Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">शिक्षा की परीक्षा में जवाबदेही का सवाल- अनुराग बेहर</h1>
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		 Published on</span><span class="text-date"> Mar 28, 2014</span>
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आम सोच यह है कि स्कूल व शिक्षक जवाबदेह नहीं हैं, इसलिए स्कूली शिक्षा की 
हालत खराब है। लेकिन यह मसला इतना परेशान करने वाला क्यों है? आइए, बात को 
&lsquo;जवाबदेही&rsquo; शब्द से ही शुरू करें और इसके इस्तेमाल को समझों। 
</p>
<p>
<br />
आज इस शब्द का सबसे अधिक इस्तेमाल कारोबारी दुनिया में होता है। इस तरह की 
सोच यांत्रिक प्रणालियों का नतीजा है, वहां पर लोगों को किसी चीज की 
जिम्मेदारी सौंपी जाती है और तब वे उसके नतीजे के लिए जवाबदेह होते हैं। 
हालांकि नतीजे इस पर निर्भर करते हैं कि संसाधनों की बाधाएं क्या हैं और 
माहौल की चुनौतियां कैसी हैं। कई बाहरी कारक भी होते हैं। सेल्समैन को 
बिक्री और कारोबार का लक्ष्य दिया जाता है। फैक्टरियां आउटपुट और गुणवत्ता 
तथा सीईओ कंपनी की कमाई के लिए जिम्मेदार होते हैं। इसी सोच का इस्तेमाल 
सामाजिक संस्थाओं के लिए करना बुनियादी समस्या है। अक्सर हम सोचते हैं कि 
संसद बेहतर भारत के निर्माण के लिए जवाबदेह है। यकीनन संसद इसके लिए 
उत्तरदायी है, पर अकेली नहीं।
</p>
<p>
 <br />
स्कूलों को सेवा-आपूर्ति तंत्र के रूप में देखने की गलती आसानी से हो सकती 
है। कई स्कूल तो बाकायदा व्यावसायिक तौर-तरीकों से ही चलते हैं। इसलिए यह 
लग सकता है कि इन्हें भी यांत्रिक मॉडल के तौर पर देखा जा सकता है। यही सोच
का बुनियादी दोष है। स्कूल हमारी बुनियादी सामाजिक संस्थाओं में अहम हैं। 
शिक्षा इंसानी संबंधों पर आधारित एक जटिल प्रक्रिया है, जिसमें व्यापक 
मानवीय, सामाजिक और लोकतांत्रिक उद्देश्य हैं। इसमें पढ़ाई के बुनियादी 
लक्ष्य भी हैं। ऐसे तंत्र में, क्या जवाबदेही पर बात करना असंभव नहीं? जब 
हम यांत्रिक जवाबदेही की सोच को खत्म कर देंगे, तब संभव है। स्कूली तंत्र 
में शिक्षकों व अन्यों के पास रचनात्मक व अच्छे कामों के लिए अहम जगह हैं, 
जो उन्हें जवाबदेही देती हैं। इसे ऐसे समझों कि स्कूली तंत्र के पास 
जवाबदेही का ताना-बाना है। इससे जुड़े लोगों की कई जिम्मेदारियां एक-दूसरे 
से जुड़ी हैं। एक संगठन के रूप में स्कूल प्रशासनिक व्यवस्थाओं के प्रति 
जवाबदेह हैं। शिक्षक स्कूल आने और शारीरिक दंड खत्म करने के प्रति जवाबदेह 
हैं। आसपास के समुदाय बेहतर परिवेश के लिए जिम्मेदार हैं। माता-पिता बच्चों
को स्कूल भेजने और स्कूल व घर के माहौल के बीच सामंजस्य बिठाने के प्रति 
जवाबदेह हैं। विशेषज्ञ ऐसे पाठय़क्रम बनाने के लिए उत्तरदायी हैं, जो सही और
सामाजिक आदर्शो के अनुकूल हों। शिक्षा तंत्र हमारे लिए शिक्षक बनाते हैं। 
जो परीक्षा लेते हैं, वे वास्तविक शिक्षा का आकलन करते हैं। उच्च प्रशासक 
सही माहौल देता है और पूरे तंत्र को प्रभावी बनाता है। स्कूली तंत्र को 
पूंजी व ढांचा प्रदान करने के लिए सरकार जिम्मेदार है। एक नहीं, बल्कि कई 
समूह जिम्मेदार हैं। इसलिए&nbsp; शिक्षा में जवाबदेही के बारे में सोच का कोई 
