Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">1,750 Indians died due to extreme weather events in 2021, says new IMD report</h1>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">In the month of January this year, more than 100 homeless persons died <em>(please click <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece" title="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece">here</a> and <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM" title="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM">here</a> to access)</em> in Delhi-NCR due to cold wave like conditions. Although a Delhi-based non-government organisation (NGO) Centre for Holistic Development (CHD) made that claim, and therefore asked the Chief Minister of Delhi to make proper arrangements for the homeless poor during winters, the officials of the Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board (DUSIB) denied any such death due to cold.<br />&nbsp;<br />Aside from cold waves, there were reports about hailstorm&nbsp;and untimely rainfall in January that <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day." title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day.">damaged standing rabi crops</a>, such as wheat, green peas, jowar <em>(sorghum)</em>, etc.&nbsp;in <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day." title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day.">various districts of Madhya Pradesh</a>. Unseasonal rainfall and hailstorm also took place in north India, which damaged <em>rabi </em>crops such as mustard, wheat, gram, and potato. While <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">mustard and gram crops</a> faced the detrimental impact of hailstorms in <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">Bharatpur, Dholpur and Kota</a> <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">districts of Rajasthan</a>, excessive rains caused water logging near root zones in case of <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">wheat grown in eastern and</a> <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">western Uttar Pradesh and Punjab</a>, thus leading to yellowing of the crop. <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">Potato crop in Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">Rajasthan, and Punjab</a> too is at the risk of being damaged due to diseases like late blight that are caused by excessive rains and waterlogged conditions. &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Chart 1: Distribution of the number of deaths and its percentage during 2021 due to extreme weather events</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify"><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Chart%201%20Distribution%20of%20the%20number%20of%20deaths%20and%20its%20percentage%20during%202021%20due%20to%20extreme%20weather%20events.png" style="height:429px; width:778px" /></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source: </strong>Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES),&nbsp;released on 14 January, 2022, please <a href="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access</em><em>&nbsp;</em><br /><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Extreme weather events are not new to us. The country is increasingly facing a higher frequency of extreme weather events like floods, cold waves, heat waves, cyclonic storms, heavy rainfall, droughts, lightning, thunderstorms, wildfires, landslides, etc. in recent years. In 2021, the year when world leaders gathered at <a href="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE" title="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE">Glasgow for COP26</a> to decide how to tackle <a href="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE" title="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE">climate change</a> caused by greenhouse gas emissions, extreme weather events took as many as <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">1,750 lives</a> in our country. According to a <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">recent report</a>&nbsp;by India Meteorological Department (IMD) of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), while floods, excessive rainfall and landslides caused the death of 759 <em>(i.e., 43 percent of the total) </em>Indians in 2021, almost 787 individuals <em>(i.e., 45 percent of the total) </em>lost their lives due to lightning&nbsp;and thunderstorms. Around 172 deaths <em>(i.e., 10 percent of the total)</em> in 2021 were caused by cyclonic storms, whereas 32 deaths <em>(i.e., 2 percent of the total)</em> happened due to other events like cold waves, dust storms, gale, hailstorms, and snowfall. Please see chart-1.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The data on human beings killed in 2021 due to extreme weather events is based on various media and government reports from Disaster Management Authorities, says the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">IMD document</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Maharashtra suffered the most during 2021 because it witnessed about 350 deaths mainly due to heavy rainfall, floods, landslides, lightning&nbsp;and thunderstorms, cyclonic storms, and cold wave events. The other states that saw a high number of deaths due to extreme weather events in 2021 were Odisha (223), Madhya Pradesh (191), Uttarakhand (147), and Bihar (102), shows the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">IMD report</a>. Please consult table-1.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Tropical Cyclones</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">In 2021, five tropical cyclones formed over the north Indian Ocean. Of these, three cyclones <em>(i.e., Yaas, Gulab, Jawad)</em> formed over the Bay of Bengal, and the remaining 2 cyclones <em>(i.e., Tauktae and Shaheen)</em> formed over the Arabian Sea. Please see table-1.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Table 1: Extreme weather events during 2021 along with associated loss of human lives</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify"><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Table%201%20Extreme%20weather%20events%20during%202021%20along%20with%20associated%20loss%20of%20human%20lives.png" style="height:1177px; width:1000px" /></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source: </strong>Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES),&nbsp;released on 14 January, 2022, please <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</em><br /><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Among the 5 cyclones that hit India in 2021, the most devastating was the Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm (ESCS) Tauktae <em>(14 May to 19 May)</em>, which formed in the pre-monsoon season over the Arabian Sea, crossed Saurashtra coast on 17th May, claiming 144 lives from across the states in western India stretching from Kerala in the far southern part of the country to Gujarat in the west. The ESCS Tauktae took 3 lives in Goa, 79 in Gujarat, 8 in Karnataka, 9 in Kerala, and 45 in Maharashtra.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (VSCS) Yaas <em>(23 May to 28 May)</em>, formed during the pre-monsoon season over the Bay of Bengal, crossed north Odisha coast on 26th May 2021 and claimed 9 lives from Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Bihar. The VSCS Yaas caused 1 death in Bihar, 3 each in Jharkhand and Odisha, and 2 in West Bengal.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Cyclonic Storm (CS) Gulab <em>(24 September to 28 September)</em>, formed during the southwest monsoon season and crossed north Andhra Pradesh &ndash; south Odisha coasts on 26th September, claiming 19 lives from Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Maharashtra. The CS Gulab killed 4 persons in Andhra Pradesh, 11 in Maharashtra, 1 in Odisha, and 3 in Telangana. &nbsp; &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Severe Cyclonic Storm Shaheen <em>(29 September to 4 October) </em>formed over Arabian Sea and moved away from the Indian region towards the Oman coast. The Cyclonic Storm Jawad <em>(2-6 December) </em>formed over Bay of Bengal and weakened close to the Odisha coast.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Other Extreme Weather Events</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Due to floods, heavy rainfall and landslides, 215 lives were lost in Maharashtra, 143 in Uttarakhand, 55 in Himachal Pradesh, 53 in Kerala, and 46 in Andhra Pradesh.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Thunderstorms and lightning&nbsp;took 213 lives in Odisha, 156 in Madhya Pradesh, 89 in Bihar, 76 in Maharashtra, 58 in West Bengal, 54 in Jharkhand, 49 in Uttar Pradesh, and 48 in Rajasthan.</p><p style="text-align:justify">According to the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">recent IMD report</a>, the 2021 annual mean land surface air temperature for the country was 0.44 degree Celsius above the long period average based on 1981-2010, thus making the year 2021 the fifth warmest year on record since 1901. The five warmest years on record, in descending order were: 2016 <em>(+0.71 degree Celsius)</em>, 2009 <em>(+0.55 degree Celsius)</em>, 2017 <em>(+0.541 degree Celsius)</em>, 2010 <em>(+0.539 degree Celsius)</em>, and 2021 <em>(+0.44 degree Celsius)</em>.&nbsp;Please note that 11 out of 15 warmest years were during the recent fifteen years <em>(i.e., 2007-2021)</em>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Other events like snowfall, cold waves, dust storms, gale, and hailstorms that took place in different parts of the country caused loss of life, injury, loss of livestock, and damage to crops and property.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In his <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf">reply to a starred question</a> <em>(answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha)</em>, the Minister of Agriculture and Farmers&#39; Welfare said that <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf">almost 50 lakh hectare</a> of agricultural area was affected due to cyclonic storms/ flash floods / floods /landslides /cloudburst, etc. during 2021. It should be noted that the Ministry of Home Affairs deputed 19 Inter-Ministerial Central Teams (IMCTs) to 14 states and two Union Territories (UTs) last year.