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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How ‘uncontrolled, unplanned’ irrigation in northern India affects monsoon rainfall? - Shivani Gupta

How ‘uncontrolled, unplanned’ irrigation in northern India affects monsoon rainfall? - Shivani Gupta

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published Published on Jul 7, 2021   modified Modified on Jul 7, 2021

-GaonConnection.com

Climate researchers have found that excessive irrigation across the northern India is shifting the monsoon rainfall towards the northwestern parts of the country, putting the paddy farmers at an increased risk of crop failure. What is the relationship between irrigation and monsoon rainfall — a researcher explains.

A study conducted by climate researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT-B) has found that excessive irrigation in northern India shifts the September monsoon rainfall towards the northwestern part of the country, increasing the chances of crop failure for paddy farmers.

The research published in the journal ‘Geophysical Research Letters’ pointed out that in India, irrigation is exercised in an uncontrolled, unplanned manner.

Explaining the relationship between irrigation practices and monsoon rainfall, Subimal Ghosh, the researcher from IIT-B told Gaon Connection: “When evaporation happens on a large scale, cooling takes place, and the temperature in the region drops down. For instance, if we are wet, water evaporates from our body, and we feel cool.”

“The monsoon winds are normally driven by the thermal contrast. When they get cooled down due to large scale irrigation, the temperature difference affects rainfall in the region. The moistue-laden winds move towards regions where temperature is comparatively higher such as the northwestern parts of the country,” he added.

Supported by the Department of Science and Technology and his climate group, Ghosh, Convener at Interdisciplinary Programme in Climate Studies (IDPCS) — a Centre of Excellence at IIT-Bombay — investigated the impact of agricultural water use on the Indian summer monsoon using a climate model. Ghosh is also a professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the Mumbai-based institute.

Paddy being a major crop in the northern parts is cultivated by planting it in a submerged field. This results in a lot of evapotranspiration — the sum of evaporation from the land surface plus transpiration from plants. In other words, when a lot of moisture is generated from the land, the moisture is again precipitated on the land creating an overall cooling effect. This drives the monsoon laden winds towards higher temperature areas which lie in the north-west.

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GaonConnection.com, 7 July, 2021, https://en.gaonconnection.com/irrigation-northern-india-monsoon-rainfall-northwest-farmers-iit-bombay-paddy-weather-extremes-climate-change/?fbclid=IwAR0o3K5QWNYHRDM-sJySVn1GyOcfgrF-DfAxPDhbNtI0M5la5G7eMccxco0


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