Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

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        NEWS ALERTS | Between 2015 &amp; 2016, suicide by farmers fell but suicide by agricultural labourers grew    </title>
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The total number of farm suicides in the country has reduced from 12,602 to 11,370 between 2015 and 2016 viz. a fall by 9.8 percent. This has been revealed recently in a reply by the Minister of State in the..."/>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><div style="text-align:justify">The total number of farm suicides in the country has reduced from 12,602 to 11,370 between 2015 and 2016 viz. a fall by 9.8 percent. This has been revealed recently in a reply by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Shri Parshottam Rupala in the Lok Sabha.<br /><br />So, one may wonder why there is such a hue and cry about rural distress and agrarian crisis in recent times.<br /><br />Clearly, the minister&#39;s <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf">reply on 20th March</a> to an unstarred question<em> (no. 4111)</em> shows that although the number of suicides by farmers fell from 8,007 to 6,351 between 2015 and 2016, the number of suicides committed by agricultural labourers increased by 9.2 percent from 4,595 to 5,019 during that span. Please check table-1 for further details.<br /><br /><strong>Table 1: Number of suicides by farmers and agricultural labourers (2013 to 2016)</strong><br /><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Table%201%20Suicides%20by%20Farmers%20and%20Agricultural%20Labourers_1.jpg" style="height:941px; width:943px" /></div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source: </strong>Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide">click here</a> to access</em></div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">In 2016, the most number of suicides by agricultural labourers were committed in Maharashtra (1,111), followed by Karnataka (867) and Madhya Pradesh (722). Likewise, the most number of suicides by farmers were found in Maharashtra (2,550), followed by Karnataka (1,212) and Telangana (632). In big states like West Bengal, the number of farm suicides since 2015 has been &#39;zero&#39;, which <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html">experts say</a> that it actually indicates data fudging. In the case of Bihar too, one notices that the total number of farm suicides was &#39;zero&#39; in 2016.</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br /><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Chart%201%20Proportion%20of%20suicides%20by%20agricultural%20labourers%20and%20farmers%20in%20total%20farm%20suicides.jpg" style="height:556px; width:821px" /><br /><br /><em><strong>Source: </strong>Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide">click here</a> to access</em><br /><br />The chart-1 indicates that the proportion of suicide by agricultural labourers in total farm suicides was 54.29 percent in 2014, 36.46 percent in 2015 and 44.14 percent in 2016. However, the proportion of suicide by farmers/ cultivators in total farm suicides was 45.71 percent in 2014, 63.54 percent in 2015 and 55.86 percent in 2016. &nbsp;<br /><br />Readers may note that the suicide data as quoted by the minister in Lok Sabha has been sourced from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). The suicide data for 2016 is provisional in nature and has not yet been made public through NCRB&rsquo;s annual publication entitled <em>Accidental Deaths and Suicides in India (ADSI)</em>.<br /><br />Although the reply by Shri Parshottam Rupala did not reveal the causes behind farm suicides in 2016, the <a href="https://im4change.org/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=2#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2015-released-in-2016" title="https://im4change.org/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=2#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2015-released-in-2016">ADSI 2015 report</a> says that &lsquo;Bankruptcy or Indebtedness&rsquo; and &lsquo;Farming related Issues&rsquo; were the major causes of suicides among farmers/ cultivators in 2015. It also says that &lsquo;Family Problems&rsquo;, followed by &lsquo;Illness&rsquo; were the two major causes of suicides among agricultural labourers.<br /><br />According to the <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf">ADSI 2015 report</a>, &lsquo;farmers/ cultivators&rsquo; include persons whose profession is farming and who either cultivates his/ her own land or who cultivate lease land with or without the assistance of agricultural labourers. On the other hand, the ADSI report defines &lsquo;agricultural labourers&rsquo; as those persons who primarily work in the farming sector (agriculture/ horticulture) and whose main source of income is from agricultural labour activities.</div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">It may be noted that due to the absence of a written rent/ lease agreement between a tenant farmer and a land owner, which is quite a common practice in the countryside, the former may not be counted as a farmer officially. So, suicide committed by such tenant farmer may not be recorded officially. Similarly, women farmers and tribal farmers, who often lack proper land titles, may not be enumerated as farmers officially. Hence, farm suicides by such persons may go unrecorded.