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In yet another <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">reply to a unstarred question</a> <em>(answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha)</em>, the agriculture minister Shri Narendra Singh Tomar said that out of the total claims of <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">Rs. 1,05,426 crore</a> made between FY 2016-17 and FY 2020-21 under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) as well as the Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS), <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">Rs. 1,02,045 crore</a> was paid as on November 25, 2021. It means that <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">Rs. 3,381 crore</a> of crop insurance related claims was yet to be paid for the period from FY 2016-17 to FY 2020-21 as on November 25, 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mapping Disasters</strong>&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html">Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India</a>, which has been developed by India Meteorological Department (IMD), Pune, is expected to help in disaster preparedness since the frequency of extreme weather events is rising in the wake of the climate crisis.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Since the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">atlas is presented in WebGIS</a>, the information on the values of the parameter and other information can be seen by keeping the cursor on the district. The facility of identifying the location and search option for the desired district to get the value of the parameter is made available on the top left side of the panel of each map. In total <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">640 maps</a> are available in the web version of Climate Vulnerability Atlas. In short, the web atlas developed by IMD Pune is represented using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools and provides district-level maps on hazard events and vulnerability. The maps are prepared based on climatological data, census data on population, and housing density.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">In order to <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">compute the Normalised Vulnerability index (NVI)</a> corresponding to each indicator for the i-th district, IMD Pune has normalised the indicator values, which standardises the disaster values to the range between 0.0 and 1.0.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The normalised values are categorised in four parts by using four quartiles and are given below:</p><p style="text-align:justify"><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Normalised%20Vulnerability%20Index%20Values.PNG" style="height:143px; width:352px" /></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source:</strong> Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, India Meteorological Department, Pune, Ministry of Earth Sciences, please <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The atlas provides <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">Climate Hazard Maps</a> for dust storms, hailstorms, thunderstorms, fog, lightning, wind hazard <em>(extreme winds)</em>, extreme rainfall events, droughts and cyclones. One also gets <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">Climate Vulnerability Maps</a> for cold waves, heat waves, floods, lightning&nbsp;and snowfall from the <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html">Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India</a>. &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Take for example, the <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">maximum storm surges</a> <em>(in metres)</em> annually that take&nbsp;place&nbsp;during cyclones <em>(period 1961-2020)</em>. The maximum storm surge of <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">13.7 metre</a> is noticed in <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">South 24-Parganas</a> apart from <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">East Medinipur</a> of West Bengal, followed by <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">13.1 metre</a> in Odisha&#39;s <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">Baleshwar</a>, and <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">12.0 meter in Ramanathapuram</a> district of Tamil Nadu. A <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">storm surge</a> is a rise in sea level that one sees during tropical cyclones and intense storms <em>(also known as typhoons or hurricanes)</em>. The storms usually <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">produce strong winds</a> that push the water into shore, which can lead to <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">flooding of the coastal areas</a>. &nbsp;&nbsp;<br />&nbsp; &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong><em>References</em></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES),&nbsp;released on 14 January, 2022, please <a href="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, India Meteorological Department, Pune, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), please click <a href="/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">here</a> and <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html">here</a> to access&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Component-4: Extreme Events and Disasters, EnviStats India 2021, Vol. 1, Environment Statistics, National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), please click <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Deaths%20due%20to%20extreme%20weather%20events%20in%20various%20years.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Deaths%20due%20to%20extreme%20weather%20events%20in%20various%20years.pdf">here</a>&nbsp;to read more&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Crop damage due to heavy rains, Starred Question No. 23 to be answered on November 30, 2021, Lok Sabha, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers&#39; Welfare, please <a href="/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf" title="/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Coverage of PMFBY, Reply to unstarred question no. 460 to be answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers&#39; Welfare, please click <a href="/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">here to</a> access&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Storm Surge, Resource Library, National Geographic Society, please <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Need for more weather safety awareness and lightning warning tools to save human lives, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Jul 26, 2021, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/need-for-more-weather-safety-awareness-and-lightning-warning-tools-to-save-human-lives.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/need-for-more-weather-safety-awareness-and-lightning-warning-tools-to-save-human-lives.html">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Forest fires have become more frequent this year as compared to the past, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Apr 25, 2021, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/forest-fires-have-become-more-frequent-this-year-as-compared-to-the-past.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/forest-fires-have-become-more-frequent-this-year-as-compared-to-the-past.html">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Locust invasions in a number of Indian states have arisen out of climate change induced extreme rainfalls in desert areas, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Jun 2, 2020, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/locust-invasions-in-a-number-of-indian-states-have-arisen-out-of-climate-change-induced-extreme-rainfalls-in-desert-areas.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/locust-invasions-in-a-number-of-indian-states-have-arisen-out-of-climate-change-induced-extreme-rainfalls-in-desert-areas.html">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Extreme weather events destroying our economy in a big way, indicates official data, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Oct 14, 2019, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/extreme-weather-events-destroying-our-economy-in-a-big-way-indicates-official-data-4688225.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/extreme-weather-events-destroying-our-economy-in-a-big-way-indicates-official-data-4688225.html">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Video -- Climate Change: What will be its impact on farming? Down to Earth, 22 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGNBkW82oyY" title="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGNBkW82oyY">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">145 Homeless Have Succumbed to Cold in Delhi: NGO -Ronak Chhabra, Newsclick.in, 24 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM" title="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Sundarbans is cyclone capital of India: IMD report -Jayanta Basu, Down to Earth, 24 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/natural-disasters/sundarbans-is-cyclone-capital-of-india-imd-report-81244?fbclid=IwAR0nkTprqhnLqQjRBpMdu3Hy0Lens8rSymaSRXuYakHr2_jswIRA3A4BFQ4" title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/natural-disasters/sundarbans-is-cyclone-capital-of-india-imd-report-81244?fbclid=IwAR0nkTprqhnLqQjRBpMdu3Hy0Lens8rSymaSRXuYakHr2_jswIRA3A4BFQ4">click here</a> to read more</p><p style="text-align:justify">106 deaths in Delhi in January due to cold, claims NGO; Officials deny, PTI/ The Hindu, 23 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece" title="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Unseasonal rains and hail affect rabi crops in North India -Sutanuka Ghosal, The Economic Times, 23 January, 2022, please <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">South 24-Parganas in Bengal most cyclone-affected district in India -Jayanta Basu, The Telegraph, 20 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/news/south-24-parganas-in-bengal-most-cyclone-affected-district-in-india/cid/1848386" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/news/south-24-parganas-in-bengal-most-cyclone-affected-district-in-india/cid/1848386">click here</a> to read more &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Centre lists districts vulnerable to climate crisis in India&rsquo;s first weather hazard atlas -Jayashree Nandi, Hindustan Times, 18 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/centre-lists-districts-vulnerable-to-climate-crisis-in-india-s-first-weather-hazard-atlas-101642444901702.html" title="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/centre-lists-districts-vulnerable-to-climate-crisis-in-india-s-first-weather-hazard-atlas-101642444901702.