Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

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        Interviews | Jagdish N Bhagwati, professor of economics and law at Columbia University interviewed by The Economic Times    </title>
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-The Economic Times



The World Trade Organisation (WTO) has honoured renowned economist and globalisation buff Jagdish N Bhagwati by inducting him into its Hall of Fame. The professor of economics and law at Columbia University, Bhagwati is the author of books..."/>
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-The Economic Times



The World Trade Organisation (WTO) has honoured renowned economist and globalisation buff Jagdish N Bhagwati by inducting him into its Hall of Fame. The professor of economics and law at Columbia University, Bhagwati is the author of books..." />
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Jagdish N Bhagwati, professor of economics and law at Columbia University interviewed by The Economic Times</h1>
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                            <div align="justify">-The Economic Times</div><p align="justify"><br />The World Trade Organisation (WTO) has honoured renowned economist and globalisation buff Jagdish N Bhagwati by inducting him into its Hall of Fame. The professor of economics and law at Columbia University, Bhagwati is the author of books as seminal as 'In Defence of Globalisation' and 'The Wind of the Hundred Days: How Washington Mismanaged Globalisation'. He spoke to ET about his decades-long campaign for trade liberalisation, his work and his long-standing rivalry with Nobel-Prize winning economist Amartya Sen, among other issues. Edited excerpts:</p><p align="justify"><em>* You have been a staunch critic of Professor Amartya Sen's &quot;pro-poor&quot; statements and economics. Are you piqued that he refuses to engage in a debate with you?</em></p><p align="justify">Of course, I have not been against &quot;pro-poor&quot; policies. From my first job in the Indian Planning Commission in the early 1960s, I have been working on how to reduce poverty. What I have objected to are the specific anti-poverty policies that Professor Sen has backed, in one way or another. Those policies, as I and professor Panagariya in our book 'India's Tryst with Destiny', have demonstrated, actually increased poverty! You must ask Professor Sen, not me, why he will not engage in a debate with me, even though he has been invited to do so by others. After all, he is the one who used the phrase &quot;argumentative Indian&quot; to describe Indians (a phrase I originated but used differently almost two decades earlier to explain how we argued, like the French, with the United States which led to tensions because the US gave us aid while we were snotty when dealing with USAID). No, we either lie prostrate at the feet of Bhagwatis and Sens; or we engage in unseemly confrontations (I once remarked that we Indians are so ingenious that we multiply by dividing).</p><p align="justify">It is the young Indians who will now force us into true &quot;argumentation&quot;: they have little patience for people who hide behind their laurels. So, when in a recent NDTV panel, Professor Sen spoke haughtily to Professor Panagariya, 20 years his junior, that he lived in New York and did not understand India, Panagariya quietly shot back that Sen lived in Cambridge and that Panagariya visited India as frequently as Sen did! Panagariya was flooded with complimentary emails saying he was a hero in slaying Sen! But Sen is not the only one who avoids debating with his peers. This is true also of my Columbia University colleague Joseph Stiglitz. He challenged in Outlook magazine last year the retail sector reform which I and Professor Rajeev Kohli had supported in an extensive paper. So, the Columbia students wanted a debate between us. They are still waiting for an answer!</p><p align="justify"><em>* How do you rate your own role in campaigning for opening up of the Indian economy? Who are the prime ministers before Narasimha Rao with whom you have argued for liberalisation?</em></p><p align="justify">It is not for me to applaud my successful efforts at opening the Indian economy: many, including the noted economist Deena Khatkhate and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh have written generously about my contribution. As for other prime ministers, I particularly remember arguing for trade liberalisation and devaluation in 1966 before Indira Gandhi. I recollect that she was shy while her minister C Subramanian carried on a dialogue with me! I was only 32 years old and a nervous novice! No longer, of course.</p><p align="justify"><em>* How do you react to Oxfam's view that free trade robs poor people of a proper living?</em></p><p align="justify">Oxfam is totally wrong on trade issues. Once, I teased their spokesman, Jeremy Hobbes, by saying that he must be a schizophrenic: one day, he must think he was Jeremy Bentham, and the next day that he was Hobbes! A good man, he was out of his depth. NGOs, expanding into areas where they have no competence, do harm, not good. They confuse ignorance with originality. And this is particularly true of huge NGOs like Oxfam which are &quot;too big to succeed&quot; and use their enormous financial capital to drown out informed voices that can only bring human capital to the contest.</p><p align="justify"><em>* How do you feel about being inducted into the WTO Hall of Fame?