Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

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        LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Double whammy of groundwater in India -- declining reserves and rising carbon emissions -Dinesh C Sharma    </title>
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Researchers say that environmental problem of groundwater depletion is much more serious than carbon dioxide emissions associated with it

New Delhi: Over-extraction of groundwater is a major environmental challenge in many parts of India. It is not only..."/>
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Researchers say that environmental problem of groundwater depletion is much more serious than carbon dioxide emissions associated with it

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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Double whammy of groundwater in India -- declining reserves and rising carbon emissions -Dinesh C Sharma</h1>
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                            <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line<br /><br /><em>Researchers say that environmental problem of groundwater depletion is much more serious than carbon dioxide emissions associated with it<br /><br />New Delhi: </em>Over-extraction of groundwater is a major environmental challenge in many parts of India. It is not only leading to rapid decline in groundwater reserves but also contributing to India&rsquo;s carbon emissions, a new study has warned.<br /><br />Billions of litres of groundwater pumped out every year contributes to carbon emissions in two ways - emissions released due to the pumps used for extracting water and carbon dioxide released due to bicarbonate extraction. Most of the groundwater reserves or aquifers contain sand, gravel, clay, and calcite. Hydron ions react with calcite and create bicarbonate and calcium. When groundwater is exposed to the atmosphere, carbon dioxide is released while calcite is precipitated.<br /><br />Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, have assessed carbon emissions due to pumping as well as bicarbonate extraction using data related to energy requirement of pumping and chemistry of the groundwater. They have found that the total (pumping and bicarbonate) estimated annual carbon dioxide emission from groundwater in India is between 2 to 7 percent of the total annual carbon dioxide emissions from India.<br /><br />The total carbon emissions from the groundwater sector have been estimated to be between 32 to 131 million tonnes a year. The carbon dioxide emissions due to bicarbonate (about 0.72 million tons per year) are far less than by those due to groundwater pumping (31 to 131 million tons per year) in India, according to the study.<br /><br />The estimates are based on data from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite mission of NASA. The data covered groundwater well parameters like specific yield, bicarbonate concentration and use of electric pumps. CGWB monitors groundwater tables at 24,000 locations across the country. The board also monitors groundwater quality in the pre-monsoon season when the concentrations of bicarbonate ions are maximum.<br /><br />The distribution on pumps, which are predominantly used for irrigation, for each state at different depths was obtained from the census of minor irrigation. This helped in calculating energy required for groundwater pumping. Electric pumps cover about 70% of the total available pumping energy sources in the country. However, the Gangetic plain region is dominated by diesel pumps.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/science/double-whammy-of-groundwater-in-india-declining-reserves-and-rising-carbon-emissions/article25505377.ece" title="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/science/double-whammy-of-groundwater-in-india-declining-reserves-and-rising-carbon-emissions/article25505377.ece">click here</a> to read more.</div>                                                           
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Double whammy of groundwater in India -- declining reserves and rising carbon emissions -Dinesh C Sharma</h1>
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                            <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line<br /><br /><em>Researchers say that environmental problem of groundwater depletion is much more serious than carbon dioxide emissions associated with it<br /><br />New Delhi: </em>Over-extraction of groundwater is a major environmental challenge in many parts of India. It is not only leading to rapid decline in groundwater reserves but also contributing to India&rsquo;s carbon emissions, a new study has warned.<br /><br />Billions of litres of groundwater pumped out every year contributes to carbon emissions in two ways - emissions released due to the pumps used for extracting water and carbon dioxide released due to bicarbonate extraction. Most of the groundwater reserves or aquifers contain sand, gravel, clay, and calcite. Hydron ions react with calcite and create bicarbonate and calcium. When groundwater is exposed to the atmosphere, carbon dioxide is released while calcite is precipitated.<br /><br />Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, have assessed carbon emissions due to pumping as well as bicarbonate extraction using data related to energy requirement of pumping and chemistry of the groundwater. They have found that the total (pumping and bicarbonate) estimated annual carbon dioxide emission from groundwater in India is between 2 to 7 percent of the total annual carbon dioxide emissions from India.<br /><br />The total carbon emissions from the groundwater sector have been estimated to be between 32 to 131 million tonnes a year. The carbon dioxide emissions due to bicarbonate (about 0.72 million tons per year) are far less than by those due to groundwater pumping (31 to 131 million tons per year) in India, according to the study.<br /><br />The estimates are based on data from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite mission of NASA. The data covered groundwater well parameters like specific yield, bicarbonate concentration and use of electric pumps. CGWB monitors groundwater tables at 24,000 locations across the country. The board also monitors groundwater quality in the pre-monsoon season when the concentrations of bicarbonate ions are maximum.<br /><br />The distribution on pumps, which are predominantly used for irrigation, for each state at different depths was obtained from the census of minor irrigation. This helped in calculating energy required for groundwater pumping. Electric pumps cover about 70% of the total available pumping energy sources in the country. However, the Gangetic plain region is dominated by diesel pumps.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/science/double-whammy-of-groundwater-in-india-declining-reserves-and-rising-carbon-emissions/article25505377.ece" title="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/science/double-whammy-of-groundwater-in-india-declining-reserves-and-rising-carbon-emissions/article25505377.ece">click here</a> to read more.</div>                                                           
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Researchers say that environmental problem of groundwater depletion is much more serious than carbon dioxide emissions associated with it