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">2021 Fifth Warmest Year In India Since 1901, Extreme Weather Events Led To 1,750 Deaths: IMD, ABPLive.com, 14 January, 2022, please <a href="https://news.abplive.com/news/india/2021-fifth-warmest-year-in-india-since-1901-extreme-weather-events-led-to-1-750-deaths-imd-1506408" title="https://news.abplive.com/news/india/2021-fifth-warmest-year-in-india-since-1901-extreme-weather-events-led-to-1-750-deaths-imd-1506408">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">Madhya Pradesh: Rain, hailstones damage crops in Bundelkhand, The Times of India, 10 January, 2022, please <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/rain-hailstones-damage-crops-in-bkhand/articleshow/88798223.cms" title="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/rain-hailstones-damage-crops-in-bkhand/articleshow/88798223.cms">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">Hailstones &lsquo;as big as berries&rsquo;: Farmers in MP&rsquo;s Niwari district suffer immense crop losses -Rakesh Kumar Malviya, Down to Earth, 10 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day." title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day.">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">What is COP26, and why is it so important? -Lou Del Bello, TheThirdPole.net, 21 October, 2021, please <a href="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE" title="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: India Meteorological Department, please <a href="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</strong></p>                                                           
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">1,750 Indians died due to extreme weather events in 2021, says new IMD report</h1>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">In the month of January this year, more than 100 homeless persons died <em>(please click <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece" title="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece">here</a> and <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM" title="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM">here</a> to access)</em> in Delhi-NCR due to cold wave like conditions. Although a Delhi-based non-government organisation (NGO) Centre for Holistic Development (CHD) made that claim, and therefore asked the Chief Minister of Delhi to make proper arrangements for the homeless poor during winters, the officials of the Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board (DUSIB) denied any such death due to cold.<br />&nbsp;<br />Aside from cold waves, there were reports about hailstorm&nbsp;and untimely rainfall in January that <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day." title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day.">damaged standing rabi crops</a>, such as wheat, green peas, jowar <em>(sorghum)</em>, etc.&nbsp;in <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day." title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day.">various districts of Madhya Pradesh</a>. Unseasonal rainfall and hailstorm also took place in north India, which damaged <em>rabi </em>crops such as mustard, wheat, gram, and potato. While <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">mustard and gram crops</a> faced the detrimental impact of hailstorms in <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">Bharatpur, Dholpur and Kota</a> <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">districts of Rajasthan</a>, excessive rains caused water logging near root zones in case of <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">wheat grown in eastern and</a> <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">western Uttar Pradesh and Punjab</a>, thus leading to yellowing of the crop. <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">Potato crop in Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">Rajasthan, and Punjab</a> too is at the risk of being damaged due to diseases like late blight that are caused by excessive rains and waterlogged conditions. &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Chart 1: Distribution of the number of deaths and its percentage during 2021 due to extreme weather events</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify"><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Chart%201%20Distribution%20of%20the%20number%20of%20deaths%20and%20its%20percentage%20during%202021%20due%20to%20extreme%20weather%20events.png" style="height:429px; width:778px" /></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source: </strong>Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES),&nbsp;released on 14 January, 2022, please <a href="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access</em><em>&nbsp;</em><br /><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Extreme weather events are not new to us. The country is increasingly facing a higher frequency of extreme weather events like floods, cold waves, heat waves, cyclonic storms, heavy rainfall, droughts, lightning, thunderstorms, wildfires, landslides, etc. in recent years. In 2021, the year when world leaders gathered at <a href="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE" title="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE">Glasgow for COP26</a> to decide how to tackle <a href="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE" title="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE">climate change</a> caused by greenhouse gas emissions, extreme weather events took as many as <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">1,750 lives</a> in our country. According to a <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">recent report</a>&nbsp;by India Meteorological Department (IMD) of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), while floods, excessive rainfall and landslides caused the death of 759 <em>(i.e., 43 percent of the total) </em>Indians in 2021, almost 787 individuals <em>(i.e., 45 percent of the total) </em>lost their lives due to lightning&nbsp;and thunderstorms. Around 172 deaths <em>(i.e., 10 percent of the total)</em> in 2021 were caused by cyclonic storms, whereas 32 deaths <em>(i.e., 2 percent of the total)</em> happened due to other events like cold waves, dust storms, gale, hailstorms, and snowfall. Please see chart-1.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The data on human beings killed in 2021 due to extreme weather events is based on various media and government reports from Disaster Management Authorities, says the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">IMD document</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Maharashtra suffered the most during 2021 because it witnessed about 350 deaths mainly due to heavy rainfall, floods, landslides, lightning&nbsp;and thunderstorms, cyclonic storms, and cold wave events. The other states that saw a high number of deaths due to extreme weather events in 2021 were Odisha (223), Madhya Pradesh (191), Uttarakhand (147), and Bihar (102), shows the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">IMD report</a>. Please consult table-1.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Tropical Cyclones</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">In 2021, five tropical cyclones formed over the north Indian Ocean. Of these, three cyclones <em>(i.e., Yaas, Gulab, Jawad)</em> formed over the Bay of Bengal, and the remaining 2 cyclones <em>(i.e., Tauktae and Shaheen)</em> formed over the Arabian Sea. Please see table-1.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Table 1: Extreme weather events during 2021 along with associated loss of human lives</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify"><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Table%201%20Extreme%20weather%20events%20during%202021%20along%20with%20associated%20loss%20of%20human%20lives.png" style="height:1177px; width:1000px" /></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source: </strong>Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES),&nbsp;released on 14 January, 2022, please <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</em><br /><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Among the 5 cyclones that hit India in 2021, the most devastating was the Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm (ESCS) Tauktae <em>(14 May to 19 May)</em>, which formed in the pre-monsoon season over the Arabian Sea, crossed Saurashtra coast on 17th May, claiming 144 lives from across the states in western India stretching from Kerala in the far southern part of the country to Gujarat in the west. The ESCS Tauktae took 3 lives in Goa, 79 in Gujarat, 8 in Karnataka, 9 in Kerala, and 45 in Maharashtra.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (VSCS) Yaas <em>(23 May to 28 May)</em>, formed during the pre-monsoon season over the Bay of Bengal, crossed north Odisha coast on 26th May 2021 and claimed 9 lives from Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Bihar. The VSCS Yaas caused 1 death in Bihar, 3 each in Jharkhand and Odisha, and 2 in West Bengal.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Cyclonic Storm (CS) Gulab <em>(24 September to 28 September)</em>, formed during the southwest monsoon season and crossed north Andhra Pradesh &ndash; south Odisha coasts on 26th September, claiming 19 lives from Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Maharashtra. The CS Gulab killed 4 persons in Andhra Pradesh, 11 in Maharashtra, 1 in Odisha, and 3 in Telangana. &nbsp; &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Severe Cyclonic Storm Shaheen <em>(29 September to 4 October) </em>formed over Arabian Sea and moved away from the Indian region towards the Oman coast. The Cyclonic Storm Jawad <em>(2-6 December) </em>formed over Bay of Bengal and weakened close to the Odisha coast.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Other Extreme Weather Events</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Due to floods, heavy rainfall and landslides, 215 lives were lost in Maharashtra, 143 in Uttarakhand, 55 in Himachal Pradesh, 53 in Kerala, and 46 in Andhra Pradesh.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Thunderstorms and lightning&nbsp;took 213 lives in Odisha, 156 in Madhya Pradesh, 89 in Bihar, 76 in Maharashtra, 58 in West Bengal, 54 in Jharkhand, 49 in Uttar Pradesh, and 48 in Rajasthan.