आसान तरीका नहीं।<br />
<strong>(ये लेखक के अपने विचार हैं)</strong>
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value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80-30.html">&nbsp;बेरोजगारी  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F/%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80-18.html">&nbsp;घटती आमदनी  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8-34.html">&nbsp;पलायन (माइग्रेशन)  </option><option 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आम सोच यह है कि स्कूल व शिक्षक जवाबदेह नहीं हैं, इसलिए स्कूली शिक्षा की 
हालत खराब है। लेकिन यह मसला इतना परेशान करने वाला क्यों है? आइए, बात को 
&lsquo;जवाबदेही&rsquo; शब्द से ही शुरू करें और इसके इस्तेमाल को समझों। 
</p>
<p>
<br />
आज इस शब्द का सबसे अधिक इस्तेमाल कारोबारी दुनिया में होता है। इस तरह की 
सोच यांत्रिक प्रणालियों का नतीजा है, वहां पर लोगों को किसी चीज की 
जिम्मेदारी सौंपी जाती है और तब वे उसके नतीजे के लिए जवाबदेह होते हैं। 
हालांकि नतीजे इस पर निर्भर करते हैं कि संसाधनों की बाधाएं क्या हैं और 
माहौल की चुनौतियां कैसी हैं। कई बाहरी कारक भी होते हैं। सेल्समैन को 
बिक्री और कारोबार का लक्ष्य दिया जाता है। फैक्टरियां आउटपुट और गुणवत्ता 
तथा सीईओ कंपनी की कमाई के लिए जिम्मेदार होते हैं। इसी सोच का इस्तेमाल 
सामाजिक संस्थाओं के लिए करना बुनियादी समस्या है। अक्सर हम सोचते हैं कि 
संसद बेहतर भारत के निर्माण के लिए जवाबदेह है। यकीनन संसद इसके लिए 
उत्तरदायी है, पर अकेली नहीं।
</p>
<p>
 <br />
स्कूलों को सेवा-आपूर्ति तंत्र के रूप में देखने की गलती आसानी से हो सकती 
है। कई स्कूल तो बाकायदा व्यावसायिक तौर-तरीकों से ही चलते हैं। इसलिए यह 
लग सकता है कि इन्हें भी यांत्रिक मॉडल के तौर पर देखा जा सकता है। यही सोच
का बुनियादी दोष है। स्कूल हमारी बुनियादी सामाजिक संस्थाओं में अहम हैं। 
शिक्षा इंसानी संबंधों पर आधारित एक जटिल प्रक्रिया है, जिसमें व्यापक 
मानवीय, सामाजिक और लोकतांत्रिक उद्देश्य हैं। इसमें पढ़ाई के बुनियादी 
लक्ष्य भी हैं। ऐसे तंत्र में, क्या जवाबदेही पर बात करना असंभव नहीं? जब 
हम यांत्रिक जवाबदेही की सोच को खत्म कर देंगे, तब संभव है। स्कूली तंत्र 
में शिक्षकों व अन्यों के पास रचनात्मक व अच्छे कामों के लिए अहम जगह हैं, 
जो उन्हें जवाबदेही देती हैं। इसे ऐसे समझों कि स्कूली तंत्र के पास 
जवाबदेही का ताना-बाना है। इससे जुड़े लोगों की कई जिम्मेदारियां एक-दूसरे 
से जुड़ी हैं। एक संगठन के रूप में स्कूल प्रशासनिक व्यवस्थाओं के प्रति 
जवाबदेह हैं। शिक्षक स्कूल आने और शारीरिक दंड खत्म करने के प्रति जवाबदेह 
हैं। आसपास के समुदाय बेहतर परिवेश के लिए जिम्मेदार हैं। माता-पिता बच्चों
को स्कूल भेजने और स्कूल व घर के माहौल के बीच सामंजस्य बिठाने के प्रति 
जवाबदेह हैं। विशेषज्ञ ऐसे पाठय़क्रम बनाने के लिए उत्तरदायी हैं, जो सही और
सामाजिक आदर्शो के अनुकूल हों। शिक्षा तंत्र हमारे लिए शिक्षक बनाते हैं। 