</em></p><p align="justify">In so honouring professor John Jackson, the distinguished lawyer, and myself, the WTO is recognising our many contributions to the scientific analysis of multilateral free trade over more than two decades, and in particular the dedication and effectiveness of our work on several committees of the GATT and its successor, the WTO, and our public policy defence of these institutions which have often been under threat. Among those who are no more, the only comparable figure in trade law is the late Professor Robert Hudec of Minnesota; and in economics, Professor Paul Samuelson whose writings dominated trade theory for decades, Professor Gottfried Haberler, also a great figure in trade theory and also chairman of a major GATT committee, and Professor Robert Baldwin, a mighty defender of freer trade and also member of WTO expert groups. Among those who are alive, I would love to have WTO honour my most eminent student, Professor Paul Krugman.</p><p align="justify">His scientific and policy work on international trade has been profound and I admire him even if I often disagree with him. By contrast, there are economist scholars who have not written anything of scholarly value on free trade, and who have done absolutely nothing for GATT or WTO either! In fact, they have simultaneously pandered to anti-openness and to the rubbish that ill-informed NGOs like Oxfam have levelled against the world trading system. Maybe there ought to be a contrasting Hall of Shame, devoted to such people!</p><p align="justify"><em>* What is the full scope of your contributions to the theory and policy of freer trade?</em></p><p align="justify">My own evolution as a trade scholar and a proponent of openness to trade was two-sided. First, in regard to policy changes I was deeply involved (with colleagues such as Padma Desai and T N Srinivasan) in proposing reforms in India that included reversing the excessive and crippling reliance on autarky (i.e. inward-looking policies). In turn, I also was in two major projects (at the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development and the National Bureau of Economic Research), with several country studies, that extended such analysis to several other countries. Needless to say, these efforts helped to demolish the protectionism that was otherwise rampant in India and in several other developing countries. Second, I moved on to thinking and writing about the world trading system.</p><p align="justify">This evolution was accelerated when I became economic policy adviser to GATT director-general Arthur Dunkel (1991-1883), and then a member of successive expert groups at the WTO and UNCTAD, and to UN. I also decided early on that if I was to influence public policy, I had to write for the public as well. Hence I engaged in public policy debates with every opponent of the multilateral free trade regime: Ralph Nader, Naomi Klein and many others. In my view, only such debates can inform the public and improve public policy. </p><p align="justify"><em>The Economic Times, 3 June, 2013, <a href="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-jagdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms" title="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-jagdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms">http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask<br />-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-ja<br />gdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms</a></em> </p><p align="justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: The Economic Times</strong> </p>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-jagdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms" class="re" target="_blank">The Economic Times, 3 June, 2013, http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-jagdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms</a><div class="clear"></div>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Jagdish N Bhagwati, professor of economics and law at Columbia University interviewed by The Economic Times</h1>
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                            <div align="justify">-The Economic Times</div><p align="justify"><br />The World Trade Organisation (WTO) has honoured renowned economist and globalisation buff Jagdish N Bhagwati by inducting him into its Hall of Fame. The professor of economics and law at Columbia University, Bhagwati is the author of books as seminal as 'In Defence of Globalisation' and 'The Wind of the Hundred Days: How Washington Mismanaged Globalisation'. He spoke to ET about his decades-long campaign for trade liberalisation, his work and his long-standing rivalry with Nobel-Prize winning economist Amartya Sen, among other issues. Edited excerpts:</p><p align="justify"><em>* You have been a staunch critic of Professor Amartya Sen's &quot;pro-poor&quot; statements and economics. Are you piqued that he refuses to engage in a debate with you?</em></p><p align="justify">Of course, I have not been against &quot;pro-poor&quot; policies. From my first job in the Indian Planning Commission in the early 1960s, I have been working on how to reduce poverty. What I have objected to are the specific anti-poverty policies that Professor Sen has backed, in one way or another. Those policies, as I and professor Panagariya in our book 'India's Tryst with Destiny', have demonstrated, actually increased poverty! You must ask Professor Sen, not me, why he will not engage in a debate with me, even though he has been invited to do so by others. After all, he is the one who used the phrase &quot;argumentative Indian&quot; to describe Indians (a phrase I originated but used differently almost two decades earlier to explain how we argued, like the French, with the United States which led to tensions because the US gave us aid while we were snotty when dealing with USAID). No, we either lie prostrate at the feet of Bhagwatis and Sens; or we engage in unseemly confrontations (I once remarked that we Indians are so ingenious that we multiply by dividing).