Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 150,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'catslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'index',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 97,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 150,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'catslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 151,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'index',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 97,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 151,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if lt IE 7 ]>
<html class="ie ie6" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 7 ]>
<html class="ie ie7" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 8 ]>
<html class="ie ie8" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
<!--[if (gte IE 9)|!(IE)]><!-->
<html lang='en'>
<!--<![endif]-->
<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    
    <title>
        Farm Crisis | Rural distress    </title>
    <meta name="description" content="&nbsp;

KEY TRENDS 

&nbsp;

&bull; The report&nbsp;entitled&nbsp;Pradhan Mantri&nbsp;Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017) finds that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as..."/>
    <meta name="keywords" content="im4change, corruption, food security, Right To Education, malnutrition, Hunger, Health, MNREGA"/>
    <meta name="news_keywords" content="im4change, corruption, food security, Right To Education, malnutrition, Hunger, Health, MNREGA">
   
    <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="ROR" href="/ror.xml"/>
    <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS 2.0" href="/feeds/"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/bootstrap.min.css?1697864993"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css?v=1.1.2"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style-inner.css?1577045210"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" id="Oswald-css"
          href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Oswald%3Aregular%2C700&amp;ver=3.8.1" type="text/css"
          media="all">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery.modal.min.css?1578285302"/>    <script src="/js/jquery-1.10.2.js?1575549704"></script>    <script src="/js/jquery-migrate.min.js?1575549704"></script>    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" title="Favicon">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery-ui.css?1580720609"/>    <script src="/js/jquery-ui.js?1575549704"></script>    <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/custom.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery.modal.min.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery-ui.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/li-scroller.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<!-- <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> -->
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style-inner.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">

<link rel='dns-prefetch' href="//im4change.org/css/custom.css" crossorigin >

<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/bootstrap.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.li-scroller.1.0.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.modal.min.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.ui.totop.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-1.10.2.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-migrate.min.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-ui.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/setting.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/tie-scripts.js">
    <!--[if IE]>
    <script type="text/javascript">jQuery(document).ready(function () {
        jQuery(".menu-item").has("ul").children("a").attr("aria-haspopup", "true");
    });</script>
    <![endif]-->
    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
    <script src="/js/html5.js"></script>
    <script src="/js/selectivizr-min.js"></script>
    <![endif]-->
    <!--[if IE 8]>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/css/ie8.css"/>
    <![endif]-->
    <meta property="og:title" content="Farm Crisis | Rural distress" />
     <meta property="og:url" content="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4" />
     <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
     <meta property="og:description" content="&nbsp;

KEY TRENDS 

&nbsp;

&bull; The report&nbsp;entitled&nbsp;Pradhan Mantri&nbsp;Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017) finds that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as..." />
     <meta property="og:image" content="" />
      <meta property="fb:app_id" content="0" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no">

       <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple1.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple2.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple3.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple4.png">

    <style>
    .gsc-results-wrapper-overlay{
        top: 38% !important;
        height: 50% !important;
    }
    .gsc-search-button-v2{
        border-color: #035588 !important;
        background-color: #035588 !important;
    }

   .gsib_a{
        height: 30px !important;
          padding: 2px 8px 1px 6px !important;
    }

   
    .gsc-search-button-v2{
        height: 41px !important;
    }
    input.gsc-input{
        background: none !important;
    }
    @media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
        .gsc-results-wrapper-overlay{
            top: 11% !important;
            width: 87% !important;
            left: 9% !important;
            height: 43% !important;
        }

        .gsc-search-button-v2{
            padding: 10px 10px !important;
        
        }
        .gsc-input-box{
            height: 28px !important;
        }
       /* .gsib_a {
            padding: 0px 9px 4px 9px !important;
        }*/
    }
    @media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) and (max-width: 1920px) {
        table.gsc-search-box{
            width: 15% !important;
            float: right !important;
            margin-top: -118px !important;
        }

        .gsc-search-button-v2 {
            
            padding: 6px !important;
           
        }
    }


</style>

    <script>
        $(function () {
            $("#accordion").accordion({
                event: "click hoverintent"
            });
        });

