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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Encephalitis-hit kids to get special schools by Kounteya Sinha

Encephalitis-hit kids to get special schools by Kounteya Sinha

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published Published on Nov 22, 2011   modified Modified on Nov 22, 2011

Special schools will be set up for mentally challenged children in Japanese Encephalitis (JE) affected areas while fixed monthly compensation will be given to families below the poverty line having children with disability due to JE.

A group of ministers (GoM) formed to handle India's JE outbreak which included Ghulam Nabi Azad, Jairam Ramesh, Krishna Tirath and Mukul Wasnik met for the first time on Monday to finalize a new strategy. The ministry of social justice has decided to carry out a systematic review to estimate disability burden and establish rehabilitation units at district level.

Ministry in charge of drinking water supply and sanitation will strengthen measures/mechanisms for monitoring water quality and replacement of shallow hand pumps by deep bore hand pumps in acute encephalitis syndrome affected districts. Population related norms for installation of hand pumps will also be revised.

Ministry of women and child development will provide nutrition for infants and children in affected districts. Ministry of rural development will work out provisions for economic activities for the people engaged in pig rearing. Ministry of health will strengthen and expand JE vaccination, improve case management capability at district hospitals and medical colleges including medical rehabilitation and strengthen physical medicine.

The next meeting of the GoM is scheduled for Friday.

Japanese Encephalitis/Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (JE/AES) is a major public health challenge at present. Mostly children below 15 years are affected. About 25% of affected children die and, among survivors about 30- 40% suffer from physical and mental impairment. In 2011, JE/AES was reported from 135 districts of 17 states. Till November 2 this year, India recorded 6,297 JE/AES cases and 861 deaths while 70-75% of disease burden was seen in Uttar Pradesh.

Azad had earlier said that the encephalitis outbreak in Uttar Pradesh could be brought under control by replacing cast iron hand pumps with deep bore pumps. Azad had told TOI in an exclusive interview that drinking water infected with enteroviruses were causing the outbreak in UP.

He said, "A muti-sectoral task force needs to be formed to tackle this menace. The outbreak in UP is being caused mainly by enteroviruses which are water borne and not by Japanese encephalitis as earlier believed, which is vector borne. All hand pumps in the seven villages of Gorakhpur will have to be replaced."

Transmission of enterovirus infections is increased by poor hygiene and overcrowded living conditions. Enteroviruses can be found in the respiratory secretions and stool of an infected person. Other persons may become infected by direct contact with secretions from an infected person or by contact with contaminated surfaces or objects.

According to NIV Pune, in 2006, enterovirus 76 was isolated in 20% of samples and throat swabs. Thereafter, the detection has reduced to 4%. In 2009, various enteroviruses belonging to groups A and B were detected in 34% of the samples of rectal swabs.

Experts say that around four to five enteroviruses work in tandem, in clusters in particular areas. Therefore, it is difficult to identify exactly which virus is the deadly one.


The Times of India, 22 November, 2011, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Encephalitis-hit-kids-to-get-special-schools/articleshow/10822994.cms


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