</p><p style="text-align:justify">According to the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">recent IMD report</a>, the 2021 annual mean land surface air temperature for the country was 0.44 degree Celsius above the long period average based on 1981-2010, thus making the year 2021 the fifth warmest year on record since 1901. The five warmest years on record, in descending order were: 2016 <em>(+0.71 degree Celsius)</em>, 2009 <em>(+0.55 degree Celsius)</em>, 2017 <em>(+0.541 degree Celsius)</em>, 2010 <em>(+0.539 degree Celsius)</em>, and 2021 <em>(+0.44 degree Celsius)</em>.&nbsp;Please note that 11 out of 15 warmest years were during the recent fifteen years <em>(i.e., 2007-2021)</em>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Other events like snowfall, cold waves, dust storms, gale, and hailstorms that took place in different parts of the country caused loss of life, injury, loss of livestock, and damage to crops and property.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In his <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf">reply to a starred question</a> <em>(answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha)</em>, the Minister of Agriculture and Farmers&#39; Welfare said that <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf">almost 50 lakh hectare</a> of agricultural area was affected due to cyclonic storms/ flash floods / floods /landslides /cloudburst, etc. during 2021. It should be noted that the Ministry of Home Affairs deputed 19 Inter-Ministerial Central Teams (IMCTs) to 14 states and two Union Territories (UTs) last year.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In yet another <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">reply to a unstarred question</a> <em>(answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha)</em>, the agriculture minister Shri Narendra Singh Tomar said that out of the total claims of <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">Rs. 1,05,426 crore</a> made between FY 2016-17 and FY 2020-21 under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) as well as the Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS), <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">Rs. 1,02,045 crore</a> was paid as on November 25, 2021. It means that <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">Rs. 3,381 crore</a> of crop insurance related claims was yet to be paid for the period from FY 2016-17 to FY 2020-21 as on November 25, 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mapping Disasters</strong>&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html">Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India</a>, which has been developed by India Meteorological Department (IMD), Pune, is expected to help in disaster preparedness since the frequency of extreme weather events is rising in the wake of the climate crisis.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Since the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">atlas is presented in WebGIS</a>, the information on the values of the parameter and other information can be seen by keeping the cursor on the district. The facility of identifying the location and search option for the desired district to get the value of the parameter is made available on the top left side of the panel of each map. In total <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">640 maps</a> are available in the web version of Climate Vulnerability Atlas. In short, the web atlas developed by IMD Pune is represented using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools and provides district-level maps on hazard events and vulnerability. The maps are prepared based on climatological data, census data on population, and housing density.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">In order to <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">compute the Normalised Vulnerability index (NVI)</a> corresponding to each indicator for the i-th district, IMD Pune has normalised the indicator values, which standardises the disaster values to the range between 0.0 and 1.0.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The normalised values are categorised in four parts by using four quartiles and are given below:</p><p style="text-align:justify"><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Normalised%20Vulnerability%20Index%20Values.PNG" style="height:143px; width:352px" /></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source:</strong> Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, India Meteorological Department, Pune, Ministry of Earth Sciences, please <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The atlas provides <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">Climate Hazard Maps</a> for dust storms, hailstorms, thunderstorms, fog, lightning, wind hazard <em>(extreme winds)</em>, extreme rainfall events, droughts and cyclones. One also gets <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">Climate Vulnerability Maps</a> for cold waves, heat waves, floods, lightning&nbsp;and snowfall from the <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html">Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India</a>. &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Take for example, the <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">maximum storm surges</a> <em>(in metres)</em> annually that take&nbsp;place&nbsp;during cyclones <em>(period 1961-2020)</em>. The maximum storm surge of <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">13.7 metre</a> is noticed in <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">South 24-Parganas</a> apart from <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">East Medinipur</a> of West Bengal, followed by <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">13.1 metre</a> in Odisha&#39;s <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">Baleshwar</a>, and <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">12.0 meter in Ramanathapuram</a> district of Tamil Nadu. A <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">storm surge</a> is a rise in sea level that one sees during tropical cyclones and intense storms <em>(also known as typhoons or hurricanes)</em>. The storms usually <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">produce strong winds</a> that push the water into shore, which can lead to <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">flooding of the coastal areas</a>. &nbsp;&nbsp;<br />&nbsp; &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong><em>References</em></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES),&nbsp;released on 14 January, 2022, please <a href="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, India Meteorological Department, Pune, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), please click <a href="/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">here</a> and <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html">here</a> to access&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Component-4: Extreme Events and Disasters, EnviStats India 2021, Vol. 1, Environment Statistics, National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), please click <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Deaths%20due%20to%20extreme%20weather%20events%20in%20various%20years.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Deaths%20due%20to%20extreme%20weather%20events%20in%20various%20years.pdf">here</a>&nbsp;to read more&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Crop damage due to heavy rains, Starred Question No. 23 to be answered on November 30, 2021, Lok Sabha, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers&#39; Welfare, please <a href="/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf" title="/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Coverage of PMFBY, Reply to unstarred question no. 460 to be answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers&#39; Welfare, please click <a href="/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">here to</a> access&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Storm Surge, Resource Library, National Geographic Society, please <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Need for more weather safety awareness and lightning warning tools to save human lives, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Jul 26, 2021, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/need-for-more-weather-safety-awareness-and-lightning-warning-tools-to-save-human-lives.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/need-for-more-weather-safety-awareness-and-lightning-warning-tools-to-save-human-lives.html">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Forest fires have become more frequent this year as compared to the past, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Apr 25, 2021, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/forest-fires-have-become-more-frequent-this-year-as-compared-to-the-past.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/forest-fires-have-become-more-frequent-this-year-as-compared-to-the-past.html">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Locust invasions in a number of Indian states have arisen out of climate change induced extreme rainfalls in desert areas, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Jun 2, 2020, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/locust-invasions-in-a-number-of-indian-states-have-arisen-out-of-climate-change-induced-extreme-rainfalls-in-desert-areas.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/locust-invasions-in-a-number-of-indian-states-have-arisen-out-of-climate-change-induced-extreme-rainfalls-in-desert-areas.html">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Extreme weather events destroying our economy in a big way, indicates official data, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Oct 14, 2019, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/extreme-weather-events-destroying-our-economy-in-a-big-way-indicates-official-data-4688225.