Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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        LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Development and Adivasi rights - Ramesh Gopalakrishnan    </title>
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For the first time, tribal communities in India will have a say in implementation of projects that affect them 


In the last six months, two key milestones have been reached in India around the protection of Adivasi rights. The..."/>
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For the first time, tribal communities in India will have a say in implementation of projects that affect them 


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                            <div align="justify">-Live Mint</div><p align="justify"><br /><em>For the first time, tribal communities in India will have a say in implementation of projects that affect them </em></p><p align="justify">In the last six months, two key milestones have been reached in India around the protection of Adivasi rights. The first milestone was a ruling by Supreme Court in April which gave Adivasi communities in the Niyamgiri hills of Orissa the final say on plans by a subsidiary of Vedanta Resources and the Orissa state mining company to mine for bauxite on their traditional lands. The judgement was a landmark victory in recognizing indigenous people's rights in India.</p><p align="justify">The second, not so well-known, milestone, was a set of amendments proposed by the National Advisory Council (NAC) in December last year to the Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (known as PESA). The NAC recommended that the free prior and informed consent (FPIC) of affected Adivasi communities be mandatorily obtained before the government acquires any land for development projects, or decides on rehabilitation packages. Not &quot;consultation&quot;, or &quot;recommendation&quot;, as the PESA currently says, but &quot;prior informed consent&quot;.</p><p align="justify">These events mark a basic shift in the way India has regarded the rights of Adivasis over their land. For years, communities and rights groups have demanded that FPIC, be made a reality to protect Adivasi rights. The Forest Rights Act mandates the obtaining of consent, but only in the context of protected forest lands. Amnesty International's work in India has demonstrated that in several contexts where mining projects have been proposed or implemented on Adivasi lands, their voices are rarely heeded. The absence of a consent requirement has contributed to severe human rights abuses, as well as negative social, economic, cultural and ecological consequences for Adivasi communities.</p><p align="justify">FPIC is now an internationally accepted standard, which has been affirmed by a number of international human rights treaty bodies, including the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the UN Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination-all of which India is a party to. It is also recognized as being central to the protection and realization of indigenous people's rights in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People (UNDRIP), 2007, which India has endorsed.</p><p align="justify">India is also a party to ILO Convention 107 on Indigenous and Tribal Populations, which guarantees Adivasi communities the right to participate in decision-making on projects affecting their community and traditional lands. (Yet ILO Convention 169, a more progressive instrument which was drafted to replace Convention 107, and widens the protections given to indigenous communities, has not been signed by India.)</p><p align="justify">Obtaining FPIC is also being increasingly accepted as a requirement by industry. It was included in the 2012 performance standards of the World Bank's International Finance Corporation, and by extension the Equator Banks. The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights require companies to take steps to become aware of, prevent and address adverse human rights impacts, and the UN Experts Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous People has recommended that companies consider FPIC in their human rights &quot;due diligence&quot; processes. The UN special rapporteur on Indigenous Peoples has also underscored FPIC's importance for indigenous people who face the risk of potential impact of mining projects' on their traditional lands.