Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]



        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }

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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]

Code Context



        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }

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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]

Code Context

            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {

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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">India's farm sector performance has improved over the years, shows latest FAO report  </h1>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">The <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">World Food and Agriculture</a> <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">&ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022</a>, released in December 2022, provides its readers a plethora of useful statistics and data across the countries pertaining to agriculture and food security. The yearbook by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) primarily covers four themes -- Economic Dimensions of Agriculture; Production, Trade and Prices of Commodities; Food Security and Nutrition; and Sustainability and Environmental Aspects of Agriculture.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">While going through the report, one finds that on a number of counts, India is closely competing against China and the United States. For example, the countries with the largest agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in terms of value added in 2020 are China, India and the United States of America. In 2020, the largest share of global cropland was found in India <em>(11 percent)</em>, followed by the United States of America <em>(10 percent),</em> and China <em>(9 percent)</em>.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">For the benefit of our readers, we are providing below some of the key India-specific data points from the <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">World Food and Agriculture</a> <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">&ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022</a>:&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Role&nbsp;of farm sector</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; For India, the value added of agriculture, forestry and fishing <em>(in US$ million, 2015 prices) </em>was US$ 2,28,142.8 million in 2000, US$ 2,59,599.1 million in 2005, US$ 3,03,288.4 million in 2010, US$ 3,47,227.7 million in 2015, US$ 3,70,830.7 million in 2016, US$ 3,95,327.4 million in 2017, US$ 4,05,451.6 million in 2018, US$ 4,22,945.9 million in 2019, and US$ 4,40,649.4 million in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of Central Government expenditure on agriculture, forestry and fishing in total outlays was 5.0 percent in 2001, 5.0 percent in 2005, 7.5 percent in 2010, 8.9 percent in 2015, 5.3 percent in 2016, 5.1 percent in 2017, and 4.8 percent in 2018.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; For India, the share of agriculture, forestry and fishing value added in total GDP <em>(US$ prices) </em>was 27.9 percent in 2000, 23.2 percent in 2005, 19.3 percent in 2010, 16.2 percent in 2015, 16.0 percent in 2016, 15.9 percent in 2017, 15.3 percent in 2018, 15.4 percent in 2019, and 17.3 percent in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In the case of India, agricultural land under permanent meadows and pastures was 10,845.0 thousand hectares in 2000, 10,339.0 thousand hectares in 2010, 10,262.0 thousand hectares in 2015, and 10,376.0 thousand hectares in 2020. Agricultural land under cropland in our country was 1,70,130.0 thousand hectares in 2000, 1,69,234.0 thousand hectares in 2010, 1,69,413.0 thousand hectares in 2015, and 1,68,669.1 thousand hectares in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Cropland area per capita in India was 0.16 ha in 2000, 0.15 ha in 2005, 0.14 ha in 2010, 0.13 ha in 2015, 0.13 ha in 2016, 0.13 ha in 2017, 0.12 ha in 2018, 0.12 ha in 2019, and 0.12 ha in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Area equipped for irrigation in India was in 60,432 thousand hectare in 2000, 64,646 thousand hectare in 2005, 67,700 thousand hectare in 2010, 70,074 thousand hectare in 2015, 70,237 thousand hectare in 2016, 70,400 thousand hectare in 2017, 70,400 thousand hectare in 2018, 72,504 thousand hectare in 2019, and 72,504 thousand hectare in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of area equipped for irrigation in agricultural land in India was 33.4 percent in 2000, 35.9 percent in 2005, 37.7 percent in 2010, 39.0 percent in 2015, 39.1 percent in 2016, 39.3 percent in 2017, 39.3 percent in 2018, 40.5 percent in 2019, and 40.5 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; For India, the share of water withdrawal by agriculture in total withdrawal was 91.5 percent in 2000, 90.9 percent in 2005, 90.4 percent in 2010, 90.4 percent in 2014, 90.4 percent in 2015, 90.4 percent in 2016, 90.4 percent in 2017, 90.4 percent in 2018 and 90.4 percent in 2019.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; China <em>(75 million hectare) </em>and India <em>(73 million ha)</em> have the largest equipped area for irrigation, that exceeds that of the United States of America <em>(27 million ha)</em>. China and India also have made the largest net increase in equipped area between 2000 and 2020 <em>(+21 million hectare for China and +12 million ha for India)</em>.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Farm employment</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; With around 190 million people working in each of India and China in agriculture, together these two countries accounted for two-thirds of agricultural employment in Asia and 44 percent of global agricultural employment in 2021 &ndash; even though 27 million people left the agriculture sector between 2000 and 2021 in India and 173 million in China.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Employment provided by agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in India was 2,22,209 thousand in 2000, 2,35,813 thousand in 2005, 2,22,439 thousand in 2010, 1,99,364 thousand in 2015, 1,96,146 thousand in 2017, 1,94,195 thousand in 2018, 1,89,249 thousand in 2019, 1,86,596 thousand in 2020, and 1,94,797 thousand in 2021.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in total employment was 59.6 percent in 2000, 56.0 percent in 2005, 51.5 percent in 2010, 45.2 percent in 2015, 43.9 percent in 2017, 43.3 percent in 2018, 41.4 percent in 2019, 44.3 percent in 2020, and 44.0 percent in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of Indian women in agriculture, forestry and fishing employment was 32.0 percent in 2000, 33.8 percent in 2005, 30.4 percent in 2010, 27.0 percent in 2015, 26.6 percent in 2017, 26.4 percent in 2018, 27.4 percent in 2019, 27.1 percent in 2020, and 27.5 percent in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Farm sector output</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of vegetable oils in the country was 5,483 thousand tonnes in 2000, 7,865 thousand tonnes in 2010, and 6,087 thousand tonnes in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In 2019, the largest sugarcane producing country was India, which increased its share in the world total from 15 percent in 2000 to 19 percent in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of raw sugar was 20,219 thousand tonnes in 2000, 14,170 thousand tonnes in 2005, 20,637 thousand tonnes in 2010, 26,605 thousand tonnes in 2014, 30,460 thousand tonnes in 2015, 27,385 thousand tonnes in 2016, 22,200 thousand tonnes in 2017, 34,309 thousand tonnes in 2018, and 34,300 thousand tonnes in 2019.