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News Alerts | World population explosion: 1 billion more in 12 years

World population explosion: 1 billion more in 12 years

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published Published on Oct 29, 2009   modified Modified on Oct 29, 2009

Global population is going to cross the 7 billion mark by the year 2011. World population growth is almost entirely concentrated in the world's poorest countries. In a report prepared by the World Population Reference Bureau (www.prb.org), it has been found that within a span of 12 years, population of the world increased by 1 billion, which can be termed as a historic event. The report says that in the next two years, the world's youth population (in the age group 15-24 years) will get more concentrated in Africa and Asia. This is likely to cause pressures on domestic governments for employment generation.

Despite fertility rates going down in many nations, there has been a rapid growth in world population. According to the 2009 datasheet generated by the World Population Reference Bureau, it took merely 12 years for the global population to increase from 5 billion to 6 billion. Forecasts show that global population numbers are on track to reach 7 billion in 2011, just 12 years after reaching 6 billion in 1999.

According to the report, India has made progress on several fronts. For example, the percentage share of mothers below 18 years of age has gone down from 26 percent in 1994 to 13 percent in 2006. Similarly, percentage share of children who attended Class X Board Exams has gone up from 41 percent in 1990 to 54 percent in 2006. However, India is still lagging behind Indonesia and Haiti when it comes to lowering of fertility rates. It also lags behind Mexico and Egypt in terms of gross school attendance rates.

In the forthcoming years, fertility rates in the developing countries will come closer to the fertility rates prevailing in the developed countries i.e. two children per woman. However, further analysis of demographic data provides a different picture. If fertility rates of various countries are compared, we get that the range of difference can be as large as 8 times. Fertility rate is highest in Nigeria (7.4 children per woman) and lowest in Taiwan (1 child per woman).

The report says that 90 percent of youth population (i.e. 1.2 billion) is concentrated in the developing countries. Eight in every 10 of those youth live in Africa and Asia. In the coming decades, youth population would start migrating towards urban areas and cities as there is lack of employment and livelihood opportunities in the rural areas. It is a major challenge before the developing countries’ governments to fulfill the requirements of the youth i.e. education, training, housing, health facilities and employment opportunities. Most of the poor countries are not yet ready to meet up these basic needs. 

The 2009 World Population Data Sheet provides up-to-date demographic, health, and environment data for all the countries and major regions of the world. It shows just how stark the contrasts are between rich and poor countries. If we compare the current population of Canada and Uganda, we get that the figures are same. However, by the year 2050 Uganda’s projection population will become twice of Canada’s population because fertility rate in the former is presently 5 times higher than the former’s. 

Highlights of the report

• World population growth is almost entirely concentrated in the world's poorest countries

• The world's youth population Will become more concentrated in Africa and Asia

• More developed countries have fewer young people relative to elderly

• Less developed countries have far more young people relative to elderly

• To slow population growth, developing countries' fertility decline must be rapid

• Since 1980 till today, there has been Very little change in Africa's population under 15

• Africa's population of 1 billion is projected to grow rapidly through 2050

• The differences between developed and developing countries can Be stark

• Today, China and India account for nearly two-thirds of the region’s population, and in 2050 their share will only be slightly less. But it will be India that will grow substantially by 2050. China’s population size will decline well before 2050 if current projections hold true. Should China change its “one-child” policy, a different picture could emerge.


Further readings:

http://www.prb.org/pdf09/09wpds_eng.pdf
http://www.prb.org/en/Journalists/PressReleases/2009/2009w
pds.aspx
 
http://www.prb.org/en/Publications/Datasheets/2009/2009wpds.aspx

World Population Highlights: Key Findings from PRB’S 2009 World Population Data Sheet, Vol. 64, No. 3, September 2009, http://www.prb.org/pdf09/64.3highlights.pdf

 

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