</p><p align="justify">It is the young Indians who will now force us into true &quot;argumentation&quot;: they have little patience for people who hide behind their laurels. So, when in a recent NDTV panel, Professor Sen spoke haughtily to Professor Panagariya, 20 years his junior, that he lived in New York and did not understand India, Panagariya quietly shot back that Sen lived in Cambridge and that Panagariya visited India as frequently as Sen did! Panagariya was flooded with complimentary emails saying he was a hero in slaying Sen! But Sen is not the only one who avoids debating with his peers. This is true also of my Columbia University colleague Joseph Stiglitz. He challenged in Outlook magazine last year the retail sector reform which I and Professor Rajeev Kohli had supported in an extensive paper. So, the Columbia students wanted a debate between us. They are still waiting for an answer!</p><p align="justify"><em>* How do you rate your own role in campaigning for opening up of the Indian economy? Who are the prime ministers before Narasimha Rao with whom you have argued for liberalisation?</em></p><p align="justify">It is not for me to applaud my successful efforts at opening the Indian economy: many, including the noted economist Deena Khatkhate and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh have written generously about my contribution. As for other prime ministers, I particularly remember arguing for trade liberalisation and devaluation in 1966 before Indira Gandhi. I recollect that she was shy while her minister C Subramanian carried on a dialogue with me! I was only 32 years old and a nervous novice! No longer, of course.</p><p align="justify"><em>* How do you react to Oxfam's view that free trade robs poor people of a proper living?</em></p><p align="justify">Oxfam is totally wrong on trade issues. Once, I teased their spokesman, Jeremy Hobbes, by saying that he must be a schizophrenic: one day, he must think he was Jeremy Bentham, and the next day that he was Hobbes! A good man, he was out of his depth. NGOs, expanding into areas where they have no competence, do harm, not good. They confuse ignorance with originality. And this is particularly true of huge NGOs like Oxfam which are &quot;too big to succeed&quot; and use their enormous financial capital to drown out informed voices that can only bring human capital to the contest.</p><p align="justify"><em>* How do you feel about being inducted into the WTO Hall of Fame?</em></p><p align="justify">In so honouring professor John Jackson, the distinguished lawyer, and myself, the WTO is recognising our many contributions to the scientific analysis of multilateral free trade over more than two decades, and in particular the dedication and effectiveness of our work on several committees of the GATT and its successor, the WTO, and our public policy defence of these institutions which have often been under threat. Among those who are no more, the only comparable figure in trade law is the late Professor Robert Hudec of Minnesota; and in economics, Professor Paul Samuelson whose writings dominated trade theory for decades, Professor Gottfried Haberler, also a great figure in trade theory and also chairman of a major GATT committee, and Professor Robert Baldwin, a mighty defender of freer trade and also member of WTO expert groups. Among those who are alive, I would love to have WTO honour my most eminent student, Professor Paul Krugman.</p><p align="justify">His scientific and policy work on international trade has been profound and I admire him even if I often disagree with him. By contrast, there are economist scholars who have not written anything of scholarly value on free trade, and who have done absolutely nothing for GATT or WTO either! In fact, they have simultaneously pandered to anti-openness and to the rubbish that ill-informed NGOs like Oxfam have levelled against the world trading system. Maybe there ought to be a contrasting Hall of Shame, devoted to such people!</p><p align="justify"><em>* What is the full scope of your contributions to the theory and policy of freer trade?</em></p><p align="justify">My own evolution as a trade scholar and a proponent of openness to trade was two-sided. First, in regard to policy changes I was deeply involved (with colleagues such as Padma Desai and T N Srinivasan) in proposing reforms in India that included reversing the excessive and crippling reliance on autarky (i.e. inward-looking policies). In turn, I also was in two major projects (at the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development and the National Bureau of Economic Research), with several country studies, that extended such analysis to several other countries. Needless to say, these efforts helped to demolish the protectionism that was otherwise rampant in India and in several other developing countries. Second, I moved on to thinking and writing about the world trading system.</p><p align="justify">This evolution was accelerated when I became economic policy adviser to GATT director-general Arthur Dunkel (1991-1883), and then a member of successive expert groups at the WTO and UNCTAD, and to UN. I also decided early on that if I was to influence public policy, I had to write for the public as well. Hence I engaged in public policy debates with every opponent of the multilateral free trade regime: Ralph Nader, Naomi Klein and many others. In my view, only such debates can inform the public and improve public policy. </p><p align="justify"><em>The Economic Times, 3 June, 2013, <a href="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-jagdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms" title="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-jagdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms">http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask<br />-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-ja<br />gdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms</a></em> </p><p align="justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: The Economic Times</strong> </p>                                                           
