Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">The New Forest Policy Is a Lesson in Missing the Woods for the Trees -Sutirtha Dutta</h1>
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		 Published on</span><span class="text-date"> Apr 24, 2018</span>
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                            <div align="justify">-TheWire.in<br /><br /><em>Our progress in conserving natural heritage, environmental stability and ecosystem services is measured solely through the lens of tree cover. It shouldn't.<br /></em><br />India&rsquo;s non-forest ecosystems are biting the dust in the absence of a holistic conservation policy. In place of the latter, we have a new National Forest Policy that outlines the use of forests in legally binding terms.<br /><br />First drafted by the British to maximise timber production, this policy was revised three decades later, in 1988, to put conservation before commerce. While the revised policy aimed to safeguard environmental stability, natural heritage and ecosystem services, it focused entirely on forests. Forests are spaces dominated by trees that are rich in plants and animals, provide ecosystem services such as clean air, water, fuelwood and fodder, and have economic values in terms of tourism and timber.<br /><br />However, our natural heritage extends beyond forests and includes deserts, grasslands and aquatic ecosystems that are just as important for biodiversity, ecosystem services and economic values. Yet these ecosystems were excluded from the only conservation policy we had because they were not forests.<br /><br />Today, we have an opportunity to rectify this mistake as our policymakers revise the National Forest Policy in light of emergent issues in forest use and conservation.<br /><br />The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change uploaded an online draft of the policy for civil societies to comment. In its current form, the policy reiterates its past mistakes, as grasslands and deserts are not considered in it. Instead, they receive a management prescription that will imperil their ecologies.<br /><br />The draft prescribes that &ldquo;Adequate measures will be taken to increase rapidly the forest cover on &hellip; semi-arid, and desert tracts&rdquo; and that &ldquo;afforestation programs under Compensatory Afforestation Fund will be carried out in semi-arid and desert&rdquo;.<br /><br />Afforestation means creating a forest from scratch by planting trees in areas such as grasslands and deserts. Why would that be problematic? The environmental benefits of trees are common knowledge, and planting them is a noble service. However, studies have shown that the ecological benevolence of trees is not universal.<br /><br />Ecosystems such as grasslands and deserts have been naturally devoid of trees since prehistoric times. Their treelessness has facilitated unique adaptions among species that are incompatible with forests.<br /><br />For example, the critically endangered great Indian bustard, a large and upright grassland bird, is ever watchful of its surroundings to avoid predation. It lacks a hind toe, which helps other birds to perch on trees, and spends its life on the ground. Similarly, the chinkara, a springy desert antelope, can outrun its predator in open foraging grounds.<br /><br />The bustard, chinkara and many fellow non-forest animals can&rsquo;t tolerate the impaired visibility and compromised movement that come with an excess of trees. When grasslands and deserts are turned into woods, as has been done on many occasions, these animals abandon their homes for open pastures. Why then should growing forests where grasslands and deserts have prevailed since antiquity be our policy?<br /><br />Among the justifications that have resurfaced, few deserve mention. Grasslands and deserts have long been mistaken as the &lsquo;unnatural&rsquo; product of anthropogenic degradation of forests. Current scientific understanding, however, discards this myth, certifying India&rsquo;s grasslands and deserts as &lsquo;natural&rsquo; ecological entities that have been around since before the first humans in the region.<br /><br />Second, we have missed the woods for the trees. Our progress in conserving natural heritage, environmental stability and ecosystem services is measured solely through the lens of tree cover. As a result, the indicator has replaced the motive even as management focuses on increasing or maintaining tree cover without reflecting on whether these efforts address local conservation issues.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees" title="https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>                                                           
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    <br><a href="https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees" class="re" target="_blank">TheWire.in, 22 April, 2018, https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees</a><div class="clear"></div>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">The New Forest Policy Is a Lesson in Missing the Woods for the Trees -Sutirtha Dutta</h1>
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                            <div align="justify">-TheWire.in<br /><br /><em>Our progress in conserving natural heritage, environmental stability and ecosystem services is measured solely through the lens of tree cover. It shouldn't.<br /></em><br />India&rsquo;s non-forest ecosystems are biting the dust in the absence of a holistic conservation policy. In place of the latter, we have a new National Forest Policy that outlines the use of forests in legally binding terms.<br /><br />First drafted by the British to maximise timber production, this policy was revised three decades later, in 1988, to put conservation before commerce. While the revised policy aimed to safeguard environmental stability, natural heritage and ecosystem services, it focused entirely on forests. Forests are spaces dominated by trees that are rich in plants and animals, provide ecosystem services such as clean air, water, fuelwood and fodder, and have economic values in terms of tourism and timber.<br /><br />However, our natural heritage extends beyond forests and includes deserts, grasslands and aquatic ecosystems that are just as important for biodiversity, ecosystem services and economic values. Yet these ecosystems were excluded from the only conservation policy we had because they were not forests.<br /><br />Today, we have an opportunity to rectify this mistake as our policymakers revise the National Forest Policy in light of emergent issues in forest use and conservation.<br /><br />The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change uploaded an online draft of the policy for civil societies to comment. In its current form, the policy reiterates its past mistakes, as grasslands and deserts are not considered in it. Instead, they receive a management prescription that will imperil their ecologies.<br /><br />The draft prescribes that &ldquo;Adequate measures will be taken to increase rapidly the forest cover on &hellip; semi-arid, and desert tracts&rdquo; and that &ldquo;afforestation programs under Compensatory Afforestation Fund will be carried out in semi-arid and desert&rdquo;.<br /><br />Afforestation means creating a forest from scratch by planting trees in areas such as grasslands and deserts. Why would that be problematic? The environmental benefits of trees are common knowledge, and planting them is a noble service. However, studies have shown that the ecological benevolence of trees is not universal.