</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br />Since 2014, the NCRB in consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture &amp; Farmers Welfare (MoAFW) and Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) has been collecting suicide data separately for farmers and agricultural labourers. It is worth noting that due to <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html">change in methodology</a> of NCRB&#39;s farm suicide related data collection and presentation, the data post-2013 cannot be compared with that of pre-2014 years.</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br /><strong><em>References</em></strong><br /><br />Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide">click here</a> to access</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br />Chapter-2A: Suicides in Farming Sector, Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India (2015), please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf" title="Chapter 2A suicides in farming sector" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf" title="Chapter 2A suicides in farming sector">click here</a> to access</div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">Death in the farmlands: Suicides in agriculture sector decline 32% in 2016, Business Standard, 8 April, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/death-in-the-farmlands-suicides-in-agriculture-sector-decline-32-in-2016-4684335.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/death-in-the-farmlands-suicides-in-agriculture-sector-decline-32-in-2016-4684335.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br />Big rise in farmer suicides in four states during 2016, says NCRB data -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 23 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/big-rise-in-farmer-suicides-in-four-states-during-2016-says-ncrb-data-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4684222.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/big-rise-in-farmer-suicides-in-four-states-during-2016-says-ncrb-data-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4684222.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /><br />10% drop in farm suicides, 11,000 cases in 2016: Govt -Vishwa Mohan, The Times of India, 22 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/10-drop-in-farm-suicides-11000-cases-in-2016-govt-vishwa-mohan-4684211.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/10-drop-in-farm-suicides-11000-cases-in-2016-govt-vishwa-mohan-4684211.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br />Agricultural workers suicides rising, but 2016 data shows overall drop in farmer suicides, The Hindu, 22 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/agricultural-workers-suicides-rising-but-2016-data-shows-overall-drop-in-farmer-suicides-4684221.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/agricultural-workers-suicides-rising-but-2016-data-shows-overall-drop-in-farmer-suicides-4684221.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br />The slaughter of suicide data -P Sainath, Frontline, 21 August, 2015, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br /><strong>Image Courtesy: Inclusive Media for Change/ Shambhu Ghatak</strong><br />&nbsp;</div>                                                           
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        NEWS ALERTS | Between 2015 &amp; 2016, suicide by farmers fell but suicide by agricultural labourers grew    </title>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><div style="text-align:justify">The total number of farm suicides in the country has reduced from 12,602 to 11,370 between 2015 and 2016 viz. a fall by 9.8 percent. This has been revealed recently in a reply by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Shri Parshottam Rupala in the Lok Sabha.<br /><br />So, one may wonder why there is such a hue and cry about rural distress and agrarian crisis in recent times.<br /><br />Clearly, the minister&#39;s <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf">reply on 20th March</a> to an unstarred question<em> (no. 4111)</em> shows that although the number of suicides by farmers fell from 8,007 to 6,351 between 2015 and 2016, the number of suicides committed by agricultural labourers increased by 9.2 percent from 4,595 to 5,019 during that span. Please check table-1 for further details.<br /><br /><strong>Table 1: Number of suicides by farmers and agricultural labourers (2013 to 2016)</strong><br /><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Table%201%20Suicides%20by%20Farmers%20and%20Agricultural%20Labourers_1.jpg" style="height:941px; width:943px" /></div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source: </strong>Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide">click here</a> to access</em></div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">In 2016, the most number of suicides by agricultural labourers were committed in Maharashtra (1,111), followed by Karnataka (867) and Madhya Pradesh (722). Likewise, the most number of suicides by farmers were found in Maharashtra (2,550), followed by Karnataka (1,212) and Telangana (632). In big states like West Bengal, the number of farm suicides since 2015 has been &#39;zero&#39;, which <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html">experts say</a> that it actually indicates data fudging. In the case of Bihar too, one notices that the total number of farm suicides was &#39;zero&#39; in 2016.