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In 2019, the largest raw sugar producing country was India, which increased its share in the world total from 15 percent in 2000 to 19 percent in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of meat in India was 4,449 thousand tonnes in 2000, 6,089 thousand tonnes in 2010, 7,130 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 7,475 thousand tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Milk production in Asia went up 120 percent between 2000 and 2020, from 170 million tonnes to 374 million tonnes mostly due to the increase in India <em>(104 million tonnes)</em>, which was the largest producer with a 21 percent share of the global total in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of milk in India was 79,868.0 thousand tonnes in 2000, 95,837.9 thousand tonnes in 2005, 1,22,067.7 thousand tonnes in 2010, 1,55,699.8 thousand tonnes in 2015, 1,65,340.4 thousand tonnes in 2016, 1,76,284.8 thousand tonnes in 2017, 1,87,976.7 thousand tonnes in 2018, 1,87,630.9 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 1,83,955.5 thousand tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; With 35 percent of the total, China ranked as the largest hen egg producing country; the other main producers <em>(the United States of America, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Mexico, Japan and the Russian Federation) </em>combined did not surpass it. India&#39;s share in total hen eggs production was 7 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of hen eggs in India was 2,035.0 thousand tonnes in 2000, 2,568.0 thousand tonnes in 2005, 3,378.1 thousand tonnes in 2010, 4,316.6 thousand tonnes in 2015, 4,561.0 thousand tonnes in 2016, 4,847.5 thousand tonnes in 2017, 5,236.9 thousand tonnes in 2018, 6,291.1 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 6,292.0 thousand tonnes in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Capture production in India was 3,666.4 thousand tonnes in 2000, 4,689.3 thousand tonnes in 2010, 4,843.4 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 5,504.7 thousand tonnes in 2020. Aquaculture production in the country was 1,942.5 thousand tonnes in 2000, 3,785.8 thousand tonnes in 2010, 5,341.0 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 8,636.0 thousand tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; India&#39;s food net trade grew from US$ 2,750 million in 2000 to US$ 4,647 million in 2010, and further to US$ 13,450 million in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; India&#39;s cereals exports was 2,390.6 thousand tonnes in 2000, 5,375.9 thousand tonnes in 2005, 4,839.5 thousand tonnes in 2010, 12,792.4 thousand tonnes in 2015, 10,717.8 thousand tonnes in 2016, 12,956.2 thousand tonnes in 2017, 12,977.7 thousand tonnes in 2018, 10,451.2 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 17,296.8 thousand tonnes in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The largest producers of wood for energy purposes <em>(notably cooking)</em> are all in the lower- and middle-income groups and have large populations with a high reliance on wood for energy: in 2020, India ranked first with 301 million m3 <em>(16 percent of total production)</em>, followed by China with 157 million m3 and Brazil with 123 million m3 <em>(respectively 8 percent and 6 percent of global production)</em>.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Inorganic agriculture</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The main users of inorganic fertilizers are, in descending order, China, India, Brazil and the United States of America, with China the largest user of each nutrient.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In India, the use of nitrogen per cropland area increased from 64.2 kg per hectare to 121.0 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of phosphorus <em>(as P2O5)</em> per cropland area grew from 24.8 kg per hectare to 53.2 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of potassium <em>(as K2O) </em>per cropland area rose from 9.2 kg per hectare to 18.7 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of inorganic fertilizer per cropland area grew from 98.2 kg per hectare to 192.9 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In India, nitrogen use as inorganic fertilizers increased from 10,920.2 thousand tonnes to 20,404.0 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. Phosphorus use <em>(as P2O5) </em>as inorganic fertilizers grew from 4,214.6 thousand tonnes to 8,977.9 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. Potassium use <em>(as K2O) </em>as inorganic fertilizers went up from 1,567.5 thousand tonnes to 3,153.7 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. The use of inorganic fertilizers increased from 16,702.3 thousand tonnes to 32,535.6 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Pesticides use in India was 44,958 tonnes in 2000, 35,342 tonnes in 2005, 40,094 tonnes in 2010, 56,720 tonnes in 2015, 58,634 tonnes in 2016, 63,406 tonnes in 2017, 59,670 tonnes in 2018, 61,702 tonnes in 2019, and 61,702 tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Pesticides use per cropland area in India was 0.26 kg per hectare in 2000, 0.21 kg per hectare in 2005, 0.24 kg per hectare in 2010, 0.33 kg per hectare in 2015, 0.35 kg per hectare in 2016, 0.38 kg per hectare in 2017, 0.35 kg per hectare in 2018, 0.37 kg per hectare in 2019, and 0.37 kg per hectare in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Organic agriculture</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The area under organic agriculture was 185.9 thousand hectare in 2005, 780.0 thousand hectare in 2010, 1,180.0 thousand hectare in 2015, 1,490.0 thousand hectare in 2016, 1,780.0 thousand hectare in 2017, 1,938.2 thousand hectare in 2018, 2,299.2 thousand hectare in 2019, and 2,657.9 thousand hectare in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of area under organic agriculture in total agricultural area was 0.1 percent in 2005, 0.4 percent in 2010, 0.7 percent in 2015, 0.8 percent in 2016, 1.0 percent in 2017, 1.1 percent in 2018, 1.3 percent in 2019, and 1.5 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In 2020, nearly 48 percent of the global area under organic agriculture was found in Australia, whereas for India the corresponding figure was 4 percent.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Water stress, defined as the share of freshwater withdrawal in available freshwater resources, after taking into account environmental water requirements, in India was 62.7 percent in 2000, 64.6 percent in 2005, 66.5 percent in 2010, 66.5 percent in 2014, 66.5 percent in 2015, 66.5 percent in 2016, 66.5 percent in 2017, 66.5 percent in 2018, and 66.5 percent in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The size of forest land in India was 67,591.0 thousand ha in 2000, 69,496 thousand ha in 2010, and 72,160 thousand ha in 2020. The size of agricultural land in the country was 1,80,975.0 thousand ha in 2000, 1,79,573.0 thousand ha in 2010, and 1,79,045.1 thousand ha in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of forest area in total land area was 22.7 percent in 2000, 23.1 percent in 2005, 23.4 percent in 2010, 23.8 percent in 2015, 23.9 percent in 2016, 24.0 percent in 2017, 24.1 percent in 2018, 24.2 percent in 2019, and 24.3 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Food and nutrition security</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The number of undernourished people was 198.3 million in 2000-2002, 247.8 million in 2004-2006, 195.9 million in 2009-2011, 190.5 million in 2014-2016, 184.1 million in 2015-2017, 176.3 million in 2016-2018, 180.2 million in 2017-2019, 200.0 million in 2018-2020, and 224.3 million in 2019-2021.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The average dietary energy supply for Indians was 2,298 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2000&ndash;2002, 2,246 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2004-2006, 2,393 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2009-2011, 2,491 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2014-2016, 2,514 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2015-2017, 2,552 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2016-2018, 2,572 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2017-2019, 2,584 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2018-2020, and 2,594 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2019-2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The average protein supply in India was 55.3 gm per capita per day in 2000-2002, 54.0 gm per capita per day in 2004-2006, 58.0 gm per capita per day in 2009-2011, and 64.3 gm per capita per day in 2017-19. The average protein supply of animal origin in the country was 9.0 gm per capita per day in 2000-2002, 9.7 gm per capita per day in 2004-2006, 11.0 gm per capita per day in 2009-2011, and 15.0 gm per capita per day in 2017-19.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The prevalence of stunting in children under 5 years was 49.8 percent in 2000, 48.2 percent in 2005, 44.5 percent in 2010, 37.5 percent in 2015, 36.2 percent in 2016, 34.8 percent in 2017, 33.5 percent in 2018, 32.1 percent in 2019, and 30.9 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The prevalence of obesity in the Indian adult population was 1.6 percent in 2000, 2.1 percent in 2005, 2.8 percent in 2010, 3.0 percent in 2011, 3.1 percent in 2012, 3.3 percent in 2013, 3.5 percent in 2014, 3.7 percent in 2015, and 3.9 percent in 2016.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>References:</strong></em>&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">World Food and Agriculture &ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022, published by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), released in December 2022, please <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">click here</a> and <a href="https://www.fao.org/3/cc2211en/online/cc2211en.html#tab1" title="https://www.fao.org/3/cc2211en/online/cc2211en.html#tab1">here</a> to access<br />&nbsp;<br /><strong>Image Courtesy:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">World Food and Agriculture</a> <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">&ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022</a></p>                                                           