<br /><br />Ecosystems such as grasslands and deserts have been naturally devoid of trees since prehistoric times. Their treelessness has facilitated unique adaptions among species that are incompatible with forests.<br /><br />For example, the critically endangered great Indian bustard, a large and upright grassland bird, is ever watchful of its surroundings to avoid predation. It lacks a hind toe, which helps other birds to perch on trees, and spends its life on the ground. Similarly, the chinkara, a springy desert antelope, can outrun its predator in open foraging grounds.<br /><br />The bustard, chinkara and many fellow non-forest animals can&rsquo;t tolerate the impaired visibility and compromised movement that come with an excess of trees. When grasslands and deserts are turned into woods, as has been done on many occasions, these animals abandon their homes for open pastures. Why then should growing forests where grasslands and deserts have prevailed since antiquity be our policy?<br /><br />Among the justifications that have resurfaced, few deserve mention. Grasslands and deserts have long been mistaken as the &lsquo;unnatural&rsquo; product of anthropogenic degradation of forests. Current scientific understanding, however, discards this myth, certifying India&rsquo;s grasslands and deserts as &lsquo;natural&rsquo; ecological entities that have been around since before the first humans in the region.<br /><br />Second, we have missed the woods for the trees. Our progress in conserving natural heritage, environmental stability and ecosystem services is measured solely through the lens of tree cover. As a result, the indicator has replaced the motive even as management focuses on increasing or maintaining tree cover without reflecting on whether these efforts address local conservation issues.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees" title="https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>                                                           
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    <br><a href="https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees" class="re" target="_blank">TheWire.in, 22 April, 2018, https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees</a><div class="clear"></div>
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                            <div align="justify">-TheWire.in<br /><br /><em>Our progress in conserving natural heritage, environmental stability and ecosystem services is measured solely through the lens of tree cover. It shouldn't.<br /></em><br />India&rsquo;s non-forest ecosystems are biting the dust in the absence of a holistic conservation policy. In place of the latter, we have a new National Forest Policy that outlines the use of forests in legally binding terms.<br /><br />First drafted by the British to maximise timber production, this policy was revised three decades later, in 1988, to put conservation before commerce. While the revised policy aimed to safeguard environmental stability, natural heritage and ecosystem services, it focused entirely on forests. Forests are spaces dominated by trees that are rich in plants and animals, provide ecosystem services such as clean air, water, fuelwood and fodder, and have economic values in terms of tourism and timber.<br /><br />However, our natural heritage extends beyond forests and includes deserts, grasslands and aquatic ecosystems that are just as important for biodiversity, ecosystem services and economic values. Yet these ecosystems were excluded from the only conservation policy we had because they were not forests.<br /><br />Today, we have an opportunity to rectify this mistake as our policymakers revise the National Forest Policy in light of emergent issues in forest use and conservation.<br /><br />The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change uploaded an online draft of the policy for civil societies to comment. In its current form, the policy reiterates its past mistakes, as grasslands and deserts are not considered in it. Instead, they receive a management prescription that will imperil their ecologies.<br /><br />The draft prescribes that &ldquo;Adequate measures will be taken to increase rapidly the forest cover on &hellip; semi-arid, and desert tracts&rdquo; and that &ldquo;afforestation programs under Compensatory Afforestation Fund will be carried out in semi-arid and desert&rdquo;.<br /><br />Afforestation means creating a forest from scratch by planting trees in areas such as grasslands and deserts. Why would that be problematic? The environmental benefits of trees are common knowledge, and planting them is a noble service. However, studies have shown that the ecological benevolence of trees is not universal.<br /><br />Ecosystems such as grasslands and deserts have been naturally devoid of trees since prehistoric times. Their treelessness has facilitated unique adaptions among species that are incompatible with forests.<br /><br />For example, the critically endangered great Indian bustard, a large and upright grassland bird, is ever watchful of its surroundings to avoid predation. It lacks a hind toe, which helps other birds to perch on trees, and spends its life on the ground. Similarly, the chinkara, a springy desert antelope, can outrun its predator in open foraging grounds.<br /><br />The bustard, chinkara and many fellow non-forest animals can&rsquo;t tolerate the impaired visibility and compromised movement that come with an excess of trees. When grasslands and deserts are turned into woods, as has been done on many occasions, these animals abandon their homes for open pastures. Why then should growing forests where grasslands and deserts have prevailed since antiquity be our policy?<br /><br />Among the justifications that have resurfaced, few deserve mention. Grasslands and deserts have long been mistaken as the &lsquo;unnatural&rsquo; product of anthropogenic degradation of forests. Current scientific understanding, however, discards this myth, certifying India&rsquo;s grasslands and deserts as &lsquo;natural&rsquo; ecological entities that have been around since before the first humans in the region.<br /><br />Second, we have missed the woods for the trees. Our progress in conserving natural heritage, environmental stability and ecosystem services is measured solely through the lens of tree cover. As a result, the indicator has replaced the motive even as management focuses on increasing or maintaining tree cover without reflecting on whether these efforts address local conservation issues.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees" title="https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>                                                           
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    <br><a href="https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees" class="re" target="_blank">TheWire.in, 22 April, 2018, https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees</a><div class="clear"></div>
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                   title="forest rights act">
                    forest rights act                </a>
                                <a class="tagcloud5"
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The New Forest Policy Is a Lesson in Missing the Woods for the Trees -Sutirtha Dutta

