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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi

Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi

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published Published on Oct 15, 2012   modified Modified on Oct 15, 2012
-The Indian Express

An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of “unfairness” and “discrimination” and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.

Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.

‘Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends’ — by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the “double burden of being labelled as ‘anti-nationalist’ and being appeased at the same time”. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.

The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.

“Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,” the study says.

With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.

Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.

Non availability of credit — virtually non existent credit flow — in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.

The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. “Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,” it says.

Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.

Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.

The report points out “links between economic and political spaces” and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. “Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,” it says.

The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.

IN FINE PRINT

Participation of Muslims relatively low in education

Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung

High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school

Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education

Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education

Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market

The Indian Express, 15 October, 2012, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/muslims-need-quota-more-than-hindu-obcs-iima-study/1016744/


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