</p><p align="justify">So what exactly does &quot;consent&quot; involve? The commitment to FPIC is an explicit acceptance that indigenous people are not just stakeholders for engagement, but holders of rights, which requires that such consent be:</p><p align="justify">&bull; Free, that is, freely given without manipulation, coercion, threat, fear of reprisal, corruption, or inequality of bargaining power;</p><p align="justify">&bull; Prior: Indigenous people must be given sufficient time to give their free consent to a proposed activity according to their values, tradition and circumstances.</p><p align="justify">&bull; Informed: There must be full, clear, objective, and culturally appropriate disclosure of a proposed activity; indigenous people must be informed of their rights (including lands, resources and traditional knowledge) and have the right to obtain independent advice. The greater the impact on the indigenous people-such as, development on traditional lands, relocation, storage of hazardous materials-the greater the onus on those proposing the activity to show that the process was robust.</p><p align="justify">&bull; Consent means the right to say no; and free, prior and informed consent may be required at different stages of a proposed activity.</p><p align="justify">And, decision-making must be inclusive and consent should be obtained through the people's chosen representative structures and decision-making processes. Particular attention needs to be paid towards the effective participation of women in decisions affecting them.</p><p align="justify">The most critical aspects of FPIC will include the processes leading to consent, especially the need for robust mechanisms of consultation to facilitate mutually acceptable agreements; and monitoring, enforcement and grievance mechanisms.</p><p align="justify">The process by which local Adivasi communities are deciding the fate of the Niyamgiri mine are being keenly watched the world over. Indeed, Niyamgiri is now a test case. And so are the NAC recommendations to make prior, informed consent part of India's existing legislation. How these two events play out in the next few months could well impact the lives of India's Adivasis for decades to come.</p><p align="justify"><em>Ramesh Gopalakrishnan is a researcher with Amnesty International. </em></p>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/d5q0MD1tKT4c417hJxN0FJ/Development-and-Adivasi-rights.html" class="re" target="_blank">Live Mint, 15 July, 2013, http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/d5q0MD1tKT4c417hJxN0FJ/Development-and-Adivasi-rights.html</a><div class="clear"></div>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Development and Adivasi rights - Ramesh Gopalakrishnan</h1>
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                            <div align="justify">-Live Mint</div><p align="justify"><br /><em>For the first time, tribal communities in India will have a say in implementation of projects that affect them </em></p><p align="justify">In the last six months, two key milestones have been reached in India around the protection of Adivasi rights. The first milestone was a ruling by Supreme Court in April which gave Adivasi communities in the Niyamgiri hills of Orissa the final say on plans by a subsidiary of Vedanta Resources and the Orissa state mining company to mine for bauxite on their traditional lands. The judgement was a landmark victory in recognizing indigenous people's rights in India.</p><p align="justify">The second, not so well-known, milestone, was a set of amendments proposed by the National Advisory Council (NAC) in December last year to the Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (known as PESA). The NAC recommended that the free prior and informed consent (FPIC) of affected Adivasi communities be mandatorily obtained before the government acquires any land for development projects, or decides on rehabilitation packages. Not &quot;consultation&quot;, or &quot;recommendation&quot;, as the PESA currently says, but &quot;prior informed consent&quot;.</p><p align="justify">These events mark a basic shift in the way India has regarded the rights of Adivasis over their land. For years, communities and rights groups have demanded that FPIC, be made a reality to protect Adivasi rights. The Forest Rights Act mandates the obtaining of consent, but only in the context of protected forest lands. Amnesty International's work in India has demonstrated that in several contexts where mining projects have been proposed or implemented on Adivasi lands, their voices are rarely heeded. The absence of a consent requirement has contributed to severe human rights abuses, as well as negative social, economic, cultural and ecological consequences for Adivasi communities.