Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

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CHENNAI: Women in rural areas are increasingly withdrawing from the country's labour force. This trend is particularly evident in states like Karnataka, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh where women have opted out of the labour force over the..."/>
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CHENNAI: Women in rural areas are increasingly withdrawing from the country's labour force. This trend is particularly evident in states like Karnataka, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh where women have opted out of the labour force over the..." />
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Women desert rural labour force, Tamil Nadu breaks the trend -B Sivakumar</h1>
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                            <div align="justify">-The Times of India<br /><br /><em>CHENNAI: </em>Women in rural areas are increasingly withdrawing from the country's labour force. This trend is particularly evident in states like Karnataka, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh where women have opted out of the labour force over the years. This is more in check in states like Tamil Nadu where the difference in gender gap between 2004 and 2011 is 8. In Karnataka it is 16 while in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh it is 15. The higher the gender gap the lower the female participation in labour force.<br /><br />According to a study conducted by National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), the main reasons are lack of job opportunities for women in rural areas and the poor performance in the agriculture sector. Due to the fall in number of women in the labour force, the gender gap has increased to 25 percentage points in India between 2005 and 2011.<br /><br />&quot;Women who lost jobs in agriculture did not find place in other sectors of the economy. One of the reasons is the poor education of rural women that acts as a barrier to a smooth inter-sectoral labour mobility. Nearly 69% of rural women are either illiterate or have been educated only up to the primary level,&quot; said the study done by Sunita Sanghi, A Srija and Shirke Shrinivas Vijay of NITI Aayog.<br /><br />Across rural India, between 2004-2005 and 2011-2012, barring Himachal Pradesh, all other major states experienced an increase in the gender gap between male and female labour force participation. The increase is seen more in Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Jharkhand and Odisha. <br /><br />&quot;Agriculture, which was the primary work area of women in these states, has seen a decline. However, many women workers who have been displaced from agriculture did not find jobs in non-farm sectors. The jobs created were mostly in the construction and utilities sector where women have a small share in employment,&quot; said the study. Even in the services sector, jobs created were in transportation, storage, communication, trade, and hotels and restaurants which did not benefit women who had to leave agriculture.<br /><br />&quot;Looking at age of women who are unemployed is important to decide on decline of women in labour force,&quot; said Madras Institute of Development Studies professor D Jayaraj. &quot;While there is a rise in real wages of women labour force after introduction of MGNREGS, younger women in the school and college going ages are migrating to towns for education. It is only the older women, who have lost employment opportunities,&quot; said Jayaraj.<br /><br />Creation of more jobs in manufacturing sector in rural areas is one way to arrest the trend. <br /></div>                                                           
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                            <div align="justify">-The Times of India<br /><br /><em>CHENNAI: </em>Women in rural areas are increasingly withdrawing from the country's labour force. This trend is particularly evident in states like Karnataka, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh where women have opted out of the labour force over the years. This is more in check in states like Tamil Nadu where the difference in gender gap between 2004 and 2011 is 8. In Karnataka it is 16 while in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh it is 15. The higher the gender gap the lower the female participation in labour force.<br /><br />According to a study conducted by National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), the main reasons are lack of job opportunities for women in rural areas and the poor performance in the agriculture sector. Due to the fall in number of women in the labour force, the gender gap has increased to 25 percentage points in India between 2005 and 2011.<br /><br />&quot;Women who lost jobs in agriculture did not find place in other sectors of the economy. One of the reasons is the poor education of rural women that acts as a barrier to a smooth inter-sectoral labour mobility. Nearly 69% of rural women are either illiterate or have been educated only up to the primary level,&quot; said the study done by Sunita Sanghi, A Srija and Shirke Shrinivas Vijay of NITI Aayog.<br /><br />Across rural India, between 2004-2005 and 2011-2012, barring Himachal Pradesh, all other major states experienced an increase in the gender gap between male and female labour force participation. The increase is seen more in Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Jharkhand and Odisha. <br /><br />&quot;Agriculture, which was the primary work area of women in these states, has seen a decline. However, many women workers who have been displaced from agriculture did not find jobs in non-farm sectors. The jobs created were mostly in the construction and utilities sector where women have a small share in employment,&quot; said the study. Even in the services sector, jobs created were in transportation, storage, communication, trade, and hotels and restaurants which did not benefit women who had to leave agriculture.<br /><br />&quot;Looking at age of women who are unemployed is important to decide on decline of women in labour force,&quot; said Madras Institute of Development Studies professor D Jayaraj. &quot;While there is a rise in real wages of women labour force after introduction of MGNREGS, younger women in the school and college going ages are migrating to towns for education. It is only the older women, who have lost employment opportunities,&quot; said Jayaraj.<br /><br />Creation of more jobs in manufacturing sector in rural areas is one way to arrest the trend. <br /></div>                                                           
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-The Times of India

