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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Why Kerala cuts a sorry figure on jobs -Subodh Varma

Why Kerala cuts a sorry figure on jobs -Subodh Varma

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published Published on May 9, 2016   modified Modified on May 9, 2016
-The Times of India

Of the nearly 25,000 person days of work done under the job guarantee scheme (MNREGA) in Kannapuram gram panchayat in district Kannur, 97% was by women. This seems some kind of a record but Kerala has many such villages -91% work done in 201516 under the jobs scheme was by women.

More than good implementation it's a result of the dismal employment situation in a state repeatedly ranked number one on human development and gender empowerment indices.

The last NSSO employment survey showed the share of working women in women's population was just about 22% in rural areas and 19% in urban ones - almost as poor as the low levels in most north Indian states and unlike any "gender empowered" state.

In Tamil Nadu, with similar levels of urbanisation and literacy, women's work participation rate is about 38% in rural areas and 20% in urban areas.

Between 2004-05 and 2011-12, the country saw a steep fall in women's employment with work participation plummeting by 32% in rural areas and 11% in urban areas. TN, with its mix of industrial and agricultural production, saw a fall in women working by about 18%.

In Kerala, with agriculture declining and scanty industrialisation, the effect of the workforce's de-feminisation was less calamitous though as painful.

"Women have been pushed into work like teaching in schools where their share is about 70%. Farmwork, the main source of women's employment, has declined. No alternative has emerged," says Neetha P of the Centre for Women's Development Studies.

Men's work too has declined but they have seized the opportunity to migrate abroad, especially to the Gulf.

This prevented a financial collapse of millions of families -one estimate put the total number of Keralites who've ever worked abroad at 3.6 million. Some 1.1 million Keralites also migrated to other states.

Strangely, Kerala is also home to about 2.5 million in migrants, mostly from Bengal and Odisha. They work as labour in construction and hotels, says Neetha. "Keralites consider it below dignity to work in such positions. Poorer people from other states moved in," she added.

The Times of India, 9 May, 2016, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections-2016/kerala-elections-2016/Why-Kerala-cuts-a-sorry-figure-on-jobs/articleshow/52181139.cms


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