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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | The key demographic transitions captured by the 5th round of NFHS -Abhishek Jha

The key demographic transitions captured by the 5th round of NFHS -Abhishek Jha

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published Published on Nov 25, 2021   modified Modified on Nov 26, 2021

-Hindustan Times

NFHS-5, the most comprehensive survey on socio-economic and health indicators in the country, shows some surprising demographic transitions.

The Union health ministry released the summary findings of the fifth round of the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-5), conducted in two phases between 2019 and 2021, on November 24. NFHS is the most comprehensive survey on socio-economic and health indicators in the country. While the results of the first phase were released in December last year, country-level statistics were released only on Wednesday. The previous four rounds of the NFHS were conducted in 1992-93, 1998-99, 2005-06 and 2015-16.

The results of the survey show some surprising demographic transitions, such as women outnumbering men, and some expected ones, such as fertility rates declining. They also highlight the health challenges that remain, such as moving towards addressing nutrition deficiency apart from just food adequacy. And they offer a more sobering picture of the impact of government’s schemes on access to basic amenities such as clean cooking fuel and improved sanitation. Here are four charts that show this.

Women outnumber men, fertility has decreased, and India is getting older

NFHS-5 data shows that there were 1,020 women for 1000 men in the country in 2019-2021. This is the highest sex ratio for any NFHS survey as well as since the first modern synchronous census conducted in 1881. To be sure, in the 2005-06 NFHS, the sex ratio was 1,000 or women and men were equal in number.

The improved sex ratio is not the only big demographic transition that the latest round of NFHS has revealed. The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has also come down below the threshold at which the population is expected to replace itself from one generation to next. TFR was 2 in 2019-2021, just below the replacement fertility rate of 2.1. To be sure, in rural areas, the TFR is still 2.1. In urban areas, TFR had gone below the replacement fertility rate in the 2015-16 NFHS itself.

Please click here to read more. 

Kindly click here to access the NFHS-5 India factsheet. 

Kindly click here to access the Combined Factsheet Compendium (STATES/UTs FROM PHASE-I).

Kindly click here to access the Combined Factsheet Compendium (STATES/UTs FROM PHASE-II).


Hindustan Times, 25 November, 2021, https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/the-key-demographic-transitions-captured-by-the-5th-round-of-nfhs-101637777904158.html


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