Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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        NEWS ALERTS | Inequality in access to sanitation continues    </title>
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There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million..."/>
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There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million..." />
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                            <br /><div align="justify">There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million Indians no more defecate in the open.<br /><br />The bad news, however, is that the progress in &lsquo;population not practising open defecation&rsquo; among the poorest has been slower during the last 20 years. <br /><br />Entitled <em>Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment</em>, the report says that India is among 16 countries, which have reduced open defecation rates by at least a quarter between 1990 and 2015. However, there exists a large gap in access to improved sanitation between the richest and poorest 20 percent of population in terms of wealth distribution. The gaps in access between the richest and poorest wealth quintiles are generally smaller for rural drinking water than for urban sanitation.<br /><br />The country is amongst a few, which succeeded in halving the proportion of the population without improved drinking water in both rural and urban areas since 1995.<br /><br />The report says that India has made moderate progress towards achieving the MDG-7 target of use of an improved sanitation facility. The percentage of urban population using improved sanitation facilities has increased from 49 percent in 1990 to 63 percent in 2015, whereas the percentage of rural population using the same has escalated from 6 percent in 1990 to 28 percent in 2015. The percentage of overall population using improved sanitation facilities has risen from 17 percent in 1990 to 40 percent in 2015.<br /><br />The report reveals that the country has met the MDG-7 target of use of improved drinking water sources. The percentage of urban population using improved drinking water sources has jumped from 89 percent in 1990 to 97 percent in 2015, whereas the percentage of rural population using the same has gone up from 64 percent in 1990 to 93 percent in 2015. Overall the percentage of population using improved drinking water sources has increased from 71 percent in 1990 to 94 percent in 2015.<br /><br />The Baseline Survey &ndash; 2012 report of the Swachh Bharat Mission reveals that percentage of households without toilets in the country is 61.2 percent. Among households with functional toilets, the percentage is 79.5 percent.<br /><br />The maximum percentage of households without toilets is found in Odisha (88.5 percent) and the minimum is found in Kerala (5.3 percent). <br /><br />The maximum percentage of households with functional toilets is found in Goa and Sikkim (100 percent) and minimum is found in Jharkhand (33.7 percent).<br /><br />At the national level, the number of Government schools without toilet stood at 63,944 in 2012. The number of Government schools without toilet ranges from zero in Puducherry to 7,482 in Assam. <br /><br />The number of Government school toilets without water facility stood at 87,652 in 2012. The number of Government school toilets without water facility ranges from zero in Puducherry to 16,788 in Madhya Pradesh. <br /><br />The Swachh Bharat Mission Baseline Survey &ndash; 2012 report shows that the number of private schools in the country without toilet stood at 18,792 in 2012. The number of private schools without toilet ranges from zero in Puducherry, Sikkim and A &amp; N Islands to 6,478 in Assam.<br /><br />At the national level, the number of private school toilets without water facility stood at 10,784 in 2012. The number of private school toilets without water facility ranges from zero in Puducherry, Sikkim and A &amp; N Islands to 1,696 in Madhya Pradesh. <br /><br /><strong>References:<br /></strong><br />Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment, UNICEF and WHO (please <a href="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/177752/1/9789241509145_eng.pdf?ua=1" title="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/177752/1/9789241509145_eng.pdf?ua=1">click here</a> to access)&nbsp; <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-2015-update/en/" title="http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-2015-update/en/">click here</a> to reach the website </div><div align="justify"><br />Swacch Bharat Mission (Gramin) Baseline Survey-2012, please <a href="http://sbm.gov.in/BLS2012/Report/Rpt_AbstractReport.aspx" title="http://sbm.gov.in/BLS2012/Report/Rpt_AbstractReport.aspx">click here</a> to access<br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/odisha-bihar-among-states-with-worst-household-toilet-coverage-vishnu-varma-4676486.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/odisha-bihar-among-states-with-worst-household-toilet-coverage-vishnu-varma-4676486.html">Odisha, Bihar among states with worst household toilet coverage</a> -Vishnu Varma, The Indian Express, 24 June, 2015 <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/toilets-in-schools-month-to-go-for-red-fort-address-private-sector-misses-target-pm-set-p-vaidyanathan-iyer-4676591.