2014)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=11#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2012">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India-2012</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=12#farmers39-suicides-and-the-state-in-india-conceptual-and-ethnographic-notes-from-wayanad-kerala">Farmers&#39; suicides and the state in India: Conceptual and ethnographic notes from Wayanad, Kerala</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=13#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2011">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India-2011</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=13#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2010">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India-2010</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=13#accidental-death-and-suicide-2009">Accidental Death and Suicide (2009)</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=14#farmers-suicide-facts-and-possible-policy-interventions-2006">Farmers Suicide: Facts and Possible Policy Interventions (2006) </a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=14#farmersrsquo-suicide-in-india-agrarian-crisis-path-of-development-and-politics-in-karnataka">Farmers&rsquo; Suicide in India: Agrarian Crisis, Path of Development and Politics in Karnataka</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=14#farmersrsquo-suicides-in-india-magnitudes-trends-and-spatial-patterns-1997-2012-by-k-nagaraj-p-sainath-r-rukmani-and-r-gopinath">Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India: Magnitudes, Trends, and Spatial Patterns, 1997-2012 by K Nagaraj, P Sainath, R Rukmani and R Gopinath</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=14#farmersrsquo-suicides-in-india-magnitudes-trends-and-spatial-patterns">Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=14#lsquohuman-security-and-the-case-of-farmersrsquo-suicides-in-india-an-explorationrsquo">&lsquo;Human Security and the Case of Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India: An Exploration&rsquo;</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=15#the-burden-of-farmersrsquo-debt">The Burden of Farmers&rsquo; Debt</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=15#causes-of-farmer-suicides-in-maharashtra-an-enquiry-final-report-submitted-to-the-mumbai-high-court-march-15-2005">Causes of Farmer Suicides in Maharashtra: AN ENQUIRY, Final Report Submitted to the Mumbai High Court March 15, 2005</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">KEY TRENDS</p><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">&bull; Suicide&nbsp;by&nbsp;self-employed&nbsp;persons&nbsp;in&nbsp;agriculture as a&nbsp;percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent in 2012 and 8.73 percent in 2013. Suicides committed in the farming sector (by farmers plus agricultural labourers) as a proportion of total suicides in India was 9.4 percent in 2014, 9.43 percent in 2015, 8.7 percent in 2016, 8.2 percent in 2017, 7.69 percent in 2018,&nbsp;7.4 percent in 2019, 7.0 percent in 2020, and 6.63 percent in 2021&nbsp;<strong>#</strong><br /><br />&bull; The total number of suicides committed by self-employed persons in agriculture in India was 13729 in 1996, 17971 in 2002, 17060 in 2006, 17368 in 2009, 15964 in 2010, 14027 in 2011, 13754 in 2012 and 11772 in 2013. The total number of suicides in the farming sector (committed by farmers/ cultivators plus agricultural labourers) was 12,360 in 2014, 12,602 in 2015, 11,379 in 2016, 10,655 in 2017, 10,349 in 2018, 10,281 in 2019, 10,677 in 2020, and 10,881 in 2021&nbsp;<strong>#</strong>&nbsp;<br /><br />&bull; Due to drop in world market prices for cash-crops (such as coffee, pepper, vanilla) during late 1990s, failure of ginger cultivation in neighbouring Kodagu (formerly Coorg) district and ecological crisis owing to overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides so as to combat productivity failure, many farmers and neo-farmers were left with heavy debts. When, eventually the recovery notices of the banks arrived, hundreds of farmers, especially marginal landholders with up to two acres of land, drank pesticides and killed themselves <strong>@</strong><br /><br />&bull; In Wayanad, since suicide statistics are directly linked to the payment of compensation through the Revenue Department, the number of farmers&rsquo; suicides stagnated during the years 2006 to 2008. &lsquo;Safe Farmers Campaign&rsquo; (SFC), a consortium of eight, mostly Catholic, NGOs (including Shreyas), in 2007 began a large-scale investigation into farmers&rsquo; suicides that ran parallel to the state&rsquo;s efforts of enumeration and classification. Taking police reports of suicides as a starting point and following up all cases from 2000 to March 2008 they have come up with a total number of 1,690 farmers&rsquo; suicides (Kerala Social Service Forum 2009). That is nearly four times the figure of 435 officially recognised farmers&rsquo; suicides. The latter number is also the number of beneficiaries of the Chief Minister&rsquo;s (CM) relief fund <strong>@</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /><br />&bull; During the ten-year period spanning 1997 to 2006 as many as 1,66,304 farmers committed suicide in India<strong>*</strong><br /><br />&bull; Farm suicides have increased at annual compound growth rate of around 2.5 per cent per annum over the period 