Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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        NEWS ALERTS | Additional days of work available under MGNREGS not taken up in drought hit states    </title>
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Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).

A review of MGNREGA implementation in 8 different states of India by a team of..."/>
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Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).

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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Additional days of work available under MGNREGS not taken up in drought hit states</h1>
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                            <br /><div align="justify">Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).<br /><br />A review of MGNREGA implementation in 8 different states of India by a team of experts during the month of May this year reveals that in many of the drought affected districts, the Gram Panchayats have no work to offer under the programme. (Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report">click here</a> to access the report).<br /><br />Although under the Drought Contingency Plan drought affected/ notified districts were supposed to provide for 50 percent extra shelf of works so that unskilled manual workers could get additional 50 days of employment (over and above the 100 days of employment under the NREGS), in reality employment generation in many such districts was found to be low.</div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify">A review report prepared by the First Common Review Mission (CRM) under the guidance of Sumit Bose has, therefore, asked for the need to analyse why the provision for 100 days of employment could not get exhausted and detect whether an extra shelf of works was available. The analyses is expected to be done by Cluster Facilitation Teams (CFTs) in drought affected areas. In other words, the report emphasizes on the need to analyse the reasons whether no work under MGNREGS at the Gram Panchayat-level happened due to lack of shelf, lack of demand, lack of awareness or lack of mobilization. <br /><br />It is to be noted that the <em>Report of the Working Group on MGNREGA towards formulation of the 12th Five Year Plan</em> had recommended for a fully dedicated professional support team, to be called Cluster Facilitation Team for MGNREGA to be placed at Village Development Clusters (VDC)-level. That report said that such professionals should be recruited on a contractual basis under the state mission. (Please <a href="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf" title="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf">click here</a> to access the report).<br /><br />The CRM report under discussion, which was prepared by a team of 32 experts (divided into groups of four each to visit 8 states), has reviewed the implementation of MGNREGA in two districts from each of the 8 states, out of which it is found that 7 were affected by drought conditions.<br /><br />The report says that the MGNREGA could not be implemented effectively in states that lacked workers' mobilisation as well as administrative support. In Tripura, strong administrative support improved the implementation of MGNREGA considerably, states the report.&nbsp; <br /><br />It finds out how effectively the various rural development related schemes including the MGNREGA have been implemented on the ground in 8 different states of India, namely Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan and Tripura.<br /><br />Among other things, the CRM report says that there is a serious financial crunch in the flow of funds vis-&agrave;-vis demand on the ground and works taken up particularly in Madhya Pradesh and also in states like Rajasthan, Karnataka, Jharkhand and Maharashtra.<br /><br />Delay in payment to suppliers of materials was observed in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, which affected completion of work. In Odisha, problems were detected in the transfer of funds to the account of MGNREGA beneficiaries. The post office system in Maharashtra faced problems in terms of post FTO flow of funds. The report says that the states have raised the issue of rejection or part payment of the fund transfer orders (FTO's) and its inadequate resolution. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify">The CRM report says that the MoRD needs to identify what works in various situations since mechanical introduction of information technology (IT) may not provide the solution in terrains where banking network is sparse, banking correspondent (BC) system is inadequate and post-office system is unsatisfactory.<br /><br />Thanks to <em>Shrama Shakti Sanghas</em> or groups comprising MGNREGA workers, work was provided as per demand and an adequate shelf of works was maintained in Andhra Pradesh, says the CRM report. However, during the visits the CRM team noted that several Gram Panchayats were not offering work under MGNREGA in Maharashtra. In Madhya Pradesh, information on the shelf of projects was not available in any of the Panchayats visited. Gram Sabha resolutions approving the shelf were not available. <br /><br />In Rajasthan, labour budget was not prepared at the Gram Panchayat-level and no minutes were shown at the Gram Sabha register. In Karnataka approved shelf of project was found to be approximately 150 percent of job demand. <br /><br />The CRM report says that Tripura performed extraordinarily as compared to other states in terms of physical and financial achievements. It achieved 5.38 crore person days (average 94 person days) of employment, spending Rs. 940 crores (70 percent) on wages and Rs. 398 crores (30 percent) on materials and Rs. 55 crores on administrative expenditure.<br /><br />Lacunae in planning for NREGS works was observed in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra by the report.<br /><br />The provision of worksite facilities varied across the states. Non-availability of cr&egrave;ches at work site was a common phenomenon, finds the report.<br /><br />It says that the awareness among workers about their rights to a job card and demand work varied across worksites, blocks, districts and states. In Maharashtra, low demand for MGNREGS was observed. The participation of women in the programmes was found to be low, even in tribal dominated blocks. <br /><br />The CRM report says that in Rajasthan, workers' awareness on entitlements like checking muster roll, measurement details and late payment compensation was negligible. In Madhya Pradesh, workers were found not to be aware of their rights to guaranteed work. The CRM team could not find a system of written demand for work and its receipt in that state.<br /><br />The CRM report says that the transparency and accountability provisions under MGNREGA were not effectively implemented across the 8 states reviewed. Most social audits conducted in states were insufficient in completing the accountability loop. There was inadequate effective grievance redressal and complaints mechanism at the state-level. In most states, the CRM report noted that the positions of ombudspersons were lying vacant. Their training, role clarity and work environment were areas of concern, says the report.<br /><br />Although convergence of schemes was observed in the states of Odisha, Tripura, Karnataka, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh, the report has recommended for the need to plan better for convergence in Maharashtra. The report has noted three issues concerning convergence: (a) Interdepartmental convergence was limited only to technical support, and interdepartmental scheme planning and financial convergence is yet to gather momentum; (b) Capacity building needs to be improved; and (c) At the cutting edge level, beneficiaries are yet to enjoy the convergent delivery of a basket of services.<br /><br />It should be mentioned here that the CRM report, which was released on 3rd June this year, covers 5 rural development schemes i.e. MGNREGA, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana &ndash; Gramin (PMAY-G), Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana &ndash; National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) and National Social Assistance Programmes (NSAP). <br /><br />Shortly after the CRM report, another report from MoRD has been released on 27 June entitled <em>MGNREGA: Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 15-16 and FY 16-17)</em>. (Please <a href="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf" title="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf">click here</a> to access the report).<br /><br />In the introduction, the report has provided a list of major challenges experienced in the implementation of MGNREGA, which are as follows:<br /><br />&bull; Unrealistic and improper planning at the Gram Panchayat-level. <br /><br />&bull; Delays in wage payment.<br /><br />&bull; Fund constraints<br /><br />&bull; Quality, durability and usefulness of assets can be questioned. <br /><br />&bull; Low awareness of the programme and less public participation. <br /><br />&bull; Lack of outcome based monitoring.<br /><br />&bull; Poor maintenance of records.<br /><br />&bull; Inadequate coverage of persons with disabilities (PwDs) and of women in some states. <br /><br />&bull; Non-compliance with transparency and accountability provisions.<br /><br />&bull; Lack of ICT infrastructure.<br /><br />&bull; Inadequate capacity of functionaries.<br /><br />&bull; Lack of adequate number of technical staff.