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">India's farm sector performance has improved over the years, shows latest FAO report  </h1>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">The <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">World Food and Agriculture</a> <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">&ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022</a>, released in December 2022, provides its readers a plethora of useful statistics and data across the countries pertaining to agriculture and food security. The yearbook by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) primarily covers four themes -- Economic Dimensions of Agriculture; Production, Trade and Prices of Commodities; Food Security and Nutrition; and Sustainability and Environmental Aspects of Agriculture.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">While going through the report, one finds that on a number of counts, India is closely competing against China and the United States. For example, the countries with the largest agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in terms of value added in 2020 are China, India and the United States of America. In 2020, the largest share of global cropland was found in India <em>(11 percent)</em>, followed by the United States of America <em>(10 percent),</em> and China <em>(9 percent)</em>.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">For the benefit of our readers, we are providing below some of the key India-specific data points from the <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">World Food and Agriculture</a> <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">&ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022</a>:&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Role&nbsp;of farm sector</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; For India, the value added of agriculture, forestry and fishing <em>(in US$ million, 2015 prices) </em>was US$ 2,28,142.8 million in 2000, US$ 2,59,599.1 million in 2005, US$ 3,03,288.4 million in 2010, US$ 3,47,227.7 million in 2015, US$ 3,70,830.7 million in 2016, US$ 3,95,327.4 million in 2017, US$ 4,05,451.6 million in 2018, US$ 4,22,945.9 million in 2019, and US$ 4,40,649.4 million in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of Central Government expenditure on agriculture, forestry and fishing in total outlays was 5.0 percent in 2001, 5.0 percent in 2005, 7.5 percent in 2010, 8.9 percent in 2015, 5.3 percent in 2016, 5.1 percent in 2017, and 4.8 percent in 2018.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; For India, the share of agriculture, forestry and fishing value added in total GDP <em>(US$ prices) </em>was 27.9 percent in 2000, 23.2 percent in 2005, 19.3 percent in 2010, 16.2 percent in 2015, 16.0 percent in 2016, 15.9 percent in 2017, 15.3 percent in 2018, 15.4 percent in 2019, and 17.3 percent in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In the case of India, agricultural land under permanent meadows and pastures was 10,845.0 thousand hectares in 2000, 10,339.0 thousand hectares in 2010, 10,262.0 thousand hectares in 2015, and 10,376.0 thousand hectares in 2020. Agricultural land under cropland in our country was 1,70,130.0 thousand hectares in 2000, 1,69,234.0 thousand hectares in 2010, 1,69,413.0 thousand hectares in 2015, and 1,68,669.1 thousand hectares in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Cropland area per capita in India was 0.16 ha in 2000, 0.15 ha in 2005, 0.14 ha in 2010, 0.13 ha in 2015, 0.13 ha in 2016, 0.13 ha in 2017, 0.12 ha in 2018, 0.12 ha in 2019, and 0.12 ha in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Area equipped for irrigation in India was in 60,432 thousand hectare in 2000, 64,646 thousand hectare in 2005, 67,700 thousand hectare in 2010, 70,074 thousand hectare in 2015, 70,237 thousand hectare in 2016, 70,400 thousand hectare in 2017, 70,400 thousand hectare in 2018, 72,504 thousand hectare in 2019, and 72,504 thousand hectare in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of area equipped for irrigation in agricultural land in India was 33.4 percent in 2000, 35.9 percent in 2005, 37.7 percent in 2010, 39.0 percent in 2015, 39.1 percent in 2016, 39.3 percent in 2017, 39.3 percent in 2018, 40.5 percent in 2019, and 40.5 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; For India, the share of water withdrawal by agriculture in total withdrawal was 91.5 percent in 2000, 90.9 percent in 2005, 90.4 percent in 2010, 90.4 percent in 2014, 90.4 percent in 2015, 90.4 percent in 2016, 90.4 percent in 2017, 90.4 percent in 2018 and 90.4 percent in 2019.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; China <em>(75 million hectare) </em>and India <em>(73 million ha)</em> have the largest equipped area for irrigation, that exceeds that of the United States of America <em>(27 million ha)</em>. China and India also have made the largest net increase in equipped area between 2000 and 2020 <em>(+21 million hectare for China and +12 million ha for India)</em>.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Farm employment</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; With around 190 million people working in each of India and China in agriculture, together these two countries accounted for two-thirds of agricultural employment in Asia and 44 percent of global agricultural employment in 2021 &ndash; even though 27 million people left the agriculture sector between 2000 and 2021 in India and 173 million in China.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Employment provided by agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in India was 2,22,209 thousand in 2000, 2,35,813 thousand in 2005, 2,22,439 thousand in 2010, 1,99,364 thousand in 2015, 1,96,146 thousand in 2017, 1,94,195 thousand in 2018, 1,89,249 thousand in 2019, 1,86,596 thousand in 2020, and 1,94,797 thousand in 2021.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in total employment was 59.6 percent in 2000, 56.0 percent in 2005, 51.5 percent in 2010, 45.2 percent in 2015, 43.9 percent in 2017, 43.3 percent in 2018, 41.4 percent in 2019, 44.3 percent in 2020, and 44.0 percent in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of Indian women in agriculture, forestry and fishing employment was 32.0 percent in 2000, 33.8 percent in 2005, 30.4 percent in 2010, 27.0 percent in 2015, 26.6 percent in 2017, 26.4 percent in 2018, 27.4 percent in 2019, 27.1 percent in 2020, and 27.5 percent in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Farm sector output</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of vegetable oils in the country was 5,483 thousand tonnes in 2000, 7,865 thousand tonnes in 2010, and 6,087 thousand tonnes in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In 2019, the largest sugarcane producing country was India, which increased its share in the world total from 15 percent in 2000 to 19 percent in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of raw sugar was 20,219 thousand tonnes in 2000, 14,170 thousand tonnes in 2005, 20,637 thousand tonnes in 2010, 26,605 thousand tonnes in 2014, 30,460 thousand tonnes in 2015, 27,385 thousand tonnes in 2016, 22,200 thousand tonnes in 2017, 34,309 thousand tonnes in 2018, and 34,300 thousand tonnes in 2019.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In 2019, the largest raw sugar producing country was India, which increased its share in the world total from 15 percent in 2000 to 19 percent in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of meat in India was 4,449 thousand tonnes in 2000, 6,089 thousand tonnes in 2010, 7,130 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 7,475 thousand tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Milk production in Asia went up 120 percent between 2000 and 2020, from 170 million tonnes to 374 million tonnes mostly due to the increase in India <em>(104 million tonnes)</em>, which was the largest producer with a 21 percent share of the global total in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of milk in India was 79,868.0 thousand tonnes in 2000, 95,837.9 thousand tonnes in 2005, 1,22,067.7 thousand tonnes in 2010, 1,55,699.8 thousand tonnes in 2015, 1,65,340.4 thousand tonnes in 2016, 1,76,284.8 thousand tonnes in 2017, 1,87,976.7 thousand tonnes in 2018, 1,87,630.9 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 1,83,955.5 thousand tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; With 35 percent of the total, China ranked as the largest hen egg producing country; the other main producers <em>(the United States of America, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Mexico, Japan and the Russian Federation) </em>combined did not surpass it. India&#39;s share in