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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Diabetes urban link shows up in Jharkhand scan by GS Mudur

Diabetes urban link shows up in Jharkhand scan by GS Mudur

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published Published on Sep 30, 2011   modified Modified on Sep 30, 2011

Jharkhand has thrown up the sharpest signal of the link between urbanisation and diabetes in a survey covering three states and a Union territory.

The study by the Indian Council of Medical Research and collaborating institutions, the first to cover entire states, has shown that 13 people in 100 have diabetes in urban Jharkhand but just three per 100 in the state’s rural areas.

Projections from the survey, which has covered Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Chandigarh, indicate that India could have 6.2 crore diabetes patients in 2011. The previous estimate, for 2010, was 5 crore.

The findings, based on blood samples from 13,055 people, were published this week in the international journal Diabetologia.

“We see this classic dramatic contrast between urban and rural diabetes in Jharkhand,” said Viswanathan Mohan, national coordinator of the study and president of the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, a private research centre in Chennai.

“The patterns of diabetes reflect the socio-economic development of a state.”

Earlier studies had suggested that as income levels increase in society, levels of obesity and diabetes initially rise but plateau as people begin to watch their weight.

In some villages near Bokaro and Ranchi in Jharkhand, the survey did not find any diabetes at all, researchers associated with the study said. “I think there is something in the diet or lifestyle in rural Jharkhand that appears to protect people from diabetes,” said Vinay Dhandhania, a Ranchi-based diabetologist who collaborated in the study.

One possible factor is a popular cereal called maruah which, he said, is rich in fibre. Many rural folk also engage in intense physical activity, either working on farms that have poor road connectivity or bicycling up to 20km a day to Bokaro or Ranchi where they work as labourers, Dhandhania told The Telegraph.

But in the towns of Jharkhand, many of which have grown around industrial complexes, the prevalence levels of diabetes are comparable to those in urban Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and Chandigarh.

“Rural Jharkhand may still hold lessons for diabetes prevention, but urban Jharkhand is no different from any big city in India,” said Dhandhania. “People eat the wrong kind of food and don’t get enough exercise.”

Dhandhania said three days ago, he had met a 35-year-old petrol station owner in Ranchi who weighed 95kg and had diabetes. “I asked him about his lifestyle. It appears he has had no exercise at all for the past 15 years,” he said.

The survey also examined the prevalence of pre-diabetes, a condition in which a person shows impaired glucose tolerance and which indicates a high risk of converting to diabetes within 10 years. The results suggest that Jharkhand currently has 9.6 lakh diabetes patients and 15 lakh people with pre-diabetes.

Mohan said the next phase of the survey would cover the northeastern states.

“As this study progresses, we expect to see changing patterns — increase in some areas, and a stabilisation in others as people change eating and lifestyle habits,” Mohan said. “Already in Kerala, urban diabetes appears to be slightly lower than rural diabetes.”

The Telegraph, 30 September, 2011, http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110930/jsp/nation/story_14572108.jsp


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