</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br /><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Chart%201%20Proportion%20of%20suicides%20by%20agricultural%20labourers%20and%20farmers%20in%20total%20farm%20suicides.jpg" style="height:556px; width:821px" /><br /><br /><em><strong>Source: </strong>Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide">click here</a> to access</em><br /><br />The chart-1 indicates that the proportion of suicide by agricultural labourers in total farm suicides was 54.29 percent in 2014, 36.46 percent in 2015 and 44.14 percent in 2016. However, the proportion of suicide by farmers/ cultivators in total farm suicides was 45.71 percent in 2014, 63.54 percent in 2015 and 55.86 percent in 2016. &nbsp;<br /><br />Readers may note that the suicide data as quoted by the minister in Lok Sabha has been sourced from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). The suicide data for 2016 is provisional in nature and has not yet been made public through NCRB&rsquo;s annual publication entitled <em>Accidental Deaths and Suicides in India (ADSI)</em>.<br /><br />Although the reply by Shri Parshottam Rupala did not reveal the causes behind farm suicides in 2016, the <a href="https://im4change.org/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=2#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2015-released-in-2016" title="https://im4change.org/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=2#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2015-released-in-2016">ADSI 2015 report</a> says that &lsquo;Bankruptcy or Indebtedness&rsquo; and &lsquo;Farming related Issues&rsquo; were the major causes of suicides among farmers/ cultivators in 2015. It also says that &lsquo;Family Problems&rsquo;, followed by &lsquo;Illness&rsquo; were the two major causes of suicides among agricultural labourers.<br /><br />According to the <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf">ADSI 2015 report</a>, &lsquo;farmers/ cultivators&rsquo; include persons whose profession is farming and who either cultivates his/ her own land or who cultivate lease land with or without the assistance of agricultural labourers. On the other hand, the ADSI report defines &lsquo;agricultural labourers&rsquo; as those persons who primarily work in the farming sector (agriculture/ horticulture) and whose main source of income is from agricultural labour activities.</div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">It may be noted that due to the absence of a written rent/ lease agreement between a tenant farmer and a land owner, which is quite a common practice in the countryside, the former may not be counted as a farmer officially. So, suicide committed by such tenant farmer may not be recorded officially. Similarly, women farmers and tribal farmers, who often lack proper land titles, may not be enumerated as farmers officially. Hence, farm suicides by such persons may go unrecorded.</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br />Since 2014, the NCRB in consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture &amp; Farmers Welfare (MoAFW) and Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) has been collecting suicide data separately for farmers and agricultural labourers. It is worth noting that due to <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html">change in methodology</a> of NCRB&#39;s farm suicide related data collection and presentation, the data post-2013 cannot be compared with that of pre-2014 years.</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br /><strong><em>References</em></strong><br /><br />Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide">click here</a> to access</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br />Chapter-2A: Suicides in Farming Sector, Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India (2015), please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf" title="Chapter 2A suicides in farming sector" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf" title="Chapter 2A suicides in farming sector">click here</a> to access</div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">Death in the farmlands: Suicides in agriculture sector decline 32% in 2016, Business Standard, 8 April, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/death-in-the-farmlands-suicides-in-agriculture-sector-decline-32-in-2016-4684335.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/death-in-the-farmlands-suicides-in-agriculture-sector-decline-32-in-2016-4684335.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br />Big rise in farmer suicides in four states during 2016, says NCRB data -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 23 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/big-rise-in-farmer-suicides-in-four-states-during-2016-says-ncrb-data-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4684222.