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/extreme-weather-events-destroying-our-economy-in-a-big-way-indicates-official-data-4688225.html">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Video -- Climate Change: What will be its impact on farming? Down to Earth, 22 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGNBkW82oyY" title="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGNBkW82oyY">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">145 Homeless Have Succumbed to Cold in Delhi: NGO -Ronak Chhabra, Newsclick.in, 24 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM" title="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Sundarbans is cyclone capital of India: IMD report -Jayanta Basu, Down to Earth, 24 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/natural-disasters/sundarbans-is-cyclone-capital-of-india-imd-report-81244?fbclid=IwAR0nkTprqhnLqQjRBpMdu3Hy0Lens8rSymaSRXuYakHr2_jswIRA3A4BFQ4" title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/natural-disasters/sundarbans-is-cyclone-capital-of-india-imd-report-81244?fbclid=IwAR0nkTprqhnLqQjRBpMdu3Hy0Lens8rSymaSRXuYakHr2_jswIRA3A4BFQ4">click here</a> to read more</p><p style="text-align:justify">106 deaths in Delhi in January due to cold, claims NGO; Officials deny, PTI/ The Hindu, 23 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece" title="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Unseasonal rains and hail affect rabi crops in North India -Sutanuka Ghosal, The Economic Times, 23 January, 2022, please <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">South 24-Parganas in Bengal most cyclone-affected district in India -Jayanta Basu, The Telegraph, 20 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/news/south-24-parganas-in-bengal-most-cyclone-affected-district-in-india/cid/1848386" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/news/south-24-parganas-in-bengal-most-cyclone-affected-district-in-india/cid/1848386">click here</a> to read more &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Centre lists districts vulnerable to climate crisis in India&rsquo;s first weather hazard atlas -Jayashree Nandi, Hindustan Times, 18 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/centre-lists-districts-vulnerable-to-climate-crisis-in-india-s-first-weather-hazard-atlas-101642444901702.html" title="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/centre-lists-districts-vulnerable-to-climate-crisis-in-india-s-first-weather-hazard-atlas-101642444901702.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">2021 Fifth Warmest Year In India Since 1901, Extreme Weather Events Led To 1,750 Deaths: IMD, ABPLive.com, 14 January, 2022, please <a href="https://news.abplive.com/news/india/2021-fifth-warmest-year-in-india-since-1901-extreme-weather-events-led-to-1-750-deaths-imd-1506408" title="https://news.abplive.com/news/india/2021-fifth-warmest-year-in-india-since-1901-extreme-weather-events-led-to-1-750-deaths-imd-1506408">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">Madhya Pradesh: Rain, hailstones damage crops in Bundelkhand, The Times of India, 10 January, 2022, please <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/rain-hailstones-damage-crops-in-bkhand/articleshow/88798223.cms" title="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/rain-hailstones-damage-crops-in-bkhand/articleshow/88798223.cms">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">Hailstones &lsquo;as big as berries&rsquo;: Farmers in MP&rsquo;s Niwari district suffer immense crop losses -Rakesh Kumar Malviya, Down to Earth, 10 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day." title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day.">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">What is COP26, and why is it so important? -Lou Del Bello, TheThirdPole.net, 21 October, 2021, please <a href="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE" title="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: India Meteorological Department, please <a href="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</strong></p>                                                           
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">In the month of January this year, more than 100 homeless persons died <em>(please click <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece" title="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece">here</a> and <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM" title="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM">here</a> to access)</em> in Delhi-NCR due to cold wave like conditions. Although a Delhi-based non-government organisation (NGO) Centre for Holistic Development (CHD) made that claim, and therefore asked the Chief Minister of Delhi to make proper arrangements for the homeless poor during winters, the officials of the Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board (DUSIB) denied any such death due to cold.<br />&nbsp;<br />Aside from cold waves, there were reports about hailstorm&nbsp;and untimely rainfall in January that <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day." title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day.">damaged standing rabi crops</a>, such as wheat, green peas, jowar <em>(sorghum)</em>, etc.&nbsp;in <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day." title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day.">various districts of Madhya Pradesh</a>. Unseasonal rainfall and hailstorm also took place in north India, which damaged <em>rabi </em>crops such as mustard, wheat, gram, and potato. While <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">mustard and gram crops</a> faced the detrimental impact of hailstorms in <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">Bharatpur, Dholpur and Kota</a> <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">districts of Rajasthan</a>, excessive rains caused water logging near root zones in case of <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">wheat grown in eastern and</a> <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">western Uttar Pradesh and Punjab</a>, thus leading to yellowing of the crop. <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">Potato crop in Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">Rajasthan, and Punjab</a> too is at the risk of being damaged due to diseases like late blight that are caused by excessive rains and waterlogged conditions. &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Chart 1: Distribution of the number of deaths and its percentage during 2021 due to extreme weather events</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify"><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Chart%201%20Distribution%20of%20the%20number%20of%20deaths%20and%20its%20percentage%20during%202021%20due%20to%20extreme%20weather%20events.png" style="height:429px; width:778px" /></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source: </strong>Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES),&nbsp;released on 14 January, 2022, please <a href="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access</em><em>&nbsp;</em><br /><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Extreme weather events are not new to us. The country is increasingly facing a higher frequency of extreme weather events like floods, cold waves, heat waves, cyclonic storms, heavy rainfall, droughts, lightning, thunderstorms, wildfires, landslides, etc. in recent years. In 2021, the year when world leaders gathered at <a href="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE" title="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE">Glasgow for COP26</a> to decide how to tackle <a href="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE" title="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE">climate change</a> caused by greenhouse gas emissions, extreme weather events took as many as <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">1,750 lives</a> in our country. According to a <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">recent report</a>&nbsp;by India Meteorological Department (IMD) of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), while floods, excessive rainfall and landslides caused the death of 759 <em>(i.e., 43 percent of the total) </em>Indians in 2021, almost 787 individuals <em>(i.e., 45 percent of the total) </em>lost their lives due to lightning&nbsp;and thunderstorms. Around 172 deaths <em>(i.e., 10 percent of the total)</em> in 2021 were caused by cyclonic storms, whereas 32 deaths <em>(i.e., 2 percent of the total)</em> happened due to other events like cold waves, dust storms, gale, hailstorms, and snowfall. Please see chart-1.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The data on human beings killed in 2021 due to extreme weather events is based on various media and government reports from Disaster Management Authorities, says the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">IMD document</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Maharashtra suffered the most during 2021 because it witnessed about 350 deaths mainly due to heavy rainfall, floods, landslides, lightning&nbsp;and thunderstorms, cyclonic storms, and cold wave events. The other states that saw a high number of deaths due to extreme weather events in 2021 were Odisha (223), Madhya Pradesh (191), Uttarakhand (147), and Bihar (102), shows the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">IMD report</a>. Please consult table-1.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Tropical Cyclones</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">In 2021, five tropical cyclones formed over the north Indian Ocean. Of these, three cyclones <em>(i.e., Yaas, Gulab, Jawad)</em> formed over the Bay of Bengal, and the remaining 2 cyclones <em>(i.e., Tauktae and Shaheen)</em> formed over the Arabian Sea. Please see table-1.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Table 1: Extreme weather events during 2021 along with associated loss of human lives</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify"><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Table%201%20Extreme%20weather%20events%20during%202021%20along%20with%20associated%20loss%20of%20human%20lives.png" style="height:1177px; width:1000px" /></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source: </strong>Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES),&nbsp;released on 14 January, 2022, please <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</em><br /><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Among the 5 cyclones that hit India in 2021, the most devastating was the Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm (ESCS) Tauktae <em>(14 May to 19 May)</em>, which formed in the pre-monsoon season over the Arabian Sea, crossed Saurashtra coast on 17th May, claiming 144 lives from across the states in western India stretching from Kerala in the far southern part of the country to Gujarat in the west. The ESCS Tauktae took 3 lives in Goa, 79 in Gujarat, 8 in Karnataka, 9 in Kerala, and 45 in Maharashtra.