CHENNAI: Women in rural areas are increasingly withdrawing from the country's labour force. This trend is particularly evident in states like Karnataka, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh where women have opted out of the labour force over the..." />
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Women desert rural labour force, Tamil Nadu breaks the trend -B Sivakumar</h1>
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                            <div align="justify">-The Times of India<br /><br /><em>CHENNAI: </em>Women in rural areas are increasingly withdrawing from the country's labour force. This trend is particularly evident in states like Karnataka, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh where women have opted out of the labour force over the years. This is more in check in states like Tamil Nadu where the difference in gender gap between 2004 and 2011 is 8. In Karnataka it is 16 while in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh it is 15. The higher the gender gap the lower the female participation in labour force.<br /><br />According to a study conducted by National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), the main reasons are lack of job opportunities for women in rural areas and the poor performance in the agriculture sector. Due to the fall in number of women in the labour force, the gender gap has increased to 25 percentage points in India between 2005 and 2011.<br /><br />&quot;Women who lost jobs in agriculture did not find place in other sectors of the economy. One of the reasons is the poor education of rural women that acts as a barrier to a smooth inter-sectoral labour mobility. Nearly 69% of rural women are either illiterate or have been educated only up to the primary level,&quot; said the study done by Sunita Sanghi, A Srija and Shirke Shrinivas Vijay of NITI Aayog.<br /><br />Across rural India, between 2004-2005 and 2011-2012, barring Himachal Pradesh, all other major states experienced an increase in the gender gap between male and female labour force participation. The increase is seen more in Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Jharkhand and Odisha. <br /><br />&quot;Agriculture, which was the primary work area of women in these states, has seen a decline. However, many women workers who have been displaced from agriculture did not find jobs in non-farm sectors. The jobs created were mostly in the construction and utilities sector where women have a small share in employment,&quot; said the study. Even in the services sector, jobs created were in transportation, storage, communication, trade, and hotels and restaurants which did not benefit women who had to leave agriculture.<br /><br />&quot;Looking at age of women who are unemployed is important to decide on decline of women in labour force,&quot; said Madras Institute of Development Studies professor D Jayaraj. &quot;While there is a rise in real wages of women labour force after introduction of MGNREGS, younger women in the school and college going ages are migrating to towns for education. It is only the older women, who have lost employment opportunities,&quot; said Jayaraj.<br /><br />Creation of more jobs in manufacturing sector in rural areas is one way to arrest the trend. <br /></div>                                                           
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Home हिन्दी

Women desert rural labour force, Tamil Nadu breaks the trend -B Sivakumar

Published on Jan 12, 2016   Modified on Jan 12, 2016

-The Times of India CHENNAI: Women in rural areas are increasingly withdrawing from the country's labour force. This trend is particularly evident in states like Karnataka, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh where women have opted out of the labour force over the years. This is more in check in states like Tamil Nadu where the difference in gender gap between 2004 and 2011 is 8. In Karnataka it is 16 while in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh it is 15. The higher the gender gap the lower the female participation in labour force. According to a study conducted by National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), the main reasons are lack of job opportunities for women in rural areas and the poor performance in the agriculture sector. Due to the fall in number of women in the labour force, the gender gap has increased to 25 percentage points in India between 2005 and 2011. "Women who lost jobs in agriculture did not find place in other sectors of the economy. One of the reasons is the poor education of rural women that acts as a barrier to a smooth inter-sectoral labour mobility. Nearly 69% of rural women are either illiterate or have been educated only up to the primary level," said the study done by Sunita Sanghi, A Srija and Shirke Shrinivas Vijay of NITI Aayog. Across rural India, between 2004-2005 and 2011-2012, barring Himachal Pradesh, all other major states experienced an increase in the gender gap between male and female labour force participation. The increase is seen more in Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Jharkhand and Odisha. "Agriculture, which was the primary work area of women in these states, has seen a decline. However, many women workers who have been displaced from agriculture did not find jobs in non-farm sectors. The jobs created were mostly in the construction and utilities sector where women have a small share in employment," said the study. Even in the services sector, jobs created were in transportation, storage, communication, trade, and hotels and restaurants which did not benefit women who had to leave agriculture. "Looking at age of women who are unemployed is important to decide on decline of women in labour force," said Madras Institute of Development Studies professor D Jayaraj. "While there is a rise in real wages of women labour force after introduction of MGNREGS, younger women in the school and college going ages are migrating to towns for education. It is only the older women, who have lost employment opportunities," said Jayaraj. Creation of more jobs in manufacturing sector in rural areas is one way to arrest the trend.

The Times of India, 10 January, 2016, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Women-desert-rural-labour-force-Tamil-Nadu-breaks-the-trend/articleshow/50515446.cms

Tagged with: NITI Aayog Rural Labour Women Workers Female Workers labour force labour force participation labour force participation rate farming Agriculture

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