Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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        LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Negotiators strike a new climate deal by Nina Chestney &amp; Jon Herskovitz    </title>
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-Reuters


&nbsp;


Kyoto Protocol extended; environmentalists, small nations say deal lacks ambition, does not do enough





Climate negotiators agreed to a pact on Sunday that would for the first time force all the biggest polluters to take action on greenhouse gas emissions, but..."/>
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-Reuters


&nbsp;


Kyoto Protocol extended; environmentalists, small nations say deal lacks ambition, does not do enough





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                            <div style="text-align: justify">-Reuters</div><div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>Kyoto Protocol extended; environmentalists, small nations say deal lacks ambition, does not do enough</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Climate negotiators agreed to a pact on Sunday that would for the first time force all the biggest polluters to take action on greenhouse gas emissions, but critics said the action plan was not aggressive enough to slow the pace of global warming.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The package of accords extended the Kyoto Protocol, the only global pact that enforces carbon cuts, agreed to the format of a fund to help poor countries tackle climate change, and mapped out a path to a legally binding agreement on emissions reductions.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">But many small island states and developing nations at risk of being swamped by rising sea levels and extreme weather said the deal marked the lowest common denominator possible and lacked the ambition needed to ensure their survival.</div><div style="text-align: justify">Agreement on the package, reached in the early hours of Sunday, avoided a collapse of the talks and spared the blushes of host South Africa, whose stewardship of the two weeks of often fractious negotiations came under fire from rich and poor nations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We came here with plan A, and we have concluded this meeting with plan A to save one planet for the future of our children and our grandchildren to come,&rdquo; said South African foreign minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane, who chaired the talks.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We have made history,&rdquo; she said, bringing the hammer down on the Durban conference, the longest in two decades of UN climate negotiations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Delegates agreed to start work next year on a new legally binding treaty to cut greenhouse gases to be decided by 2015 and to come into force by 2020.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The process for doing so, called the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action, would &ldquo;develop a new protocol, another legal instrument or agreed outcome with legal force&rdquo; that would be applicable under the UN climate convention. That phrasing, agreed at a last-ditch huddle in the conference centre between the European Union, India, China and the US, was used by all parties to claim victory.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Britain&rsquo;s energy and climate secretary Chris Huhne said the result was &ldquo;a great success for European diplomacy&rdquo;.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We&rsquo;ve managed to bring the major emitters like the US, India and China into a roadmap that will secure an overarching global deal,&rdquo; he said.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">US climate envoy Todd Stern said Washington was satisfied with the outcome: &ldquo;We got the kind of symmetry we had been focused on since the beginning of the Obama administration. This had all the elements we were looking for.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Yet, UN climate chief Christiana Figueres acknowledged the final wording on the legal form of a future deal was ambiguous: &ldquo;What that means has yet to be decided.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Environmentalists said governments wasted valuable time by focusing on a handful of specific words in the negotiating text, and failed to raise emissions cuts to a level high enough to reduce global warming.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Sunday&rsquo;s deal follows years of failed attempts to impose legally-binding, international cuts on emerging giants, such as China and India, as well as rich nations such as the US.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The developed world had already accepted formal targets under a first phase of the Kyoto Protocol, which runs out at the end of next year, although Washington never ratified its commitment.