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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | With birth rate in decline, India must change -Prabhu Pingali and Shubh Swain

With birth rate in decline, India must change -Prabhu Pingali and Shubh Swain

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published Published on Jan 31, 2022   modified Modified on Feb 4, 2022

-Financial Express

With the fertility rate falling below replacement, challenges of higher dependency, burgeoning healthcare and social security needs will emerge. India must mount the necessary policy-response

The time has come for India to turn a new leaf on population policy. The country’s fertility rate has already fallen below the replacement level, 2, according to the latest data from the National Family Health Survey, which was largely collected before the nation felt the heat of Covid-19. The ongoing shock and uncertainty caused by the pandemic will likely drive down birth rates even further. Decreased fertility has many rewards, but this demographic achievement might come with a price. The coming demographic transition has profound implications for India’s health, fiscal and gender policies.

With a lower number of births, the youth population will keep shrinking. As the size of the youth population falls, the number of older adults will surpass the young. India will need to reassess its social-security focus and make investments to provide the growing number of older adults with improved access to healthcare, income-security and social safety-nets.

Emerging health challenges

Drawing on the 2000 Population Policy, India’s health policies and programmes have focused on family planning, maternal and child health and communicable diseases. Yet, with the increased number of older adults, the number of non-communicable diseases is already outgrowing infectious diseases. According to the WHO, nearly 60% of deaths in the country can be attributed to non-communicable diseases. That share will continue to increase in the near future, demanding a significant policy shift towards preventing and managing morbidities like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer.

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Financial Express, 31 January, 2022, https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/with-birth-rate-in-decline-india-must-change/2420133/


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