        /*
         * hoverIntent | Copyright 2011 Brian Cherne
         * http://cherne.net/brian/resources/jquery.hoverIntent.html
         * modified by the jQuery UI team
         */
        $.event.special.hoverintent = {
            setup: function () {
                $(this).bind("mouseover", jQuery.event.special.hoverintent.handler);
            },
            teardown: function () {
                $(this).unbind("mouseover", jQuery.event.special.hoverintent.handler);
            },
            handler: function (event) {
                var currentX, currentY, timeout,
                    args = arguments,
                    target = $(event.target),
                    previousX = event.pageX,
                    previousY = event.pageY;

                function track(event) {
                    currentX = event.pageX;
                    currentY = event.pageY;
                }
                ;

                function clear() {
                    target
                        .unbind("mousemove", track)
                        .unbind("mouseout", clear);
                    clearTimeout(timeout);
                }

                function handler() {
                    var prop,
                        orig = event;
                    if ((Math.abs(previousX - currentX) +
                        Math.abs(previousY - currentY)) < 7) {
                        clear();
                        event = $.Event("hoverintent");
                        for (prop in orig) {
                            if (!(prop in event)) {
                                event[prop] = orig[prop];
                            }
                        }
                        // Prevent accessing the original event since the new event
                        // is fired asynchronously and the old event is no longer
                        // usable (#6028)
                        delete event.originalEvent;
                        target.trigger(event);
                    } else {
                        previousX = currentX;
                        previousY = currentY;
                        timeout = setTimeout(handler, 100);
                    }
                }

                timeout = setTimeout(handler, 100);
                target.bind({
                    mousemove: track,
                    mouseout: clear
                });
            }
        };
    </script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        var _gaq = _gaq || [];
        _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-472075-3']);
        _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);

        (function () {
            var ga = document.createElement('script');
            ga.type = 'text/javascript';
            ga.async = true;
            ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
            var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
            s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
        })();
    </script>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/custom.css?v=1.16"/>    <script src="/js/jquery.ui.totop.js?1575549704"></script>    <script src="/js/setting.js?1575549704"></script>    <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json">
    <meta name="theme-color" content="#616163" />
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="im4change">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/logo-192x192.png">
</head>
<body id="top" class="home inner blog">
<div class="background-cover"></div>
<div class="wrapper animated">
    <header id="theme-header" class="header_inner" style="position: relative;">
        <div class="logo inner_logo" style="left:20px !important">
                <a title="Home" href="https://im4change.in/">
                    <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo2.jpg?1582080632" class="logo_image" alt="im4change"/>                </a>
        </div>
        <div class="langhindi" style="color: #000;display:none;"
             href="https://im4change.in/">
            <a class="more-link" href="https://im4change.in/">Home</a>
                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/" class="langbutton ">हिन्दी</a>
                    </div>
        <nav class="fade-in animated2" id="main-nav">
            <div class="container">
                <div class="main-menu">
    <ul class="menu" id="menu-main">
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children"
            style="left: -40px;"><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/">Home</a>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item mega-menu menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu menu-item-object-category mega-menu menu-item-has-children parent-list"
            style=" margin-left: -40px;"><a href="#">KNOWLEDGE GATEWAY <span class="sub-indicator"></span>
            </a>
            <div class="mega-menu-block background_menu" style="padding-top:25px;">
                <div class="container">
                    <div class="mega-menu-content">
                                                                   <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Farm Crisis</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Farm Suicides                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/unemployment-30.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Unemployment                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Rural distress                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/migration-34.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Migration                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/key-facts-72.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Key Facts                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/debt-trap-15.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Debt Trap                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Empowerment</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/union-budget-73.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Union Budget And Other Economic Policies                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/forest-and-tribal-rights-61.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Forest and Tribal Rights                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-education-60.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Education                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-food-59.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Food                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/displacement-3279.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Displacement                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-work-mg-nrega-39.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Work (MG-NREGA)                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/gender-3280.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">GENDER                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-information-58.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Information                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/social-audit-48.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Social Audit                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Hunger / HDI</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/poverty-and-inequality-20499.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Poverty and inequality                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Malnutrition                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Public Health                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/education-50.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Education                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hunger-overview-40.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Hunger Overview                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hdi-overview-45.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">HDI Overview                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/pds-ration-food-security-42.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">PDS/ Ration/ Food Security                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/sdgs-113.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">SDGs                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/mid-day-meal-scheme-mdms-53.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Mid Day Meal Scheme (MDMS)                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Environment</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Time Bomb Ticking                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Water and Sanitation                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/environment/impact-on-agriculture-54.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Impact on Agriculture                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Law & Justice</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/social-justice-20500.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Social Justice                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/access-to-justice-47.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Access to Justice                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/human-rights-56.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Human Rights                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Corruption                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/general-insecurity-46.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">General Insecurity                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/disaster-relief-49.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Disaster &amp; Relief                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page "><a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/nceus_reports.php">NCEUS reports</a>
            