total hen eggs production was 7 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of hen eggs in India was 2,035.0 thousand tonnes in 2000, 2,568.0 thousand tonnes in 2005, 3,378.1 thousand tonnes in 2010, 4,316.6 thousand tonnes in 2015, 4,561.0 thousand tonnes in 2016, 4,847.5 thousand tonnes in 2017, 5,236.9 thousand tonnes in 2018, 6,291.1 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 6,292.0 thousand tonnes in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Capture production in India was 3,666.4 thousand tonnes in 2000, 4,689.3 thousand tonnes in 2010, 4,843.4 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 5,504.7 thousand tonnes in 2020. Aquaculture production in the country was 1,942.5 thousand tonnes in 2000, 3,785.8 thousand tonnes in 2010, 5,341.0 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 8,636.0 thousand tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; India&#39;s food net trade grew from US$ 2,750 million in 2000 to US$ 4,647 million in 2010, and further to US$ 13,450 million in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; India&#39;s cereals exports was 2,390.6 thousand tonnes in 2000, 5,375.9 thousand tonnes in 2005, 4,839.5 thousand tonnes in 2010, 12,792.4 thousand tonnes in 2015, 10,717.8 thousand tonnes in 2016, 12,956.2 thousand tonnes in 2017, 12,977.7 thousand tonnes in 2018, 10,451.2 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 17,296.8 thousand tonnes in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The largest producers of wood for energy purposes <em>(notably cooking)</em> are all in the lower- and middle-income groups and have large populations with a high reliance on wood for energy: in 2020, India ranked first with 301 million m3 <em>(16 percent of total production)</em>, followed by China with 157 million m3 and Brazil with 123 million m3 <em>(respectively 8 percent and 6 percent of global production)</em>.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Inorganic agriculture</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The main users of inorganic fertilizers are, in descending order, China, India, Brazil and the United States of America, with China the largest user of each nutrient.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In India, the use of nitrogen per cropland area increased from 64.2 kg per hectare to 121.0 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of phosphorus <em>(as P2O5)</em> per cropland area grew from 24.8 kg per hectare to 53.2 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of potassium <em>(as K2O) </em>per cropland area rose from 9.2 kg per hectare to 18.7 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of inorganic fertilizer per cropland area grew from 98.2 kg per hectare to 192.9 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In India, nitrogen use as inorganic fertilizers increased from 10,920.2 thousand tonnes to 20,404.0 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. Phosphorus use <em>(as P2O5) </em>as inorganic fertilizers grew from 4,214.6 thousand tonnes to 8,977.9 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. Potassium use <em>(as K2O) </em>as inorganic fertilizers went up from 1,567.5 thousand tonnes to 3,153.7 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. The use of inorganic fertilizers increased from 16,702.3 thousand tonnes to 32,535.6 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Pesticides use in India was 44,958 tonnes in 2000, 35,342 tonnes in 2005, 40,094 tonnes in 2010, 56,720 tonnes in 2015, 58,634 tonnes in 2016, 63,406 tonnes in 2017, 59,670 tonnes in 2018, 61,702 tonnes in 2019, and 61,702 tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Pesticides use per cropland area in India was 0.26 kg per hectare in 2000, 0.21 kg per hectare in 2005, 0.24 kg per hectare in 2010, 0.33 kg per hectare in 2015, 0.35 kg per hectare in 2016, 0.38 kg per hectare in 2017, 0.35 kg per hectare in 2018, 0.37 kg per hectare in 2019, and 0.37 kg per hectare in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Organic agriculture</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The area under organic agriculture was 185.9 thousand hectare in 2005, 780.0 thousand hectare in 2010, 1,180.0 thousand hectare in 2015, 1,490.0 thousand hectare in 2016, 1,780.0 thousand hectare in 2017, 1,938.2 thousand hectare in 2018, 2,299.2 thousand hectare in 2019, and 2,657.9 thousand hectare in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of area under organic agriculture in total agricultural area was 0.1 percent in 2005, 0.4 percent in 2010, 0.7 percent in 2015, 0.8 percent in 2016, 1.0 percent in 2017, 1.1 percent in 2018, 1.3 percent in 2019, and 1.5 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In 2020, nearly 48 percent of the global area under organic agriculture was found in Australia, whereas for India the corresponding figure was 4 percent.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Water stress, defined as the share of freshwater withdrawal in available freshwater resources, after taking into account environmental water requirements, in India was 62.7 percent in 2000, 64.6 percent in 2005, 66.5 percent in 2010, 66.5 percent in 2014, 66.5 percent in 2015, 66.5 percent in 2016, 66.5 percent in 2017, 66.5 percent in 2018, and 66.5 percent in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The size of forest land in India was 67,591.0 thousand ha in 2000, 69,496 thousand ha in 2010, and 72,160 thousand ha in 2020. The size of agricultural land in the country was 1,80,975.0 thousand ha in 2000, 1,79,573.0 thousand ha in 2010, and 1,79,045.1 thousand ha in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of forest area in total land area was 22.7 percent in 2000, 23.1 percent in 2005, 23.4 percent in 2010, 23.8 percent in 2015, 23.9 percent in 2016, 24.0 percent in 2017, 24.1 percent in 2018, 24.2 percent in 2019, and 24.3 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Food and nutrition security</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The number of undernourished people was 198.3 million in 2000-2002, 247.8 million in 2004-2006, 195.9 million in 2009-2011, 190.5 million in 2014-2016, 184.1 million in 2015-2017, 176.3 million in 2016-2018, 180.2 million in 2017-2019, 200.0 million in 2018-2020, and 224.3 million in 2019-2021.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The average dietary energy supply for Indians was 2,298 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2000&ndash;2002, 2,246 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2004-2006, 2,393 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2009-2011, 2,491 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2014-2016, 2,514 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2015-2017, 2,552 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2016-2018, 2,572 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2017-2019, 2,584 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2018-2020, and 2,594 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2019-2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The average protein supply in India was 55.3 gm per capita per day in 2000-2002, 54.0 gm per capita per day in 2004-2006, 58.0 gm per capita per day in 2009-2011, and 64.3 gm per capita per day in 2017-19. The average protein supply of animal origin in the country was 9.0 gm per capita per day in 2000-2002, 9.7 gm per capita per day in 2004-2006, 11.0 gm per capita per day in 2009-2011, and 15.0 gm per capita per day in 2017-19.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The prevalence of stunting in children under 5 years was 49.8 percent in 2000, 48.2 percent in 2005, 44.5 percent in 2010, 37.5 percent in 2015, 36.2 percent in 2016, 34.8 percent in 2017, 33.5 percent in 2018, 32.1 percent in 2019, and 30.9 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The prevalence of obesity in the Indian adult population was 1.6 percent in 2000, 2.1 percent in 2005, 2.8 percent in 2010, 3.0 percent in 2011, 3.1 percent in 2012, 3.3 percent in 2013, 3.5 percent in 2014, 3.7 percent in 2015, and 3.9 percent in 2016.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>References:</strong></em>&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">World Food and Agriculture &ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022, published by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), released in December 2022, please <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">click here</a> and <a href="https://www.fao.org/3/cc2211en/online/cc2211en.html#tab1" title="https://www.fao.org/3/cc2211en/online/cc2211en.html#tab1">here</a> to access<br />&nbsp;<br /><strong>Image Courtesy:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">World Food and Agriculture</a> <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">&ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022</a></p>                                                           
