Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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        LATEST NEWS UPDATES | The worm in Bt brinjal-Sreelatha Menon    </title>
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A new study questions safety assessments of Bt brinjal, asks for an independent regulator 

Does it matter if the gene introduced in Bt brinjal varies from the natural brinjal by 70 amino acids rather than by one? What if the..."/>
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A new study questions safety assessments of Bt brinjal, asks for an independent regulator 

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                            <br /><div align="justify"><em>A new study questions safety assessments of Bt brinjal, asks for an independent regulator <br /></em><br />Does it matter if the gene introduced in Bt brinjal varies from the natural brinjal by 70 amino acids rather than by one? What if the regulators in the country fail to detect this and rubber stamp a genetically-engineered vegetable on the basis of the premise submitted by the company that produced it &mdash; Mahyco in this case?<br /><br />The after-effects of the altered variety would consequently escape the attention of the regulators and the consumers would brave the brunt. A study conducted by an international research institute and commissioned by activist Aruna Rodrigues has said Bt brinjal was approved by the regulators on the basis of a wrong premise. The regulator Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) of the Ministry of Environment was misled or chose to be so, says Rodrigues.<br /><br />Fortunately, for consumers and to the chagrin of the UPA government, the then Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh chose to put a moratorium on Bt brinjal till such time as research proved its safety for consumer.<br /><br />Now to the study that calls for a review of the regulation mechanism of biologically-engineered food produce in India: Dr Jack A Heinemann, professor of genetics and molecular biology, Centre for Integrated Research in Biosafety, University of Canterbury in New Zealand, did a molecular analysis of the Bt gene in response to a request by Rodrigues to look at the evaluation conducted by the GEAC.<br /><br />Rodrigues is the chief petitioner in a PIL on GM crops in the Supreme Court filed in 2005.<br /><br />Bt Brinjal has been developed with a pesticidal crystal protein Cry1Ac to give resistance against lepidopteron insects, in particular the brinjal fruit and shoot borer.<br /><br />The problem comes in the mismatch between the claims of the developer and the failure of the regulators to verify them.<br /><br />Cry1Ac protein is not derived from nature but made from a series of in vitro modifications. The first 40 per cent of the amino acids found in Cry1Ac2 were replaced with 466 amino acids from Cry1Ab, another insecticidal protein. The developer has claimed that the fusion construct is 99.4 per cent identical in amino acid order to the natural Cry1Ac protein. However, when Heinemann constructed the fusion, he found that it was maximum of 94 per cent identical to Cry1Ac and only 95 per cent identical to Cry1Ab. Based on these matches, it is also not clear why the developer has historically called their fusion construct after Cy1Ac rather than Cry1Ab, wonders the scientist. At 99.4 per cent identity, he says there would be approximately seven amino acid differences between the fusion and the natural Cry1Ac as described by Monsanto. At 94 per cent identity there could be up to 70 different amino acids, he says. According to him, changes of a single amino acid can significantly alter the characteristics of proteins. And one of them is immunogenicity.<br /><br />Says Rodrigues: It exposes the lapses on the part of our regulators. We don&rsquo;t have any Bt expert in this country and the study underlines the need for independent studies before clearing a GM crop.<br /><br />In a letter to Jairam Ramesh recently, she cites the study and blames what she calls regulatory lapses &ldquo;to the huge conflict of interest that exists and, therefore, the alarming degree of &lsquo;interest&rsquo; there is to push for GM crops in Indian agriculture and Monsanto in particular&rdquo;. Gyanendra Shukla, director, Monsanto, says the study will be looked into while Mahyco officials have chosen not to comment.<br /><br />Meanwhile, what the study underlines is something larger than Bt brinjal. It is about the need to have an independent regulator guided only by scientific evidence and not by anything else, as Heinemann says.</div>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/sreelatha-menonworm-in-bt-brinjal/468903/" class="re" target="_blank">The Business Standard, 25 March, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/sreelatha-menonworm-in-bt-brinjal/468903/</a><div class="clear"></div>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">The worm in Bt brinjal-Sreelatha Menon</h1>
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                            <br /><div align="justify"><em>A new study questions safety assessments of Bt brinjal, asks for an independent regulator <br /></em><br />Does it matter if the gene introduced in Bt brinjal varies from the natural brinjal by 70 amino acids rather than by one? What if the regulators in the country fail to detect this and rubber stamp a genetically-engineered vegetable on the basis of the premise submitted by the company that produced it &mdash; Mahyco in this case?<br /><br />The after-effects of the altered variety would consequently escape the attention of the regulators and the consumers would brave the brunt. A study conducted by an international research institute and commissioned by activist Aruna Rodrigues has said Bt brinjal was approved by the regulators on the basis of a wrong premise. The regulator Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) of the Ministry of Environment was misled or chose to be so, says Rodrigues.<br /><br />Fortunately, for consumers and to the chagrin of the UPA government, the then Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh chose to put a moratorium on Bt brinjal till such time as research proved its safety for consumer.<br /><br />Now to the study that calls for a review of the regulation mechanism of biologically-engineered food produce in India: Dr Jack A Heinemann, professor of genetics and molecular biology, Centre for Integrated Research in Biosafety, University of Canterbury in New Zealand, did a molecular analysis of the Bt gene in response to a request by Rodrigues to look at the evaluation conducted by the GEAC.<br /><br />Rodrigues is the chief petitioner in a PIL on GM crops in the Supreme Court filed in 2005.<br /><br />Bt Brinjal has been developed with a pesticidal crystal protein Cry1Ac to give resistance against lepidopteron insects, in particular the brinjal fruit and shoot borer.<br /><br />The problem comes in the mismatch between the claims of the developer and the failure of the regulators to verify them.<br /><br />Cry1Ac protein is not derived from nature but made from a series of in vitro modifications. The first 40 per cent of the amino acids found in Cry1Ac2 were replaced with 466 amino acids from Cry1Ab, another insecticidal protein. The developer has claimed that the fusion construct is 99.4 per cent identical in amino acid order to the natural Cry1Ac protein. However, when Heinemann constructed the fusion, he found that it was maximum of 94 per cent identical to Cry1Ac and only 95 per cent identical to Cry1Ab. Based on these matches, it is also not clear why the developer has historically called their fusion construct after Cy1Ac rather than Cry1Ab, wonders the scientist. At 99.4 per cent identity, he says there would be approximately seven amino acid differences between the fusion and the natural Cry1Ac as described by Monsanto. At 94 per cent identity there could be up to 70 different amino acids, he says. According to him, changes of a single amino acid can significantly alter the characteristics of proteins. And one of them is immunogenicity.<br /><br />Says Rodrigues: It exposes the lapses on the part of our regulators. We don&rsquo;t have any Bt expert in this country and the study underlines the need for independent studies before clearing a GM crop.<br /><br />In a letter to Jairam Ramesh recently, she cites the study and blames what she calls regulatory lapses &ldquo;to the huge conflict of interest that exists and, therefore, the alarming degree of &lsquo;interest&rsquo; there is to push for GM crops in Indian agriculture and Monsanto in particular&rdquo;. Gyanendra Shukla, director, Monsanto, says the study will be looked into while Mahyco officials have chosen not to comment.<br /><br />Meanwhile, what the study underlines is something larger than Bt brinjal. It is about the need to have an independent regulator guided only by scientific evidence and not by anything else, as Heinemann says.</div>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/sreelatha-menonworm-in-bt-brinjal/468903/" class="re" target="_blank">The Business Standard, 25 March, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/sreelatha-menonworm-in-bt-brinjal/468903/</a><div class="clear"></div>
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A new study questions safety assessments of Bt brinjal, asks for an independent regulator 

