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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | ‘Development will eventually lead to environmental conflicts’ -Srijan Trivedi and Yashvi Churiwala

‘Development will eventually lead to environmental conflicts’ -Srijan Trivedi and Yashvi Churiwala

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published Published on Mar 25, 2022   modified Modified on Mar 27, 2022

-Down to Earth

With sustainable development goals in place, increasing democratisation and connectivity of the world, ecologisation of politics and vice-versa will become the new norm

Nobel laureate Wangari Maathai wrote:

In a few decades, the relationship between the environment, resources and conflict may  seem so obvious as the connection we see today between human rights, democracy and  peace.

Decreasing resource base and the  struggle for control and power leads to politicising ecological issues and the eventual clash between different beneficiaries. 

This happens due to privatisation and the control of resources by the socially powerful, based on gender, class and ethnicity. Securing control of resources politicises ecological  issues. This happens due to basic assumptions about the division of labour in the society and access to the environment. 

Property rights, which are historically demonstrated to yield economic benefits when under private control, are a complex bundle of rights for everyday goods, which have to be shared among community members. 

Next is the problem of imagined identities by development planners and policymakers, which leads to conflict due to biases. Take the case of Thar in India for instance: Lack of access, opportunities, unfair distribution of work and the rewards accrued from the same leads to conflicts like gender wars and unionisation. 

Conservation efforts that change the ownership of resources also lead to social conflict. The rights over property are always complex due to sharing and differing ways of accessing it for income, inheritance and benefits. These have evolved after a long time due to landscape and temporal variation. 

Exclusive rights to use land lead to conflicts, losses and inequality, and cutting off marginal users. Different investments by development planners and the non-congruence of various stakeholders also lead to divergence and possible clashes. 

The women cultivators of Gambia are a good case in point. Access to land in the country was divided based on gender, like many African nations. Men managed dry uplands and women overlooked flooded plains. 

There were seasonal obligations to produce crops  for the household. After that, rights to make gains and retain profits granted women relative autonomy. International development authorities and later, British development corporations brought about experimentation and agricultural reforms. This led to intensification of land-use and increasing cash crop production. 

The change of labour demands and benefits led to women who traditionally worked for profits devoting more time to household production, resulting in loss of their autonomy. It was followed by eventual clashes like cash demand, withdrawal from work and resistance.

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Down to Earth, 25 March, 2022, https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/governance/-development-will-eventually-lead-to-environmental-conflicts--82095?fbclid=IwAR3DhqyXwgRGq4j5ohUJzst16vc_1Mwxi6H2sy3loBtfYkqUopjyYuDXR-w


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