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children parent-list ">
            <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/about-us-9.html">About Us <span
                    class="sub-indicator"></span></a>
            <ul class="sub-menu aboutmenu">
                <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page"><a
                        target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/objectives-8.html">Objectives</a>
                </li>
                <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page"><a
                         target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/contactus.php">Contact
                        Us</a></li>
                <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page"><a
                         target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/about-us-9.html">About
                        Us</a></li>
            </ul>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children ">
            <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/fellowships.php" title="Fellowships">Fellowships</a>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children  "><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/media-workshops.php">Workshops</a>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children  "><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/research.php">Research</a></li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children   "><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/links-64">Partners</a></li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children"
            id="menu-item-539"><a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/"
                                  class="langbutton langlinkfont17">हिन्दी</a></li>
    </ul>
</div>            </div>


                        <!--  <div style="float: right;">
                            <script async src="https://cse.google.com/cse.js?cx=18b4f2e0f11bed3dd"></script>
                            <div class="gcse-search"></div>
                        </div> -->
                       
            <div class="search-block" style=" margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 7px;">
                <form method="get" id="searchform" name="searchform"
                      action="https://im4change.in/search"
                      onsubmit="return searchvalidate();">
                    <button class="search-button" type="submit" value="Search"></button>
                    <input type="text" id="s" name="qryStr" value=""
                           onfocus="if (this.value == 'Search...') {this.value = '';}"
                           onblur="if (this.value == '') {this.value = 'Search...';}">
                </form>
            </div>
        </nav>
    </header>
    <div class="container">
        <div id="main-content" class=" main1 container fade-in animated3 sidebar-narrow-left">
            <div class="content-wrap">
                <div class="content" style="width: 900px;min-height: 500px;">
                        
    <div class="background_inner innBack" align="center">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/backgrounders/rural-distress-Himanshu-Jos.jpg"
             alt="Rural distress"
             class="box_shadow mt5"/>
    </div>
    <section class="cat-box recent-box innerCatRecent">
    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Rural distress</h1>
    <a href="JavaScript:void(0);" onclick="return shareArticle(33);">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/email.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/>    </a>