<br /><br />The key findings of the report entitled <em>Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 2015-16 and FY 2016-17)</em> are as follows: <br /><br />&bull; In the financial year 2015-16, 235.6 crore person days of wage employment was generated (against labour budget for 239.1 crore person days of employment), which was the highest in the last 5 years. <br /><br />&bull; Although 5.35 crore households demanded employment, only 4.82 crore households got employment under MGNREGA in 2015-16. It means that 9.9 percent of households were not provided employment under MGNREGA despite making demand. <br /><br />&bull; The average person days of employment per household in 2015-16 stood at 49 days, which was the highest in the past 3 years.<br /><br />&bull; Nearly 48.5 lakh households were provided at least 100 days of employment in 2015-16. Put simply, only 10.1 percent of all households in the country got at least 100 days of employment in that financial year.<br /><br />&bull; In drought affected states, 28.35 lakh households were provided more than 100 days of employment in 2015-16. In other words, only 5.9 percent of all households in drought affected states got more than 100 days of employment (provided drought is notified in a state or if a state has given additional days of employment). <br /><br />&bull; The average wage per person day during 2015-16 stood at Rs. 154.<br /><br />&bull; Rs. 43,848 crore was spent on MGNREGA in 2015-16, which was the highest since inception of the programme. <br /><br />&bull; Nearly 46.57 lakh hectares area of land benefited from public works relating to natural resources management such as water conservation, watershed management, irrigation, traditional water bodies, afforestation and land development.<br /><br />&bull; Out of the total works taken up under MGNREGA, 42 percent were dedicated for rural infrastructure, 34 percent for individual assets for the vulnerable, 22 percent for natural resources management and just 2 percent for common infrastructure for NRLM compliant self-help groups (SHGs). <br /><br />&bull; Out of the total expenditure on works taken up under MGNREGA, 45 percent was spent on rural infrastructure, 41 percent on natural resources management and 14 percent on individual assets for the vulnerable.<br /><br />&bull; Nearly 85 percent of total number of works started since inception till 31 March 2015 could be completed.<br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to improve productivity of lands benefitted 3.57 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to improve livelihoods benefitted 8.2 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to develop fallow or wastelands benefitted 7.17 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to construct houses benefitted 11.53 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to promote livestock benefitted 3.19 lakh households.<br /><br />&bull; About 10.78 crore accounts of active workers are in banks and post offices; 94 percent of the wages are credited into the accounts of the beneficiaries through an Electronic Fund Management System (EFMS). In 2016-17, over 60 percent payments could be made on time.<br /><br />&bull; MGNREGS is one of the finest examples of the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) initiatives of the Government. <br /><br />&bull; So far Aadhaar numbers have been seeded into NREGASoft database of around 7.05 crore workers and 2.86 crore workers (till the date of publication of the present report under discussion) have started getting their payments through Aadhaar Based Payment Bridge System (ABPS). <br /><br />&bull; There are plans to engage nearly 4000 Barefoot Technicians (BFTs) on the ground during the financial year 2016-17.<br /><br />&bull; The online Management Information System (MIS) portal of NREGS contains real time reports and records for over 6 lakh villages and work &amp; payment details of 13 crore households, 28 crore workers, and around one crore works every year. <br /><br />&bull; In the financial year 2016-17, the states took upon themselves the targets related to farm ponds/ dug wells, vermicompost, Anganwadi Centres (AWCs), Individual Household Latrines (IHHLs) and road side plantations. As such, the states have targeted to construct 8,77,300 lakh farm ponds/ dug wells, 10.39 lakh vermicompost units, 6331 AWCs, 33 lakh IHHLs, and 49,482 kilometres of road side plantations. Besides, there is considerable thrust on individual asset creation like poultry, goatery and cattle sheds, soak pits etc. and various kinds of integrated natural resource management works. <br /><br /><strong>References<br /></strong><br />MGNREGA: Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 15-16 and FY 16-17), Ministry of Rural Development, 27 June, 2016, please <a href="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf" title="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Report of First Common Review Mission, Department of Rural Development (Volume-1), Ministry of Rural Development, 3 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report">click here</a> to access <br /><br />Report of the Working Group on MGNREGA towards formulation of the 12th Five Year Plan, October 2011, please <a href="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf" title="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Centre spends 22% more on MGNREGS in FY16 -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/centre-spends-22-more-on-mgnregs-in-fy16-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4679666.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/centre-spends-22-more-on-mgnregs-in-fy16-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4679666.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Govt unveils report on MGNREGA assets: Ministry of Rural Development, The Indian Express, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/govt-unveils-report-on-mgnrega-assets-ministry-of-rural-development-4679665.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/govt-unveils-report-on-mgnrega-assets-ministry-of-rural-development-4679665.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />What&rsquo;s wrong with MGNREGA? All you want to know -Sandip Das, The Financial Express, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/whats-wrong-with-mgnrega-all-you-want-to-know-sandip-das-4679661.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/whats-wrong-with-mgnrega-all-you-want-to-know-sandip-das-4679661.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Only 49 days of work under MGNREGS a record: Chaudhury Birender Singh -Elizabeth Roche, Livemint.com, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/only-49-days-of-work-under-mgnregs-a-record-chaudhury-birender-singh-elizabeth-roche-4679658.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/only-49-days-of-work-under-mgnregs-a-record-chaudhury-birender-singh-elizabeth-roche-4679658.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />NREGS scores a point in 1st report card with highest spend of Rs 56,000 crore in FY16 -Ruchika Chitravanshi, The Economic Times, 28 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/nregs-scores-a-point-in-1st-report-card-with-highest-spend-of-rs-56000-crore-in-fy16-ruchika-chitravanshi-4679653.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/nregs-scores-a-point-in-1st-report-card-with-highest-spend-of-rs-56000-crore-in-fy16-ruchika-chitravanshi-4679653.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />235 crore person days' work generated by MGNREGA: Government, The Economic Times, 28 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/235-crore-person-days039-work-generated-by-mgnrega-government-4679664.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/235-crore-person-days039-work-generated-by-mgnrega-government-4679664.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Review points to procedural lapses in MGNREGS -Sayantan Bera and Elizabeth Roche, Livemint.com, 20 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/review-points-to-procedural-lapses-in-mgnregs-sayantan-bera-and-elizabeth-roche-4679599.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/review-points-to-procedural-lapses-in-mgnregs-sayantan-bera-and-elizabeth-roche-4679599.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Flaws in many rural development plans -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 6 June, 2016, please <a href="http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/flaws-in-many-rural-development-plans-116060500578_1.html" title="http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/flaws-in-many-rural-development-plans-116060500578_1.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Ex-post facto approval to additional employment of 50 days over and above 100 days per household under MGNREGA in areas hit by drought or natural calamities, Press Information Bureau, Cabinet, 16 September, 2015,<br /><a href="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943" title="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943">http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943</a><br /><br />Steps taken by the Central Government for relief to farmers in view of deficit monsoon, Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, 14 September, 2015, <a href="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888" title="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888">http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888</a></div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: MKSS Rajasthan</strong><br /></div>                                                           
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        NEWS ALERTS | Additional days of work available under MGNREGS not taken up in drought hit states    </title>
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Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).