</p><p align="justify">FPIC is now an internationally accepted standard, which has been affirmed by a number of international human rights treaty bodies, including the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the UN Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination-all of which India is a party to. It is also recognized as being central to the protection and realization of indigenous people's rights in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People (UNDRIP), 2007, which India has endorsed.</p><p align="justify">India is also a party to ILO Convention 107 on Indigenous and Tribal Populations, which guarantees Adivasi communities the right to participate in decision-making on projects affecting their community and traditional lands. (Yet ILO Convention 169, a more progressive instrument which was drafted to replace Convention 107, and widens the protections given to indigenous communities, has not been signed by India.)</p><p align="justify">Obtaining FPIC is also being increasingly accepted as a requirement by industry. It was included in the 2012 performance standards of the World Bank's International Finance Corporation, and by extension the Equator Banks. The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights require companies to take steps to become aware of, prevent and address adverse human rights impacts, and the UN Experts Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous People has recommended that companies consider FPIC in their human rights &quot;due diligence&quot; processes. The UN special rapporteur on Indigenous Peoples has also underscored FPIC's importance for indigenous people who face the risk of potential impact of mining projects' on their traditional lands.</p><p align="justify">So what exactly does &quot;consent&quot; involve? The commitment to FPIC is an explicit acceptance that indigenous people are not just stakeholders for engagement, but holders of rights, which requires that such consent be:</p><p align="justify">&bull; Free, that is, freely given without manipulation, coercion, threat, fear of reprisal, corruption, or inequality of bargaining power;</p><p align="justify">&bull; Prior: Indigenous people must be given sufficient time to give their free consent to a proposed activity according to their values, tradition and circumstances.</p><p align="justify">&bull; Informed: There must be full, clear, objective, and culturally appropriate disclosure of a proposed activity; indigenous people must be informed of their rights (including lands, resources and traditional knowledge) and have the right to obtain independent advice. The greater the impact on the indigenous people-such as, development on traditional lands, relocation, storage of hazardous materials-the greater the onus on those proposing the activity to show that the process was robust.</p><p align="justify">&bull; Consent means the right to say no; and free, prior and informed consent may be required at different stages of a proposed activity.</p><p align="justify">And, decision-making must be inclusive and consent should be obtained through the people's chosen representative structures and decision-making processes. Particular attention needs to be paid towards the effective participation of women in decisions affecting them.</p><p align="justify">The most critical aspects of FPIC will include the processes leading to consent, especially the need for robust mechanisms of consultation to facilitate mutually acceptable agreements; and monitoring, enforcement and grievance mechanisms.</p><p align="justify">The process by which local Adivasi communities are deciding the fate of the Niyamgiri mine are being keenly watched the world over. Indeed, Niyamgiri is now a test case. And so are the NAC recommendations to make prior, informed consent part of India's existing legislation. How these two events play out in the next few months could well impact the lives of India's Adivasis for decades to come.</p><p align="justify"><em>Ramesh Gopalakrishnan is a researcher with Amnesty International. </em></p>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/d5q0MD1tKT4c417hJxN0FJ/Development-and-Adivasi-rights.html" class="re" target="_blank">Live Mint, 15 July, 2013, http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/d5q0MD1tKT4c417hJxN0FJ/Development-and-Adivasi-rights.html</a><div class="clear"></div>
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Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148
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Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