    <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70/print"
       rel="nofollow">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/>
    </a>
</section>
<div class="clear"></div>
<div style="padding-top: 10px;">
    <div class="innerLineHeight">
        <div class="middleContent innerInput farm-crisis">
            <table>
                <tr>
                    <td>
                                                    <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;">
                                <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;">
                                    <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;">
                                        <div class="starlist">
                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#state-of-biofertilizers-and-organic-fertilizers-in-india-released-in-april-2022">State of Biofertilizers and Organic Fertilizers in India (released in April 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#tenant-farmers-study-report-for-andhra-pradesh-implementation-of-crop-cultivator-rights-act-inclusion-in-rythu-bharosa-other-schemes-part-1-released-on-march-8-2022">Tenant Farmers Study Report for Andhra Pradesh: Implementation of Crop Cultivator Rights Act, Inclusion in Rythu Bharosa &amp; other Schemes Part-1 (released on March 8, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#status-of-lsquopm-kisan-samman-nidhirsquo-exclusions-in-telangana-prepared-by-libtech-india-released-on-january-19-2022">Status of &lsquo;PM-KISAN Samman Nidhi&rsquo; exclusions in Telangana, prepared by LibTech India (released on January 19, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#end-line-survey-report-2021-proorganic-ii-developing-a-culture-of-sustainable-consumption-and-lifestyle-in-the-state-of-rajasthan-india-with-a-special-focus-on-organic-consumption-and-production-released-on-5th-july-2021">End Line Survey Report 2021: ProOrganic II -- Developing a Culture of Sustainable Consumption and Lifestyle in the state of Rajasthan, India with a Special Focus on Organic Consumption and Production (released on 5th July, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=3#sustainable-agriculture-in-india-2021-what-we-know-and-how-to-scale-up-released-in-april-2021">Sustainable Agriculture in India 2021: What We Know and How to Scale Up (released in April 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045-released-on-30th-march-2021">A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045 (released on 30th March, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#price-rise-of-essential-commodities-causes-and-effects-standing-committee-on-food-consumer-affairs-and-public-distribution-2020-2021-eleventh-report">Price Rise of Essential Commodities--Causes and Effects, Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution (2020-2021), Eleventh Report</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-release-by-people39s-union-for-civil-liberties-pucl-on-farm-laws-dated-4th-december-2020">Press release by People&#39;s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) on farm laws dated 4th December, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#the-farmersrsquo-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-act-2020">The Farmers&rsquo; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion And Facilitation) Act, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#the-farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-act-2020">The Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-statement-by-mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-makaam-dated-30th-september-2020">Press statement by Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) dated 30th September, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-statement-by-right-to-food-campaign-dated-26th-september-2020">Press statement by Right to Food Campaign dated 26th September, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-release-by-indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-dated-23rd-september-2020">Press release by Indian Coordination Committee of Farmers Movements dated 23rd September, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#the-farmers39-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-bill-2020">The Farmers&#39; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-bill-2020">Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#essential-commodities-amendment-bill-2020">Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#a-study-of-the-agricultural-markets-of-bihar-odisha-and-punjab-released-in-2019">A Study of the Agricultural Markets of Bihar, Odisha and Punjab (released in 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#applying-nanotechnology-to-fertilizer-rationales-research-risks-and-regulatory-challenges-published-in-october-2017">Applying Nanotechnology to Fertilizer: Rationales, research, risks and regulatory challenges (published in October, 2017</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#pradhan-mantri-fasal-bima-yojana-an-assessment-from-the-centre-for-science-and-environment-released-on-21-july-2017">Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=5#cag-report-on-performance-audit-of-agriculture-crop-insurance-schemes-report-no-7-of-2017">CAG report on Performance Audit of Agriculture Crop Insurance Schemes (Report no. 7 of 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=6#key-indicators-of-land-and-livestock-holdings-in-india-nss-70th-round-published-in-december-2014">Key Indicators of Land and Livestock Holdings in India, NSS 70th Round (published in December 2014)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=6#state-of-indian-farmers-a-report-2014">State of Indian Farmers: A Report (2014)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#agriculturendashpathways-to-prosperity-in-asia-and-the-pacific">Agriculture&ndash;Pathways to Prosperity in Asia and the Pacific</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#national-commission-for-enterprises-in-the-unorganised-sector-nceus-2007">National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector--NCEUS (2007)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#nagaraj-k-2008-farmersrsquo-suicides-in-india-magnitudes-trends-and-spatial-patterns">Nagaraj K (2008): Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#some-aspects-of-farming-2003-situation-assessment-survey-of-farmers">Some Aspects of Farming, 2003, Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five year Plan</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=8#some-aspects-of-operational-land-holdings-in-india-2002-03">Some Aspects of Operational Land Holdings in India, 2002-03</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#world-development-report-agriculture-for-development-2008">World Development Report: Agriculture for Development 2008</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#agrarian-crisis-and-distress-in-rural-india">Agrarian Crisis and Distress in Rural India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#migration-of-labour-in-india-distress-accumulation-and-policy-lessons">Migration of Labour in India: Distress, Accumulation and Policy Lessons</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#agriculture-sector-study-critical-issues-and-strategic-options">Agriculture Sector Study: Critical Issues and Strategic Options</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#the-dragon-and-the-elephant-agricultural-and-rural-reforms-in-china-and-india">The Dragon and the Elephant: Agricultural and Rural Reforms in China and India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
                                                                                    </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                                                    <div>