A review of MGNREGA implementation in 8 different states of India by a team of..."/>
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Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).

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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Additional days of work available under MGNREGS not taken up in drought hit states</h1>
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                            <br /><div align="justify">Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).<br /><br />A review of MGNREGA implementation in 8 different states of India by a team of experts during the month of May this year reveals that in many of the drought affected districts, the Gram Panchayats have no work to offer under the programme. (Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report">click here</a> to access the report).<br /><br />Although under the Drought Contingency Plan drought affected/ notified districts were supposed to provide for 50 percent extra shelf of works so that unskilled manual workers could get additional 50 days of employment (over and above the 100 days of employment under the NREGS), in reality employment generation in many such districts was found to be low.</div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify">A review report prepared by the First Common Review Mission (CRM) under the guidance of Sumit Bose has, therefore, asked for the need to analyse why the provision for 100 days of employment could not get exhausted and detect whether an extra shelf of works was available. The analyses is expected to be done by Cluster Facilitation Teams (CFTs) in drought affected areas. In other words, the report emphasizes on the need to analyse the reasons whether no work under MGNREGS at the Gram Panchayat-level happened due to lack of shelf, lack of demand, lack of awareness or lack of mobilization. <br /><br />It is to be noted that the <em>Report of the Working Group on MGNREGA towards formulation of the 12th Five Year Plan</em> had recommended for a fully dedicated professional support team, to be called Cluster Facilitation Team for MGNREGA to be placed at Village Development Clusters (VDC)-level. That report said that such professionals should be recruited on a contractual basis under the state mission. (Please <a href="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf" title="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf">click here</a> to access the report).<br /><br />The CRM report under discussion, which was prepared by a team of 32 experts (divided into groups of four each to visit 8 states), has reviewed the implementation of MGNREGA in two districts from each of the 8 states, out of which it is found that 7 were affected by drought conditions.<br /><br />The report says that the MGNREGA could not be implemented effectively in states that lacked workers' mobilisation as well as administrative support. In Tripura, strong administrative support improved the implementation of MGNREGA considerably, states the report.&nbsp; <br /><br />It finds out how effectively the various rural development related schemes including the MGNREGA have been implemented on the ground in 8 different states of India, namely Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan and Tripura.<br /><br />Among other things, the CRM report says that there is a serious financial crunch in the flow of funds vis-&agrave;-vis demand on the ground and works taken up particularly in Madhya Pradesh and also in states like Rajasthan, Karnataka, Jharkhand and Maharashtra.<br /><br />Delay in payment to suppliers of materials was observed in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, which affected completion of work. In Odisha, problems were detected in the transfer of funds to the account of MGNREGA beneficiaries. The post office system in Maharashtra faced problems in terms of post FTO flow of funds. The report says that the states have raised the issue of rejection or part payment of the fund transfer orders (FTO's) and its inadequate resolution. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify">The CRM report says that the MoRD needs to identify what works in various situations since mechanical introduction of information technology (IT) may not provide the solution in terrains where banking network is sparse, banking correspondent (BC) system is inadequate and post-office system is unsatisfactory.<br /><br />Thanks to <em>Shrama Shakti Sanghas</em> or groups comprising MGNREGA workers, work was provided as per demand and an adequate shelf of works was maintained in Andhra Pradesh, says the CRM report. However, during the visits the CRM team noted that several Gram Panchayats were not offering work under MGNREGA in Maharashtra. In Madhya Pradesh, information on the shelf of projects was not available in any of the Panchayats visited. Gram Sabha resolutions approving the shelf were not available. <br /><br />In Rajasthan, labour budget was not prepared at the Gram Panchayat-level and no minutes were shown at the Gram Sabha register. In Karnataka approved shelf of project was found to be approximately 150 percent of job demand. <br /><br />The CRM report says that Tripura performed extraordinarily as compared to other states in terms of physical and financial achievements. It achieved 5.38 crore person days (average 94 person days) of employment, spending Rs. 940 crores (70 percent) on wages and Rs. 398 crores (30 percent) on materials and Rs. 55 crores on administrative expenditure.<br /><br />Lacunae in planning for NREGS works was observed in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra by the report.<br /><br />The provision of worksite facilities varied across the states. Non-availability of cr&egrave;ches at work site was a common phenomenon, finds the report.<br /><br />It says that the awareness among workers about their rights to a job card and demand work varied across worksites, blocks, districts and states. In Maharashtra, low demand for MGNREGS was observed. The participation of women in the programmes was found to be low, even in tribal dominated blocks. <br /><br />The CRM report says that in Rajasthan, workers' awareness on entitlements like checking muster roll, measurement details and late payment compensation was negligible. In Madhya Pradesh, workers were found not to be aware of their rights to guaranteed work. The CRM team could not find a system of written demand for work and its receipt in that state.<br /><br />The CRM report says that the transparency and accountability provisions under MGNREGA were not effectively implemented across the 8 states reviewed. Most social audits conducted in states were insufficient in completing the accountability loop. There was inadequate effective grievance redressal and complaints mechanism at the state-level. In most states, the CRM report noted that the positions of ombudspersons were lying vacant. Their training, role clarity and work environment were areas of concern, says the report.<br /><br />Although convergence of schemes was observed in the states of Odisha, Tripura, Karnataka, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh, the report has recommended for the need to plan better for convergence in Maharashtra. The report has noted three issues concerning convergence: (a) Interdepartmental convergence was limited only to technical support, and interdepartmental scheme planning and financial convergence is yet to gather momentum; (b) Capacity building needs to be improved; and (c) At the cutting edge level, beneficiaries are yet to enjoy the convergent delivery of a basket of services.<br /><br />It should be mentioned here that the CRM report, which was released on 3rd June this year, covers 5 rural development schemes i.e. MGNREGA, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana &ndash; Gramin (PMAY-G), Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana &ndash; National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) and National Social Assistance Programmes (NSAP). <br /><br />Shortly after the CRM report, another report from MoRD has been released on 27 June entitled <em>MGNREGA: Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 15-16 and FY 16-17)</em>. (Please <a href="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf" title="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf">click here</a> to access the report).<br /><br />In the introduction, the report has provided a list of major challenges experienced in the implementation of MGNREGA, which are as follows:<br /><br />&bull; Unrealistic and improper planning at the Gram Panchayat-level. <br /><br />&bull; Delays in wage payment.<br /><br />&bull; Fund constraints<br /><br />&bull; Quality, durability and usefulness of assets can be questioned. <br /><br />&bull; Low awareness of the programme and less public participation. <br /><br />&bull; Lack of outcome based monitoring.<br /><br />&bull; Poor maintenance of records.<br /><br />&bull; Inadequate coverage of persons with disabilities (PwDs) and of women in some states. <br /><br />&bull; Non-compliance with transparency and accountability provisions.<br /><br />&bull; Lack of ICT infrastructure.<br /><br />&bull; Inadequate capacity of functionaries.<br /><br />&bull; Lack of adequate number of technical staff.