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Code Context
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For the first time, tribal communities in India will have a say in implementation of projects that affect them 


In the last six months, two key milestones have been reached in India around the protection of Adivasi rights. The..."/>
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For the first time, tribal communities in India will have a say in implementation of projects that affect them 


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                            <div align="justify">-Live Mint</div><p align="justify"><br /><em>For the first time, tribal communities in India will have a say in implementation of projects that affect them </em></p><p align="justify">In the last six months, two key milestones have been reached in India around the protection of Adivasi rights. The first milestone was a ruling by Supreme Court in April which gave Adivasi communities in the Niyamgiri hills of Orissa the final say on plans by a subsidiary of Vedanta Resources and the Orissa state mining company to mine for bauxite on their traditional lands. The judgement was a landmark victory in recognizing indigenous people's rights in India.</p><p align="justify">The second, not so well-known, milestone, was a set of amendments proposed by the National Advisory Council (NAC) in December last year to the Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (known as PESA). The NAC recommended that the free prior and informed consent (FPIC) of affected Adivasi communities be mandatorily obtained before the government acquires any land for development projects, or decides on rehabilitation packages. Not &quot;consultation&quot;, or &quot;recommendation&quot;, as the PESA currently says, but &quot;prior informed consent&quot;.</p><p align="justify">These events mark a basic shift in the way India has regarded the rights of Adivasis over their land. For years, communities and rights groups have demanded that FPIC, be made a reality to protect Adivasi rights. The Forest Rights Act mandates the obtaining of consent, but only in the context of protected forest lands. Amnesty International's work in India has demonstrated that in several contexts where mining projects have been proposed or implemented on Adivasi lands, their voices are rarely heeded. The absence of a consent requirement has contributed to severe human rights abuses, as well as negative social, economic, cultural and ecological consequences for Adivasi communities.</p><p align="justify">FPIC is now an internationally accepted standard, which has been affirmed by a number of international human rights treaty bodies, including the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the UN Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination-all of which India is a party to. It is also recognized as being central to the protection and realization of indigenous people's rights in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People (UNDRIP), 2007, which India has endorsed.</p><p align="justify">India is also a party to ILO Convention 107 on Indigenous and Tribal Populations, which guarantees Adivasi communities the right to participate in decision-making on projects affecting their community and traditional lands. (Yet ILO Convention 169, a more progressive instrument which was drafted to replace Convention 107, and widens the protections given to indigenous communities, has not been signed by India.)</p><p align="justify">Obtaining FPIC is also being increasingly accepted as a requirement by industry. It was included in the 2012 performance standards of the World Bank's International Finance Corporation, and by extension the Equator Banks. The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights require companies to take steps to become aware of, prevent and address adverse human rights impacts, and the UN Experts Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous People has recommended that companies consider FPIC in their human rights &quot;due diligence&quot; processes. The UN special rapporteur on Indigenous Peoples has also underscored FPIC's importance for indigenous people who face the risk of potential impact of mining projects' on their traditional lands.</p><p align="justify">So what exactly does &quot;consent&quot; involve? The commitment to FPIC is an explicit acceptance that indigenous people are not just stakeholders for engagement, but holders of rights, which requires that such consent be:</p><p align="justify">&bull; Free, that is, freely given without manipulation, coercion, threat, fear of reprisal, corruption, or inequality of bargaining power;</p><p align="justify">&bull; Prior: Indigenous people must be given sufficient time to give their free consent to a proposed activity according to their values, tradition and circumstances.</p><p align="justify">&bull; Informed: There must be full, clear, objective, and culturally appropriate disclosure of a proposed activity; indigenous people must be informed of their rights (including lands, resources and traditional knowledge) and have the right to obtain independent advice. The greater the impact on the indigenous people-such as, development on traditional lands, relocation, storage of hazardous materials-the greater the onus on those proposing the activity to show that the process was robust.</p><p align="justify">&bull; Consent means the right to say no; and free, prior and informed consent may be required at different stages of a proposed activity.</p><p align="justify">And, decision-making must be inclusive and consent should be obtained through the people's chosen representative structures and decision-making processes. Particular attention needs to be paid towards the effective participation of women in decisions affecting them.</p><p align="justify">The most critical aspects of FPIC will include the processes leading to consent, especially the need for robust mechanisms of consultation to facilitate mutually acceptable agreements; and monitoring, enforcement and grievance mechanisms.</p><p align="justify">The process by which local Adivasi communities are deciding the fate of the Niyamgiri mine are being keenly watched the world over. Indeed, Niyamgiri is now a test case. And so are the NAC recommendations to make prior, informed consent part of India's existing legislation. How these two events play out in the next few months could well impact the lives of India's Adivasis for decades to come.</p><p align="justify"><em>Ramesh Gopalakrishnan is a researcher with Amnesty International. </em></p>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/d5q0MD1tKT4c417hJxN0FJ/Development-and-Adivasi-rights.html" class="re" target="_blank">Live Mint, 15 July, 2013, http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/d5q0MD1tKT4c417hJxN0FJ/Development-and-Adivasi-rights.html</a><div class="clear"></div>
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Development and Adivasi rights - Ramesh Gopalakrishnan