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        NEWS ALERTS | India's farm sector performance has improved over the years, shows latest FAO report      </title>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">The <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">World Food and Agriculture</a> <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">&ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022</a>, released in December 2022, provides its readers a plethora of useful statistics and data across the countries pertaining to agriculture and food security. The yearbook by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) primarily covers four themes -- Economic Dimensions of Agriculture; Production, Trade and Prices of Commodities; Food Security and Nutrition; and Sustainability and Environmental Aspects of Agriculture.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">While going through the report, one finds that on a number of counts, India is closely competing against China and the United States. For example, the countries with the largest agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in terms of value added in 2020 are China, India and the United States of America. In 2020, the largest share of global cropland was found in India <em>(11 percent)</em>, followed by the United States of America <em>(10 percent),</em> and China <em>(9 percent)</em>.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">For the benefit of our readers, we are providing below some of the key India-specific data points from the <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">World Food and Agriculture</a> <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">&ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022</a>:&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Role&nbsp;of farm sector</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; For India, the value added of agriculture, forestry and fishing <em>(in US$ million, 2015 prices) </em>was US$ 2,28,142.8 million in 2000, US$ 2,59,599.1 million in 2005, US$ 3,03,288.4 million in 2010, US$ 3,47,227.7 million in 2015, US$ 3,70,830.7 million in 2016, US$ 3,95,327.4 million in 2017, US$ 4,05,451.6 million in 2018, US$ 4,22,945.9 million in 2019, and US$ 4,40,649.4 million in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of Central Government expenditure on agriculture, forestry and fishing in total outlays was 5.0 percent in 2001, 5.0 percent in 2005, 7.5 percent in 2010, 8.9 percent in 2015, 5.3 percent in 2016, 5.1 percent in 2017, and 4.8 percent in 2018.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; For India, the share of agriculture, forestry and fishing value added in total GDP <em>(US$ prices) </em>was 27.9 percent in 2000, 23.2 percent in 2005, 19.3 percent in 2010, 16.2 percent in 2015, 16.0 percent in 2016, 15.9 percent in 2017, 15.3 percent in 2018, 15.4 percent in 2019, and 17.3 percent in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In the case of India, agricultural land under permanent meadows and pastures was 10,845.0 thousand hectares in 2000, 10,339.0 thousand hectares in 2010, 10,262.0 thousand hectares in 2015, and 10,376.0 thousand hectares in 2020. Agricultural land under cropland in our country was 1,70,130.0 thousand hectares in 2000, 1,69,234.0 thousand hectares in 2010, 1,69,413.0 thousand hectares in 2015, and 1,68,669.1 thousand hectares in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Cropland area per capita in India was 0.16 ha in 2000, 0.15 ha in 2005, 0.14 ha in 2010, 0.13 ha in 2015, 0.13 ha in 2016, 0.13 ha in 2017, 0.12 ha in 2018, 0.12 ha in 2019, and 0.12 ha in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Area equipped for irrigation in India was in 60,432 thousand hectare in 2000, 64,646 thousand hectare in 2005, 67,700 thousand hectare in 2010, 70,074 thousand hectare in 2015, 70,237 thousand hectare in 2016, 70,400 thousand hectare in 2017, 70,400 thousand hectare in 2018, 72,504 thousand hectare in 2019, and 72,504 thousand hectare in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of area equipped for irrigation in agricultural land in India was 33.4 percent in 2000, 35.9 percent in 2005, 37.7 percent in 2010, 39.0 percent in 2015, 39.1 percent in 2016, 39.3 percent in 2017, 39.3 percent in 2018, 40.5 percent in 2019, and 40.5 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; For India, the share of water withdrawal by agriculture in total withdrawal was 91.5 percent in 2000, 90.9 percent in 2005, 90.4 percent in 2010, 90.4 percent in 2014, 90.4 percent in 2015, 90.4 percent in 2016, 90.4 percent in 2017, 90.4 percent in 2018 and 90.4 percent in 2019.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; China <em>(75 million hectare) </em>and India <em>(73 million ha)</em> have the largest equipped area for irrigation, that exceeds that of the United States of America <em>(27 million ha)</em>. China and India also have made the largest net increase in equipped area between 2000 and 2020 <em>(+21 million hectare for China and +12 million ha for India)</em>.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Farm employment</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; With around 190 million people working in each of India and China in agriculture, together these two countries accounted for two-thirds of agricultural employment in Asia and 44 percent of global agricultural employment in 2021 &ndash; even though 27 million people left the agriculture sector between 2000 and 2021 in India and 173 million in China.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Employment provided by agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in India was 2,22,209 thousand in 2000, 2,35,813 thousand in 2005, 2,22,439 thousand in 2010, 1,99,364 thousand in 2015, 1,96,146 thousand in 2017, 1,94,195 thousand in 2018, 1,89,249 thousand in 2019, 1,86,596 thousand in 2020, and 1,94,797 thousand in 2021.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in total employment was 59.6 percent in 2000, 56.0 percent in 2005, 51.5 percent in 2010, 45.2 percent in 2015, 43.9 percent in 2017, 43.3 percent in 2018, 41.4 percent in 2019, 44.3 percent in 2020, and 44.0 percent in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of Indian women in agriculture, forestry and fishing employment was 32.0 percent in 2000, 33.8 percent in 2005, 30.4 percent in 2010, 27.0 percent in 2015, 26.6 percent in 2017, 26.4 percent in 2018, 27.4 percent in 2019, 27.1 percent in 2020, and 27.5 percent in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Farm sector output</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of vegetable oils in the country was 5,483 thousand tonnes in 2000, 7,865 thousand tonnes in 2010, and 6,087 thousand tonnes in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In 2019, the largest sugarcane producing country was India, which increased its share in the world total from 15 percent in 2000 to 19 percent in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of raw sugar was 20,219 thousand tonnes in 2000, 14,170 thousand tonnes in 2005, 20,637 thousand tonnes in 2010, 26,605 thousand tonnes in 2014, 30,460 thousand tonnes in 2015, 27,385 thousand tonnes in 2016, 22,200 thousand tonnes in 2017, 34,309 thousand tonnes in 2018, and 34,300 thousand tonnes in 2019.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In 2019, the largest raw sugar producing country was India, which increased its share in the world total from 15 percent in 2000 to 19 percent in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of meat in India was 4,449 thousand tonnes in 2000, 6,089 thousand tonnes in 2010, 7,130 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 7,475 thousand tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Milk production in Asia went up 120 percent between 2000 and 2020, from 170 million tonnes to 374 million tonnes mostly due to the increase in India <em>(104 million tonnes)</em>, which was the largest producer with a 21 percent share of the global total in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of milk in India was 79,868.0 thousand tonnes in 2000, 95,837.9 thousand tonnes in 2005, 1,22,067.7 thousand tonnes in 2010, 1,55,699.8 thousand tonnes in 2015, 1,65,340.4 thousand tonnes in 2016, 1,76,284.8 thousand tonnes in 2017, 1,87,976.7 thousand tonnes in 2018, 1,87,630.9 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 1,83,955.5 thousand tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; With 35 percent of the total, China ranked as the largest hen egg producing country; the other main producers <em>(the United States of America, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Mexico, Japan and the Russian Federation) </em>combined did not surpass it. India&#39;s share in total hen eggs production was 7 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The total production of hen eggs in India was 2,035.0 thousand tonnes in 2000, 2,568.0 thousand tonnes in 2005, 3,378.1 thousand tonnes in 2010, 4,316.6 thousand tonnes in 2015, 4,561.0 thousand