                            </p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045.html">here</a> and <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/A%20Long%20Food%20Movement%20Transforming%20Food%20Systems%20by%202045.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/A%20Long%20Food%20Movement%20Transforming%20Food%20Systems%20by%202045.pdf">here</a> to access the main findings of the report titled <a name="a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045-released-on-30th-march-2021">A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045 (released on 30th March, 2021)</a> by International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems (IPES-Food) and ETC Group.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Price%20Rise%20of%20Essential%20Commodities%20Causes%20andd%20Effects%20Standing%20Committee%20on%20Food%20Consumer%20Affairs%20and%20Public%20Distribution%202020-2021.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Price%20Rise%20of%20Essential%20Commodities%20Causes%20andd%20Effects%20Standing%20Committee%20on%20Food%20Consumer%20Affairs%20and%20Public%20Distribution%202020-2021.pdf">click here</a> to access the report entitled <a name="price-rise-of-essential-commodities-causes-and-effects-standing-committee-on-food-consumer-affairs-and-public-distribution-2020-2021-eleventh-report">Price Rise of Essential Commodities--Causes and Effects, Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution (2020-2021), Eleventh Report</a>, Presented to the Lok Sabha on 19th March, 2021. Laid in the Rajya Sabha on 19th March, 2021, 17th Lok Sabha. The Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution, which had members from 13 parties including BJP, Congress, TMC, AAP, NCP and Shiv Sena, asked the Government to implement the Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020 in &ldquo;letter and spirit.&rdquo;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/pucl-demands-repealing-of-the-anti-farmer-legislations.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/pucl-demands-repealing-of-the-anti-farmer-legislations.html">click here</a> to access the <a name="press-release-by-people39s-union-for-civil-liberties-pucl-on-farm-laws-dated-4th-december-2020">Press release by People&#39;s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) on farm laws dated 4th December, 2020</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%E2%80%99%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20And%20Facilitation%20Act%202020%281%29.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%E2%80%99%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20And%20Facilitation%20Act%202020%281%29.pdf">click here</a> to access <a name="the-farmersrsquo-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-act-2020">The Farmers&rsquo; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion And Facilitation) Act, 2020</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20%26%20Protection%20Agreement%20of%20Price%20Assurance%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Act%202020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20%26%20Protection%20Agreement%20of%20Price%20Assurance%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Act%202020.pdf">click here</a> to access <a name="the-farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-act-2020">The Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-opposes-the-passage-of-3-farm-bills.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-opposes-the-passage-of-3-farm-bills.html">here</a> and <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Press%20statement%20by%20MAKAAM%2030%20Sep%202020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Press%20statement%20by%20MAKAAM%2030%20Sep%202020.pdf">here</a> to read the <a name="press-statement-by-mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-makaam-dated-30th-september-2020">Press statement by Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) dated 30th September, 2020</a> on why it is opposing the unilateral and undemocratic passage of the three farm-related bills in the parliament, which subsequently received Presidential assent.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/right-to-food-campaign-opposes-all-these-three-farm-bills-passed-by-the-parliament.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/right-to-food-campaign-opposes-all-these-three-farm-bills-passed-by-the-parliament.html">here</a> and <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/RTFc%20Statement%20on%203%20Farm%20Bills%20dated%2026%20Sep%202020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/RTFc%20Statement%20on%203%20Farm%20Bills%20dated%2026%20Sep%202020.pdf">here</a> to read the <a name="press-statement-by-right-to-food-campaign-dated-26th-september-2020">Press statement by Right to Food Campaign dated 26th September, 2020</a> on why it opposes all the three farm bills passed by the Parliament.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-led-by-yudhvir-singh-calls-for-a-nationwide-bandh-on-25th-sep-2020.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-led-by-yudhvir-singh-calls-for-a-nationwide-bandh-on-25th-sep-2020.html">here</a> to read the <a name="press-release-by-indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-dated-23rd-september-2020">Press release by Indian Coordination Committee of Farmers Movements dated 23rd September, 2020</a> on why it opposes all the three farm bills proposed by the Government.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief-Note-on-the-The-Farmers-Produce-Trade-and-Commerce-Promotion-and-Facilitation-Bill-2020-or-THE-APMC-BYPASS-BILL-2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief-Note-on-the-The-Farmers-Produce-Trade-and-Commerce-Promotion-and-Facilitation-Bill-2020-or-THE-APMC-BYPASS-BILL-2020.pdf" target="_blank">click here</a> to access the brief note on the <a name="the-farmers39-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-bill-2020">The Farmers&#39; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020</a> or &ldquo;The APMC Bypass Bill 2020, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf">click here</a> to access The Farmers&#39; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief_Note_on_the_Farmers_Empowerment_Protection_Agreement_of_Price_Assurance_and_Farm_Services_Bill_2020_or_the_CONTRACT_FARMING_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief_Note_on_the_Farmers_Empowerment_Protection_Agreement_of_Price_Assurance_and_Farm_Services_Bill_2020_or_the_CONTRACT_FARMING_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank">click here</a> to access the brief note on the <a name="farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-bill-2020">Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020</a> or the Contract Farming Bill 2020, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf">click here</a> to access the Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/docs/ESSENTIAL_COMMODITIES_ACT_AMENDMENT_BILL_2020orFOOD_HOARDING_FREEDOM_FOR_CORPORATES_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="https://www.im4change.org/docs/ESSENTIAL_COMMODITIES_ACT_AMENDMENT_BILL_2020orFOOD_HOARDING_FREEDOM_FOR_CORPORATES_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank">click here</a> to access the brief note on the <a name="essential-commodities-amendment-bill-2020">Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill 2020</a> or &ldquo;Food Hoarding Freedom for Corporates Bill 2020&rdquo;, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf">click here</a> to access the&nbsp;Essential Commodities Act (Amendment) Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="/upload/files/A%20Study%20of%20the%20Agricultural%20Markets%20of%20Bihar%2C%20Odisha%20and%20Punjab.pdf" title="/upload/files/A%20Study%20of%20the%20Agricultural%20Markets%20of%20Bihar%2C%20Odisha%20and%20Punjab.pdf">click here</a> to access the study entitled <a name="a-study-of-the-agricultural-markets-of-bihar-odisha-and-punjab-released-in-2019">A Study of the Agricultural Markets of Bihar, Odisha and Punjab (released in 2019)</a> by Shoumitro Chatterjee, Mekhala Krishnamurthy, Devesh Kapur and Marshall M. Bouton, Center for the Advanced Study of India, University of Pennsylvania: Philadelphia.