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Sunday&rsquo;s deal extends Kyoto until the end of 2017, ensuring there is no gap between commitment periods, but EU delegates said lawyers would have to reconcile those dates with existing EU legislation.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">India&rsquo;s environment minister Jayanthi Natarajan, who gave an impassioned speech to the conference denouncing what she said was unfair pressure on New Delhi to compromise, said her country had only reluctantly agreed to the accord.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We&rsquo;ve had very intense discussions. We were not happy with reopening the text but in the spirit of flexibility and accommodation shown by all, we have shown our flexibility...we agree to adopt it,&rdquo; she said.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Small island states, in the frontline of climate change, said they had gone along with a deal but only because a collapse of the talks was of no help to their vulnerable nations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;I would have wanted to get more, but at least we have something to work with. All is not lost yet,&rdquo; said Selwin Hart, chief negotiator on finance for the coalition of small states.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Tosi Mpanu-Mpanu, head of the Africa group, added: &ldquo;It&rsquo;s a middle ground, we meet mid-way. Of course, we are not completely happy about the outcome, it lacks balance, but we believe it is starting to go into the right direction.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">UN reports released last month warned delays on a global agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions will make it harder to keep the average rise to within 2 degrees Celsius over the next century.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;It&rsquo;s certainly not the deal the planet needs&mdash;such a deal would have delivered much greater ambition on both emissions reductions and finance,&rdquo; said Alden Meyer of the Union of Concerned Scientists.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;Producing a new treaty by 2015 that is both ambitious and fair will take a mix of tough bargaining and a more collaborative spirit than we saw in the Durban conference centre these past two weeks.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>Barbara Lewis, Agnieszka Flak, Andrew Allan, Michael Szabo and Stian Reklev contributed to this story.</em></div>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://www.livemint.com/2011/12/12005307/Negotiators-strike-a-new-clima.html" class="re" target="_blank">Live Mint, 12 December, 2011, http://www.livemint.com/2011/12/12005307/Negotiators-strike-a-new-clima.html</a><div class="clear"></div>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Negotiators strike a new climate deal by Nina Chestney &amp; Jon Herskovitz</h1>
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                            <div style="text-align: justify">-Reuters</div><div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>Kyoto Protocol extended; environmentalists, small nations say deal lacks ambition, does not do enough</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Climate negotiators agreed to a pact on Sunday that would for the first time force all the biggest polluters to take action on greenhouse gas emissions, but critics said the action plan was not aggressive enough to slow the pace of global warming.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The package of accords extended the Kyoto Protocol, the only global pact that enforces carbon cuts, agreed to the format of a fund to help poor countries tackle climate change, and mapped out a path to a legally binding agreement on emissions reductions.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">But many small island states and developing nations at risk of being swamped by rising sea levels and extreme weather said the deal marked the lowest common denominator possible and lacked the ambition needed to ensure their survival.</div><div style="text-align: justify">Agreement on the package, reached in the early hours of Sunday, avoided a collapse of the talks and spared the blushes of host South Africa, whose stewardship of the two weeks of often fractious negotiations came under fire from rich and poor nations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We came here with plan A, and we have concluded this meeting with plan A to save one planet for the future of our children and our grandchildren to come,&rdquo; said South African foreign minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane, who chaired the talks.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We have made history,&rdquo; she said, bringing the hammer down on the Durban conference, the longest in two decades of UN climate negotiations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Delegates agreed to start work next year on a new legally binding treaty to cut greenhouse gases to be decided by 2015 and to come into force by 2020.