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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | India aims to cap fertility rate at 2.1 by 2017-Mahendra Kumar Singh

India aims to cap fertility rate at 2.1 by 2017-Mahendra Kumar Singh

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published Published on Aug 21, 2012   modified Modified on Aug 21, 2012
-The Times of India

India aims to meet the much-awaited goal of reaching the total fertility rate(TFR) — the average number of children born to a woman —to 2.1% by the end of 12th five year plan (2012-17).

The Planning Commission is likely to set the TFR target of 2.1 in its 12th Plan document, which is likely to be cleared by National Development Council (NDC) in October.

"India is on track to achieve the target of 2.1 by 2017, which is necessary to achieve net replacement level of unity," said the Plan panel's steering committee on health. The move aims to realize the long cherished goal of the National Health Policy, 1983, and National Population Policy, 2000, the committee said.

The panel, however, noted that stagnant TFR over the last two years is a matter of concern.

The Commission is likely to set the target of reducing infant mortality rate (IMR) to 28. IMR is the probability of dying between birth and one year per 1,000 live births.

"At historical rate of decline, India is projected to have an IMR of 38 by 2015 and 34 by 2017. An achievement of the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of reducing IMR to 27 by 2015 would require an even further acceleration of this historical rate of decline," the steering committee said. "If this accelerated rate is sustained, the country can achieve an IMR of 19 by 2017," it added.

The Commission aims at reducing malnutrition among children (0-3 yrs) by half of NFHS-3 figures, along with reducing anemia among girl and women by 50%.

According to NHFS 3 (2005-06), around 23% of children were wasted and the percentage of children who were underweight stood at 40%. NFHS-3 had found high prevalence of anemia at 70% in children aged between six and 59 months and in 55% of women.

Though the Commission has set the ambitious targets in the health sector for the 12th Plan, the government had failed to meet the targets for 11th Plan (2007-12).

Plan panel's steering committee noted that India trails in health outcomes behind its neighbours like Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, which have a comparable per capita income.

The 11th Plan had set six health outcome indicators as time-bound 'goals' that included lowering maternal and infant mortality, malnutrition among children, anemia among women and girls, fertility, and raising child sex ratio.

The committee said, "Though, there has been progress on all these fronts, except child sex ratio, the goals have not been fully met."

The review of 11th Plan health targets revealed low public spending on health (1% of GDP), high out-of-pocket payments (71%) leading to impoverishment, high levels of anemia (56% among ever-married women in 15-45 age bracket) reflect in high levels of malnutrition among children (wasting 22.9%, stunting 44.9%), high infant mortality (47 per 1,000 live births) and maternal mortality (212 per 1 lakh live births).

The Times of India, 20 August, 2012, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-aims-to-cap-fertility-rate-at-2-1-by-2017/articleshow/15564007.cms


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