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                            <div align="justify">-The Economic Times</div><p align="justify"><br />The World Trade Organisation (WTO) has honoured renowned economist and globalisation buff Jagdish N Bhagwati by inducting him into its Hall of Fame. The professor of economics and law at Columbia University, Bhagwati is the author of books as seminal as 'In Defence of Globalisation' and 'The Wind of the Hundred Days: How Washington Mismanaged Globalisation'. He spoke to ET about his decades-long campaign for trade liberalisation, his work and his long-standing rivalry with Nobel-Prize winning economist Amartya Sen, among other issues. Edited excerpts:</p><p align="justify"><em>* You have been a staunch critic of Professor Amartya Sen's &quot;pro-poor&quot; statements and economics. Are you piqued that he refuses to engage in a debate with you?</em></p><p align="justify">Of course, I have not been against &quot;pro-poor&quot; policies. From my first job in the Indian Planning Commission in the early 1960s, I have been working on how to reduce poverty. What I have objected to are the specific anti-poverty policies that Professor Sen has backed, in one way or another. Those policies, as I and professor Panagariya in our book 'India's Tryst with Destiny', have demonstrated, actually increased poverty! You must ask Professor Sen, not me, why he will not engage in a debate with me, even though he has been invited to do so by others. After all, he is the one who used the phrase &quot;argumentative Indian&quot; to describe Indians (a phrase I originated but used differently almost two decades earlier to explain how we argued, like the French, with the United States which led to tensions because the US gave us aid while we were snotty when dealing with USAID). No, we either lie prostrate at the feet of Bhagwatis and Sens; or we engage in unseemly confrontations (I once remarked that we Indians are so ingenious that we multiply by dividing).</p><p align="justify">It is the young Indians who will now force us into true &quot;argumentation&quot;: they have little patience for people who hide behind their laurels. So, when in a recent NDTV panel, Professor Sen spoke haughtily to Professor Panagariya, 20 years his junior, that he lived in New York and did not understand India, Panagariya quietly shot back that Sen lived in Cambridge and that Panagariya visited India as frequently as Sen did! Panagariya was flooded with complimentary emails saying he was a hero in slaying Sen! But Sen is not the only one who avoids debating with his peers. This is true also of my Columbia University colleague Joseph Stiglitz. He challenged in Outlook magazine last year the retail sector reform which I and Professor Rajeev Kohli had supported in an extensive paper. So, the Columbia students wanted a debate between us. They are still waiting for an answer!</p><p align="justify"><em>* How do you rate your own role in campaigning for opening up of the Indian economy? Who are the prime ministers before Narasimha Rao with whom you have argued for liberalisation?</em></p><p align="justify">It is not for me to applaud my successful efforts at opening the Indian economy: many, including the noted economist Deena Khatkhate and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh have written generously about my contribution. As for other prime ministers, I particularly remember arguing for trade liberalisation and devaluation in 1966 before Indira Gandhi. I recollect that she was shy while her minister C Subramanian carried on a dialogue with me! I was only 32 years old and a nervous novice! No longer, of course.</p><p align="justify"><em>* How do you react to Oxfam's view that free trade robs poor people of a proper living?</em></p><p align="justify">Oxfam is totally wrong on trade issues. Once, I teased their spokesman, Jeremy Hobbes, by saying that he must be a schizophrenic: one day, he must think he was Jeremy Bentham, and the next day that he was Hobbes! A good man, he was out of his depth. NGOs, expanding into areas where they have no competence, do harm, not good. They confuse ignorance with originality. And this is particularly true of huge NGOs like Oxfam which are &quot;too big to succeed&quot; and use their enormous financial capital to drown out informed voices that can only bring human capital to the contest.</p><p align="justify"><em>* How do you feel about being inducted into the WTO Hall of Fame?