Does it matter if the gene introduced in Bt brinjal varies from the natural brinjal by 70 amino acids rather than by one? What if the..."/>
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A new study questions safety assessments of Bt brinjal, asks for an independent regulator 

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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">The worm in Bt brinjal-Sreelatha Menon</h1>
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                            <br /><div align="justify"><em>A new study questions safety assessments of Bt brinjal, asks for an independent regulator <br /></em><br />Does it matter if the gene introduced in Bt brinjal varies from the natural brinjal by 70 amino acids rather than by one? What if the regulators in the country fail to detect this and rubber stamp a genetically-engineered vegetable on the basis of the premise submitted by the company that produced it &mdash; Mahyco in this case?<br /><br />The after-effects of the altered variety would consequently escape the attention of the regulators and the consumers would brave the brunt. A study conducted by an international research institute and commissioned by activist Aruna Rodrigues has said Bt brinjal was approved by the regulators on the basis of a wrong premise. The regulator Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) of the Ministry of Environment was misled or chose to be so, says Rodrigues.<br /><br />Fortunately, for consumers and to the chagrin of the UPA government, the then Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh chose to put a moratorium on Bt brinjal till such time as research proved its safety for consumer.<br /><br />Now to the study that calls for a review of the regulation mechanism of biologically-engineered food produce in India: Dr Jack A Heinemann, professor of genetics and molecular biology, Centre for Integrated Research in Biosafety, University of Canterbury in New Zealand, did a molecular analysis of the Bt gene in response to a request by Rodrigues to look at the evaluation conducted by the GEAC.<br /><br />Rodrigues is the chief petitioner in a PIL on GM crops in the Supreme Court filed in 2005.<br /><br />Bt Brinjal has been developed with a pesticidal crystal protein Cry1Ac to give resistance against lepidopteron insects, in particular the brinjal fruit and shoot borer.<br /><br />The problem comes in the mismatch between the claims of the developer and the failure of the regulators to verify them.<br /><br />Cry1Ac protein is not derived from nature but made from a series of in vitro modifications. The first 40 per cent of the amino acids found in Cry1Ac2 were replaced with 466 amino acids from Cry1Ab, another insecticidal protein. The developer has claimed that the fusion construct is 99.4 per cent identical in amino acid order to the natural Cry1Ac protein. However, when Heinemann constructed the fusion, he found that it was maximum of 94 per cent identical to Cry1Ac and only 95 per cent identical to Cry1Ab. Based on these matches, it is also not clear why the developer has historically called their fusion construct after Cy1Ac rather than Cry1Ab, wonders the scientist. At 99.4 per cent identity, he says there would be approximately seven amino acid differences between the fusion and the natural Cry1Ac as described by Monsanto. At 94 per cent identity there could be up to 70 different amino acids, he says. According to him, changes of a single amino acid can significantly alter the characteristics of proteins. And one of them is immunogenicity.<br /><br />Says Rodrigues: It exposes the lapses on the part of our regulators. We don&rsquo;t have any Bt expert in this country and the study underlines the need for independent studies before clearing a GM crop.<br /><br />In a letter to Jairam Ramesh recently, she cites the study and blames what she calls regulatory lapses &ldquo;to the huge conflict of interest that exists and, therefore, the alarming degree of &lsquo;interest&rsquo; there is to push for GM crops in Indian agriculture and Monsanto in particular&rdquo;. Gyanendra Shukla, director, Monsanto, says the study will be looked into while Mahyco officials have chosen not to comment.<br /><br />Meanwhile, what the study underlines is something larger than Bt brinjal. It is about the need to have an independent regulator guided only by scientific evidence and not by anything else, as Heinemann says.</div>                                                           
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    <br><a href="http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/sreelatha-menonworm-in-bt-brinjal/468903/" class="re" target="_blank">The Business Standard, 25 March, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/sreelatha-menonworm-in-bt-brinjal/468903/</a><div class="clear"></div>
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The worm in Bt brinjal-Sreelatha Menon