<br /><br />The key findings of the report entitled <em>Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 2015-16 and FY 2016-17)</em> are as follows: <br /><br />&bull; In the financial year 2015-16, 235.6 crore person days of wage employment was generated (against labour budget for 239.1 crore person days of employment), which was the highest in the last 5 years. <br /><br />&bull; Although 5.35 crore households demanded employment, only 4.82 crore households got employment under MGNREGA in 2015-16. It means that 9.9 percent of households were not provided employment under MGNREGA despite making demand. <br /><br />&bull; The average person days of employment per household in 2015-16 stood at 49 days, which was the highest in the past 3 years.<br /><br />&bull; Nearly 48.5 lakh households were provided at least 100 days of employment in 2015-16. Put simply, only 10.1 percent of all households in the country got at least 100 days of employment in that financial year.<br /><br />&bull; In drought affected states, 28.35 lakh households were provided more than 100 days of employment in 2015-16. In other words, only 5.9 percent of all households in drought affected states got more than 100 days of employment (provided drought is notified in a state or if a state has given additional days of employment). <br /><br />&bull; The average wage per person day during 2015-16 stood at Rs. 154.<br /><br />&bull; Rs. 43,848 crore was spent on MGNREGA in 2015-16, which was the highest since inception of the programme. <br /><br />&bull; Nearly 46.57 lakh hectares area of land benefited from public works relating to natural resources management such as water conservation, watershed management, irrigation, traditional water bodies, afforestation and land development.<br /><br />&bull; Out of the total works taken up under MGNREGA, 42 percent were dedicated for rural infrastructure, 34 percent for individual assets for the vulnerable, 22 percent for natural resources management and just 2 percent for common infrastructure for NRLM compliant self-help groups (SHGs). <br /><br />&bull; Out of the total expenditure on works taken up under MGNREGA, 45 percent was spent on rural infrastructure, 41 percent on natural resources management and 14 percent on individual assets for the vulnerable.<br /><br />&bull; Nearly 85 percent of total number of works started since inception till 31 March 2015 could be completed.<br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to improve productivity of lands benefitted 3.57 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to improve livelihoods benefitted 8.2 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to develop fallow or wastelands benefitted 7.17 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to construct houses benefitted 11.53 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to promote livestock benefitted 3.19 lakh households.<br /><br />&bull; About 10.78 crore accounts of active workers are in banks and post offices; 94 percent of the wages are credited into the accounts of the beneficiaries through an Electronic Fund Management System (EFMS). In 2016-17, over 60 percent payments could be made on time.<br /><br />&bull; MGNREGS is one of the finest examples of the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) initiatives of the Government. <br /><br />&bull; So far Aadhaar numbers have been seeded into NREGASoft database of around 7.05 crore workers and 2.86 crore workers (till the date of publication of the present report under discussion) have started getting their payments through Aadhaar Based Payment Bridge System (ABPS). <br /><br />&bull; There are plans to engage nearly 4000 Barefoot Technicians (BFTs) on the ground during the financial year 2016-17.<br /><br />&bull; The online Management Information System (MIS) portal of NREGS contains real time reports and records for over 6 lakh villages and work &amp; payment details of 13 crore households, 28 crore workers, and around one crore works every year. <br /><br />&bull; In the financial year 2016-17, the states took upon themselves the targets related to farm ponds/ dug wells, vermicompost, Anganwadi Centres (AWCs), Individual Household Latrines (IHHLs) and road side plantations. As such, the states have targeted to construct 8,77,300 lakh farm ponds/ dug wells, 10.39 lakh vermicompost units, 6331 AWCs, 33 lakh IHHLs, and 49,482 kilometres of road side plantations. Besides, there is considerable thrust on individual asset creation like poultry, goatery and cattle sheds, soak pits etc. and various kinds of integrated natural resource management works. <br /><br /><strong>References<br /></strong><br />MGNREGA: Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 15-16 and FY 16-17), Ministry of Rural Development, 27 June, 2016, please <a href="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf" title="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Report of First Common Review Mission, Department of Rural Development (Volume-1), Ministry of Rural Development, 3 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report">click here</a> to access <br /><br />Report of the Working Group on MGNREGA towards formulation of the 12th Five Year Plan, October 2011, please <a href="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf" title="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Centre spends 22% more on MGNREGS in FY16 -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/centre-spends-22-more-on-mgnregs-in-fy16-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4679666.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/centre-spends-22-more-on-mgnregs-in-fy16-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4679666.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Govt unveils report on MGNREGA assets: Ministry of Rural Development, The Indian Express, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/govt-unveils-report-on-mgnrega-assets-ministry-of-rural-development-4679665.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/govt-unveils-report-on-mgnrega-assets-ministry-of-rural-development-4679665.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />What&rsquo;s wrong with MGNREGA? All you want to know -Sandip Das, The Financial Express, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/whats-wrong-with-mgnrega-all-you-want-to-know-sandip-das-4679661.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/whats-wrong-with-mgnrega-all-you-want-to-know-sandip-das-4679661.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Only 49 days of work under MGNREGS a record: Chaudhury Birender Singh -Elizabeth Roche, Livemint.com, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/only-49-days-of-work-under-mgnregs-a-record-chaudhury-birender-singh-elizabeth-roche-4679658.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/only-49-days-of-work-under-mgnregs-a-record-chaudhury-birender-singh-elizabeth-roche-4679658.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />NREGS scores a point in 1st report card with highest spend of Rs 56,000 crore in FY16 -Ruchika Chitravanshi, The Economic Times, 28 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/nregs-scores-a-point-in-1st-report-card-with-highest-spend-of-rs-56000-crore-in-fy16-ruchika-chitravanshi-4679653.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/nregs-scores-a-point-in-1st-report-card-with-highest-spend-of-rs-56000-crore-in-fy16-ruchika-chitravanshi-4679653.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />235 crore person days' work generated by MGNREGA: Government, The Economic Times, 28 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/235-crore-person-days039-work-generated-by-mgnrega-government-4679664.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/235-crore-person-days039-work-generated-by-mgnrega-government-4679664.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Review points to procedural lapses in MGNREGS -Sayantan Bera and Elizabeth Roche, Livemint.com, 20 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/review-points-to-procedural-lapses-in-mgnregs-sayantan-bera-and-elizabeth-roche-4679599.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/review-points-to-procedural-lapses-in-mgnregs-sayantan-bera-and-elizabeth-roche-4679599.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Flaws in many rural development plans -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 6 June, 2016, please <a href="http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/flaws-in-many-rural-development-plans-116060500578_1.html" title="http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/flaws-in-many-rural-development-plans-116060500578_1.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Ex-post facto approval to additional employment of 50 days over and above 100 days per household under MGNREGA in areas hit by drought or natural calamities, Press Information Bureau, Cabinet, 16 September, 2015,<br /><a href="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943" title="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943">http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943</a><br /><br />Steps taken by the Central Government for relief to farmers in view of deficit monsoon, Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, 14 September, 2015, <a href="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888" title="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888">http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888</a></div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: MKSS Rajasthan</strong><br /></div>                                                           
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        NEWS ALERTS | Additional days of work available under MGNREGS not taken up in drought hit states    </title>
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Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).