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (VSCS) Yaas <em>(23 May to 28 May)</em>, formed during the pre-monsoon season over the Bay of Bengal, crossed north Odisha coast on 26th May 2021 and claimed 9 lives from Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Bihar. The VSCS Yaas caused 1 death in Bihar, 3 each in Jharkhand and Odisha, and 2 in West Bengal.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Cyclonic Storm (CS) Gulab <em>(24 September to 28 September)</em>, formed during the southwest monsoon season and crossed north Andhra Pradesh &ndash; south Odisha coasts on 26th September, claiming 19 lives from Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Maharashtra. The CS Gulab killed 4 persons in Andhra Pradesh, 11 in Maharashtra, 1 in Odisha, and 3 in Telangana. &nbsp; &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Severe Cyclonic Storm Shaheen <em>(29 September to 4 October) </em>formed over Arabian Sea and moved away from the Indian region towards the Oman coast. The Cyclonic Storm Jawad <em>(2-6 December) </em>formed over Bay of Bengal and weakened close to the Odisha coast.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Other Extreme Weather Events</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Due to floods, heavy rainfall and landslides, 215 lives were lost in Maharashtra, 143 in Uttarakhand, 55 in Himachal Pradesh, 53 in Kerala, and 46 in Andhra Pradesh.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Thunderstorms and lightning&nbsp;took 213 lives in Odisha, 156 in Madhya Pradesh, 89 in Bihar, 76 in Maharashtra, 58 in West Bengal, 54 in Jharkhand, 49 in Uttar Pradesh, and 48 in Rajasthan.</p><p style="text-align:justify">According to the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">recent IMD report</a>, the 2021 annual mean land surface air temperature for the country was 0.44 degree Celsius above the long period average based on 1981-2010, thus making the year 2021 the fifth warmest year on record since 1901. The five warmest years on record, in descending order were: 2016 <em>(+0.71 degree Celsius)</em>, 2009 <em>(+0.55 degree Celsius)</em>, 2017 <em>(+0.541 degree Celsius)</em>, 2010 <em>(+0.539 degree Celsius)</em>, and 2021 <em>(+0.44 degree Celsius)</em>.&nbsp;Please note that 11 out of 15 warmest years were during the recent fifteen years <em>(i.e., 2007-2021)</em>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Other events like snowfall, cold waves, dust storms, gale, and hailstorms that took place in different parts of the country caused loss of life, injury, loss of livestock, and damage to crops and property.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In his <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf">reply to a starred question</a> <em>(answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha)</em>, the Minister of Agriculture and Farmers&#39; Welfare said that <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf">almost 50 lakh hectare</a> of agricultural area was affected due to cyclonic storms/ flash floods / floods /landslides /cloudburst, etc. during 2021. It should be noted that the Ministry of Home Affairs deputed 19 Inter-Ministerial Central Teams (IMCTs) to 14 states and two Union Territories (UTs) last year.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In yet another <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">reply to a unstarred question</a> <em>(answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha)</em>, the agriculture minister Shri Narendra Singh Tomar said that out of the total claims of <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">Rs. 1,05,426 crore</a> made between FY 2016-17 and FY 2020-21 under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) as well as the Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS), <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">Rs. 1,02,045 crore</a> was paid as on November 25, 2021. It means that <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">Rs. 3,381 crore</a> of crop insurance related claims was yet to be paid for the period from FY 2016-17 to FY 2020-21 as on November 25, 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Mapping Disasters</strong>&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html">Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India</a>, which has been developed by India Meteorological Department (IMD), Pune, is expected to help in disaster preparedness since the frequency of extreme weather events is rising in the wake of the climate crisis.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Since the <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">atlas is presented in WebGIS</a>, the information on the values of the parameter and other information can be seen by keeping the cursor on the district. The facility of identifying the location and search option for the desired district to get the value of the parameter is made available on the top left side of the panel of each map. In total <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">640 maps</a> are available in the web version of Climate Vulnerability Atlas. In short, the web atlas developed by IMD Pune is represented using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools and provides district-level maps on hazard events and vulnerability. The maps are prepared based on climatological data, census data on population, and housing density.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">In order to <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">compute the Normalised Vulnerability index (NVI)</a> corresponding to each indicator for the i-th district, IMD Pune has normalised the indicator values, which standardises the disaster values to the range between 0.0 and 1.0.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The normalised values are categorised in four parts by using four quartiles and are given below:</p><p style="text-align:justify"><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Normalised%20Vulnerability%20Index%20Values.PNG" style="height:143px; width:352px" /></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source:</strong> Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, India Meteorological Department, Pune, Ministry of Earth Sciences, please <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The atlas provides <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">Climate Hazard Maps</a> for dust storms, hailstorms, thunderstorms, fog, lightning, wind hazard <em>(extreme winds)</em>, extreme rainfall events, droughts and cyclones. One also gets <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">Climate Vulnerability Maps</a> for cold waves, heat waves, floods, lightning&nbsp;and snowfall from the <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html">Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India</a>. &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Take for example, the <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">maximum storm surges</a> <em>(in metres)</em> annually that take&nbsp;place&nbsp;during cyclones <em>(period 1961-2020)</em>. The maximum storm surge of <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">13.7 metre</a> is noticed in <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">South 24-Parganas</a> apart from <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">East Medinipur</a> of West Bengal, followed by <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">13.1 metre</a> in Odisha&#39;s <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">Baleshwar</a>, and <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/cyclone/c1961_2020/annual/storm%20surge/index.html">12.0 meter in Ramanathapuram</a> district of Tamil Nadu. A <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">storm surge</a> is a rise in sea level that one sees during tropical cyclones and intense storms <em>(also known as typhoons or hurricanes)</em>. The storms usually <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">produce strong winds</a> that push the water into shore, which can lead to <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">flooding of the coastal areas</a>. &nbsp;&nbsp;<br />&nbsp; &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong><em>References</em></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES),&nbsp;released on 14 January, 2022, please <a href="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, India Meteorological Department, Pune, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), please click <a href="/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf" title="/upload/files/About%20Climate%20Hazard%20and%20Vulnerability%20Atlas%20of%20India.pdf">here</a> and <a href="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html" title="https://imdpune.gov.in/hazardatlas/index.html">here</a> to access&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Component-4: Extreme Events and Disasters, EnviStats India 2021, Vol. 1, Environment Statistics, National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), please click <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Deaths%20due%20to%20extreme%20weather%20events%20in%20various%20years.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Deaths%20due%20to%20extreme%20weather%20events%20in%20various%20years.pdf">here</a>&nbsp;to read more&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Crop damage due to heavy rains, Starred Question No. 23 to be answered on November 30, 2021, Lok Sabha, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers&#39; Welfare, please <a href="/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf" title="/upload/files/Crop%20damage%20due%20to%20heavy%20rains%20Starred%20Question%20No%2023%20to%20be%20answered%20on%2030th%20Nov%202021.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Coverage of PMFBY, Reply to unstarred question no. 460 to be answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers&#39; Welfare, please click <a href="/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf" title="/upload/files/Reply%20to%20unstarred%20question%20no.%20460%20answered%20on%20November%2030%202021%20in%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf">here to</a> access&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Storm Surge, Resource Library, National Geographic Society, please <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/" title="https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/storm-surge/">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Need for more weather safety awareness and lightning warning tools to save human lives, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Jul 26, 2021, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/need-for-more-weather-safety-awareness-and-lightning-warning-tools-to-save-human-lives.