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The process for doing so, called the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action, would &ldquo;develop a new protocol, another legal instrument or agreed outcome with legal force&rdquo; that would be applicable under the UN climate convention. That phrasing, agreed at a last-ditch huddle in the conference centre between the European Union, India, China and the US, was used by all parties to claim victory.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Britain&rsquo;s energy and climate secretary Chris Huhne said the result was &ldquo;a great success for European diplomacy&rdquo;.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We&rsquo;ve managed to bring the major emitters like the US, India and China into a roadmap that will secure an overarching global deal,&rdquo; he said.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">US climate envoy Todd Stern said Washington was satisfied with the outcome: &ldquo;We got the kind of symmetry we had been focused on since the beginning of the Obama administration. This had all the elements we were looking for.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Yet, UN climate chief Christiana Figueres acknowledged the final wording on the legal form of a future deal was ambiguous: &ldquo;What that means has yet to be decided.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Environmentalists said governments wasted valuable time by focusing on a handful of specific words in the negotiating text, and failed to raise emissions cuts to a level high enough to reduce global warming.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Sunday&rsquo;s deal follows years of failed attempts to impose legally-binding, international cuts on emerging giants, such as China and India, as well as rich nations such as the US.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The developed world had already accepted formal targets under a first phase of the Kyoto Protocol, which runs out at the end of next year, although Washington never ratified its commitment.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Sunday&rsquo;s deal extends Kyoto until the end of 2017, ensuring there is no gap between commitment periods, but EU delegates said lawyers would have to reconcile those dates with existing EU legislation.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">India&rsquo;s environment minister Jayanthi Natarajan, who gave an impassioned speech to the conference denouncing what she said was unfair pressure on New Delhi to compromise, said her country had only reluctantly agreed to the accord.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We&rsquo;ve had very intense discussions. We were not happy with reopening the text but in the spirit of flexibility and accommodation shown by all, we have shown our flexibility...we agree to adopt it,&rdquo; she said.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Small island states, in the frontline of climate change, said they had gone along with a deal but only because a collapse of the talks was of no help to their vulnerable nations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;I would have wanted to get more, but at least we have something to work with. All is not lost yet,&rdquo; said Selwin Hart, chief negotiator on finance for the coalition of small states.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Tosi Mpanu-Mpanu, head of the Africa group, added: &ldquo;It&rsquo;s a middle ground, we meet mid-way. Of course, we are not completely happy about the outcome, it lacks balance, but we believe it is starting to go into the right direction.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">UN reports released last month warned delays on a global agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions will make it harder to keep the average rise to within 2 degrees Celsius over the next century.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;It&rsquo;s certainly not the deal the planet needs&mdash;such a deal would have delivered much greater ambition on both emissions reductions and finance,&rdquo; said Alden Meyer of the Union of Concerned Scientists.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;Producing a new treaty by 2015 that is both ambitious and fair will take a mix of tough bargaining and a more collaborative spirit than we saw in the Durban conference centre these past two weeks.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>Barbara Lewis, Agnieszka Flak, Andrew Allan, Michael Szabo and Stian Reklev contributed to this story.</em></div>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://www.livemint.com/2011/12/12005307/Negotiators-strike-a-new-clima.html" class="re" target="_blank">Live Mint, 12 December, 2011, http://www.livemint.com/2011/12/12005307/Negotiators-strike-a-new-clima.html</a><div class="clear"></div>
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        LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Negotiators strike a new climate deal by Nina Chestney &amp; Jon Herskovitz    </title>
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-Reuters


