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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Need to create jobs, here and now -Devender Singh

Need to create jobs, here and now -Devender Singh

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published Published on Feb 28, 2019   modified Modified on Feb 28, 2019
-The Hindu Business Line

Demographic trends tell us that the working age population will continue to rise till 2040

Jobs, employment and unemployment are some of the words which have dominated the public and political debates in India in recent years. In the just concluded State elections also this issue was in prominence. For a study on ‘Demographic Dividend in India’, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) carried out population projections up to the year 2061.

As per these projections and analysis, large number of people are getting added in the working-age category of 15-59 years, and creating employment opportunities for them is a real and an urgent need.

Overall, on the population front, there is good news. Population, though growing, is doing so rather slowly. The 2011 Census revealed a notable reduction in the population growth rate. The percentage decennial growth during 2001-2011 registered the sharpest decline since Independence. For 2001-2011, this decennial growth was 17.64 per cent — a decrease of 3.9 percentage points from the period 1991-2001.

It can be safely argued that India has entered a low fertility era. Though the national Total Fertility Rate (TFR) — children per woman — is 2.3, TFR in all but seven States in India has fallen below 2.1, the replacement level of fertility. Moreover, the pace of fertility decline in the seven high fertility States has also picked up and these too are set to fall below replacement level soon.

Though the fertility has declined and will keep declining further, the population will keep growing for some more years due to a phenomenon called ‘population momentum’. As per the population projections by UNFPA, the peak population in India is expected to be 1,657 million (or 166 crore) around the year 2060. After that, it is expected to start declining, albeit slowly.

More in working age


What is to be noted here, however, is that most of the increase in population is translating into a large working-age population, as can be seen in the graph. As India has moved ahead on the demographic transition, this increase has been and will be bigger in the initial years and less in the later years.

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The Hindu Business Line, 27 February, 2019, https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/need-to-create-jobs-is-real-and-it-is-now/article26390212.ece


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