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/need-for-more-weather-safety-awareness-and-lightning-warning-tools-to-save-human-lives.html">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Forest fires have become more frequent this year as compared to the past, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Apr 25, 2021, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/forest-fires-have-become-more-frequent-this-year-as-compared-to-the-past.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/forest-fires-have-become-more-frequent-this-year-as-compared-to-the-past.html">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Locust invasions in a number of Indian states have arisen out of climate change induced extreme rainfalls in desert areas, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Jun 2, 2020, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/locust-invasions-in-a-number-of-indian-states-have-arisen-out-of-climate-change-induced-extreme-rainfalls-in-desert-areas.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/locust-invasions-in-a-number-of-indian-states-have-arisen-out-of-climate-change-induced-extreme-rainfalls-in-desert-areas.html">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">News alert: Extreme weather events destroying our economy in a big way, indicates official data, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Oct 14, 2019, please <a href="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/extreme-weather-events-destroying-our-economy-in-a-big-way-indicates-official-data-4688225.html" title="https://im4change.org/news-alerts-57/extreme-weather-events-destroying-our-economy-in-a-big-way-indicates-official-data-4688225.html">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Video -- Climate Change: What will be its impact on farming? Down to Earth, 22 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGNBkW82oyY" title="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGNBkW82oyY">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">145 Homeless Have Succumbed to Cold in Delhi: NGO -Ronak Chhabra, Newsclick.in, 24 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM" title="https://www.newsclick.in/145-Homeless-Have-Succumbed-Cold-Delhi-NGO?fbclid=IwAR3vbqBaYmNkpgfS4yI4EXXrO-YauMHRMXmAzsc7m4mNcrF4FaFqoi2bTOM">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Sundarbans is cyclone capital of India: IMD report -Jayanta Basu, Down to Earth, 24 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/natural-disasters/sundarbans-is-cyclone-capital-of-india-imd-report-81244?fbclid=IwAR0nkTprqhnLqQjRBpMdu3Hy0Lens8rSymaSRXuYakHr2_jswIRA3A4BFQ4" title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/natural-disasters/sundarbans-is-cyclone-capital-of-india-imd-report-81244?fbclid=IwAR0nkTprqhnLqQjRBpMdu3Hy0Lens8rSymaSRXuYakHr2_jswIRA3A4BFQ4">click here</a> to read more</p><p style="text-align:justify">106 deaths in Delhi in January due to cold, claims NGO; Officials deny, PTI/ The Hindu, 23 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece" title="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/106-deaths-in-delhi-in-january-due-to-cold-claims-ngo-officials-deny/article38313840.ece">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Unseasonal rains and hail affect rabi crops in North India -Sutanuka Ghosal, The Economic Times, 23 January, 2022, please <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms" title="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/unseasonal-rains-and-hail-affect-rabi-crops-in-north-india/articleshow/89076956.cms">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">South 24-Parganas in Bengal most cyclone-affected district in India -Jayanta Basu, The Telegraph, 20 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/news/south-24-parganas-in-bengal-most-cyclone-affected-district-in-india/cid/1848386" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/news/south-24-parganas-in-bengal-most-cyclone-affected-district-in-india/cid/1848386">click here</a> to read more &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Centre lists districts vulnerable to climate crisis in India&rsquo;s first weather hazard atlas -Jayashree Nandi, Hindustan Times, 18 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/centre-lists-districts-vulnerable-to-climate-crisis-in-india-s-first-weather-hazard-atlas-101642444901702.html" title="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/centre-lists-districts-vulnerable-to-climate-crisis-in-india-s-first-weather-hazard-atlas-101642444901702.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">2021 Fifth Warmest Year In India Since 1901, Extreme Weather Events Led To 1,750 Deaths: IMD, ABPLive.com, 14 January, 2022, please <a href="https://news.abplive.com/news/india/2021-fifth-warmest-year-in-india-since-1901-extreme-weather-events-led-to-1-750-deaths-imd-1506408" title="https://news.abplive.com/news/india/2021-fifth-warmest-year-in-india-since-1901-extreme-weather-events-led-to-1-750-deaths-imd-1506408">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">Madhya Pradesh: Rain, hailstones damage crops in Bundelkhand, The Times of India, 10 January, 2022, please <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/rain-hailstones-damage-crops-in-bkhand/articleshow/88798223.cms" title="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/rain-hailstones-damage-crops-in-bkhand/articleshow/88798223.cms">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">Hailstones &lsquo;as big as berries&rsquo;: Farmers in MP&rsquo;s Niwari district suffer immense crop losses -Rakesh Kumar Malviya, Down to Earth, 10 January, 2022, please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day." title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/hailstones-as-big-as-berries-farmers-in-mp-s-niwari-district-suffer-immense-crop-losses-81049#:~:text=Farmers%20in%20Madhya%20Pradesh's%20smallest,a%20hailstorm%20January%209%2C%202022.&amp;text=It%20has%20rained%20in%20all,52%20districts%20since%20Christmas%20Day.">click here</a> to access</p><p style="text-align:justify">What is COP26, and why is it so important? -Lou Del Bello, TheThirdPole.net, 21 October, 2021, please <a href="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE" title="https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/climate/cop26-explained/?gclid=CjwKCAiA3L6PBhBvEiwAINlJ9JTQQyIO5fR60AGN4btjqXh7duk393ofEfAZh8E2Bpp_Wtfm6AgQHRoCAKUQAvD_BwE">click here</a> to access &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: India Meteorological Department, please <a href="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf" title="/upload/files/Extreme%20Weather%20Events%20in%202021%20IMD.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;</strong></p>                                                           
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Home हिन्दी

1,750 Indians died due to extreme weather events in 2021, says new IMD report

Published on Jan 28, 2022   Modified on Jan 28, 2022

In the month of January this year, more than 100 homeless persons died (please click here and here to access) in Delhi-NCR due to cold wave like conditions. Although a Delhi-based non-government organisation (NGO) Centre for Holistic Development (CHD) made that claim, and therefore asked the Chief Minister of Delhi to make proper arrangements for the homeless poor during winters, the officials of the Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board (DUSIB) denied any such death due to cold.   Aside from cold waves, there were reports about hailstorm and untimely rainfall in January that damaged standing rabi crops, such as wheat, green peas, jowar (sorghum), etc. in various districts of Madhya Pradesh. Unseasonal rainfall and hailstorm also took place in north India, which damaged rabi crops such as mustard, wheat, gram, and potato. While mustard and gram crops faced the detrimental impact of hailstorms in Bharatpur, Dholpur and Kota districts of Rajasthan, excessive rains caused water logging near root zones in case of wheat grown in eastern and western Uttar Pradesh and Punjab, thus leading to yellowing of the crop. Potato crop in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Punjab too is at the risk of being damaged due to diseases like late blight that are caused by excessive rains and waterlogged conditions.   Chart 1: Distribution of the number of deaths and its percentage during 2021 due to extreme weather events Source: Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), released on 14 January, 2022, please click here to access  --- Extreme weather events are not new to us. The country is increasingly facing a higher frequency of extreme weather events like floods, cold waves, heat waves, cyclonic storms, heavy rainfall, droughts, lightning, thunderstorms, wildfires, landslides, etc. in recent years. In 2021, the year when world leaders gathered at Glasgow for COP26 to decide how to tackle climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions, extreme weather events took as many as 1,750 lives in our country. According to a recent report by India Meteorological Department (IMD) of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), while floods, excessive rainfall and landslides caused the death of 759 (i.e., 43 percent of the total) Indians in 2021, almost 787 individuals (i.e., 45 percent of the total) lost their lives due to lightning and thunderstorms. Around 172 deaths (i.e., 10 percent of the total) in 2021 were caused by cyclonic storms, whereas 32 deaths (i.e., 2 percent of the total) happened due to other events like cold waves, dust storms, gale, hailstorms, and snowfall. Please see chart-1.  