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/big-rise-in-farmer-suicides-in-four-states-during-2016-says-ncrb-data-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4684222.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /><br />10% drop in farm suicides, 11,000 cases in 2016: Govt -Vishwa Mohan, The Times of India, 22 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/10-drop-in-farm-suicides-11000-cases-in-2016-govt-vishwa-mohan-4684211.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/10-drop-in-farm-suicides-11000-cases-in-2016-govt-vishwa-mohan-4684211.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br />Agricultural workers suicides rising, but 2016 data shows overall drop in farmer suicides, The Hindu, 22 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/agricultural-workers-suicides-rising-but-2016-data-shows-overall-drop-in-farmer-suicides-4684221.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/agricultural-workers-suicides-rising-but-2016-data-shows-overall-drop-in-farmer-suicides-4684221.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br />The slaughter of suicide data -P Sainath, Frontline, 21 August, 2015, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br /><strong>Image Courtesy: Inclusive Media for Change/ Shambhu Ghatak</strong><br />&nbsp;</div>                                                           
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        NEWS ALERTS | Between 2015 &amp; 2016, suicide by farmers fell but suicide by agricultural labourers grew    </title>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Between 2015 &amp; 2016, suicide by farmers fell but suicide by agricultural labourers grew</h1>
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                            <p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><div style="text-align:justify">The total number of farm suicides in the country has reduced from 12,602 to 11,370 between 2015 and 2016 viz. a fall by 9.8 percent. This has been revealed recently in a reply by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Shri Parshottam Rupala in the Lok Sabha.<br /><br />So, one may wonder why there is such a hue and cry about rural distress and agrarian crisis in recent times.<br /><br />Clearly, the minister&#39;s <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf">reply on 20th March</a> to an unstarred question<em> (no. 4111)</em> shows that although the number of suicides by farmers fell from 8,007 to 6,351 between 2015 and 2016, the number of suicides committed by agricultural labourers increased by 9.2 percent from 4,595 to 5,019 during that span. Please check table-1 for further details.<br /><br /><strong>Table 1: Number of suicides by farmers and agricultural labourers (2013 to 2016)</strong><br /><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Table%201%20Suicides%20by%20Farmers%20and%20Agricultural%20Labourers_1.jpg" style="height:941px; width:943px" /></div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Source: </strong>Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide">click here</a> to access</em></div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">In 2016, the most number of suicides by agricultural labourers were committed in Maharashtra (1,111), followed by Karnataka (867) and Madhya Pradesh (722). Likewise, the most number of suicides by farmers were found in Maharashtra (2,550), followed by Karnataka (1,212) and Telangana (632). In big states like West Bengal, the number of farm suicides since 2015 has been &#39;zero&#39;, which <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html">experts say</a> that it actually indicates data fudging. In the case of Bihar too, one notices that the total number of farm suicides was &#39;zero&#39; in 2016.</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br /><img alt="" src="/upload/images/Chart%201%20Proportion%20of%20suicides%20by%20agricultural%20labourers%20and%20farmers%20in%20total%20farm%20suicides.jpg" style="height:556px; width:821px" /><br /><br /><em><strong>Source: </strong>Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide">click here</a> to access</em><br /><br />The chart-1 indicates that the proportion of suicide by agricultural labourers in total farm suicides was 54.29 percent in 2014, 36.46 percent in 2015 and 44.14 percent in 2016. However, the proportion of suicide by farmers/ cultivators in total farm suicides was 45.71 percent in 2014, 63.54 percent in 2015 and 55.86 percent in 2016. &nbsp;<br /><br />Readers may note that the suicide data as quoted by the minister in Lok Sabha has been sourced from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). The suicide data for 2016 is provisional in nature and has not yet been made public through NCRB&rsquo;s annual publication entitled <em>Accidental Deaths and Suicides in India (ADSI)</em>.