Published on Apr 24, 2018   Modified on Apr 24, 2018

-TheWire.in Our progress in conserving natural heritage, environmental stability and ecosystem services is measured solely through the lens of tree cover. It shouldn't. India’s non-forest ecosystems are biting the dust in the absence of a holistic conservation policy. In place of the latter, we have a new National Forest Policy that outlines the use of forests in legally binding terms. First drafted by the British to maximise timber production, this policy was revised three decades later, in 1988, to put conservation before commerce. While the revised policy aimed to safeguard environmental stability, natural heritage and ecosystem services, it focused entirely on forests. Forests are spaces dominated by trees that are rich in plants and animals, provide ecosystem services such as clean air, water, fuelwood and fodder, and have economic values in terms of tourism and timber. However, our natural heritage extends beyond forests and includes deserts, grasslands and aquatic ecosystems that are just as important for biodiversity, ecosystem services and economic values. Yet these ecosystems were excluded from the only conservation policy we had because they were not forests. Today, we have an opportunity to rectify this mistake as our policymakers revise the National Forest Policy in light of emergent issues in forest use and conservation. The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change uploaded an online draft of the policy for civil societies to comment. In its current form, the policy reiterates its past mistakes, as grasslands and deserts are not considered in it. Instead, they receive a management prescription that will imperil their ecologies. The draft prescribes that “Adequate measures will be taken to increase rapidly the forest cover on … semi-arid, and desert tracts” and that “afforestation programs under Compensatory Afforestation Fund will be carried out in semi-arid and desert”. Afforestation means creating a forest from scratch by planting trees in areas such as grasslands and deserts. Why would that be problematic? The environmental benefits of trees are common knowledge, and planting them is a noble service. However, studies have shown that the ecological benevolence of trees is not universal. Ecosystems such as grasslands and deserts have been naturally devoid of trees since prehistoric times. Their treelessness has facilitated unique adaptions among species that are incompatible with forests. For example, the critically endangered great Indian bustard, a large and upright grassland bird, is ever watchful of its surroundings to avoid predation. It lacks a hind toe, which helps other birds to perch on trees, and spends its life on the ground. Similarly, the chinkara, a springy desert antelope, can outrun its predator in open foraging grounds. The bustard, chinkara and many fellow non-forest animals can’t tolerate the impaired visibility and compromised movement that come with an excess of trees. When grasslands and deserts are turned into woods, as has been done on many occasions, these animals abandon their homes for open pastures. Why then should growing forests where grasslands and deserts have prevailed since antiquity be our policy? Among the justifications that have resurfaced, few deserve mention. Grasslands and deserts have long been mistaken as the ‘unnatural’ product of anthropogenic degradation of forests. Current scientific understanding, however, discards this myth, certifying India’s grasslands and deserts as ‘natural’ ecological entities that have been around since before the first humans in the region. Second, we have missed the woods for the trees. Our progress in conserving natural heritage, environmental stability and ecosystem services is measured solely through the lens of tree cover. As a result, the indicator has replaced the motive even as management focuses on increasing or maintaining tree cover without reflecting on whether these efforts address local conservation issues. Please click here to read more.

TheWire.in, 22 April, 2018, https://thewire.in/environment/the-new-forest-policy-is-a-lesson-in-missing-the-woods-for-the-trees

Tagged with: Wildlife Conservation forest resources forest rights forest rights act Draft National Forest Policy

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