1997-2006<strong>*</strong><br /><br />&bull; Farmers, who committed suicides, were growing cash crops in dry regions such as: cotton (particularly in Maharashtra), sunflower, groundnut, and sugarcane (especially in Karnataka) <strong>**</strong><br /><br />&bull; Farm suicides took place in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Madhya Pradesh including Chhattisgarh<strong>*</strong><br /><br />&bull; Poor health conditions, family disputes over property, domestic problems, and heavy social burden of marrying daughters coupled with alcoholism have pushed farmers towards committing suicides<strong>**</strong></div><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>#</strong> National Crime Records Bureau,&nbsp;<a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/">http://ncrb.nic.in/</a></p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html</a><br /><br /><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html</a><br /><br /><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp</a></p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm">http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm</a></p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium"><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm">http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm</a> </span></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf</a><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf</a><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf</a><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><br /><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium"><strong>@</strong> Farmers&#39; suicides&nbsp; and the state in India: Conceptual and ethnographic notes from Wayanad, Kerala by Daniel M&uuml;nster, Contributions to Indian Sociology 2012 46: 181, </span><a href="http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181" title="http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181">http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>*</strong> Nagaraj, K (2008): Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns, Macroscan,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf" title="http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf">http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf</a>&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>**</strong> Hebber, Dr. Ritambhara (2007): &lsquo;Human Security and the Case of Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India: An Exploration&rsquo;, Centre for Development Studies, School of Social Sciences, TISS, Paper presented in a panel on Rethinking Development in a Conference on &lsquo;Mainstreaming Human Security- an Asian Perspective&rsquo; (October 3-4, 2007) organised by Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok</p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Presentations/Ritambhara.pdf" title="http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Presentations/Ritambhara.pdf">http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Pres<br />entations/Ritambhara.pdf</a></p><div style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">                                                                    <br>
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&bull; Suicide&nbsp;by&nbsp;self-employed&nbsp;persons&nbsp;in&nbsp;agriculture as a&nbsp;percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent..."/>
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&bull; Suicide&nbsp;by&nbsp;self-employed&nbsp;persons&nbsp;in&nbsp;agriculture as a&nbsp;percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent..." />
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=2#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2021-released-in-august-2022">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2021 (released in August, 2022)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=14#lsquohuman-security-and-the-case-of-farmersrsquo-suicides-in-india-an-explorationrsquo">&lsquo;Human Security and the Case of Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India: An Exploration&rsquo;</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=15#the-burden-of-farmersrsquo-debt">The Burden of Farmers&rsquo; Debt</a>
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                                                    <div>
                            <p style="text-align:justify">KEY TRENDS</p><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">&bull; Suicide&nbsp;by&nbsp;self-employed&nbsp;persons&nbsp;in&nbsp;agriculture as a&nbsp;percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent in 2012 and 8.73 percent in 2013. Suicides committed in the farming sector (by farmers plus agricultural labourers) as a proportion of total suicides in India was 9.4 percent in 2014, 9.43 percent in 2015, 8.7 percent in 2016, 8.2 percent in 2017, 7.69 percent in 2018,&nbsp;7.4 percent in 2019, 7.0 percent in 2020, and 6.63 percent in 2021&nbsp;<strong>#</strong><br /><br />&bull; The total number of suicides committed by self-employed persons in agriculture in India was 13729 in 1996, 17971 in 2002, 17060 in 2006, 17368 in 2009, 15964 in 2010, 14027 in 2011, 13754 in 2012 and 11772 in 2013. The total number of suicides in the farming sector (committed by farmers/ cultivators plus agricultural labourers) was 12,360 in 2014, 12,602 in 2015, 11,379 in 2016, 10,655 in 2017, 10,349 in 2018, 10,281 in 2019, 