A review of MGNREGA implementation in 8 different states of India by a team of..."/>
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Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).

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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Additional days of work available under MGNREGS not taken up in drought hit states</h1>
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                            <br /><div align="justify">Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).<br /><br />A review of MGNREGA implementation in 8 different states of India by a team of experts during the month of May this year reveals that in many of the drought affected districts, the Gram Panchayats have no work to offer under the programme. (Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report">click here</a> to access the report).<br /><br />Although under the Drought Contingency Plan drought affected/ notified districts were supposed to provide for 50 percent extra shelf of works so that unskilled manual workers could get additional 50 days of employment (over and above the 100 days of employment under the NREGS), in reality employment generation in many such districts was found to be low.</div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify">A review report prepared by the First Common Review Mission (CRM) under the guidance of Sumit Bose has, therefore, asked for the need to analyse why the provision for 100 days of employment could not get exhausted and detect whether an extra shelf of works was available. The analyses is expected to be done by Cluster Facilitation Teams (CFTs) in drought affected areas. In other words, the report emphasizes on the need to analyse the reasons whether no work under MGNREGS at the Gram Panchayat-level happened due to lack of shelf, lack of demand, lack of awareness or lack of mobilization. <br /><br />It is to be noted that the <em>Report of the Working Group on MGNREGA towards formulation of the 12th Five Year Plan</em> had recommended for a fully dedicated professional support team, to be called Cluster Facilitation Team for MGNREGA to be placed at Village Development Clusters (VDC)-level. That report said that such professionals should be recruited on a contractual basis under the state mission. (Please <a href="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf" title="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf">click here</a> to access the report).<br /><br />The CRM report under discussion, which was prepared by a team of 32 experts (divided into groups of four each to visit 8 states), has reviewed the implementation of MGNREGA in two districts from each of the 8 states, out of which it is found that 7 were affected by drought conditions.<br /><br />The report says that the MGNREGA could not be implemented effectively in states that lacked workers' mobilisation as well as administrative support. In Tripura, strong administrative support improved the implementation of MGNREGA considerably, states the report.&nbsp; <br /><br />It finds out how effectively the various rural development related schemes including the MGNREGA have been implemented on the ground in 8 different states of India, namely Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan and Tripura.<br /><br />Among other things, the CRM report says that there is a serious financial crunch in the flow of funds vis-&agrave;-vis demand on the ground and works taken up particularly in Madhya Pradesh and also in states like Rajasthan, Karnataka, Jharkhand and Maharashtra.<br /><br />Delay in payment to suppliers of materials was observed in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, which affected completion of work. In Odisha, problems were detected in the transfer of funds to the account of MGNREGA beneficiaries. The post office system in Maharashtra faced problems in terms of post FTO flow of funds. The report says that the states have raised the issue of rejection or part payment of the fund transfer orders (FTO's) and its inadequate resolution. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify">The CRM report says that the MoRD needs to identify what works in various situations since mechanical introduction of information technology (IT) may not provide the solution in terrains where banking network is sparse, banking correspondent (BC) system is inadequate and post-office system is unsatisfactory.<br /><br />Thanks to <em>Shrama Shakti Sanghas</em> or groups comprising MGNREGA workers, work was provided as per demand and an adequate shelf of works was maintained in Andhra Pradesh, says the CRM report. However, during the visits the CRM team noted that several Gram Panchayats were not offering work under MGNREGA in Maharashtra. In Madhya Pradesh, information on the shelf of projects was not available in any of the Panchayats visited. Gram Sabha resolutions approving the shelf were not available. <br /><br />In Rajasthan, labour budget was not prepared at the Gram Panchayat-level and no minutes were shown at the Gram Sabha register. In Karnataka approved shelf of project was found to be approximately 150 percent of job demand. <br /><br />The CRM report says that Tripura performed extraordinarily as compared to other states in terms of physical and financial achievements. It achieved 5.38 crore person days (average 94 person days) of employment, spending Rs. 940 crores (70 percent) on wages and Rs. 398 crores (30 percent) on materials and Rs. 55 crores on administrative expenditure.<br /><br />Lacunae in planning for NREGS works was observed in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra by the report.<br /><br />The provision of worksite facilities varied across the states. Non-availability of cr&egrave;ches at work site was a common phenomenon, finds the report.<br /><br />It says that the awareness among workers about their rights to a job card and demand work varied across worksites, blocks, districts and states. In Maharashtra, low demand for MGNREGS was observed. The participation of women in the programmes was found to be low, even in tribal dominated blocks. <br /><br />The CRM report says that in Rajasthan, workers' awareness on entitlements like checking muster roll, measurement details and late payment compensation was negligible. In Madhya Pradesh, workers were found not to be aware of their rights to guaranteed work. The CRM team could not find a system of written demand for work and its receipt in that state.<br /><br />The CRM report says that the transparency and accountability provisions under MGNREGA were not effectively implemented across the 8 states reviewed. Most social audits conducted in states were insufficient in completing the accountability loop. There was inadequate effective grievance redressal and complaints mechanism at the state-level. In most states, the CRM report noted that the positions of ombudspersons were lying vacant. Their training, role clarity and work environment were areas of concern, says the report.<br /><br />Although convergence of schemes was observed in the states of Odisha, Tripura, Karnataka, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh, the report has recommended for the need to plan better for convergence in Maharashtra. The report has noted three issues concerning convergence: (a) Interdepartmental convergence was limited only to technical support, and interdepartmental scheme planning and financial convergence is yet to gather momentum; (b) Capacity building needs to be improved; and (c) At the cutting edge level, beneficiaries are yet to enjoy the convergent delivery of a basket of services.<br /><br />It should be mentioned here that the CRM report, which was released on 3rd June this year, covers 5 rural development schemes i.e. MGNREGA, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana &ndash; Gramin (PMAY-G), Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana &ndash; National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) and National Social Assistance Programmes (NSAP). <br /><br />Shortly after the CRM report, another report from MoRD has been released on 27 June entitled <em>MGNREGA: Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 15-16 and FY 16-17)</em>. (Please <a href="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf" title="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf">click here</a> to access the report).