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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | No one loves the farmer -Ashok Gulati & Siraj Hussain

No one loves the farmer -Ashok Gulati & Siraj Hussain

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published Published on Feb 13, 2017   modified Modified on Feb 13, 2017
-The Indian Express

They are the largest constituency in UP. Yet, all parties have overlooked their issues

Next month, Uttar Pradesh (UP) will have a new popular government, hopefully with a clear mandate. If UP was a country, with a population reportedly of more than 214 million in 2015 (as per UN population projections), it would have been the fifth most populous country in the world after China, India, US and Indonesia. Holding free and fair elections in such a large state is a proud moment for democracy, which is supposed to be for the people, by the people. One of the key objectives of such a democratically elected government is to adopt policies that can quickly alleviate hunger and poverty and create an environment where people can enjoy peace and prosperity.

UP is primarily a rural and agri-dominated state. More than 77 per cent of its population resides in rural areas; about 60 per cent of its work force is engaged in agriculture as the 2011 Census shows. It is blessed with one of the most fertile plains in the world, with almost 80 per cent of its cropped area having irrigation, although Bundelkhand has just 40 per cent irrigation cover. UP supports almost 17 per cent of all India’s population with roughly 13 per cent of India’s gross cropped area (GCA) and 7.4 per cent of geographical area.

Almost 80 per cent of its cropped area is under foodgrains with yields that are lower than all-India averages. During 2005-06 to 2014-15, UP’s agri-GDP growth has been 3.2 per cent per annum, somewhat below the all-India average of 3.6 per cent, but almost one-third of the growth rate experienced by neighbouring Madhya Pradesh (9.7 per cent), and less than half of Chhattisgarh (6.6 per cent). Even Bihar scored a better agri-GDP growth of 4.6 per cent during the same period. No wonder UP’s per capita income remains less than half of the all-India average, and almost 30 per cent of its population is poor, against 22 per cent at an all-India level, as based on the Tendulkar poverty line in 2011.

Both BJP and SP manifestos promise goodies for farmers. For example, BJP’s manifesto promises a waiver of crop loans for small and marginal farmers, interest-free crop loans and a Chief Minister’s Irrigation Fund. SP promises 75 per cent of the state budget committed for farmers and agriculture, boosting investment in cold chains and extending an interest subsidy to Kisan Credit Card (KCC) holders. Congress’s manifesto pitches for safety nets through MGNREGA and the National Food Security Act, essentially a dole model. Conspicuously, BSP is silent so far on farmers’ issues.

But all parties seem to have missed the basic problems of UP’s peasantry: If there is one thing about which UP farmers are dismayed, it is low prices for their major crops. Even though UP is the largest producer of wheat in the country (30 million tonnes (mt) in 2016-17), it procured just 0.8 mt in 2016-17, compared to 10.6 mt by Punjab, 6.7 mt by Haryana and 4 mt by MP. With rice too, the situation is only marginally better, but way below Punjab, Andhra Pradesh, even Chhattisgarh. As a result, paddy and wheat farmers often sell their crops even at 10-25 per cent below minimum support prices (MSP). And this happens, ironically, even in Varanasi mandal which happens to be the constituency of our prime minister.

In the case of sugarcane, another important crop, the State Advised Prices (SAP) are generally higher than the Fair and Remunerative Prices (FRP) announced by the Centre. But over the last three years, when sugar prices ruled low, factories could not pay the SAP for cane; as a result, massive cane arrears accumulated, crossing Rs 9,700 crore by March-end, 2015, leading to farmers’ distress. This issue is not fully resolved and keeps popping up in election campaigns. Many farmers are still selling cane to khandsari units at Rs 250/quintal, despite the SAP being Rs 305/quintal.

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The Indian Express, 13 February, 2017, http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/uttar-pradesh-assembly-elections-agriculture-up-farmers-no-one-loves-the-farmer-4521269/


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