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/toilets-in-schools-month-to-go-for-red-fort-address-private-sector-misses-target-pm-set-p-vaidyanathan-iyer-4676591.html">Toilets in schools</a>: Month to go for Red Fort address, private sector misses target PM set -P Vaidyanathan Iyer, The Indian Express, 5 July, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/no-water-walls-in-govt-built-toilets-mp-tribals-use-them-as-stores-m-poornima-4676071.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/no-water-walls-in-govt-built-toilets-mp-tribals-use-them-as-stores-m-poornima-4676071.html">No water, walls in govt-built toilets</a>, MP tribals use them as stores -M Poornima, Hindustan Times, 7 May, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/financing-swachh-bharat-nitya-jacob-4675820.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/financing-swachh-bharat-nitya-jacob-4675820.html">Financing Swachh Bharat</a> -Nitya Jacob, The Hindu Business Line, 10 April, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br />India Matters: <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india-matters-demanding-toilets-all-india-sutapa-deb-4675395.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india-matters-demanding-toilets-all-india-sutapa-deb-4675395.html">Demanding Toilets All India</a> -Sutapa Deb, NDTV, 20 February, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachh%20Bharat%20Abhiyan,%20Prospects%20and%20Challenges.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachh%20Bharat%20Abhiyan,%20Prospects%20and%20Challenges.pdf">Swachh Bharat Abhiyan</a>: Prospects and Challenges -Kanika Kaul, Employment News, 8 November, 2014</div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: Himanshu Joshi</strong></div>                                                           
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        NEWS ALERTS | Inequality in access to sanitation continues    </title>
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There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million..."/>
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There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million..." />
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Inequality in access to sanitation continues</h1>
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		 Published on</span><span class="text-date"> Jul 7, 2015</span>
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                            <br /><div align="justify">There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million Indians no more defecate in the open.<br /><br />The bad news, however, is that the progress in &lsquo;population not practising open defecation&rsquo; among the poorest has been slower during the last 20 years. <br /><br />Entitled <em>Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment</em>, the report says that India is among 16 countries, which have reduced open defecation rates by at least a quarter between 1990 and 2015. However, there exists a large gap in access to improved sanitation between the richest and poorest 20 percent of population in terms of wealth distribution. The gaps in access between the richest and poorest wealth quintiles are generally smaller for rural drinking water than for urban sanitation.<br /><br />The country is amongst a few, which succeeded in halving the proportion of the population without improved drinking water in both rural and urban areas since 1995.<br /><br />The report says that India has made moderate progress towards achieving the MDG-7 target of use of an improved sanitation facility. The percentage of urban population using improved sanitation facilities has increased from 49 percent in 1990 to 63 percent in 2015, whereas the percentage of rural population using the same has escalated from 6 percent in 1990 to 28 percent in 2015. The percentage of overall population using improved sanitation facilities has risen from 17 percent in 1990 to 40 percent in 2015.<br /><br />The report reveals that the country has met the MDG-7 target of use of improved drinking water sources. The percentage of urban population using improved drinking water sources has jumped from 89 percent in 1990 to 97 percent in 2015, whereas the percentage of rural population using the same has gone up from 64 percent in 1990 to 93 percent in 2015. Overall the percentage of population using improved drinking water sources has increased from 71 percent in 1990 to 94 percent in 2015.<br /><br />The Baseline Survey &ndash; 2012 report of the Swachh Bharat Mission reveals that percentage of households without toilets in the country is 61.2 percent. Among households with functional toilets, the percentage is 79.5 percent.<br /><br />The maximum percentage of households without toilets is found in Odisha (88.5 percent) and the minimum is found in Kerala (5.3 percent). <br /><br />The maximum percentage of households with functional toilets is found in Goa and Sikkim (100 percent) and minimum is found in Jharkhand (33.7 percent).