10,677 in 2020, and 10,881 in 2021&nbsp;<strong>#</strong>&nbsp;<br /><br />&bull; Due to drop in world market prices for cash-crops (such as coffee, pepper, vanilla) during late 1990s, failure of ginger cultivation in neighbouring Kodagu (formerly Coorg) district and ecological crisis owing to overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides so as to combat productivity failure, many farmers and neo-farmers were left with heavy debts. When, eventually the recovery notices of the banks arrived, hundreds of farmers, especially marginal landholders with up to two acres of land, drank pesticides and killed themselves <strong>@</strong><br /><br />&bull; In Wayanad, since suicide statistics are directly linked to the payment of compensation through the Revenue Department, the number of farmers&rsquo; suicides stagnated during the years 2006 to 2008. &lsquo;Safe Farmers Campaign&rsquo; (SFC), a consortium of eight, mostly Catholic, NGOs (including Shreyas), in 2007 began a large-scale investigation into farmers&rsquo; suicides that ran parallel to the state&rsquo;s efforts of enumeration and classification. Taking police reports of suicides as a starting point and following up all cases from 2000 to March 2008 they have come up with a total number of 1,690 farmers&rsquo; suicides (Kerala Social Service Forum 2009). That is nearly four times the figure of 435 officially recognised farmers&rsquo; suicides. The latter number is also the number of beneficiaries of the Chief Minister&rsquo;s (CM) relief fund <strong>@</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /><br />&bull; During the ten-year period spanning 1997 to 2006 as many as 1,66,304 farmers committed suicide in India<strong>*</strong><br /><br />&bull; Farm suicides have increased at annual compound growth rate of around 2.5 per cent per annum over the period 1997-2006<strong>*</strong><br /><br />&bull; Farmers, who committed suicides, were growing cash crops in dry regions such as: cotton (particularly in Maharashtra), sunflower, groundnut, and sugarcane (especially in Karnataka) <strong>**</strong><br /><br />&bull; Farm suicides took place in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Madhya Pradesh including Chhattisgarh<strong>*</strong><br /><br />&bull; Poor health conditions, family disputes over property, domestic problems, and heavy social burden of marrying daughters coupled with alcoholism have pushed farmers towards committing suicides<strong>**</strong></div><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>#</strong> National Crime Records Bureau,&nbsp;<a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/">http://ncrb.nic.in/</a></p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html</a><br /><br /><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html</a><br /><br /><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp</a></p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm">http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm</a></p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium"><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm">http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm</a> </span></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf</a><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf</a><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf</a><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><br /><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium"><strong>@</strong> Farmers&#39; suicides&nbsp; and the state in India: Conceptual and ethnographic notes from Wayanad, Kerala by Daniel M&uuml;nster, Contributions to Indian Sociology 2012 46: 181, </span><a href="http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181" title="http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181">http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>*</strong> Nagaraj, K (2008): Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns, Macroscan,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf" title="http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf">http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf</a>&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>**</strong> Hebber, Dr. Ritambhara (2007): &lsquo;Human Security and the Case of Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India: An Exploration&rsquo;, Centre for Development Studies, School of Social Sciences, TISS, Paper presented in a panel on Rethinking Development in a Conference on &lsquo;Mainstreaming Human Security- an Asian Perspective&rsquo; (October 3-4, 2007) organised by Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok</p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Presentations/Ritambhara.pdf" title="http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Presentations/Ritambhara.pdf">http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Pres<br />entations/Ritambhara.pdf</a></p><div style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">                                                                    <br>
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        Farm Crisis | Farm Suicides    </title>
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&bull; Suicide&nbsp;by&nbsp;self-employed&nbsp;persons&nbsp;in&nbsp;agriculture as a&nbsp;percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent..."/>