जो परीक्षा लेते हैं, वे वास्तविक शिक्षा का आकलन करते हैं। उच्च प्रशासक 
सही माहौल देता है और पूरे तंत्र को प्रभावी बनाता है। स्कूली तंत्र को 
पूंजी व ढांचा प्रदान करने के लिए सरकार जिम्मेदार है। एक नहीं, बल्कि कई 
समूह जिम्मेदार हैं। इसलिए&nbsp; शिक्षा में जवाबदेही के बारे में सोच का कोई 
आसान तरीका नहीं।<br />
<strong>(ये लेखक के अपने विचार हैं)</strong>
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आम सोच यह है कि स्कूल व शिक्षक जवाबदेह नहीं हैं, इसलिए स्कूली शिक्षा की 
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    </ul><select id="main-menu-mob"><option value="#">Go to...</option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/">&nbsp;Home</option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/links-64#">&nbsp;KNOWLEDGE GATEWAY    </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82-%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5-72.html">&nbsp;आंकड़ों में गांव  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F-70.html">&nbsp;खेतिहर संकट  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80-30.html">&nbsp;बेरोजगारी  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F/%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80-18.html">&nbsp;घटती आमदनी  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8-34.html">&nbsp;पलायन (माइग्रेशन)  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7-%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8-71.html">&nbsp;शोध और विकास  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0-2852.html">&nbsp;जेंडर  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8-2851.html">&nbsp;विस्थापन  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-59.html">&nbsp;भोजन का अधिकार  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE-39.html">&nbsp;नरेगा  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F-48.html">&nbsp;सोशल ऑडिट  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-58.html">&nbsp;सूचना का अधिकार  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-60.html">&nbsp;शिक्षा का अधिकार  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-61.html">&nbsp;वनाधिकार  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2-73.html">&nbsp;अन्य नीतिगत पहल  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8-40.html">&nbsp;भुखमरी-एक आकलन  </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3-41.html">&nbsp;कुपोषण  </option><option 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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">शिक्षा की परीक्षा में जवाबदेही का सवाल- अनुराग बेहर</h1>
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		 Published on</span><span class="text-date"> Mar 28, 2014</span>