</em></p><p align="justify">In so honouring professor John Jackson, the distinguished lawyer, and myself, the WTO is recognising our many contributions to the scientific analysis of multilateral free trade over more than two decades, and in particular the dedication and effectiveness of our work on several committees of the GATT and its successor, the WTO, and our public policy defence of these institutions which have often been under threat. Among those who are no more, the only comparable figure in trade law is the late Professor Robert Hudec of Minnesota; and in economics, Professor Paul Samuelson whose writings dominated trade theory for decades, Professor Gottfried Haberler, also a great figure in trade theory and also chairman of a major GATT committee, and Professor Robert Baldwin, a mighty defender of freer trade and also member of WTO expert groups. Among those who are alive, I would love to have WTO honour my most eminent student, Professor Paul Krugman.</p><p align="justify">His scientific and policy work on international trade has been profound and I admire him even if I often disagree with him. By contrast, there are economist scholars who have not written anything of scholarly value on free trade, and who have done absolutely nothing for GATT or WTO either! In fact, they have simultaneously pandered to anti-openness and to the rubbish that ill-informed NGOs like Oxfam have levelled against the world trading system. Maybe there ought to be a contrasting Hall of Shame, devoted to such people!</p><p align="justify"><em>* What is the full scope of your contributions to the theory and policy of freer trade?</em></p><p align="justify">My own evolution as a trade scholar and a proponent of openness to trade was two-sided. First, in regard to policy changes I was deeply involved (with colleagues such as Padma Desai and T N Srinivasan) in proposing reforms in India that included reversing the excessive and crippling reliance on autarky (i.e. inward-looking policies). In turn, I also was in two major projects (at the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development and the National Bureau of Economic Research), with several country studies, that extended such analysis to several other countries. Needless to say, these efforts helped to demolish the protectionism that was otherwise rampant in India and in several other developing countries. Second, I moved on to thinking and writing about the world trading system.</p><p align="justify">This evolution was accelerated when I became economic policy adviser to GATT director-general Arthur Dunkel (1991-1883), and then a member of successive expert groups at the WTO and UNCTAD, and to UN. I also decided early on that if I was to influence public policy, I had to write for the public as well. Hence I engaged in public policy debates with every opponent of the multilateral free trade regime: Ralph Nader, Naomi Klein and many others. In my view, only such debates can inform the public and improve public policy. </p><p align="justify"><em>The Economic Times, 3 June, 2013, <a href="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-jagdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms" title="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-jagdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms">http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask<br />-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-ja<br />gdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms</a></em> </p><p align="justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: The Economic Times</strong> </p>                                                           
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Jagdish N Bhagwati, professor of economics and law at Columbia University interviewed by The Economic Times

Published on Jun 3, 2013   Modified on Jun 3, 2013

-The Economic Times The World Trade Organisation (WTO) has honoured renowned economist and globalisation buff Jagdish N Bhagwati by inducting him into its Hall of Fame. The professor of economics and law at Columbia University, Bhagwati is the author of books as seminal as 'In Defence of Globalisation' and 'The Wind of the Hundred Days: How Washington Mismanaged Globalisation'. He spoke to ET about his decades-long campaign for trade liberalisation, his work and his long-standing rivalry with Nobel-Prize winning economist Amartya Sen, among other issues. Edited excerpts: * You have been a staunch critic of Professor Amartya Sen's "pro-poor" statements and economics. Are you piqued that he refuses to engage in a debate with you? Of course, I have not been against "pro-poor" policies. From my first job in the Indian Planning Commission in the early 1960s, I have been working on how to reduce poverty. What I have objected to are the specific anti-poverty policies that Professor Sen has backed, in one way or another. Those policies, as I and professor Panagariya in our book 'India's Tryst with Destiny', have demonstrated, actually increased poverty! You must ask Professor Sen, not me, why he will not engage in a debate with me, even though he has been invited to do so by others. After all, he is the one who used the phrase "argumentative Indian" to describe Indians (a phrase I originated but used differently almost two decades earlier to explain how we argued, like the French, with the United States which led to tensions because the US gave us aid while we were snotty when dealing with USAID). No, we either lie prostrate at the feet of Bhagwatis and Sens; or we engage in unseemly confrontations (I once remarked that we Indians are so ingenious that we multiply by dividing). It is the young Indians who will now force us into true "argumentation": they have little patience for people who hide behind their laurels. So, when in a recent NDTV panel, Professor Sen spoke haughtily to Professor Panagariya, 20 years his junior, that he lived in New York and did not understand India, Panagariya quietly shot back that Sen lived in Cambridge and that Panagariya visited India as frequently as Sen did! Panagariya was flooded with complimentary emails saying