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&bull; Suicide&nbsp;by&nbsp;self-employed&nbsp;persons&nbsp;in&nbsp;agriculture as a&nbsp;percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent..." />
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
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                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=2#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2021-released-in-august-2022">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2021 (released in August, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=3#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2020-released-in-october-2021">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2020 (released in October, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=4#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2019-released-in-september-2020">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2019 (released in September, 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=5#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2018-released-in-january-2020">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2018 (released in January, 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=6#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2017-released-in-january-2020">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2017 (released in January, 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=7#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2016-released-in-november-2019">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2016 (released in November, 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=8#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2015-released-in-2016">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2015 (released in 2016)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=9#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2014-released-in-2015">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India 2014 (released in 2015)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=10#accidental-deaths-and-suicides-in-india-2013-released-in-2014">Accidental Deaths and Suicides in India 2013 (released in 2014)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=11#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2012">Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India-2012</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=14#farmersrsquo-suicides-in-india-magnitudes-trends-and-spatial-patterns-1997-2012-by-k-nagaraj-p-sainath-r-rukmani-and-r-gopinath">Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India: Magnitudes, Trends, and Spatial Patterns, 1997-2012 by K Nagaraj, P Sainath, R Rukmani and R Gopinath</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=14#lsquohuman-security-and-the-case-of-farmersrsquo-suicides-in-india-an-explorationrsquo">&lsquo;Human Security and the Case of Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India: An Exploration&rsquo;</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=15#the-burden-of-farmersrsquo-debt">The Burden of Farmers&rsquo; Debt</a>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">KEY TRENDS</p><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">&bull; Suicide&nbsp;by&nbsp;self-employed&nbsp;persons&nbsp;in&nbsp;agriculture as a&nbsp;percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent in 2012 and 8.73 percent in 2013. Suicides committed in the farming sector (by farmers plus agricultural labourers) as a proportion of total suicides in India was 9.4 percent in 2014, 9.43 percent in 2015, 8.7 percent in 2016, 8.2 percent in 2017, 7.69 percent in 2018,&nbsp;7.4 percent in 2019, 7.0 percent in 2020, and 6.63 percent in 2021&nbsp;<strong>#</strong><br /><br />&bull; The total number of suicides committed by self-employed persons in agriculture in India was 13729 in 1996, 17971 in 2002, 17060 in 2006, 17368 in 2009, 15964 in 2010, 14027 in 2011, 13754 in 2012 and 11772 in 2013. The total number of suicides in the farming sector (committed by farmers/ cultivators plus agricultural labourers) was 12,360 in 2014, 12,602 in 2015, 11,379 in 2016, 10,655 in 2017, 10,349 in 2018, 10,281 in 2019, 10,677 in 2020, and 10,881 in 2021&nbsp;<strong>#</strong>&nbsp;<br /><br />&bull; Due to drop in world market prices for cash-crops (such as coffee, pepper, vanilla) during late 1990s, failure of ginger cultivation in neighbouring Kodagu (formerly Coorg) district and ecological crisis owing to overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides so as to combat productivity failure, many farmers and neo-farmers were left with heavy debts. When, eventually the recovery notices of the banks arrived, hundreds of farmers, especially marginal landholders with up to two acres of land, drank pesticides and killed themselves <strong>@</strong><br /><br />&bull; In Wayanad, since suicide statistics are directly linked to the payment of compensation through the Revenue Department, the number of farmers&rsquo; suicides stagnated during the years 2006 to 2008. &lsquo;Safe Farmers Campaign&rsquo; (SFC), a consortium of eight, mostly Catholic, NGOs (including Shreyas), in 2007 began a large-scale investigation into farmers&rsquo; suicides that ran parallel to the state&rsquo;s efforts of enumeration and classification. Taking police reports of suicides as a starting point and following up all cases from 2000 to March 2008 they have come up with a total