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आम सोच यह है कि स्कूल व शिक्षक जवाबदेह नहीं हैं, इसलिए स्कूली शिक्षा की 
हालत खराब है। लेकिन यह मसला इतना परेशान करने वाला क्यों है? आइए, बात को 
&lsquo;जवाबदेही&rsquo; शब्द से ही शुरू करें और इसके इस्तेमाल को समझों। 
</p>
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<br />
आज इस शब्द का सबसे अधिक इस्तेमाल कारोबारी दुनिया में होता है। इस तरह की 
सोच यांत्रिक प्रणालियों का नतीजा है, वहां पर लोगों को किसी चीज की 
जिम्मेदारी सौंपी जाती है और तब वे उसके नतीजे के लिए जवाबदेह होते हैं। 
हालांकि नतीजे इस पर निर्भर करते हैं कि संसाधनों की बाधाएं क्या हैं और 
माहौल की चुनौतियां कैसी हैं। कई बाहरी कारक भी होते हैं। सेल्समैन को 
बिक्री और कारोबार का लक्ष्य दिया जाता है। फैक्टरियां आउटपुट और गुणवत्ता 
तथा सीईओ कंपनी की कमाई के लिए जिम्मेदार होते हैं। इसी सोच का इस्तेमाल 
सामाजिक संस्थाओं के लिए करना बुनियादी समस्या है। अक्सर हम सोचते हैं कि 
संसद बेहतर भारत के निर्माण के लिए जवाबदेह है। यकीनन संसद इसके लिए 
उत्तरदायी है, पर अकेली नहीं।
</p>
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 <br />
स्कूलों को सेवा-आपूर्ति तंत्र के रूप में देखने की गलती आसानी से हो सकती 
है। कई स्कूल तो बाकायदा व्यावसायिक तौर-तरीकों से ही चलते हैं। इसलिए यह 
लग सकता है कि इन्हें भी यांत्रिक मॉडल के तौर पर देखा जा सकता है। यही सोच
का बुनियादी दोष है। स्कूल हमारी बुनियादी सामाजिक संस्थाओं में अहम हैं। 
शिक्षा इंसानी संबंधों पर आधारित एक जटिल प्रक्रिया है, जिसमें व्यापक 
मानवीय, सामाजिक और लोकतांत्रिक उद्देश्य हैं। इसमें पढ़ाई के बुनियादी 
लक्ष्य भी हैं। ऐसे तंत्र में, क्या जवाबदेही पर बात करना असंभव नहीं? जब 
हम यांत्रिक जवाबदेही की सोच को खत्म कर देंगे, तब संभव है। स्कूली तंत्र 
में शिक्षकों व अन्यों के पास रचनात्मक व अच्छे कामों के लिए अहम जगह हैं, 
जो उन्हें जवाबदेही देती हैं। इसे ऐसे समझों कि स्कूली तंत्र के पास 
जवाबदेही का ताना-बाना है। इससे जुड़े लोगों की कई जिम्मेदारियां एक-दूसरे 
से जुड़ी हैं। एक संगठन के रूप में स्कूल प्रशासनिक व्यवस्थाओं के प्रति 
जवाबदेह हैं। शिक्षक स्कूल आने और शारीरिक दंड खत्म करने के प्रति जवाबदेह 
हैं। आसपास के समुदाय बेहतर परिवेश के लिए जिम्मेदार हैं। माता-पिता बच्चों
को स्कूल भेजने और स्कूल व घर के माहौल के बीच सामंजस्य बिठाने के प्रति 
जवाबदेह हैं। विशेषज्ञ ऐसे पाठय़क्रम बनाने के लिए उत्तरदायी हैं, जो सही और
सामाजिक आदर्शो के अनुकूल हों। शिक्षा तंत्र हमारे लिए शिक्षक बनाते हैं। 
जो परीक्षा लेते हैं, वे वास्तविक शिक्षा का आकलन करते हैं। उच्च प्रशासक 
सही माहौल देता है और पूरे तंत्र को प्रभावी बनाता है। स्कूली तंत्र को 
पूंजी व ढांचा प्रदान करने के लिए सरकार जिम्मेदार है। एक नहीं, बल्कि कई 
समूह जिम्मेदार हैं। इसलिए&nbsp; शिक्षा में जवाबदेही के बारे में सोच का कोई 
आसान तरीका नहीं।<br />
<strong>(ये लेखक के अपने विचार हैं)</strong>
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शिक्षा की परीक्षा में जवाबदेही का सवाल- अनुराग बेहर