<br /><br />At the national level, the number of Government schools without toilet stood at 63,944 in 2012. The number of Government schools without toilet ranges from zero in Puducherry to 7,482 in Assam. <br /><br />The number of Government school toilets without water facility stood at 87,652 in 2012. The number of Government school toilets without water facility ranges from zero in Puducherry to 16,788 in Madhya Pradesh. <br /><br />The Swachh Bharat Mission Baseline Survey &ndash; 2012 report shows that the number of private schools in the country without toilet stood at 18,792 in 2012. The number of private schools without toilet ranges from zero in Puducherry, Sikkim and A &amp; N Islands to 6,478 in Assam.<br /><br />At the national level, the number of private school toilets without water facility stood at 10,784 in 2012. The number of private school toilets without water facility ranges from zero in Puducherry, Sikkim and A &amp; N Islands to 1,696 in Madhya Pradesh. <br /><br /><strong>References:<br /></strong><br />Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment, UNICEF and WHO (please <a href="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/177752/1/9789241509145_eng.pdf?ua=1" title="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/177752/1/9789241509145_eng.pdf?ua=1">click here</a> to access)&nbsp; <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-2015-update/en/" title="http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-2015-update/en/">click here</a> to reach the website </div><div align="justify"><br />Swacch Bharat Mission (Gramin) Baseline Survey-2012, please <a href="http://sbm.gov.in/BLS2012/Report/Rpt_AbstractReport.aspx" title="http://sbm.gov.in/BLS2012/Report/Rpt_AbstractReport.aspx">click here</a> to access<br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/odisha-bihar-among-states-with-worst-household-toilet-coverage-vishnu-varma-4676486.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/odisha-bihar-among-states-with-worst-household-toilet-coverage-vishnu-varma-4676486.html">Odisha, Bihar among states with worst household toilet coverage</a> -Vishnu Varma, The Indian Express, 24 June, 2015 <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/toilets-in-schools-month-to-go-for-red-fort-address-private-sector-misses-target-pm-set-p-vaidyanathan-iyer-4676591.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/toilets-in-schools-month-to-go-for-red-fort-address-private-sector-misses-target-pm-set-p-vaidyanathan-iyer-4676591.html">Toilets in schools</a>: Month to go for Red Fort address, private sector misses target PM set -P Vaidyanathan Iyer, The Indian Express, 5 July, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/no-water-walls-in-govt-built-toilets-mp-tribals-use-them-as-stores-m-poornima-4676071.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/no-water-walls-in-govt-built-toilets-mp-tribals-use-them-as-stores-m-poornima-4676071.html">No water, walls in govt-built toilets</a>, MP tribals use them as stores -M Poornima, Hindustan Times, 7 May, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/financing-swachh-bharat-nitya-jacob-4675820.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/financing-swachh-bharat-nitya-jacob-4675820.html">Financing Swachh Bharat</a> -Nitya Jacob, The Hindu Business Line, 10 April, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br />India Matters: <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india-matters-demanding-toilets-all-india-sutapa-deb-4675395.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india-matters-demanding-toilets-all-india-sutapa-deb-4675395.html">Demanding Toilets All India</a> -Sutapa Deb, NDTV, 20 February, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachh%20Bharat%20Abhiyan,%20Prospects%20and%20Challenges.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachh%20Bharat%20Abhiyan,%20Prospects%20and%20Challenges.pdf">Swachh Bharat Abhiyan</a>: Prospects and Challenges -Kanika Kaul, Employment News, 8 November, 2014</div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: Himanshu Joshi</strong></div>                                                           
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        NEWS ALERTS | Inequality in access to sanitation continues    </title>
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There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million..."/>
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There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million..." />
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Inequality in access to sanitation continues</h1>
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		 Published on</span><span class="text-date"> Jul 7, 2015</span>
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                            <br /><div align="justify">There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million Indians no more defecate in the open.<br /><br />The bad news, however, is that the progress in &lsquo;population not practising open defecation&rsquo; among the poorest has been slower during the last 20 years. <br /><br />Entitled <em>Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment</em>, the report says that India is among 16 countries, which have reduced open defecation rates by at least a quarter between 1990 and 2015. However, there exists a large gap in access to improved sanitation between the richest and poorest 20 percent of population in terms of wealth distribution. The gaps in access between the richest and poorest wealth quintiles are generally smaller for rural drinking water than for urban sanitation.