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>----</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="/upload/files/IATP%202017_10_10_Nanofertilizer_SS_f.pdf" title="/upload/files/IATP%202017_10_10_Nanofertilizer_SS_f.pdf">click here</a> to access the report titled <a name="applying-nanotechnology-to-fertilizer-rationales-research-risks-and-regulatory-challenges-published-in-october-2017">Applying Nanotechnology to Fertilizer: Rationales, research, risks and regulatory challenges (published in October, 2017</a>, which has been prepared by Steve Suppan of Institute for Agriculture &amp; Trade Policy.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The report entitled <a name="pradhan-mantri-fasal-bima-yojana-an-assessment-from-the-centre-for-science-and-environment-released-on-21-july-2017">Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017)</a>, (please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Pradhan-Mantri-Fasal-Bima-Yojana-Report.pdf" title="CSE Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Pradhan-Mantri-Fasal-Bima-Yojana-Report.pdf" title="CSE Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana">click here</a> to access), provides a detailed independent evaluation and analysis of the recently launched crop insurance scheme by the NDA government.<br /><br />The CSE undertook a detailed study to assess the state of implementation of PMFBY, including loopholes and challenges involved in the process. Field visits were made in Haryana, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh to get firsthand understanding of PMFBY implementation during kharif 2016. A round table was also conducted in Delhi with farmer leaders from Rajasthan, Telangana, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh as well as civil society members. Interviews were conducted with stakeholders, including farmers and their representatives, block-, district-, state- and Central-level government officials, and representatives of banks, insurance companies and representatives of Panchayati Raj Institutions. Last, all available data on PMFBY for kharif 2016 was collected and analysed.<br /><br />One of the key conclusions of the report is that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as Bundelkhand and Marathwada, factors like low indemnity levels, low threshold yields, low sum insured and default on loans make PMFBY a poor scheme to safeguard against extreme weather events. CSE&#39;s analysis shows that farmers in these areas might not get any claim even if more than half of their crops are damaged.<br /><br />The Government of India launched the PMFBY in the kharif season of 2016 to help farmers cope with crop losses due to unseasonal and extreme weather. The scheme came into operation from April 1, 2016. It has replaced the National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) and the Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (MNAIS). The Weather-Based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS) remains in place, though its premium rates have been made the same as in PMFBY. A state can decide whether it wants PMFBY or WBCIS or both.<br /><br />The PMFBY has more farmer-friendly provisions than NAIS and MNAIS. It has reduced the burden of premium on farmers significantly and has expanded the coverage of risks. It also promotes use of advanced technologies for accurate estimation of losses and quick payments to farmers.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The key findings of the report entitled Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from CSE are as follows:<br /><br /><strong>The positives</strong><br /><br />&bull; At the all-India level, coverage of agricultural insurance has significantly increased in kharif 2016 compared to kharif 2015. The number of farmers insured reached a little over 4 crore during kharif 2016; during kharif 2015, this number was about 3.09 crore.<br /><br />&bull; The sum insured is now closer to the cost of production than before. On an average, during kharif 2015, the sum insured per hectare of land was about Rs 20,500; during kharif 2016, it had gone up to Rs 34,370. This means that in case of losses, farmers should theoretically get significantly higher compensation than before. However, in some states like Rajasthan, the sum insured remains very low &ndash; about one-third of the cost of production.<br /><br /><strong>The negatives</strong><br /><br />&bull; Gaps in assessment of crop loss: Assessment of crop loss remains a major concern because the sample sizes in each village are not large enough to capture the scale and diversity of crop losses. In many cases, district or block level agricultural department officials do not conduct such sampling on ground and complete the formalities only on paper. CSE also noted other issues such as lack of trained outsourced agencies, huge scope of corruption during implementation as well as non-utilisation of technologies like smart phones and drones to improve the speed and reliability of such sampling.<br /><br />&bull; Inadequate and delayed claim payment: Insurance companies, in many cases, did not investigate losses due to a localised calamity and, therefore, did not pay claims. For kharif 2016, the claim payment to farmers was inordinately delayed &ndash; till April 2017; claims for kharif 2016 were not paid or were partly paid in 14 out of 21 states. Only 32 per cent of the reported claims were paid out by insurance companies, even when in many states the governments had paid their part of premium.<br /><br />&bull; High actuarial premium rates: Insurance companies charged high actuarial premium rates during kharif 2016 &ndash; the all-India rate was approximately 12.6 per cent, which was highest ever. Much higher rates were charged in some states and regions. The average actuarial rate in Gujarat was 20.5 per cent, in Rajasthan 19.9 per cent, and in Maharashtra 18.9 per cent.<br /><br />&bull; Massive profits for insurance companies: CSE&rsquo;s analysis indicates that during kharif 2016, companies made close to Rs 10,000 crore as &lsquo;gross profits&rsquo;.<br /><br />&bull; Coverage only for loanee farmers: PMFBY remains a scheme for loanee farmers &ndash; farmers who take loans from banks are mandatorily required to take insurance. The percentage of non-loanee farmers availing insurance remained less than 5 per cent during kharif 2016 and 2015. Like previous crop insurance schemes, PMFBY fails to cover sharecropper and tenant farmers.<br /><br />&bull; Poor capacity to deliver: There has been no concerted effort by the state government and insurance companies to build awareness of farmers on PMFBY. Insurance companies have failed to set-up infrastructure for proper implementation of PMFBY. There is still no direct linkage between insurance companies and farmers. Insured farmers receive no insurance policy document or receipt.<br /><br />The report has also identified issues like delayed notification by state governments, less number of notified crops than can avail insurance, problem with threshold yield estimation etc. that has diluted the usefulness of PMFBY.<br /><br /><br />                                                                    <br>
                                    <div align="center" class="pagination">
                                        <span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">&laquo; previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span class="current">4</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">5</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">next &raquo;</a></span>                                     </div>
                                                               