Published on Mar 28, 2014   Modified on Mar 28, 2014

आम सोच यह है कि स्कूल व शिक्षक जवाबदेह नहीं हैं, इसलिए स्कूली शिक्षा की हालत खराब है। लेकिन यह मसला इतना परेशान करने वाला क्यों है? आइए, बात को ‘जवाबदेही’ शब्द से ही शुरू करें और इसके इस्तेमाल को समझों। आज इस शब्द का सबसे अधिक इस्तेमाल कारोबारी दुनिया में होता है। इस तरह की सोच यांत्रिक प्रणालियों का नतीजा है, वहां पर लोगों को किसी चीज की जिम्मेदारी सौंपी जाती है और तब वे उसके नतीजे के लिए जवाबदेह होते हैं। हालांकि नतीजे इस पर निर्भर करते हैं कि संसाधनों की बाधाएं क्या हैं और माहौल की चुनौतियां कैसी हैं। कई बाहरी कारक भी होते हैं। सेल्समैन को बिक्री और कारोबार का लक्ष्य दिया जाता है। फैक्टरियां आउटपुट और गुणवत्ता तथा सीईओ कंपनी की कमाई के लिए जिम्मेदार होते हैं। इसी सोच का इस्तेमाल सामाजिक संस्थाओं के लिए करना बुनियादी समस्या है। अक्सर हम सोचते हैं कि संसद बेहतर भारत के निर्माण के लिए जवाबदेह है। यकीनन संसद इसके लिए उत्तरदायी है, पर अकेली नहीं। स्कूलों को सेवा-आपूर्ति तंत्र के रूप में देखने की गलती आसानी से हो सकती है। कई स्कूल तो बाकायदा व्यावसायिक तौर-तरीकों से ही चलते हैं। इसलिए यह लग सकता है कि इन्हें भी यांत्रिक मॉडल के तौर पर देखा जा सकता है। यही सोच का बुनियादी दोष है। स्कूल हमारी बुनियादी सामाजिक संस्थाओं में अहम हैं। शिक्षा इंसानी संबंधों पर आधारित एक जटिल प्रक्रिया है, जिसमें व्यापक मानवीय, सामाजिक और लोकतांत्रिक उद्देश्य हैं। इसमें पढ़ाई के बुनियादी लक्ष्य भी हैं। ऐसे तंत्र में, क्या जवाबदेही पर बात करना असंभव नहीं? जब हम यांत्रिक जवाबदेही की सोच को खत्म कर देंगे, तब संभव है। स्कूली तंत्र में शिक्षकों व अन्यों के पास रचनात्मक व अच्छे कामों के लिए अहम जगह हैं, जो उन्हें जवाबदेही देती हैं। इसे ऐसे समझों कि स्कूली तंत्र के पास जवाबदेही का ताना-बाना है। इससे जुड़े लोगों की कई जिम्मेदारियां एक-दूसरे से जुड़ी हैं। एक संगठन के रूप में स्कूल प्रशासनिक व्यवस्थाओं के प्रति जवाबदेह हैं। शिक्षक स्कूल आने और शारीरिक दंड खत्म करने के प्रति जवाबदेह हैं। आसपास के समुदाय बेहतर परिवेश के लिए जिम्मेदार हैं। माता-पिता बच्चों को स्कूल भेजने और स्कूल व घर के माहौल के बीच सामंजस्य बिठाने के प्रति जवाबदेह हैं। विशेषज्ञ ऐसे पाठय़क्रम बनाने के लिए उत्तरदायी हैं, जो सही और सामाजिक आदर्शो के अनुकूल हों। शिक्षा तंत्र हमारे लिए शिक्षक बनाते हैं। जो परीक्षा लेते हैं, वे वास्तविक शिक्षा का आकलन करते हैं। उच्च प्रशासक सही माहौल देता है और पूरे तंत्र को प्रभावी बनाता है। स्कूली तंत्र को पूंजी व ढांचा प्रदान करने के लिए सरकार जिम्मेदार है। एक नहीं, बल्कि कई समूह जिम्मेदार हैं। इसलिए  शिक्षा में जवाबदेही के बारे में सोच का कोई आसान तरीका नहीं। (ये लेखक के अपने विचार हैं)

http://www.livehindustan.com/news/editorial/guestcolumn/article1-story-57-62-411381.html

Tagged with: शिक्षा गुणवत्ता शिक्षा गुणवत्ता

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