tonnes in 2016, 4,847.5 thousand tonnes in 2017, 5,236.9 thousand tonnes in 2018, 6,291.1 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 6,292.0 thousand tonnes in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Capture production in India was 3,666.4 thousand tonnes in 2000, 4,689.3 thousand tonnes in 2010, 4,843.4 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 5,504.7 thousand tonnes in 2020. Aquaculture production in the country was 1,942.5 thousand tonnes in 2000, 3,785.8 thousand tonnes in 2010, 5,341.0 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 8,636.0 thousand tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; India&#39;s food net trade grew from US$ 2,750 million in 2000 to US$ 4,647 million in 2010, and further to US$ 13,450 million in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; India&#39;s cereals exports was 2,390.6 thousand tonnes in 2000, 5,375.9 thousand tonnes in 2005, 4,839.5 thousand tonnes in 2010, 12,792.4 thousand tonnes in 2015, 10,717.8 thousand tonnes in 2016, 12,956.2 thousand tonnes in 2017, 12,977.7 thousand tonnes in 2018, 10,451.2 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 17,296.8 thousand tonnes in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The largest producers of wood for energy purposes <em>(notably cooking)</em> are all in the lower- and middle-income groups and have large populations with a high reliance on wood for energy: in 2020, India ranked first with 301 million m3 <em>(16 percent of total production)</em>, followed by China with 157 million m3 and Brazil with 123 million m3 <em>(respectively 8 percent and 6 percent of global production)</em>.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Inorganic agriculture</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The main users of inorganic fertilizers are, in descending order, China, India, Brazil and the United States of America, with China the largest user of each nutrient.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In India, the use of nitrogen per cropland area increased from 64.2 kg per hectare to 121.0 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of phosphorus <em>(as P2O5)</em> per cropland area grew from 24.8 kg per hectare to 53.2 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of potassium <em>(as K2O) </em>per cropland area rose from 9.2 kg per hectare to 18.7 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of inorganic fertilizer per cropland area grew from 98.2 kg per hectare to 192.9 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In India, nitrogen use as inorganic fertilizers increased from 10,920.2 thousand tonnes to 20,404.0 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. Phosphorus use <em>(as P2O5) </em>as inorganic fertilizers grew from 4,214.6 thousand tonnes to 8,977.9 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. Potassium use <em>(as K2O) </em>as inorganic fertilizers went up from 1,567.5 thousand tonnes to 3,153.7 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. The use of inorganic fertilizers increased from 16,702.3 thousand tonnes to 32,535.6 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Pesticides use in India was 44,958 tonnes in 2000, 35,342 tonnes in 2005, 40,094 tonnes in 2010, 56,720 tonnes in 2015, 58,634 tonnes in 2016, 63,406 tonnes in 2017, 59,670 tonnes in 2018, 61,702 tonnes in 2019, and 61,702 tonnes in 2020.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Pesticides use per cropland area in India was 0.26 kg per hectare in 2000, 0.21 kg per hectare in 2005, 0.24 kg per hectare in 2010, 0.33 kg per hectare in 2015, 0.35 kg per hectare in 2016, 0.38 kg per hectare in 2017, 0.35 kg per hectare in 2018, 0.37 kg per hectare in 2019, and 0.37 kg per hectare in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Organic agriculture</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The area under organic agriculture was 185.9 thousand hectare in 2005, 780.0 thousand hectare in 2010, 1,180.0 thousand hectare in 2015, 1,490.0 thousand hectare in 2016, 1,780.0 thousand hectare in 2017, 1,938.2 thousand hectare in 2018, 2,299.2 thousand hectare in 2019, and 2,657.9 thousand hectare in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of area under organic agriculture in total agricultural area was 0.1 percent in 2005, 0.4 percent in 2010, 0.7 percent in 2015, 0.8 percent in 2016, 1.0 percent in 2017, 1.1 percent in 2018, 1.3 percent in 2019, and 1.5 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; In 2020, nearly 48 percent of the global area under organic agriculture was found in Australia, whereas for India the corresponding figure was 4 percent.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Water stress, defined as the share of freshwater withdrawal in available freshwater resources, after taking into account environmental water requirements, in India was 62.7 percent in 2000, 64.6 percent in 2005, 66.5 percent in 2010, 66.5 percent in 2014, 66.5 percent in 2015, 66.5 percent in 2016, 66.5 percent in 2017, 66.5 percent in 2018, and 66.5 percent in 2019.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The size of forest land in India was 67,591.0 thousand ha in 2000, 69,496 thousand ha in 2010, and 72,160 thousand ha in 2020. The size of agricultural land in the country was 1,80,975.0 thousand ha in 2000, 1,79,573.0 thousand ha in 2010, and 1,79,045.1 thousand ha in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The share of forest area in total land area was 22.7 percent in 2000, 23.1 percent in 2005, 23.4 percent in 2010, 23.8 percent in 2015, 23.9 percent in 2016, 24.0 percent in 2017, 24.1 percent in 2018, 24.2 percent in 2019, and 24.3 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Food and nutrition security</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The number of undernourished people was 198.3 million in 2000-2002, 247.8 million in 2004-2006, 195.9 million in 2009-2011, 190.5 million in 2014-2016, 184.1 million in 2015-2017, 176.3 million in 2016-2018, 180.2 million in 2017-2019, 200.0 million in 2018-2020, and 224.3 million in 2019-2021.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The average dietary energy supply for Indians was 2,298 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2000&ndash;2002, 2,246 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2004-2006, 2,393 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2009-2011, 2,491 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2014-2016, 2,514 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2015-2017, 2,552 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2016-2018, 2,572 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2017-2019, 2,584 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2018-2020, and 2,594 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2019-2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The average protein supply in India was 55.3 gm per capita per day in 2000-2002, 54.0 gm per capita per day in 2004-2006, 58.0 gm per capita per day in 2009-2011, and 64.3 gm per capita per day in 2017-19. The average protein supply of animal origin in the country was 9.0 gm per capita per day in 2000-2002, 9.7 gm per capita per day in 2004-2006, 11.0 gm per capita per day in 2009-2011, and 15.0 gm per capita per day in 2017-19.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The prevalence of stunting in children under 5 years was 49.8 percent in 2000, 48.2 percent in 2005, 44.5 percent in 2010, 37.5 percent in 2015, 36.2 percent in 2016, 34.8 percent in 2017, 33.5 percent in 2018, 32.1 percent in 2019, and 30.9 percent in 2020.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; The prevalence of obesity in the Indian adult population was 1.6 percent in 2000, 2.1 percent in 2005, 2.8 percent in 2010, 3.0 percent in 2011, 3.1 percent in 2012, 3.3 percent in 2013, 3.5 percent in 2014, 3.7 percent in 2015, and 3.9 percent in 2016.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>References:</strong></em>&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">World Food and Agriculture &ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022, published by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), released in December 2022, please <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">click here</a> and <a href="https://www.fao.org/3/cc2211en/online/cc2211en.html#tab1" title="https://www.fao.org/3/cc2211en/online/cc2211en.html#tab1">here</a> to access<br />&nbsp;<br /><strong>Image Courtesy:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">World Food and Agriculture</a> <a href="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf" title="/upload/files/World%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Statistical%20Yearbook%202022%281%29.pdf">&ndash; Statistical Yearbook 2022</a></p>                                                           
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India's farm sector performance has improved over the years, shows latest FAO report