<br /><br />Although the reply by Shri Parshottam Rupala did not reveal the causes behind farm suicides in 2016, the <a href="https://im4change.org/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=2#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2015-released-in-2016" title="https://im4change.org/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html?pgno=2#accidental-deaths-suicides-in-india-2015-released-in-2016">ADSI 2015 report</a> says that &lsquo;Bankruptcy or Indebtedness&rsquo; and &lsquo;Farming related Issues&rsquo; were the major causes of suicides among farmers/ cultivators in 2015. It also says that &lsquo;Family Problems&rsquo;, followed by &lsquo;Illness&rsquo; were the two major causes of suicides among agricultural labourers.<br /><br />According to the <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf">ADSI 2015 report</a>, &lsquo;farmers/ cultivators&rsquo; include persons whose profession is farming and who either cultivates his/ her own land or who cultivate lease land with or without the assistance of agricultural labourers. On the other hand, the ADSI report defines &lsquo;agricultural labourers&rsquo; as those persons who primarily work in the farming sector (agriculture/ horticulture) and whose main source of income is from agricultural labour activities.</div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">It may be noted that due to the absence of a written rent/ lease agreement between a tenant farmer and a land owner, which is quite a common practice in the countryside, the former may not be counted as a farmer officially. So, suicide committed by such tenant farmer may not be recorded officially. Similarly, women farmers and tribal farmers, who often lack proper land titles, may not be enumerated as farmers officially. Hence, farm suicides by such persons may go unrecorded.</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br />Since 2014, the NCRB in consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture &amp; Farmers Welfare (MoAFW) and Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) has been collecting suicide data separately for farmers and agricultural labourers. It is worth noting that due to <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html">change in methodology</a> of NCRB&#39;s farm suicide related data collection and presentation, the data post-2013 cannot be compared with that of pre-2014 years.</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br /><strong><em>References</em></strong><br /><br />Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Farmers%20suicide.pdf" title="Reply on Farmers suicide">click here</a> to access</div><div style="text-align:justify"><br />Chapter-2A: Suicides in Farming Sector, Accidental Deaths &amp; Suicides in India (2015), please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf" title="Chapter 2A suicides in farming sector" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Chapter%202A%20suicides%20in%20farming%20sector.pdf" title="Chapter 2A suicides in farming sector">click here</a> to access</div><div style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align:justify">Death in the farmlands: Suicides in agriculture sector decline 32% in 2016, Business Standard, 8 April, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/death-in-the-farmlands-suicides-in-agriculture-sector-decline-32-in-2016-4684335.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/death-in-the-farmlands-suicides-in-agriculture-sector-decline-32-in-2016-4684335.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br />Big rise in farmer suicides in four states during 2016, says NCRB data -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 23 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/big-rise-in-farmer-suicides-in-four-states-during-2016-says-ncrb-data-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4684222.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/big-rise-in-farmer-suicides-in-four-states-during-2016-says-ncrb-data-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4684222.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br /><br />10% drop in farm suicides, 11,000 cases in 2016: Govt -Vishwa Mohan, The Times of India, 22 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/10-drop-in-farm-suicides-11000-cases-in-2016-govt-vishwa-mohan-4684211.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/10-drop-in-farm-suicides-11000-cases-in-2016-govt-vishwa-mohan-4684211.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br />Agricultural workers suicides rising, but 2016 data shows overall drop in farmer suicides, The Hindu, 22 March, 2018, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/agricultural-workers-suicides-rising-but-2016-data-shows-overall-drop-in-farmer-suicides-4684221.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/agricultural-workers-suicides-rising-but-2016-data-shows-overall-drop-in-farmer-suicides-4684221.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br />The slaughter of suicide data -P Sainath, Frontline, 21 August, 2015, please <a href="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html" title="https://im4change.org/latest-news-updates/the-slaughter-of-suicide-data-p-sainath-4676967.html">click here</a> to access&nbsp;<br /><br /><strong>Image Courtesy: Inclusive Media for Change/ Shambhu Ghatak</strong><br />&nbsp;</div>                                                           
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Between 2015 & 2016, suicide by farmers fell but suicide by agricultural labourers grew

Published on Apr 17, 2018   Modified on Jul 2, 2021