<br /><br />In the introduction, the report has provided a list of major challenges experienced in the implementation of MGNREGA, which are as follows:<br /><br />&bull; Unrealistic and improper planning at the Gram Panchayat-level. <br /><br />&bull; Delays in wage payment.<br /><br />&bull; Fund constraints<br /><br />&bull; Quality, durability and usefulness of assets can be questioned. <br /><br />&bull; Low awareness of the programme and less public participation. <br /><br />&bull; Lack of outcome based monitoring.<br /><br />&bull; Poor maintenance of records.<br /><br />&bull; Inadequate coverage of persons with disabilities (PwDs) and of women in some states. <br /><br />&bull; Non-compliance with transparency and accountability provisions.<br /><br />&bull; Lack of ICT infrastructure.<br /><br />&bull; Inadequate capacity of functionaries.<br /><br />&bull; Lack of adequate number of technical staff.<br /><br />The key findings of the report entitled <em>Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 2015-16 and FY 2016-17)</em> are as follows: <br /><br />&bull; In the financial year 2015-16, 235.6 crore person days of wage employment was generated (against labour budget for 239.1 crore person days of employment), which was the highest in the last 5 years. <br /><br />&bull; Although 5.35 crore households demanded employment, only 4.82 crore households got employment under MGNREGA in 2015-16. It means that 9.9 percent of households were not provided employment under MGNREGA despite making demand. <br /><br />&bull; The average person days of employment per household in 2015-16 stood at 49 days, which was the highest in the past 3 years.<br /><br />&bull; Nearly 48.5 lakh households were provided at least 100 days of employment in 2015-16. Put simply, only 10.1 percent of all households in the country got at least 100 days of employment in that financial year.<br /><br />&bull; In drought affected states, 28.35 lakh households were provided more than 100 days of employment in 2015-16. In other words, only 5.9 percent of all households in drought affected states got more than 100 days of employment (provided drought is notified in a state or if a state has given additional days of employment). <br /><br />&bull; The average wage per person day during 2015-16 stood at Rs. 154.<br /><br />&bull; Rs. 43,848 crore was spent on MGNREGA in 2015-16, which was the highest since inception of the programme. <br /><br />&bull; Nearly 46.57 lakh hectares area of land benefited from public works relating to natural resources management such as water conservation, watershed management, irrigation, traditional water bodies, afforestation and land development.<br /><br />&bull; Out of the total works taken up under MGNREGA, 42 percent were dedicated for rural infrastructure, 34 percent for individual assets for the vulnerable, 22 percent for natural resources management and just 2 percent for common infrastructure for NRLM compliant self-help groups (SHGs). <br /><br />&bull; Out of the total expenditure on works taken up under MGNREGA, 45 percent was spent on rural infrastructure, 41 percent on natural resources management and 14 percent on individual assets for the vulnerable.<br /><br />&bull; Nearly 85 percent of total number of works started since inception till 31 March 2015 could be completed.<br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to improve productivity of lands benefitted 3.57 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to improve livelihoods benefitted 8.2 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to develop fallow or wastelands benefitted 7.17 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to construct houses benefitted 11.53 lakh households. <br /><br />&bull; MGNREGA works to promote livestock benefitted 3.19 lakh households.<br /><br />&bull; About 10.78 crore accounts of active workers are in banks and post offices; 94 percent of the wages are credited into the accounts of the beneficiaries through an Electronic Fund Management System (EFMS). In 2016-17, over 60 percent payments could be made on time.<br /><br />&bull; MGNREGS is one of the finest examples of the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) initiatives of the Government. <br /><br />&bull; So far Aadhaar numbers have been seeded into NREGASoft database of around 7.05 crore workers and 2.86 crore workers (till the date of publication of the present report under discussion) have started getting their payments through Aadhaar Based Payment Bridge System (ABPS). <br /><br />&bull; There are plans to engage nearly 4000 Barefoot Technicians (BFTs) on the ground during the financial year 2016-17.<br /><br />&bull; The online Management Information System (MIS) portal of NREGS contains real time reports and records for over 6 lakh villages and work &amp; payment details of 13 crore households, 28 crore workers, and around one crore works every year. <br /><br />&bull; In the financial year 2016-17, the states took upon themselves the targets related to farm ponds/ dug wells, vermicompost, Anganwadi Centres (AWCs), Individual Household Latrines (IHHLs) and road side plantations. As such, the states have targeted to construct 8,77,300 lakh farm ponds/ dug wells, 10.39 lakh vermicompost units, 6331 AWCs, 33 lakh IHHLs, and 49,482 kilometres of road side plantations. Besides, there is considerable thrust on individual asset creation like poultry, goatery and cattle sheds, soak pits etc. and various kinds of integrated natural resource management works. <br /><br /><strong>References<br /></strong><br />MGNREGA: Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 15-16 and FY 16-17), Ministry of Rural Development, 27 June, 2016, please <a href="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf" title="http://nrega.nic.in/Netnrega/WriteReaddata/Circulars/MGNREGA_PerformanceReport27June2016.pdf">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Report of First Common Review Mission, Department of Rural Development (Volume-1), Ministry of Rural Development, 3 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Report%20of%20First%20Common%20Review%20Mission%20by%20Department%20of%20Rural%20Development.pdf" title="CRM report">click here</a> to access <br /><br />Report of the Working Group on MGNREGA towards formulation of the 12th Five Year Plan, October 2011, please <a href="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf" title="http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wgrep_mgnrega.pdf">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Centre spends 22% more on MGNREGS in FY16 -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/centre-spends-22-more-on-mgnregs-in-fy16-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4679666.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/centre-spends-22-more-on-mgnregs-in-fy16-sanjeeb-mukherjee-4679666.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Govt unveils report on MGNREGA assets: Ministry of Rural Development, The Indian Express, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/govt-unveils-report-on-mgnrega-assets-ministry-of-rural-development-4679665.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/govt-unveils-report-on-mgnrega-assets-ministry-of-rural-development-4679665.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />What&rsquo;s wrong with MGNREGA? All you want to know -Sandip Das, The Financial Express, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/whats-wrong-with-mgnrega-all-you-want-to-know-sandip-das-4679661.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/whats-wrong-with-mgnrega-all-you-want-to-know-sandip-das-4679661.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Only 49 days of work under MGNREGS a record: Chaudhury Birender Singh -Elizabeth Roche, Livemint.com, 29 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/only-49-days-of-work-under-mgnregs-a-record-chaudhury-birender-singh-elizabeth-roche-4679658.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/only-49-days-of-work-under-mgnregs-a-record-chaudhury-birender-singh-elizabeth-roche-4679658.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />NREGS scores a point in 1st report card with highest spend of Rs 56,000 crore in FY16 -Ruchika Chitravanshi, The Economic Times, 28 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/nregs-scores-a-point-in-1st-report-card-with-highest-spend-of-rs-56000-crore-in-fy16-ruchika-chitravanshi-4679653.