Published on Mar 25, 2012   Modified on Mar 25, 2012

A new study questions safety assessments of Bt brinjal, asks for an independent regulator Does it matter if the gene introduced in Bt brinjal varies from the natural brinjal by 70 amino acids rather than by one? What if the regulators in the country fail to detect this and rubber stamp a genetically-engineered vegetable on the basis of the premise submitted by the company that produced it — Mahyco in this case? The after-effects of the altered variety would consequently escape the attention of the regulators and the consumers would brave the brunt. A study conducted by an international research institute and commissioned by activist Aruna Rodrigues has said Bt brinjal was approved by the regulators on the basis of a wrong premise. The regulator Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) of the Ministry of Environment was misled or chose to be so, says Rodrigues. Fortunately, for consumers and to the chagrin of the UPA government, the then Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh chose to put a moratorium on Bt brinjal till such time as research proved its safety for consumer. Now to the study that calls for a review of the regulation mechanism of biologically-engineered food produce in India: Dr Jack A Heinemann, professor of genetics and molecular biology, Centre for Integrated Research in Biosafety, University of Canterbury in New Zealand, did a molecular analysis of the Bt gene in response to a request by Rodrigues to look at the evaluation conducted by the GEAC. Rodrigues is the chief petitioner in a PIL on GM crops in the Supreme Court filed in 2005. Bt Brinjal has been developed with a pesticidal crystal protein Cry1Ac to give resistance against lepidopteron insects, in particular the brinjal fruit and shoot borer. The problem comes in the mismatch between the claims of the developer and the failure of the regulators to verify them. Cry1Ac protein is not derived from nature but made from a series of in vitro modifications. The first 40 per cent of the amino acids found in Cry1Ac2 were replaced with 466 amino acids from Cry1Ab, another insecticidal protein. The developer has claimed that the fusion construct is 99.4 per cent identical in amino acid order to the natural Cry1Ac protein. However, when Heinemann constructed the fusion, he found that it was maximum of 94 per cent identical to Cry1Ac and only 95 per cent identical to Cry1Ab. Based on these matches, it is also not clear why the developer has historically called their fusion construct after Cy1Ac rather than Cry1Ab, wonders the scientist. At 99.4 per cent identity, he says there would be approximately seven amino acid differences between the fusion and the natural Cry1Ac as described by Monsanto. At 94 per cent identity there could be up to 70 different amino acids, he says. According to him, changes of a single amino acid can significantly alter the characteristics of proteins. And one of them is immunogenicity. Says Rodrigues: It exposes the lapses on the part of our regulators. We don’t have any Bt expert in this country and the study underlines the need for independent studies before clearing a GM crop. In a letter to Jairam Ramesh recently, she cites the study and blames what she calls regulatory lapses “to the huge conflict of interest that exists and, therefore, the alarming degree of ‘interest’ there is to push for GM crops in Indian agriculture and Monsanto in particular”. Gyanendra Shukla, director, Monsanto, says the study will be looked into while Mahyco officials have chosen not to comment. Meanwhile, what the study underlines is something larger than Bt brinjal. It is about the need to have an independent regulator guided only by scientific evidence and not by anything else, as Heinemann says.

The Business Standard, 25 March, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/sreelatha-menonworm-in-bt-brinjal/468903/

Tagged with: Agriculture Environment

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