The total number of farm suicides in the country has reduced from 12,602 to 11,370 between 2015 and 2016 viz. a fall by 9.8 percent. This has been revealed recently in a reply by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Shri Parshottam Rupala in the Lok Sabha. So, one may wonder why there is such a hue and cry about rural distress and agrarian crisis in recent times. Clearly, the minister's reply on 20th March to an unstarred question (no. 4111) shows that although the number of suicides by farmers fell from 8,007 to 6,351 between 2015 and 2016, the number of suicides committed by agricultural labourers increased by 9.2 percent from 4,595 to 5,019 during that span. Please check table-1 for further details. Table 1: Number of suicides by farmers and agricultural labourers (2013 to 2016)   Source: Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please click here to access   In 2016, the most number of suicides by agricultural labourers were committed in Maharashtra (1,111), followed by Karnataka (867) and Madhya Pradesh (722). Likewise, the most number of suicides by farmers were found in Maharashtra (2,550), followed by Karnataka (1,212) and Telangana (632). In big states like West Bengal, the number of farm suicides since 2015 has been 'zero', which experts say that it actually indicates data fudging. In the case of Bihar too, one notices that the total number of farm suicides was 'zero' in 2016. Source: Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please click here to access The chart-1 indicates that the proportion of suicide by agricultural labourers in total farm suicides was 54.29 percent in 2014, 36.46 percent in 2015 and 44.14 percent in 2016. However, the proportion of suicide by farmers/ cultivators in total farm suicides was 45.71 percent in 2014, 63.54 percent in 2015 and 55.86 percent in 2016.   Readers may note that the suicide data as quoted by the minister in Lok Sabha has been sourced from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). The suicide data for 2016 is provisional in nature and has not yet been made public through NCRB’s annual publication entitled Accidental Deaths and Suicides in India (ADSI). Although the reply by Shri Parshottam Rupala did not reveal the causes behind farm suicides in 2016, the ADSI 2015 report says that ‘Bankruptcy or Indebtedness’ and ‘Farming related Issues’ were the major causes of suicides among farmers/ cultivators in 2015. It also says that ‘Family Problems’, followed by ‘Illness’ were the two major causes of suicides among agricultural labourers. According to the ADSI 2015 report, ‘farmers/ cultivators’ include persons whose profession is farming and who either cultivates his/ her own land or who cultivate lease land with or without the assistance of agricultural labourers. On the other hand, the ADSI report defines ‘agricultural labourers’ as those persons who primarily work in the farming sector (agriculture/ horticulture) and whose main source of income is from agricultural labour activities.   It may be noted that due to the absence of a written rent/ lease agreement between a tenant farmer and a land owner, which is quite a common practice in the countryside, the former may not be counted as a farmer officially. So, suicide committed by such tenant farmer may not be recorded officially. Similarly, women farmers and tribal farmers, who often lack proper land titles, may not be enumerated as farmers officially. Hence, farm suicides by such persons may go unrecorded. Since 2014, the NCRB in consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare (MoAFW) and Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) has been collecting suicide data separately for farmers and agricultural labourers. It is worth noting that due to change in methodology of NCRB's farm suicide related data collection and presentation, the data post-2013 cannot be compared with that of pre-2014 years. References Reply to Unstarred Question No. 4111 dated 20th March, 2018, Lok Sabha, please click here to access Chapter-2A: Suicides in Farming Sector, Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India (2015), please click here to access   Death in the farmlands: Suicides in agriculture sector decline 32% in 2016, Business Standard, 8 April, 2018, please click here to access  Big rise in farmer suicides in four states during 2016, says NCRB data -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 23 March, 2018, please click here to access     10% drop in farm suicides, 11,000 cases in 2016: Govt -Vishwa Mohan, The Times of India, 22 March, 2018, please click here to access  Agricultural workers suicides rising, but 2016 data shows overall drop in farmer suicides, The Hindu, 22 March, 2018, please click here to access  The slaughter of suicide data -P Sainath, Frontline, 21 August, 2015, please click here to access  Image Courtesy: Inclusive Media for Change/ Shambhu Ghatak

Tagged with: Accidental Death and Suicides in India (ADSI) agricultural labourers farm crisis farmers suicide Farmers' death Farmers' Suicide Farmers' Suicides Indebtedness National Crime Records Bureau National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) NCRB rural distress Suicide by farmers

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