&nbsp;


Kyoto Protocol extended; environmentalists, small nations say deal lacks ambition, does not do enough





Climate negotiators agreed to a pact on Sunday that would for the first time force all the biggest polluters to take action on greenhouse gas emissions, but..."/>
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-Reuters


&nbsp;


Kyoto Protocol extended; environmentalists, small nations say deal lacks ambition, does not do enough





Climate negotiators agreed to a pact on Sunday that would for the first time force all the biggest polluters to take action on greenhouse gas emissions, but..." />
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Negotiators strike a new climate deal by Nina Chestney &amp; Jon Herskovitz</h1>
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                            <div style="text-align: justify">-Reuters</div><div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>Kyoto Protocol extended; environmentalists, small nations say deal lacks ambition, does not do enough</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Climate negotiators agreed to a pact on Sunday that would for the first time force all the biggest polluters to take action on greenhouse gas emissions, but critics said the action plan was not aggressive enough to slow the pace of global warming.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The package of accords extended the Kyoto Protocol, the only global pact that enforces carbon cuts, agreed to the format of a fund to help poor countries tackle climate change, and mapped out a path to a legally binding agreement on emissions reductions.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">But many small island states and developing nations at risk of being swamped by rising sea levels and extreme weather said the deal marked the lowest common denominator possible and lacked the ambition needed to ensure their survival.</div><div style="text-align: justify">Agreement on the package, reached in the early hours of Sunday, avoided a collapse of the talks and spared the blushes of host South Africa, whose stewardship of the two weeks of often fractious negotiations came under fire from rich and poor nations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We came here with plan A, and we have concluded this meeting with plan A to save one planet for the future of our children and our grandchildren to come,&rdquo; said South African foreign minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane, who chaired the talks.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We have made history,&rdquo; she said, bringing the hammer down on the Durban conference, the longest in two decades of UN climate negotiations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Delegates agreed to start work next year on a new legally binding treaty to cut greenhouse gases to be decided by 2015 and to come into force by 2020.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The process for doing so, called the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action, would &ldquo;develop a new protocol, another legal instrument or agreed outcome with legal force&rdquo; that would be applicable under the UN climate convention. That phrasing, agreed at a last-ditch huddle in the conference centre between the European Union, India, China and the US, was used by all parties to claim victory.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Britain&rsquo;s energy and climate secretary Chris Huhne said the result was &ldquo;a great success for European diplomacy&rdquo;.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We&rsquo;ve managed to bring the major emitters like the US, India and China into a roadmap that will secure an overarching global deal,&rdquo; he said.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">US climate envoy Todd Stern said Washington was satisfied with the outcome: &ldquo;We got the kind of symmetry we had been focused on since the beginning of the Obama administration. This had all the elements we were looking for.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Yet, UN climate chief Christiana Figueres acknowledged the final wording on the legal form of a future deal was ambiguous: &ldquo;What that means has yet to be decided.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Environmentalists said governments wasted valuable time by focusing on a handful of specific words in the negotiating text, and failed to raise emissions cuts to a level high enough to reduce global warming.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Sunday&rsquo;s deal follows years of failed attempts to impose legally-binding, international cuts on emerging giants, such as China and India, as well as rich nations such as the US.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The developed world had already accepted formal targets under a first phase of the Kyoto Protocol, which runs out at the end of next year, although Washington never ratified its commitment.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Sunday&rsquo;s deal extends Kyoto until the end of 2017, ensuring there is no gap between commitment periods, but EU delegates said lawyers would have to reconcile those dates with existing EU legislation.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">India&rsquo;s environment minister Jayanthi Natarajan, who gave an impassioned speech to the conference denouncing what she said was unfair pressure on New Delhi to compromise, said her country had only reluctantly agreed to the accord.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;We&rsquo;ve had very intense discussions. We were not happy with reopening the text but in the spirit of flexibility and accommodation shown by all, we have shown our flexibility...we agree to adopt it,&rdquo; she said.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Small island states, in the frontline of climate change, said they had gone along with a deal but only because a collapse of the talks was of no help to their vulnerable nations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;I would have wanted to get more, but at least we have something to work with. All is not lost yet,&rdquo; said Selwin Hart, chief negotiator on finance for the coalition of small states.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Tosi Mpanu-Mpanu, head of the Africa group, added: &ldquo;It&rsquo;s a middle ground, we meet mid-way. Of course, we are not completely happy about the outcome, it lacks balance, but we believe it is starting to go into the right direction.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">UN reports released last month warned delays on a global agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions will make it harder to keep the average rise to within 2 degrees Celsius over the next century.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;It&rsquo;s certainly not the deal the planet needs&mdash;such a deal would have delivered much greater ambition on both emissions reductions and finance,&rdquo; said Alden Meyer of the Union of Concerned Scientists.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;Producing a new treaty by 2015 that is both ambitious and fair will take a mix of tough bargaining and a more collaborative spirit than we saw in the Durban conference centre these past two weeks.&rdquo;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>Barbara Lewis, Agnieszka Flak, Andrew Allan, Michael Szabo and Stian Reklev contributed to this story.</em></div>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://www.livemint.com/2011/12/12005307/Negotiators-strike-a-new-clima.html" class="re" target="_blank">Live Mint, 12 December, 2011, http://www.livemint.com/2011/12/12005307/Negotiators-strike-a-new-clima.html</a><div class="clear"></div>
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Negotiators strike a new climate deal by Nina Chestney & Jon Herskovitz