                        </div>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
    <br><a href='/experts.php' class='re'>Rural Expert</a><div class="clear"></div>
<div class="clear"></div>
<div class="comment-respond" id="respond">
    <a name="commentbox">&nbsp;</a>
    <h3 class="comment-reply-title" id="reply-title">Write Comments</h3>
    <form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" role="form" action="/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4"><div style="display:none;"><input type="hidden" name="_method" value="POST"/></div>    <form class="comment-form" id="commentform" method="post" action="#commentbox" onSubmit="return validate()"
          name="cmtform">
        <input type="hidden" name="cmttype" value="articlecmt"/>
        <input type="hidden" name="article_id" value="33"/>
        <p class="comment-notes">Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked <span
                    class="required">*</span></p>
                <p class="comment-form-author">
            <label for="commenterName">Name</label>
            <span class="required">*</span>
            <input type="text" aria-required="true" size="30"
                   value=""
                   name="commenterName" id="commenterName" required="true">
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-email">
            <label for="commenterEmail">Email</label> <span class="required">*</span>
            <input aria-required="true" size="30" name="commenterEmail" id="commenterEmail" type="email"
                   value=""
                   required="true">
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-contact">
            <label for="commenterPh">Contact No.</label>
            <input type="text" size="30"
                   value=""
                   name="commenterPh" id="commenterPh">
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-comment">
            <label for="comment">Comment</label>
            <textarea aria-required="true" required="true" rows="8" cols="45" name="comment"
                      id="comment"></textarea>
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-comment">
            <label for="comment">Type the characters you see in the image below <span class="required">*</span><br><img
                        class="captchaImg"
                        src="https://im4change.in/securimage_show_art.php?tk=1841427850" alt="captcha"/>
            </label>
        </p>
        <input type="text" name="vrcode" required="true"/>