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/nregs-scores-a-point-in-1st-report-card-with-highest-spend-of-rs-56000-crore-in-fy16-ruchika-chitravanshi-4679653.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />235 crore person days' work generated by MGNREGA: Government, The Economic Times, 28 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/235-crore-person-days039-work-generated-by-mgnrega-government-4679664.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/235-crore-person-days039-work-generated-by-mgnrega-government-4679664.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Review points to procedural lapses in MGNREGS -Sayantan Bera and Elizabeth Roche, Livemint.com, 20 June, 2016, please <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/review-points-to-procedural-lapses-in-mgnregs-sayantan-bera-and-elizabeth-roche-4679599.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/review-points-to-procedural-lapses-in-mgnregs-sayantan-bera-and-elizabeth-roche-4679599.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Flaws in many rural development plans -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 6 June, 2016, please <a href="http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/flaws-in-many-rural-development-plans-116060500578_1.html" title="http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/flaws-in-many-rural-development-plans-116060500578_1.html">click here</a> to access<br /><br />Ex-post facto approval to additional employment of 50 days over and above 100 days per household under MGNREGA in areas hit by drought or natural calamities, Press Information Bureau, Cabinet, 16 September, 2015,<br /><a href="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943" title="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943">http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943</a><br /><br />Steps taken by the Central Government for relief to farmers in view of deficit monsoon, Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, 14 September, 2015, <a href="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888" title="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888">http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888</a></div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: MKSS Rajasthan</strong><br /></div>                                                           
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Home हिन्दी

Additional days of work available under MGNREGS not taken up in drought hit states

Published on Jun 30, 2016   Modified on Jul 15, 2016

Two back-to-back reports that shed light on the status of MGNREGA implementation in the country, have been released recently from the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD). A review of MGNREGA implementation in 8 different states of India by a team of experts during the month of May this year reveals that in many of the drought affected districts, the Gram Panchayats have no work to offer under the programme. (Please click here to access the report). Although under the Drought Contingency Plan drought affected/ notified districts were supposed to provide for 50 percent extra shelf of works so that unskilled manual workers could get additional 50 days of employment (over and above the 100 days of employment under the NREGS), in reality employment generation in many such districts was found to be low.   A review report prepared by the First Common Review Mission (CRM) under the guidance of Sumit Bose has, therefore, asked for the need to analyse why the provision for 100 days of employment could not get exhausted and detect whether an extra shelf of works was available. The analyses is expected to be done by Cluster Facilitation Teams (CFTs) in drought affected areas. In other words, the report emphasizes on the need to analyse the reasons whether no work under MGNREGS at the Gram Panchayat-level happened due to lack of shelf, lack of demand, lack of awareness or lack of mobilization. It is to be noted that the Report of the Working Group on MGNREGA towards formulation of the 12th Five Year Plan had recommended for a fully dedicated professional support team, to be called Cluster Facilitation Team for MGNREGA to be placed at Village Development Clusters (VDC)-level. That report said that such professionals should be recruited on a contractual basis under the state mission. (Please click here to access the report). The CRM report under discussion, which was prepared by a team of 32 experts (divided into groups of four each to visit 8 states), has reviewed the implementation of MGNREGA in two districts from each of the 8 states, out of which it is found that 7 were affected by drought conditions. The report says that the MGNREGA could not be implemented effectively in states that lacked workers' mobilisation as well as administrative support. In Tripura, strong administrative support improved the implementation of MGNREGA considerably, states the report.  It finds out how effectively the various rural development related schemes including the MGNREGA have been implemented on the ground in 8 different states of India, namely Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan and Tripura. Among other things, the CRM report says that there is a serious financial crunch in the flow of funds vis-à-vis demand on the ground and works taken up particularly in Madhya Pradesh and also in states like Rajasthan, Karnataka, Jharkhand and Maharashtra. Delay in payment to suppliers of materials was observed in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, which affected completion of work. In Odisha, problems were detected in the transfer of funds to the account of MGNREGA beneficiaries. The post office system in Maharashtra faced problems in terms of post FTO flow of funds. The report says that the states have raised the issue of rejection or part payment of the fund transfer orders (FTO's) and its inadequate resolution.   The CRM report says that the MoRD needs to identify what works in various situations since mechanical introduction of information technology (IT) may not provide the solution in terrains where banking network is sparse, banking correspondent (BC) system is inadequate and post-office system is unsatisfactory. Thanks to Shrama Shakti Sanghas or groups comprising MGNREGA workers, work was provided as per demand and an adequate shelf of works was maintained in Andhra Pradesh, says the CRM report. However, during the visits the CRM team noted that several Gram Panchayats were not offering work under MGNREGA in Maharashtra. In Madhya Pradesh, information on the shelf of projects was not available in any of the Panchayats visited. Gram Sabha resolutions approving the shelf were not available. In Rajasthan, labour budget was not prepared at the Gram Panchayat-level and no minutes were shown at the Gram Sabha register. In Karnataka approved shelf of project was found to be approximately 150 percent of job demand. The CRM report says that Tripura performed extraordinarily as compared to other states in terms of physical and financial achievements. It achieved 5.38 crore person days (average 94 person days) of employment, spending Rs. 940 crores (70 percent) on wages and Rs. 398 crores (30 percent) on materials and Rs. 55 crores on administrative expenditure. Lacunae in planning for NREGS works was observed in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra by the report. The provision of worksite facilities varied across the states. Non-availability of crèches at work site was a common phenomenon, finds the report. It says that the awareness among workers about their rights to a job card and demand work varied across worksites, blocks, districts and states. In Maharashtra, low demand for MGNREGS was observed. The participation of women in the programmes was found to be low, even in tribal dominated blocks. The CRM report says that in Rajasthan, workers' awareness on entitlements like checking muster roll, measurement details and late payment compensation was negligible. In Madhya Pradesh, workers were found not to be aware of their rights to guaranteed work. The CRM team could not find a system of written demand for work and its receipt in that state. The CRM report says that the transparency and accountability provisions under MGNREGA were not effectively implemented across the 8 states reviewed. Most social audits conducted in states were insufficient in completing the accountability loop. There was inadequate effective grievance redressal and complaints mechanism at the state-level. In