Published on Dec 11, 2011   Modified on Dec 11, 2011

-Reuters   Kyoto Protocol extended; environmentalists, small nations say deal lacks ambition, does not do enough Climate negotiators agreed to a pact on Sunday that would for the first time force all the biggest polluters to take action on greenhouse gas emissions, but critics said the action plan was not aggressive enough to slow the pace of global warming. The package of accords extended the Kyoto Protocol, the only global pact that enforces carbon cuts, agreed to the format of a fund to help poor countries tackle climate change, and mapped out a path to a legally binding agreement on emissions reductions. But many small island states and developing nations at risk of being swamped by rising sea levels and extreme weather said the deal marked the lowest common denominator possible and lacked the ambition needed to ensure their survival. Agreement on the package, reached in the early hours of Sunday, avoided a collapse of the talks and spared the blushes of host South Africa, whose stewardship of the two weeks of often fractious negotiations came under fire from rich and poor nations. “We came here with plan A, and we have concluded this meeting with plan A to save one planet for the future of our children and our grandchildren to come,” said South African foreign minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane, who chaired the talks. “We have made history,” she said, bringing the hammer down on the Durban conference, the longest in two decades of UN climate negotiations. Delegates agreed to start work next year on a new legally binding treaty to cut greenhouse gases to be decided by 2015 and to come into force by 2020. The process for doing so, called the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action, would “develop a new protocol, another legal instrument or agreed outcome with legal force” that would be applicable under the UN climate convention. That phrasing, agreed at a last-ditch huddle in the conference centre between the European Union, India, China and the US, was used by all parties to claim victory. Britain’s energy and climate secretary Chris Huhne said the result was “a great success for European diplomacy”. “We’ve managed to bring the major emitters like the US, India and China into a roadmap that will secure an overarching global deal,” he said. US climate envoy Todd Stern said Washington was satisfied with the outcome: “We got the kind of symmetry we had been focused on since the beginning of the Obama administration. This had all the elements we were looking for.” Yet, UN climate chief Christiana Figueres acknowledged the final wording on the legal form of a future deal was ambiguous: “What that means has yet to be decided.” Environmentalists said governments wasted valuable time by focusing on a handful of specific words in the negotiating text, and failed to raise emissions cuts to a level high enough to reduce global warming. Sunday’s deal follows years of failed attempts to impose legally-binding, international cuts on emerging giants, such as China and India, as well as rich nations such as the US. The developed world had already accepted formal targets under a first phase of the Kyoto Protocol, which runs out at the end of next year, although Washington never ratified its commitment. Sunday’s deal extends Kyoto until the end of 2017, ensuring there is no gap between commitment periods, but EU delegates said lawyers would have to reconcile those dates with existing EU legislation. India’s environment minister Jayanthi Natarajan, who gave an impassioned speech to the conference denouncing what she said was unfair pressure on New Delhi to compromise, said her country had only reluctantly agreed to the accord. “We’ve had very intense discussions. We were not happy with reopening the text but in the spirit of flexibility and accommodation shown by all, we have shown our flexibility...we agree to adopt it,” she said. Small island states, in the frontline of climate change, said they had gone along with a deal but only because a collapse of the talks was of no help to their vulnerable nations. “I would have wanted to get more, but at least we have something to work with. All is not lost yet,” said Selwin Hart, chief negotiator on finance for the coalition of small states. Tosi Mpanu-Mpanu, head of the Africa group, added: “It’s a middle ground, we meet mid-way. Of course, we are not completely happy about the outcome, it lacks balance, but we believe it is starting to go into the right direction.” UN reports released last month warned delays on a global agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions will make it harder to keep the average rise to within 2 degrees Celsius over the next century. “It’s certainly not the deal the planet needs—such a deal would have delivered much greater ambition on both emissions reductions and finance,” said Alden Meyer of the Union of Concerned Scientists. “Producing a new treaty by 2015 that is both ambitious and fair will take a mix of tough bargaining and a more collaborative spirit than we saw in the Durban conference centre these past two weeks.” Barbara Lewis, Agnieszka Flak, Andrew Allan, Michael Szabo and Stian Reklev contributed to this story.

Live Mint, 12 December, 2011, http://www.livemint.com/2011/12/12005307/Negotiators-strike-a-new-clima.html

Tagged with: climate change

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