The data on human beings killed in 2021 due to extreme weather events is based on various media and government reports from Disaster Management Authorities, says the IMD document. Maharashtra suffered the most during 2021 because it witnessed about 350 deaths mainly due to heavy rainfall, floods, landslides, lightning and thunderstorms, cyclonic storms, and cold wave events. The other states that saw a high number of deaths due to extreme weather events in 2021 were Odisha (223), Madhya Pradesh (191), Uttarakhand (147), and Bihar (102), shows the IMD report. Please consult table-1. Tropical Cyclones In 2021, five tropical cyclones formed over the north Indian Ocean. Of these, three cyclones (i.e., Yaas, Gulab, Jawad) formed over the Bay of Bengal, and the remaining 2 cyclones (i.e., Tauktae and Shaheen) formed over the Arabian Sea. Please see table-1. Table 1: Extreme weather events during 2021 along with associated loss of human lives Source: Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), released on 14 January, 2022, please click here to access  --- Among the 5 cyclones that hit India in 2021, the most devastating was the Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm (ESCS) Tauktae (14 May to 19 May), which formed in the pre-monsoon season over the Arabian Sea, crossed Saurashtra coast on 17th May, claiming 144 lives from across the states in western India stretching from Kerala in the far southern part of the country to Gujarat in the west. The ESCS Tauktae took 3 lives in Goa, 79 in Gujarat, 8 in Karnataka, 9 in Kerala, and 45 in Maharashtra.  The Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (VSCS) Yaas (23 May to 28 May), formed during the pre-monsoon season over the Bay of Bengal, crossed north Odisha coast on 26th May 2021 and claimed 9 lives from Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Bihar. The VSCS Yaas caused 1 death in Bihar, 3 each in Jharkhand and Odisha, and 2 in West Bengal. The Cyclonic Storm (CS) Gulab (24 September to 28 September), formed during the southwest monsoon season and crossed north Andhra Pradesh – south Odisha coasts on 26th September, claiming 19 lives from Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Maharashtra. The CS Gulab killed 4 persons in Andhra Pradesh, 11 in Maharashtra, 1 in Odisha, and 3 in Telangana.     The Severe Cyclonic Storm Shaheen (29 September to 4 October) formed over Arabian Sea and moved away from the Indian region towards the Oman coast. The Cyclonic Storm Jawad (2-6 December) formed over Bay of Bengal and weakened close to the Odisha coast. Other Extreme Weather Events Due to floods, heavy rainfall and landslides, 215 lives were lost in Maharashtra, 143 in Uttarakhand, 55 in Himachal Pradesh, 53 in Kerala, and 46 in Andhra Pradesh.  Thunderstorms and lightning took 213 lives in Odisha, 156 in Madhya Pradesh, 89 in Bihar, 76 in Maharashtra, 58 in West Bengal, 54 in Jharkhand, 49 in Uttar Pradesh, and 48 in Rajasthan. According to the recent IMD report, the 2021 annual mean land surface air temperature for the country was 0.44 degree Celsius above the long period average based on 1981-2010, thus making the year 2021 the fifth warmest year on record since 1901. The five warmest years on record, in descending order were: 2016 (+0.71 degree Celsius), 2009 (+0.55 degree Celsius), 2017 (+0.541 degree Celsius), 2010 (+0.539 degree Celsius), and 2021 (+0.44 degree Celsius). Please note that 11 out of 15 warmest years were during the recent fifteen years (i.e., 2007-2021). Other events like snowfall, cold waves, dust storms, gale, and hailstorms that took place in different parts of the country caused loss of life, injury, loss of livestock, and damage to crops and property. In his reply to a starred question (answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha), the Minister of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare said that almost 50 lakh hectare of agricultural area was affected due to cyclonic storms/ flash floods / floods /landslides /cloudburst, etc. during 2021. It should be noted that the Ministry of Home Affairs deputed 19 Inter-Ministerial Central Teams (IMCTs) to 14 states and two Union Territories (UTs) last year. In yet another reply to a unstarred question (answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha), the agriculture minister Shri Narendra Singh Tomar said that out of the total claims of Rs. 1,05,426 crore made between FY 2016-17 and FY 2020-21 under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) as well as the Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS), Rs. 1,02,045 crore was paid as on November 25, 2021. It means that Rs. 3,381 crore of crop insurance related claims was yet to be paid for the period from FY 2016-17 to FY 2020-21 as on November 25, 2021. Mapping Disasters  The Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, which has been developed by India Meteorological Department (IMD), Pune, is expected to help in disaster preparedness since the frequency of extreme weather events is rising in the wake of the climate crisis. Since the atlas is presented in WebGIS, the information on the values of the parameter and other information can be seen by keeping the cursor on the district. The facility of identifying the location and search option for the desired district to get the value of the parameter is made available on the top left side of the panel of each map. In total 640 maps are available in the web version of Climate Vulnerability Atlas. In short, the web atlas developed by IMD Pune is represented using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools and provides district-level maps on hazard events and vulnerability. The maps are prepared based on climatological data, census data on population, and housing density.  In order to compute the Normalised Vulnerability index (NVI) corresponding to each indicator for the i-th district, IMD Pune has normalised the indicator values, which standardises the disaster values to the range between 0.0 and 1.0. The normalised values are categorised in four parts by using four quartiles and are given below: Source: Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, India Meteorological Department, Pune, Ministry of Earth Sciences, please click here to access  --- The atlas provides Climate Hazard Maps for dust storms, hailstorms, thunderstorms, fog, lightning, wind hazard (extreme winds), extreme rainfall events, droughts and cyclones. One also gets Climate Vulnerability Maps for cold waves, heat waves, floods, lightning and snowfall from the Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India.   Take for example, the maximum storm surges (in metres) annually that take place during cyclones (period 1961-2020). The maximum storm surge of 13.7 metre is noticed in South 24-Parganas apart from East Medinipur of West Bengal, followed by 13.1 metre in Odisha's Baleshwar, and 12.0 meter in Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu. A storm surge is a rise in sea level that one sees during tropical cyclones and intense storms (also known as typhoons or hurricanes). The storms usually produce strong winds that push the water into shore, which can lead to flooding of the coastal areas.        References Annual Statement on Climate of India 2021, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), released on 14 January, 2022, please click here to access  Climate Hazards and Vulnerability Atlas of India, India Meteorological Department, Pune, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), please click here and here to access  Component-4: Extreme Events and Disasters, EnviStats India 2021, Vol. 1, Environment Statistics, National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), please click here to read more  Crop damage due to heavy rains, Starred Question No. 23 to be answered on November 30, 2021, Lok Sabha, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare, please click here to access   Coverage of PMFBY, Reply to unstarred question no. 460 to be answered on November 30, 2021 in the Lok Sabha, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare, please click here to access   Storm Surge, Resource Library, National Geographic Society, please click here to access   News alert: Need for more weather safety awareness and lightning warning tools to save human lives, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Jul 26, 2021, please click here to access News alert: Forest fires have become more frequent this year as compared to the past, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Apr 25, 2021, please click here to access   News alert: Locust invasions in a number of Indian states have arisen out of climate change induced extreme rainfalls in desert areas, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Jun 2, 2020, please click here to access News alert: Extreme weather events destroying our economy in a big way, indicates official data, Inclusive Media for Change, Published on Oct 14, 2019, please click here to access   Video -- Climate Change: What will be its impact on farming? Down to Earth, 22 January, 2022, please click here to access   145 Homeless Have Succumbed to Cold in Delhi: NGO -Ronak Chhabra, Newsclick.in, 24 January, 2022, please click here to access   Sundarbans is cyclone capital of India: IMD report -Jayanta Basu, Down to Earth, 24 January, 2022, please click here to read more 106 deaths in Delhi in January due to cold, claims NGO; Officials deny, PTI/ The Hindu, 23 January, 2022, please click here to access   Unseasonal rains and hail affect rabi crops in North India -Sutanuka Ghosal, The Economic Times, 23 January, 2022, please click here to access South 24-Parganas in Bengal most cyclone-affected district in India -Jayanta Basu, The Telegraph, 20 January, 2022, please click here to read more   Centre lists districts vulnerable to climate crisis in India’s first weather hazard atlas -Jayashree Nandi, Hindustan Times, 18 January, 2022, please click here to access    2021 Fifth Warmest Year In India Since 1901, Extreme Weather Events Led To 1,750 Deaths: IMD, ABPLive.com, 14 January, 2022, please click here to access Madhya Pradesh: Rain, hailstones damage crops in Bundelkhand, The Times of India, 10 January, 2022, please click here to access Hailstones ‘as big as berries’: Farmers in MP’s Niwari district suffer immense crop losses -Rakesh Kumar Malviya, Down to Earth, 10 January, 2022, please click here to access What is COP26, and why is it so important? -Lou Del Bello, TheThirdPole.net, 21 October, 2021, please click here to access     Image Courtesy: India Meteorological Department, please click here to access

Tagged with: Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal Climate Change Climate Hazard and Vulnerability Atlas of India Cold Wave Crop Damage Crop Insurance Cyclones Excessive Rainfall Extreme Temperature Extreme Weather Events Floods Geographic Information System Global Warming Gulab Heat Wave Heavy Rainfall IMD India Meteorological Department Jawad Landslides Lightning PMFBY Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana Rabi Crops Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme RWBCIS Shaheen Storm surge Tauktae Thunderstorms Tropical Cyclones Yaas

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