-The Hindu The trends in employment have not shown any clear and consistent patterns over the years The two important indicators of structural transformation in any economy are rates of growth and changes in the structural composition of output and the workforce. India has experienced fairly consistent changes in the first indicator, especially after the 1991 reforms, but the trend in employment has not revealed any consistent or clear pattern. The growth rate...
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India’s economy and the challenge of informality -R Nagaraj and Radhicka Kapoor
-The Hindu Policy efforts to formalise the economy will have limited results as the bulk of informal units are petty producers Since 2016, the Government has made several efforts to formalise the economy. Currency demonetisation, introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST), digitalisation of financial transactions and enrolment of Informal sector workers on numerous government Internet portals are all meant to encourage the formalisation of the economy. But why the impetus...
More »How the Code on Wages ‘legalises’ bonded labour -Soumya Sivakumar
-The Hindu It allows employers to extend unlimited advances to workers and charge an unspecified interest rate on such loans Debt bondage is a form of slavery that exists when a worker is induced to accept advances on wages, of a size, or at a level of interest, such that the advance will never be repaid. One of India’s hastily-passed Labour Codes — the Code on Wages, 2019 — gives legal sanction...
More »India’s informal economy has not shrunk -Santosh Mehrotra and Kingshuk Sarkar
-The Hindu An SBI Research study’s claim that there is greater formalisation of the economy is unfounded According to a recent State Bank of India (SBI) Research report, the informal economy in India has been shrinking since 2018. Formalisation, the report says, has taken place through the gross value-added (GVA) route, consumption through increased digital payments, and the employment route. Let’s examine each of these. The report claims that the share of the...
More »Don't believe everything they tell you about breakneck formalization -Pramit Bhattacharya
-Livemint.com There is good reason to doubt the reported decline in the Informal sector’s share of Indian GDP A State Bank of India (SBI) report that grabbed headlines recently suggests that India’s Informal sector has shrunk dramatically in recent years. Given that the claim comes from the economic research team of a major state-owned financial institution, it deserves scrutiny. The SBI report examines the likely loss of output or gross domestic product (GDP)...
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