number of 1,690 farmers&rsquo; suicides (Kerala Social Service Forum 2009). That is nearly four times the figure of 435 officially recognised farmers&rsquo; suicides. The latter number is also the number of beneficiaries of the Chief Minister&rsquo;s (CM) relief fund <strong>@</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /><br />&bull; During the ten-year period spanning 1997 to 2006 as many as 1,66,304 farmers committed suicide in India<strong>*</strong><br /><br />&bull; Farm suicides have increased at annual compound growth rate of around 2.5 per cent per annum over the period 1997-2006<strong>*</strong><br /><br />&bull; Farmers, who committed suicides, were growing cash crops in dry regions such as: cotton (particularly in Maharashtra), sunflower, groundnut, and sugarcane (especially in Karnataka) <strong>**</strong><br /><br />&bull; Farm suicides took place in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Madhya Pradesh including Chhattisgarh<strong>*</strong><br /><br />&bull; Poor health conditions, family disputes over property, domestic problems, and heavy social burden of marrying daughters coupled with alcoholism have pushed farmers towards committing suicides<strong>**</strong></div><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>#</strong> National Crime Records Bureau,&nbsp;<a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/">http://ncrb.nic.in/</a></p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html</a><br /><br /><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html</a><br /><br /><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp">http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp</a></p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm">http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm</a></p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium"><a href="http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm" title="http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm">http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm</a> </span></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf</a><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf</a><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf" title="http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf">http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf</a><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><br /><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium"><strong>@</strong> Farmers&#39; suicides&nbsp; and the state in India: Conceptual and ethnographic notes from Wayanad, Kerala by Daniel M&uuml;nster, Contributions to Indian Sociology 2012 46: 181, </span><a href="http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181" title="http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181">http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181</a></p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>*</strong> Nagaraj, K (2008): Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns, Macroscan,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf" title="http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf">http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf</a>&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>**</strong> Hebber, Dr. Ritambhara (2007): &lsquo;Human Security and the Case of Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India: An Exploration&rsquo;, Centre for Development Studies, School of Social Sciences, TISS, Paper presented in a panel on Rethinking Development in a Conference on &lsquo;Mainstreaming Human Security- an Asian Perspective&rsquo; (October 3-4, 2007) organised by Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok</p><p style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Presentations/Ritambhara.pdf" title="http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Presentations/Ritambhara.pdf">http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Pres<br />entations/Ritambhara.pdf</a></p><div style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">                                                                    <br>
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Home हिन्दी

Farm Suicides

What's Inside Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India 2021 (released in August, 2022) Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India 2020 (released in October, 2021) Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India 2019 (released in September, 2020) Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India 2018 (released in January, 2020) Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India 2017 (released in January, 2020) Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India 2016 (released in November, 2019) Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India 2015 (released in 2016) Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India 2014 (released in 2015) Accidental Deaths and Suicides in India 2013 (released in 2014) Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India-2012 More Farmers' suicides and the state in India: Conceptual and ethnographic notes from Wayanad, Kerala Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India-2011 Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India-2010 Accidental Death and Suicide (2009) Farmers Suicide: Facts and Possible Policy Interventions (2006) Farmers’ Suicide in India: Agrarian Crisis, Path