he was a hero in slaying Sen! But Sen is not the only one who avoids debating with his peers. This is true also of my Columbia University colleague Joseph Stiglitz. He challenged in Outlook magazine last year the retail sector reform which I and Professor Rajeev Kohli had supported in an extensive paper. So, the Columbia students wanted a debate between us. They are still waiting for an answer! * How do you rate your own role in campaigning for opening up of the Indian economy? Who are the prime ministers before Narasimha Rao with whom you have argued for liberalisation? It is not for me to applaud my successful efforts at opening the Indian economy: many, including the noted economist Deena Khatkhate and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh have written generously about my contribution. As for other prime ministers, I particularly remember arguing for trade liberalisation and devaluation in 1966 before Indira Gandhi. I recollect that she was shy while her minister C Subramanian carried on a dialogue with me! I was only 32 years old and a nervous novice! No longer, of course. * How do you react to Oxfam's view that free trade robs poor people of a proper living? Oxfam is totally wrong on trade issues. Once, I teased their spokesman, Jeremy Hobbes, by saying that he must be a schizophrenic: one day, he must think he was Jeremy Bentham, and the next day that he was Hobbes! A good man, he was out of his depth. NGOs, expanding into areas where they have no competence, do harm, not good. They confuse ignorance with originality. And this is particularly true of huge NGOs like Oxfam which are "too big to succeed" and use their enormous financial capital to drown out informed voices that can only bring human capital to the contest. * How do you feel about being inducted into the WTO Hall of Fame? In so honouring professor John Jackson, the distinguished lawyer, and myself, the WTO is recognising our many contributions to the scientific analysis of multilateral free trade over more than two decades, and in particular the dedication and effectiveness of our work on several committees of the GATT and its successor, the WTO, and our public policy defence of these institutions which have often been under threat. Among those who are no more, the only comparable figure in trade law is the late Professor Robert Hudec of Minnesota; and in economics, Professor Paul Samuelson whose writings dominated trade theory for decades, Professor Gottfried Haberler, also a great figure in trade theory and also chairman of a major GATT committee, and Professor Robert Baldwin, a mighty defender of freer trade and also member of WTO expert groups. Among those who are alive, I would love to have WTO honour my most eminent student, Professor Paul Krugman. His scientific and policy work on international trade has been profound and I admire him even if I often disagree with him. By contrast, there are economist scholars who have not written anything of scholarly value on free trade, and who have done absolutely nothing for GATT or WTO either! In fact, they have simultaneously pandered to anti-openness and to the rubbish that ill-informed NGOs like Oxfam have levelled against the world trading system. Maybe there ought to be a contrasting Hall of Shame, devoted to such people! * What is the full scope of your contributions to the theory and policy of freer trade? My own evolution as a trade scholar and a proponent of openness to trade was two-sided. First, in regard to policy changes I was deeply involved (with colleagues such as Padma Desai and T N Srinivasan) in proposing reforms in India that included reversing the excessive and crippling reliance on autarky (i.e. inward-looking policies). In turn, I also was in two major projects (at the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development and the National Bureau of Economic Research), with several country studies, that extended such analysis to several other countries. Needless to say, these efforts helped to demolish the protectionism that was otherwise rampant in India and in several other developing countries. Second, I moved on to thinking and writing about the world trading system. This evolution was accelerated when I became economic policy adviser to GATT director-general Arthur Dunkel (1991-1883), and then a member of successive expert groups at the WTO and UNCTAD, and to UN. I also decided early on that if I was to influence public policy, I had to write for the public as well. Hence I engaged in public policy debates with every opponent of the multilateral free trade regime: Ralph Nader, Naomi Klein and many others. In my view, only such debates can inform the public and improve public policy. The Economic Times, 3 June, 2013, http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask -amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-ja gdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms Image Courtesy: The Economic Times

The Economic Times, 3 June, 2013, http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/ask-amartya-sen-why-he-will-not-engage-in-a-debate-with-me-jagdish-n-bhagwati/articleshow/20401122.cms

Tagged with: Poverty Economic Reforms WTO Free Trade Growth economy

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"Session 3: Future of Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...

• Public Spending on Agriculture in India (Source: Foundation for...
• Agrarian Change Seminar: 'Protests against the New Farm Laws...
• Webinar: Ramrao - The Story of India's Farm Crisis...
• Water and Agricultural Transformation in India: A Symbiotic Relationship...
• More...

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