Published on Jan 2, 2023

Modified on Jan 2, 2023

The World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2022, released in December 2022, provides its readers a plethora of useful statistics and data across the countries pertaining to agriculture and food security. The yearbook by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) primarily covers four themes -- Economic Dimensions of Agriculture; Production, Trade and Prices of Commodities; Food Security and Nutrition; and Sustainability and Environmental Aspects of Agriculture.

While going through the report, one finds that on a number of counts, India is closely competing against China and the United States. For example, the countries with the largest agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in terms of value added in 2020 are China, India and the United States of America. In 2020, the largest share of global cropland was found in India (11 percent), followed by the United States of America (10 percent), and China (9 percent).

For the benefit of our readers, we are providing below some of the key India-specific data points from the World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2022:

Role of farm sector

• For India, the value added of agriculture, forestry and fishing (in US$ million, 2015 prices) was US$ 2,28,142.8 million in 2000, US$ 2,59,599.1 million in 2005, US$ 3,03,288.4 million in 2010, US$ 3,47,227.7 million in 2015, US$ 3,70,830.7 million in 2016, US$ 3,95,327.4 million in 2017, US$ 4,05,451.6 million in 2018, US$ 4,22,945.9 million in 2019, and US$ 4,40,649.4 million in 2020.

• The share of Central Government expenditure on agriculture, forestry and fishing in total outlays was 5.0 percent in 2001, 5.0 percent in 2005, 7.5 percent in 2010, 8.9 percent in 2015, 5.3 percent in 2016, 5.1 percent in 2017, and 4.8 percent in 2018.

• For India, the share of agriculture, forestry and fishing value added in total GDP (US$ prices) was 27.9 percent in 2000, 23.2 percent in 2005, 19.3 percent in 2010, 16.2 percent in 2015, 16.0 percent in 2016, 15.9 percent in 2017, 15.3 percent in 2018, 15.4 percent in 2019, and 17.3 percent in 2020.

• In the case of India, agricultural land under permanent meadows and pastures was 10,845.0 thousand hectares in 2000, 10,339.0 thousand hectares in 2010, 10,262.0 thousand hectares in 2015, and 10,376.0 thousand hectares in 2020. Agricultural land under cropland in our country was 1,70,130.0 thousand hectares in 2000, 1,69,234.0 thousand hectares in 2010, 1,69,413.0 thousand hectares in 2015, and 1,68,669.1 thousand hectares in 2020.

• Cropland area per capita in India was 0.16 ha in 2000, 0.15 ha in 2005, 0.14 ha in 2010, 0.13 ha in 2015, 0.13 ha in 2016, 0.13 ha in 2017, 0.12 ha in 2018, 0.12 ha in 2019, and 0.12 ha in 2020.

• Area equipped for irrigation in India was in 60,432 thousand hectare in 2000, 64,646 thousand hectare in 2005, 67,700 thousand hectare in 2010, 70,074 thousand hectare in 2015, 70,237 thousand hectare in 2016, 70,400 thousand hectare in 2017, 70,400 thousand hectare in 2018, 72,504 thousand hectare in 2019, and 72,504 thousand hectare in 2020.

• The share of area equipped for irrigation in agricultural land in India was 33.4 percent in 2000, 35.9 percent in 2005, 37.7 percent in 2010, 39.0 percent in 2015, 39.1 percent in 2016, 39.3 percent in 2017, 39.3 percent in 2018, 40.5 percent in 2019, and 40.5 percent in 2020.

• For India, the share of water withdrawal by agriculture in total withdrawal was 91.5 percent in 2000, 90.9 percent in 2005, 90.4 percent in 2010, 90.4 percent in 2014, 90.4 percent in 2015, 90.4 percent in 2016, 90.4 percent in 2017, 90.4 percent in 2018 and 90.4 percent in 2019.

• China (75 million hectare) and India (73 million ha) have the largest equipped area for irrigation, that exceeds that of the United States of America (27 million ha). China and India also have made the largest net increase in equipped area between 2000 and 2020 (+21 million hectare for China and +12 million ha for India).

Farm employment

• With around 190 million people working in each of India and China in agriculture, together these two countries accounted for two-thirds of agricultural employment in Asia and 44 percent of global agricultural employment in 2021 – even though 27 million people left the agriculture sector between 2000 and 2021 in India and 173 million in China.

• Employment provided by agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in India was 2,22,209 thousand in 2000, 2,35,813 thousand in 2005, 2,22,439 thousand in 2010, 1,99,364 thousand in 2015, 1,96,146 thousand in 2017, 1,94,195 thousand in 2018, 1,89,249 thousand in 2019, 1,86,596 thousand in 2020, and 1,94,797 thousand in 2021.

• The share of agriculture, forestry and fishing sector in total employment was 59.6 percent in 2000, 56.0 percent in 2005, 51.5 percent in 2010, 45.2 percent in 2015, 43.9 percent in 2017, 43.3 percent in 2018, 41.4 percent in 2019, 44.3 percent in 2020, and 44.0 percent in 2021.

• The share of Indian women in agriculture, forestry and fishing employment was 32.0 percent in 2000, 33.8 percent in 2005, 30.4 percent in 2010, 27.0 percent in 2015, 26.6 percent in 2017, 26.4 percent in 2018, 27.4 percent in 2019, 27.1 percent in 2020, and 27.5 percent in 2021.

Farm sector output

• The total production of vegetable oils in the country was 5,483 thousand tonnes in 2000, 7,865 thousand tonnes in 2010, and 6,087 thousand tonnes in 2019.

• In 2019, the largest sugarcane producing country was India, which increased its share in the world total from 15 percent in 2000 to 19 percent in 2019.

• The total production of raw sugar was 20,219 thousand tonnes in 2000, 14,170 thousand tonnes in 2005, 20,637 thousand tonnes in 2010, 26,605 thousand tonnes in 2014, 30,460 thousand tonnes in 2015, 27,385 thousand tonnes in 2016, 22,200 thousand tonnes in 2017, 34,309 thousand tonnes in 2018, and 34,300 thousand tonnes in 2019.

• In 2019, the largest raw sugar producing country was India, which increased its share in the world total from 15 percent in 2000 to 19 percent in 2019.

• The total production of meat in India was 4,449 thousand tonnes in 2000, 6,089 thousand tonnes in 2010, 7,130 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 7,475 thousand tonnes in 2020.

• Milk production in Asia went up 120 percent between 2000 and 2020, from 170 million tonnes to 374 million tonnes mostly due to the increase in India (104 million tonnes), which was the largest producer with a 21 percent share of the global total in 2020.

• The total production of milk in India was 79,868.0 thousand tonnes in 2000, 95,837.9 thousand tonnes in 2005, 1,22,067.7 thousand tonnes in 2010, 1,55,699.8 thousand tonnes in 2015, 1,65,340.4 thousand tonnes in 2016, 1,76,284.8 thousand tonnes in 2017, 1,87,976.7 thousand tonnes in 2018, 1,87,630.9 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 1,83,955.5 thousand tonnes in 2020.

• With 35 percent of the total, China ranked as the largest hen egg producing country; the other main producers (the United States of America, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Mexico, Japan and the Russian Federation) combined did not surpass it. India's share in total hen eggs production was 7 percent in 2020.