of Development and Politics in Karnataka Farmers’ Suicides in India: Magnitudes, Trends, and Spatial Patterns, 1997-2012 by K Nagaraj, P Sainath, R Rukmani and R Gopinath Farmers’ Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns ‘Human Security and the Case of Farmers’ Suicides in India: An Exploration’ The Burden of Farmers’ Debt Causes of Farmer Suicides in Maharashtra: AN ENQUIRY, Final Report Submitted to the Mumbai High Court March 15, 2005 Less KEY TRENDS   • Suicide by self-employed persons in agriculture as a percentage of total suicides at the national level stood at 15.6 percent in 1996, 16.3 percent in 2002, 14.4 percent in 2006, 13.7 percent in 2009, 11.9 percent in 2010, 10.3 percent in 2011, 11.4 percent in 2012 and 8.73 percent in 2013. Suicides committed in the farming sector (by farmers plus agricultural labourers) as a proportion of total suicides in India was 9.4 percent in 2014, 9.43 percent in 2015, 8.7 percent in 2016, 8.2 percent in 2017, 7.69 percent in 2018, 7.4 percent in 2019, 7.0 percent in 2020, and 6.63 percent in 2021 # • The total number of suicides committed by self-employed persons in agriculture in India was 13729 in 1996, 17971 in 2002, 17060 in 2006, 17368 in 2009, 15964 in 2010, 14027 in 2011, 13754 in 2012 and 11772 in 2013. The total number of suicides in the farming sector (committed by farmers/ cultivators plus agricultural labourers) was 12,360 in 2014, 12,602 in 2015, 11,379 in 2016, 10,655 in 2017, 10,349 in 2018, 10,281 in 2019, 10,677 in 2020, and 10,881 in 2021 #  • Due to drop in world market prices for cash-crops (such as coffee, pepper, vanilla) during late 1990s, failure of ginger cultivation in neighbouring Kodagu (formerly Coorg) district and ecological crisis owing to overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides so as to combat productivity failure, many farmers and neo-farmers were left with heavy debts. When, eventually the recovery notices of the banks arrived, hundreds of farmers, especially marginal landholders with up to two acres of land, drank pesticides and killed themselves @ • In Wayanad, since suicide statistics are directly linked to the payment of compensation through the Revenue Department, the number of farmers’ suicides stagnated during the years 2006 to 2008. ‘Safe Farmers Campaign’ (SFC), a consortium of eight, mostly Catholic, NGOs (including Shreyas), in 2007 began a large-scale investigation into farmers’ suicides that ran parallel to the state’s efforts of enumeration and classification. Taking police reports of suicides as a starting point and following up all cases from 2000 to March 2008 they have come up with a total number of 1,690 farmers’ suicides (Kerala Social Service Forum 2009). That is nearly four times the figure of 435 officially recognised farmers’ suicides. The latter number is also the number of beneficiaries of the Chief Minister’s (CM) relief fund @    • During the ten-year period spanning 1997 to 2006 as many as 1,66,304 farmers committed suicide in India* • Farm suicides have increased at annual compound growth rate of around 2.5 per cent per annum over the period 1997-2006* • Farmers, who committed suicides, were growing cash crops in dry regions such as: cotton (particularly in Maharashtra), sunflower, groundnut, and sugarcane (especially in Karnataka) ** • Farm suicides took place in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Madhya Pradesh including Chhattisgarh* • Poor health conditions, family disputes over property, domestic problems, and heavy social burden of marrying daughters coupled with alcoholism have pushed farmers towards committing suicides**   # National Crime Records Bureau, http://ncrb.nic.in/   http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2018/ADSI2018.html http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2017/ADSI2017.html http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2016/ADSI2016.html http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/ADSI2015.asp   http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2014/ADSI2014.htm   http://ncrb.gov.in/adsi2013/adsi2013.htm http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2011/table-2.11.pdf http://ncrb.nic.in/ADSI2010/table-2.11.pdf  http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI2009/table-2.11.pdf  http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2006/Table-2.11.pdf http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI2002/atable%202.11.pdf http://ncrb.nic.in/adsi/data/ADSI1996/table-5s.pdf  @ Farmers' suicides  and the state in India: Conceptual and ethnographic notes from Wayanad, Kerala by Daniel Münster, Contributions to Indian Sociology 2012 46: 181, http://cis.sagepub.com/content/46/1-2/181 * Nagaraj, K (2008): Farmers’ Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns, Macroscan, http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf  ** Hebber, Dr. Ritambhara (2007): ‘Human Security and the Case of Farmers’ Suicides in India: An Exploration’, Centre for Development Studies, School of Social Sciences, TISS, Paper presented in a panel on Rethinking Development in a Conference on ‘Mainstreaming Human Security- an Asian Perspective’ (October 3-4, 2007) organised by Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok http://humansecurityconf.polsci.chula.ac.th/Documents/Pres entations/Ritambhara.pdf « previous123456789101112131415next »

 

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