New Delhi: Over-extraction of groundwater is a major environmental challenge in many parts of India. It is not only..."/>
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-The Hindu Business Line

Researchers say that environmental problem of groundwater depletion is much more serious than carbon dioxide emissions associated with it

New Delhi: Over-extraction of groundwater is a major environmental challenge in many parts of India. It is not only..." />
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Double whammy of groundwater in India -- declining reserves and rising carbon emissions -Dinesh C Sharma</h1>
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                            <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line<br /><br /><em>Researchers say that environmental problem of groundwater depletion is much more serious than carbon dioxide emissions associated with it<br /><br />New Delhi: </em>Over-extraction of groundwater is a major environmental challenge in many parts of India. It is not only leading to rapid decline in groundwater reserves but also contributing to India&rsquo;s carbon emissions, a new study has warned.<br /><br />Billions of litres of groundwater pumped out every year contributes to carbon emissions in two ways - emissions released due to the pumps used for extracting water and carbon dioxide released due to bicarbonate extraction. Most of the groundwater reserves or aquifers contain sand, gravel, clay, and calcite. Hydron ions react with calcite and create bicarbonate and calcium. When groundwater is exposed to the atmosphere, carbon dioxide is released while calcite is precipitated.<br /><br />Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, have assessed carbon emissions due to pumping as well as bicarbonate extraction using data related to energy requirement of pumping and chemistry of the groundwater. They have found that the total (pumping and bicarbonate) estimated annual carbon dioxide emission from groundwater in India is between 2 to 7 percent of the total annual carbon dioxide emissions from India.<br /><br />The total carbon emissions from the groundwater sector have been estimated to be between 32 to 131 million tonnes a year. The carbon dioxide emissions due to bicarbonate (about 0.72 million tons per year) are far less than by those due to groundwater pumping (31 to 131 million tons per year) in India, according to the study.<br /><br />The estimates are based on data from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite mission of NASA. The data covered groundwater well parameters like specific yield, bicarbonate concentration and use of electric pumps. CGWB monitors groundwater tables at 24,000 locations across the country. The board also monitors groundwater quality in the pre-monsoon season when the concentrations of bicarbonate ions are maximum.<br /><br />The distribution on pumps, which are predominantly used for irrigation, for each state at different depths was obtained from the census of minor irrigation. This helped in calculating energy required for groundwater pumping. Electric pumps cover about 70% of the total available pumping energy sources in the country. However, the Gangetic plain region is dominated by diesel pumps.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/science/double-whammy-of-groundwater-in-india-declining-reserves-and-rising-carbon-emissions/article25505377.ece" title="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/science/double-whammy-of-groundwater-in-india-declining-reserves-and-rising-carbon-emissions/article25505377.ece">click here</a> to read more.</div>                                                           
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Double whammy of groundwater in India -- declining reserves and rising carbon emissions -Dinesh C Sharma

Published on Nov 16, 2018   Modified on Nov 16, 2018

-The Hindu Business Line Researchers say that environmental problem of groundwater depletion is much more serious than carbon dioxide emissions associated with it New Delhi: Over-extraction of groundwater is a major environmental challenge in many parts of India. It is not only leading to rapid decline in groundwater reserves but also contributing to India’s carbon emissions, a new study has warned. Billions of litres of groundwater pumped out every year contributes to carbon emissions in two ways - emissions released due to the pumps used for extracting water and carbon dioxide released due to bicarbonate extraction. Most of the groundwater reserves or aquifers contain sand, gravel, clay, and calcite. Hydron ions react with calcite and create bicarbonate and calcium. When groundwater is exposed to the atmosphere, carbon dioxide is released while calcite is precipitated. Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, have assessed carbon emissions due to pumping as well as bicarbonate extraction using data related to energy requirement of pumping and chemistry of the groundwater. They have found that the total (pumping and bicarbonate) estimated annual carbon dioxide emission from groundwater in India is between 2 to 7 percent of the total annual carbon dioxide emissions from India. The total carbon emissions from the groundwater sector have been estimated to be between 32 to 131 million tonnes a year. The carbon dioxide emissions due to bicarbonate (about 0.72 million tons per year) are far less than by those due to groundwater pumping (31 to 131 million tons per year) in India, according to the study. The estimates are based on data from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite mission of NASA. The data covered groundwater well parameters like specific yield, bicarbonate concentration and use of electric pumps. CGWB monitors groundwater tables at 24,000 locations across the country. The board also monitors groundwater quality in the pre-monsoon season when the concentrations of bicarbonate ions are maximum. The distribution on pumps, which are predominantly used for irrigation, for each state at different depths was obtained from the census of minor irrigation. This helped in calculating energy required for groundwater pumping. Electric pumps cover about 70% of the total available pumping energy sources in the country. However, the Gangetic plain region is dominated by diesel pumps. Please click here to read more.

The Hindu Business Line, 15 November, 2018, https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/science/double-whammy-of-groundwater-in-india-declining-reserves-and-rising-carbon-emissions/article25505377.ece

Tagged with: Groundwater depletion Groundwater level Greenhouse Gas Emissions

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