<br /><br />The country is amongst a few, which succeeded in halving the proportion of the population without improved drinking water in both rural and urban areas since 1995.<br /><br />The report says that India has made moderate progress towards achieving the MDG-7 target of use of an improved sanitation facility. The percentage of urban population using improved sanitation facilities has increased from 49 percent in 1990 to 63 percent in 2015, whereas the percentage of rural population using the same has escalated from 6 percent in 1990 to 28 percent in 2015. The percentage of overall population using improved sanitation facilities has risen from 17 percent in 1990 to 40 percent in 2015.<br /><br />The report reveals that the country has met the MDG-7 target of use of improved drinking water sources. The percentage of urban population using improved drinking water sources has jumped from 89 percent in 1990 to 97 percent in 2015, whereas the percentage of rural population using the same has gone up from 64 percent in 1990 to 93 percent in 2015. Overall the percentage of population using improved drinking water sources has increased from 71 percent in 1990 to 94 percent in 2015.<br /><br />The Baseline Survey &ndash; 2012 report of the Swachh Bharat Mission reveals that percentage of households without toilets in the country is 61.2 percent. Among households with functional toilets, the percentage is 79.5 percent.<br /><br />The maximum percentage of households without toilets is found in Odisha (88.5 percent) and the minimum is found in Kerala (5.3 percent). <br /><br />The maximum percentage of households with functional toilets is found in Goa and Sikkim (100 percent) and minimum is found in Jharkhand (33.7 percent).<br /><br />At the national level, the number of Government schools without toilet stood at 63,944 in 2012. The number of Government schools without toilet ranges from zero in Puducherry to 7,482 in Assam. <br /><br />The number of Government school toilets without water facility stood at 87,652 in 2012. The number of Government school toilets without water facility ranges from zero in Puducherry to 16,788 in Madhya Pradesh. <br /><br />The Swachh Bharat Mission Baseline Survey &ndash; 2012 report shows that the number of private schools in the country without toilet stood at 18,792 in 2012. The number of private schools without toilet ranges from zero in Puducherry, Sikkim and A &amp; N Islands to 6,478 in Assam.<br /><br />At the national level, the number of private school toilets without water facility stood at 10,784 in 2012. The number of private school toilets without water facility ranges from zero in Puducherry, Sikkim and A &amp; N Islands to 1,696 in Madhya Pradesh. <br /><br /><strong>References:<br /></strong><br />Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment, UNICEF and WHO (please <a href="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/177752/1/9789241509145_eng.pdf?ua=1" title="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/177752/1/9789241509145_eng.pdf?ua=1">click here</a> to access)&nbsp; <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-2015-update/en/" title="http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-2015-update/en/">click here</a> to reach the website </div><div align="justify"><br />Swacch Bharat Mission (Gramin) Baseline Survey-2012, please <a href="http://sbm.gov.in/BLS2012/Report/Rpt_AbstractReport.aspx" title="http://sbm.gov.in/BLS2012/Report/Rpt_AbstractReport.aspx">click here</a> to access<br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/odisha-bihar-among-states-with-worst-household-toilet-coverage-vishnu-varma-4676486.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/odisha-bihar-among-states-with-worst-household-toilet-coverage-vishnu-varma-4676486.html">Odisha, Bihar among states with worst household toilet coverage</a> -Vishnu Varma, The Indian Express, 24 June, 2015 <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/toilets-in-schools-month-to-go-for-red-fort-address-private-sector-misses-target-pm-set-p-vaidyanathan-iyer-4676591.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/toilets-in-schools-month-to-go-for-red-fort-address-private-sector-misses-target-pm-set-p-vaidyanathan-iyer-4676591.html">Toilets in schools</a>: Month to go for Red Fort address, private sector misses target PM set -P Vaidyanathan Iyer, The Indian Express, 5 July, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/no-water-walls-in-govt-built-toilets-mp-tribals-use-them-as-stores-m-poornima-4676071.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/no-water-walls-in-govt-built-toilets-mp-tribals-use-them-as-stores-m-poornima-4676071.html">No water, walls in govt-built toilets</a>, MP tribals use them as stores -M Poornima, Hindustan Times, 7 May, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/financing-swachh-bharat-nitya-jacob-4675820.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/financing-swachh-bharat-nitya-jacob-4675820.html">Financing Swachh Bharat</a> -Nitya Jacob, The Hindu Business Line, 10 April, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br />India Matters: <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india-matters-demanding-toilets-all-india-sutapa-deb-4675395.html" title="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/india-matters-demanding-toilets-all-india-sutapa-deb-4675395.html">Demanding Toilets All India</a> -Sutapa Deb, NDTV, 20 February, 2015&nbsp; <br /><br /><a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachh%20Bharat%20Abhiyan,%20Prospects%20and%20Challenges.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachh%20Bharat%20Abhiyan,%20Prospects%20and%20Challenges.pdf">Swachh Bharat Abhiyan</a>: Prospects and Challenges -Kanika Kaul, Employment News, 8 November, 2014</div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div><div align="justify"><strong>Image Courtesy: Himanshu Joshi</strong></div>                                                           
