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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Wrecking Fiscal Federalism -CP Chandrasekhar and Jayati Ghosh

Wrecking Fiscal Federalism -CP Chandrasekhar and Jayati Ghosh

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published Published on Jan 26, 2021   modified Modified on Jan 27, 2021

-NetworkIdeas.org

India’s Constitution puts the bulk of responsibility for the basic goods and services to be provided to citizens on to state governments. That is also why it mandated that independent Finance Commissions be appointed every five years to determine the distribution of tax revenues between Centre and the various states. Successive Finance Commissions (FCs) have also recognised that state governments necessarily require more resources to fulfil their obligations, which is why the share of tax revenues to be devolved to states has been steadily increasing across such Commissions, from 29.5 per cent in the 11th FC to as much as 42 per cent in the 14th FC.

However, while grudgingly accepting the 14th FC’s award, which was announced in April 2015, the Modi government moved rather quickly to undermine it. It used the obvious available loophole in the Constitution: while tax revenues are to be shared with the states, cesses and surcharges are exempt. Using this loophole, the central government has been increasing the share of taxes collected through such cesses and surcharges, and therefore reducing the share of states in the total divisible pool. In fact, as Figure 1 shows, the share of the states never reached the mandated 42 per cent even in the peak years of 2016-17; thereafter, it has been suppressed as the central government moved to redirect its additional resource mobilisation to the cesses and surcharges that it could jealously guard as its own. By the current year, the share of these in total tax collections is estimated to be more than 15 per cent, a massive increase from the pre-Modi years.

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(This article was originally published in the Business Line on January 25, 2021)


NetworkIdeas.org, 26 January, 2021, https://www.networkideas.org/featured-articles/2021/01/wrecking-fiscal-federalism/?fbclid=IwAR10F1l40Zu3IbwibbuSa602W4K1iwt1yVcMub-3fWD7In2T29yPagsj9co


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