most states, the CRM report noted that the positions of ombudspersons were lying vacant. Their training, role clarity and work environment were areas of concern, says the report. Although convergence of schemes was observed in the states of Odisha, Tripura, Karnataka, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh, the report has recommended for the need to plan better for convergence in Maharashtra. The report has noted three issues concerning convergence: (a) Interdepartmental convergence was limited only to technical support, and interdepartmental scheme planning and financial convergence is yet to gather momentum; (b) Capacity building needs to be improved; and (c) At the cutting edge level, beneficiaries are yet to enjoy the convergent delivery of a basket of services. It should be mentioned here that the CRM report, which was released on 3rd June this year, covers 5 rural development schemes i.e. MGNREGA, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G), Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) and National Social Assistance Programmes (NSAP). Shortly after the CRM report, another report from MoRD has been released on 27 June entitled MGNREGA: Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 15-16 and FY 16-17). (Please click here to access the report). In the introduction, the report has provided a list of major challenges experienced in the implementation of MGNREGA, which are as follows: • Unrealistic and improper planning at the Gram Panchayat-level. • Delays in wage payment. • Fund constraints • Quality, durability and usefulness of assets can be questioned. • Low awareness of the programme and less public participation. • Lack of outcome based monitoring. • Poor maintenance of records. • Inadequate coverage of persons with disabilities (PwDs) and of women in some states. • Non-compliance with transparency and accountability provisions. • Lack of ICT infrastructure. • Inadequate capacity of functionaries. • Lack of adequate number of technical staff. The key findings of the report entitled Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 2015-16 and FY 2016-17) are as follows: • In the financial year 2015-16, 235.6 crore person days of wage employment was generated (against labour budget for 239.1 crore person days of employment), which was the highest in the last 5 years. • Although 5.35 crore households demanded employment, only 4.82 crore households got employment under MGNREGA in 2015-16. It means that 9.9 percent of households were not provided employment under MGNREGA despite making demand. • The average person days of employment per household in 2015-16 stood at 49 days, which was the highest in the past 3 years. • Nearly 48.5 lakh households were provided at least 100 days of employment in 2015-16. Put simply, only 10.1 percent of all households in the country got at least 100 days of employment in that financial year. • In drought affected states, 28.35 lakh households were provided more than 100 days of employment in 2015-16. In other words, only 5.9 percent of all households in drought affected states got more than 100 days of employment (provided drought is notified in a state or if a state has given additional days of employment). • The average wage per person day during 2015-16 stood at Rs. 154. • Rs. 43,848 crore was spent on MGNREGA in 2015-16, which was the highest since inception of the programme. • Nearly 46.57 lakh hectares area of land benefited from public works relating to natural resources management such as water conservation, watershed management, irrigation, traditional water bodies, afforestation and land development. • Out of the total works taken up under MGNREGA, 42 percent were dedicated for rural infrastructure, 34 percent for individual assets for the vulnerable, 22 percent for natural resources management and just 2 percent for common infrastructure for NRLM compliant self-help groups (SHGs). • Out of the total expenditure on works taken up under MGNREGA, 45 percent was spent on rural infrastructure, 41 percent on natural resources management and 14 percent on individual assets for the vulnerable. • Nearly 85 percent of total number of works started since inception till 31 March 2015 could be completed. • MGNREGA works to improve productivity of lands benefitted 3.57 lakh households. • MGNREGA works to improve livelihoods benefitted 8.2 lakh households. • MGNREGA works to develop fallow or wastelands benefitted 7.17 lakh households. • MGNREGA works to construct houses benefitted 11.53 lakh households. • MGNREGA works to promote livestock benefitted 3.19 lakh households. • About 10.78 crore accounts of active workers are in banks and post offices; 94 percent of the wages are credited into the accounts of the beneficiaries through an Electronic Fund Management System (EFMS). In 2016-17, over 60 percent payments could be made on time. • MGNREGS is one of the finest examples of the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) initiatives of the Government. • So far Aadhaar numbers have been seeded into NREGASoft database of around 7.05 crore workers and 2.86 crore workers (till the date of publication of the present report under discussion) have started getting their payments through Aadhaar Based Payment Bridge System (ABPS). • There are plans to engage nearly 4000 Barefoot Technicians (BFTs) on the ground during the financial year 2016-17. • The online Management Information System (MIS) portal of NREGS contains real time reports and records for over 6 lakh villages and work & payment details of 13 crore households, 28 crore workers, and around one crore works every year. • In the financial year 2016-17, the states took upon themselves the targets related to farm ponds/ dug wells, vermicompost, Anganwadi Centres (AWCs), Individual Household Latrines (IHHLs) and road side plantations. As such, the states have targeted to construct 8,77,300 lakh farm ponds/ dug wells, 10.39 lakh vermicompost units, 6331 AWCs, 33 lakh IHHLs, and 49,482 kilometres of road side plantations. Besides, there is considerable thrust on individual asset creation like poultry, goatery and cattle sheds, soak pits etc. and various kinds of integrated natural resource management works. References MGNREGA: Performance, Initiatives and Strategies (FY 15-16 and FY 16-17), Ministry of Rural Development, 27 June, 2016, please click here to access Report of First Common Review Mission, Department of Rural Development (Volume-1), Ministry of Rural Development, 3 June, 2016, please click here to access Report of the Working Group on MGNREGA towards formulation of the 12th Five Year Plan, October 2011, please click here to access Centre spends 22% more on MGNREGS in FY16 -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 29 June, 2016, please click here to access Govt unveils report on MGNREGA assets: Ministry of Rural Development, The Indian Express, 29 June, 2016, please click here to access What’s wrong with MGNREGA? All you want to know -Sandip Das, The Financial Express, 29 June, 2016, please click here to access Only 49 days of work under MGNREGS a record: Chaudhury Birender Singh -Elizabeth Roche, Livemint.com, 29 June, 2016, please click here to access NREGS scores a point in 1st report card with highest spend of Rs 56,000 crore in FY16 -Ruchika Chitravanshi, The Economic Times, 28 June, 2016, please click here to access 235 crore person days' work generated by MGNREGA: Government, The Economic Times, 28 June, 2016, please click here to access Review points to procedural lapses in MGNREGS -Sayantan Bera and Elizabeth Roche, Livemint.com, 20 June, 2016, please click here to access Flaws in many rural development plans -Sanjeeb Mukherjee, Business Standard, 6 June, 2016, please click here to access Ex-post facto approval to additional employment of 50 days over and above 100 days per household under MGNREGA in areas hit by drought or natural calamities, Press Information Bureau, Cabinet, 16 September, 2015, http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126943 Steps taken by the Central Government for relief to farmers in view of deficit monsoon, Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, 14 September, 2015, http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=126888   Image Courtesy: MKSS Rajasthan

Tagged with: Employment mgnrega MGNREGS Livelihood Security Asset Creation NREGA Wages Wages Delayed Payment Livelihood Management Information System (MIS) MIS

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