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Home हिन्दी

Inequality in access to sanitation continues

Published on Jul 7, 2015   Modified on May 6, 2016

There is some positive news about national progress in sanitation and drinking water. A newly released report from UNICEF and WHO informs us that the country has witnessed 31 percent reduction in open defecation since 1990. This means 394 million Indians no more defecate in the open. The bad news, however, is that the progress in ‘population not practising open defecation’ among the poorest has been slower during the last 20 years. Entitled Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment, the report says that India is among 16 countries, which have reduced open defecation rates by at least a quarter between 1990 and 2015. However, there exists a large gap in access to improved sanitation between the richest and poorest 20 percent of population in terms of wealth distribution. The gaps in access between the richest and poorest wealth quintiles are generally smaller for rural drinking water than for urban sanitation. The country is amongst a few, which succeeded in halving the proportion of the population without improved drinking water in both rural and urban areas since 1995. The report says that India has made moderate progress towards achieving the MDG-7 target of use of an improved sanitation facility. The percentage of urban population using improved sanitation facilities has increased from 49 percent in 1990 to 63 percent in 2015, whereas the percentage of rural population using the same has escalated from 6 percent in 1990 to 28 percent in 2015. The percentage of overall population using improved sanitation facilities has risen from 17 percent in 1990 to 40 percent in 2015. The report reveals that the country has met the MDG-7 target of use of improved drinking water sources. The percentage of urban population using improved drinking water sources has jumped from 89 percent in 1990 to 97 percent in 2015, whereas the percentage of rural population using the same has gone up from 64 percent in 1990 to 93 percent in 2015. Overall the percentage of population using improved drinking water sources has increased from 71 percent in 1990 to 94 percent in 2015. The Baseline Survey – 2012 report of the Swachh Bharat Mission reveals that percentage of households without toilets in the country is 61.2 percent. Among households with functional toilets, the percentage is 79.5 percent. The maximum percentage of households without toilets is found in Odisha (88.5 percent) and the minimum is found in Kerala (5.3 percent). The maximum percentage of households with functional toilets is found in Goa and Sikkim (100 percent) and minimum is found in Jharkhand (33.7 percent). At the national level, the number of Government schools without toilet stood at 63,944 in 2012. The number of Government schools without toilet ranges from zero in Puducherry to 7,482 in Assam. The number of Government school toilets without water facility stood at 87,652 in 2012. The number of Government school toilets without water facility ranges from zero in Puducherry to 16,788 in Madhya Pradesh. The Swachh Bharat Mission Baseline Survey – 2012 report shows that the number of private schools in the country without toilet stood at 18,792 in 2012. The number of private schools without toilet ranges from zero in Puducherry, Sikkim and A & N Islands to 6,478 in Assam. At the national level, the number of private school toilets without water facility stood at 10,784 in 2012. The number of private school toilets without water facility ranges from zero in Puducherry, Sikkim and A & N Islands to 1,696 in Madhya Pradesh. References: Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment, UNICEF and WHO (please click here to access)  Please click here to reach the website Swacch Bharat Mission (Gramin) Baseline Survey-2012, please click here to access Odisha, Bihar among states with worst household toilet coverage -Vishnu Varma, The Indian Express, 24 June, 2015 Toilets in schools: Month to go for Red Fort address, private sector misses target PM set -P Vaidyanathan Iyer, The Indian Express, 5 July, 2015  No water, walls in govt-built toilets, MP tribals use them as stores -M Poornima, Hindustan Times, 7 May, 2015  Financing Swachh Bharat -Nitya Jacob, The Hindu Business Line, 10 April, 2015  India Matters: Demanding Toilets All India -Sutapa Deb, NDTV, 20 February, 2015  Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: Prospects and Challenges -Kanika Kaul, Employment News, 8 November, 2014     Image Courtesy: Himanshu Joshi

Tagged with: Toilets sanitation Open Defecation

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