Published on Jul 16, 2013   Modified on Jul 16, 2013

-Live Mint For the first time, tribal communities in India will have a say in implementation of projects that affect them In the last six months, two key milestones have been reached in India around the protection of Adivasi rights. The first milestone was a ruling by Supreme Court in April which gave Adivasi communities in the Niyamgiri hills of Orissa the final say on plans by a subsidiary of Vedanta Resources and the Orissa state mining company to mine for bauxite on their traditional lands. The judgement was a landmark victory in recognizing indigenous people's rights in India. The second, not so well-known, milestone, was a set of amendments proposed by the National Advisory Council (NAC) in December last year to the Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (known as PESA). The NAC recommended that the free prior and informed consent (FPIC) of affected Adivasi communities be mandatorily obtained before the government acquires any land for development projects, or decides on rehabilitation packages. Not "consultation", or "recommendation", as the PESA currently says, but "prior informed consent". These events mark a basic shift in the way India has regarded the rights of Adivasis over their land. For years, communities and rights groups have demanded that FPIC, be made a reality to protect Adivasi rights. The Forest Rights Act mandates the obtaining of consent, but only in the context of protected forest lands. Amnesty International's work in India has demonstrated that in several contexts where mining projects have been proposed or implemented on Adivasi lands, their voices are rarely heeded. The absence of a consent requirement has contributed to severe human rights abuses, as well as negative social, economic, cultural and ecological consequences for Adivasi communities. FPIC is now an internationally accepted standard, which has been affirmed by a number of international human rights treaty bodies, including the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the UN Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination-all of which India is a party to. It is also recognized as being central to the protection and realization of indigenous people's rights in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People (UNDRIP), 2007, which India has endorsed. India is also a party to ILO Convention 107 on Indigenous and Tribal Populations, which guarantees Adivasi communities the right to participate in decision-making on projects affecting their community and traditional lands. (Yet ILO Convention 169, a more progressive instrument which was drafted to replace Convention 107, and widens the protections given to indigenous communities, has not been signed by India.) Obtaining FPIC is also being increasingly accepted as a requirement by industry. It was included in the 2012 performance standards of the World Bank's International Finance Corporation, and by extension the Equator Banks. The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights require companies to take steps to become aware of, prevent and address adverse human rights impacts, and the UN Experts Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous People has recommended that companies consider FPIC in their human rights "due diligence" processes. The UN special rapporteur on Indigenous Peoples has also underscored FPIC's importance for indigenous people who face the risk of potential impact of mining projects' on their traditional lands. So what exactly does "consent" involve? The commitment to FPIC is an explicit acceptance that indigenous people are not just stakeholders for engagement, but holders of rights, which requires that such consent be: • Free, that is, freely given without manipulation, coercion, threat, fear of reprisal, corruption, or inequality of bargaining power; • Prior: Indigenous people must be given sufficient time to give their free consent to a proposed activity according to their values, tradition and circumstances. • Informed: There must be full, clear, objective, and culturally appropriate disclosure of a proposed activity; indigenous people must be informed of their rights (including lands, resources and traditional knowledge) and have the right to obtain independent advice. The greater the impact on the indigenous people-such as, development on traditional lands, relocation, storage of hazardous materials-the greater the onus on those proposing the activity to show that the process was robust. • Consent means the right to say no; and free, prior and informed consent may be required at different stages of a proposed activity. And, decision-making must be inclusive and consent should be obtained through the people's chosen representative structures and decision-making processes. Particular attention needs to be paid towards the effective participation of women in decisions affecting them. The most critical aspects of FPIC will include the processes leading to consent, especially the need for robust mechanisms of consultation to facilitate mutually acceptable agreements; and monitoring, enforcement and grievance mechanisms. The process by which local Adivasi communities are deciding the fate of the Niyamgiri mine are being keenly watched the world over. Indeed, Niyamgiri is now a test case. And so are the NAC recommendations to make prior, informed consent part of India's existing legislation. How these two events play out in the next few months could well impact the lives of India's Adivasis for decades to come. Ramesh Gopalakrishnan is a researcher with Amnesty International.

Live Mint, 15 July, 2013, http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/d5q0MD1tKT4c417hJxN0FJ/Development-and-Adivasi-rights.html

Tagged with: National Advisory Council Displacement adivasi adivasis Tribal Rights Land Acquisition Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act PESA nac

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