• The total production of hen eggs in India was 2,035.0 thousand tonnes in 2000, 2,568.0 thousand tonnes in 2005, 3,378.1 thousand tonnes in 2010, 4,316.6 thousand tonnes in 2015, 4,561.0 thousand tonnes in 2016, 4,847.5 thousand tonnes in 2017, 5,236.9 thousand tonnes in 2018, 6,291.1 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 6,292.0 thousand tonnes in 2020.

• Capture production in India was 3,666.4 thousand tonnes in 2000, 4,689.3 thousand tonnes in 2010, 4,843.4 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 5,504.7 thousand tonnes in 2020. Aquaculture production in the country was 1,942.5 thousand tonnes in 2000, 3,785.8 thousand tonnes in 2010, 5,341.0 thousand tonnes in 2015, and 8,636.0 thousand tonnes in 2020.

• India's food net trade grew from US$ 2,750 million in 2000 to US$ 4,647 million in 2010, and further to US$ 13,450 million in 2020.

• India's cereals exports was 2,390.6 thousand tonnes in 2000, 5,375.9 thousand tonnes in 2005, 4,839.5 thousand tonnes in 2010, 12,792.4 thousand tonnes in 2015, 10,717.8 thousand tonnes in 2016, 12,956.2 thousand tonnes in 2017, 12,977.7 thousand tonnes in 2018, 10,451.2 thousand tonnes in 2019, and 17,296.8 thousand tonnes in 2020.

• The largest producers of wood for energy purposes (notably cooking) are all in the lower- and middle-income groups and have large populations with a high reliance on wood for energy: in 2020, India ranked first with 301 million m3 (16 percent of total production), followed by China with 157 million m3 and Brazil with 123 million m3 (respectively 8 percent and 6 percent of global production).

Inorganic agriculture

• The main users of inorganic fertilizers are, in descending order, China, India, Brazil and the United States of America, with China the largest user of each nutrient.

• In India, the use of nitrogen per cropland area increased from 64.2 kg per hectare to 121.0 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of phosphorus (as P2O5) per cropland area grew from 24.8 kg per hectare to 53.2 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of potassium (as K2O) per cropland area rose from 9.2 kg per hectare to 18.7 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020. The use of inorganic fertilizer per cropland area grew from 98.2 kg per hectare to 192.9 kg per hectare between 2000 and 2020.

• In India, nitrogen use as inorganic fertilizers increased from 10,920.2 thousand tonnes to 20,404.0 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. Phosphorus use (as P2O5) as inorganic fertilizers grew from 4,214.6 thousand tonnes to 8,977.9 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. Potassium use (as K2O) as inorganic fertilizers went up from 1,567.5 thousand tonnes to 3,153.7 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020. The use of inorganic fertilizers increased from 16,702.3 thousand tonnes to 32,535.6 thousand tonnes between 2000 and 2020.

• Pesticides use in India was 44,958 tonnes in 2000, 35,342 tonnes in 2005, 40,094 tonnes in 2010, 56,720 tonnes in 2015, 58,634 tonnes in 2016, 63,406 tonnes in 2017, 59,670 tonnes in 2018, 61,702 tonnes in 2019, and 61,702 tonnes in 2020.

• Pesticides use per cropland area in India was 0.26 kg per hectare in 2000, 0.21 kg per hectare in 2005, 0.24 kg per hectare in 2010, 0.33 kg per hectare in 2015, 0.35 kg per hectare in 2016, 0.38 kg per hectare in 2017, 0.35 kg per hectare in 2018, 0.37 kg per hectare in 2019, and 0.37 kg per hectare in 2020.

Organic agriculture

• The area under organic agriculture was 185.9 thousand hectare in 2005, 780.0 thousand hectare in 2010, 1,180.0 thousand hectare in 2015, 1,490.0 thousand hectare in 2016, 1,780.0 thousand hectare in 2017, 1,938.2 thousand hectare in 2018, 2,299.2 thousand hectare in 2019, and 2,657.9 thousand hectare in 2020.

• The share of area under organic agriculture in total agricultural area was 0.1 percent in 2005, 0.4 percent in 2010, 0.7 percent in 2015, 0.8 percent in 2016, 1.0 percent in 2017, 1.1 percent in 2018, 1.3 percent in 2019, and 1.5 percent in 2020.

• In 2020, nearly 48 percent of the global area under organic agriculture was found in Australia, whereas for India the corresponding figure was 4 percent.

• Water stress, defined as the share of freshwater withdrawal in available freshwater resources, after taking into account environmental water requirements, in India was 62.7 percent in 2000, 64.6 percent in 2005, 66.5 percent in 2010, 66.5 percent in 2014, 66.5 percent in 2015, 66.5 percent in 2016, 66.5 percent in 2017, 66.5 percent in 2018, and 66.5 percent in 2019.

• The size of forest land in India was 67,591.0 thousand ha in 2000, 69,496 thousand ha in 2010, and 72,160 thousand ha in 2020. The size of agricultural land in the country was 1,80,975.0 thousand ha in 2000, 1,79,573.0 thousand ha in 2010, and 1,79,045.1 thousand ha in 2020.

• The share of forest area in total land area was 22.7 percent in 2000, 23.1 percent in 2005, 23.4 percent in 2010, 23.8 percent in 2015, 23.9 percent in 2016, 24.0 percent in 2017, 24.1 percent in 2018, 24.2 percent in 2019, and 24.3 percent in 2020.

Food and nutrition security

• The number of undernourished people was 198.3 million in 2000-2002, 247.8 million in 2004-2006, 195.9 million in 2009-2011, 190.5 million in 2014-2016, 184.1 million in 2015-2017, 176.3 million in 2016-2018, 180.2 million in 2017-2019, 200.0 million in 2018-2020, and 224.3 million in 2019-2021.

• The average dietary energy supply for Indians was 2,298 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2000–2002, 2,246 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2004-2006, 2,393 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2009-2011, 2,491 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2014-2016, 2,514 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2015-2017, 2,552 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2016-2018, 2,572 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2017-2019, 2,584 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2018-2020, and 2,594 kilo calorie per capita per day in 2019-2021.

• The average protein supply in India was 55.3 gm per capita per day in 2000-2002, 54.0 gm per capita per day in 2004-2006, 58.0 gm per capita per day in 2009-2011, and 64.3 gm per capita per day in 2017-19. The average protein supply of animal origin in the country was 9.0 gm per capita per day in 2000-2002, 9.7 gm per capita per day in 2004-2006, 11.0 gm per capita per day in 2009-2011, and 15.0 gm per capita per day in 2017-19.

• The prevalence of stunting in children under 5 years was 49.8 percent in 2000, 48.2 percent in 2005, 44.5 percent in 2010, 37.5 percent in 2015, 36.2 percent in 2016, 34.8 percent in 2017, 33.5 percent in 2018, 32.1 percent in 2019, and 30.9 percent in 2020.

• The prevalence of obesity in the Indian adult population was 1.6 percent in 2000, 2.1 percent in 2005, 2.8 percent in 2010, 3.0 percent in 2011, 3.1 percent in 2012, 3.3 percent in 2013, 3.5 percent in 2014, 3.7 percent in 2015, and 3.9 percent in 2016.

References:

World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2022, published by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), released in December 2022, please click here and here to access

Image Courtesy: World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2022

Tagged with: Australia China FAO Fertilizers Food Security India Inorganic Agriculture Nutrition Security Organic Agriculture Pesticides Sustainable Farming United States

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