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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | What's your religion, slum survey will ask by Vineeta Pandey

What's your religion, slum survey will ask by Vineeta Pandey

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published Published on Sep 29, 2009   modified Modified on Sep 29, 2009

The Centre, for the first time, has undertaken a nation-wide survey of slums to profile urban household poverty and the nature of jobs held by those living on society's fringes.

The survey will profile slum-dwellers by caste and religion "for properly allocating development schemes, policy-making, project formulation and implementation, and monitoring", according to an official at the Union ministry of housing and urban poverty alleviation (Hupa).

The survey, being conducted under Hupa, will cover 5,161 towns and look at reasons behind rural-urban migration in the country.

"The government has promised to make India slum-free over the next five years," said Hupa minister Selja Kumari. "We have asked the states to come forward with slum-free-city plans so that adequate funding can be provided to them for projects. The states must commit that there would be no future growth of jhuggi-jhopris (shanty dwellings)."

It expects the reasons behind migration to include unemployment, low wage, debt, drought, conflict, marriage and lack of educational prospects. Slum-dwellers will also be asked if the migration was seasonal or permanent.

The survey will look into aspects like: if women heading households were married, widowed, abandoned/single, divorced or unwed mothers; the number of illiterate adult members in a household, children in the age group 6-14 years not attending school, school dropouts, and HIV or tuberculosis patients; and reasons behind unemployment.

According to the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO), in the later half of 2002, India had about 52,000 slums with 14%, or 80 lakh, of urban households living in them. This meant every seventh person in an urban area lived in a slum. The NSSO also found that the slum population in 2002 had risen to 6.5 crore from 4.2 crore (census figure) in 2001. The seeming difference between the NSSO and census data stem from the different methodologies employed in their respective surveys.

The NSSO found that the number of slums was highest in Maharashtra (32%), followed by West Bengal (15%) and Andhra Pradesh (15%). Also, in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka, the proportion of slum dwellers living in notified slums was higher than the national average.

"Within each city, identified slums will be taken up for redevelopment," Kumari said. The slum elimination drive will fall under the Rajeev Gandhi Awas Yojna, funding for which will come from the Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission. The states will be required to prepare appropriate legislation for assigning property rights to the slum dwellers. The states can undertake redevelopment schemes in partnership with private players.

However, the central government has strategically kept itself away from the issue of 'illegal migrants', a political hot potato. The decision to take a head count of such people has been left with the state governments. But it is clear that such people will not be the beneficiaries of any government schemes for slum dwellers.

The survey is being carried out by the National Building Organisation under Hupa by involving urban local bodies and NGOs. It is likely to be over by March 2010, though the survey is complete in some states like Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Sikkim.


DNA India, 30 September, 2009, http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_what-s-your-religion-slum-survey-will-ask_1293893
 

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