        <p class="form-submit" style="width: 200px;">
            <input type="submit" value="Post Comment" id="submit" name="submit">
        </p></form>
</div>
<style>
    .ui-widget-content {
        height: auto !important;
    }
</style>
<div id="share-modal"></div>
<style>
    .middleContent a{
        background-color: rgba(108,172,228,.2);
    }
    .middleContent a:hover{
        background-color: #418fde;
        border-color: #418fde;
        color: #000;
        }
</style>
<script>
    function shareArticle(article_id) {
        var options = {
            modal: true,
            height: 'auto',
            width: 600 + 'px'
        };
        $('#share-modal').html("");
        $('#share-modal').load('https://im4change.in/share_article?article_id=' + article_id).dialog(options).dialog('open');
    }

    function postShare() {
        var param = 'article_id=' + $("#article_id").val();
        param = param + '&y_name=' + $("#y_name").val();
        param = param + '&y_email=' + $("#y_email").val();
        param = param + '&f_name=' + $("#f_name").val();
        param = param + '&f_email=' + $("#f_email").val();
        param = param + '&y_msg=' + $("#y_msg").val();

        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: 'https://im4change.in/post_share_article',
            data: param,
            success: function (response) {
                $('#share-modal').html("Thank You, Your message posted to ");
            }
        });
        return false;
    }
</script>                </div>
            </div>
            <!-- Right Side Section Start -->
<!-- MAP Section START -->
<aside class="sidebar indexMarg">
    <div class="ad-cell">
        <a href="https://im4change.in/statemap.php" title="">
            <img src="https://im4change.in/images/map_new_version.png?1582080666" alt="India State Map" class="indiamap" width="232" height="252"/>        </a>
        <div class="rightmapbox">
            <div id="sideOne" class="docltitle"><a href="https://im4change.in/state-report/india/36" target="_blank">DOCUMENTS/
                    REPORTS</a></div>
            <div id="sideTwo" class="statetitle"><a href="https://im4change.in/states.php"target="_blank">STATE DATA/
                    HDRs.</a></div>
        </div>
        <div class="widget widgePadTop"></div>
    </div>
</aside>
<!-- MAP Section END -->
<aside class="sidebar sidePadbottom">
    <div class="rightsmlbox1" >
        <a href="https://im4change.in/knowledge_gateway" target="_blank" style="color: #035588;
    font-size: 17px;">
            KNOWLEDGE GATEWAY
        </a>
    </div>
    <div class="rightsmlbox1">

        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title">
                <a href="https://im4change.in/newsletter" target="_blank">
                    NEWSLETTER
                </a>
            </p>
        </div>
    </div>
        <div class="rightsmlbox1" style="height: 325px;">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title">
                Interview with Prof. Ravi Srivastava
            </p>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title">
                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/interview-with-prof-ravi-srivastava-on-current-economic-crisis">
                <img width="250" height="200" src="/images/interview_video_home.jpg" alt="Interview with Prof. Ravi Srivastava"/>
                </a>
                <!--
                <iframe width="250" height="200" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/MmaTlntk-wc" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>-->
               
            </p>
            <a href="https://im4change.in/videogallery" class="more-link CatArchalAnch1" target="_blank">
                                More videos
                            </a>
        </div>
    </div>
    
        <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <!--div id="sstory" class="rightboxicons"></div--->
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a href="https://im4change.in/list-success-stories"  target="_blank">Success Stories</a></p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a
                        href="https://im4change.in/interviews"  target="_blank">Interviews</a>
            </p>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a href="https://www.commoncause.in/page.php?id=10" >Donate</a></p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a
        href="https://im4change.in/marquee"
        class="isf_link more-link" title="India Focus?" style="border: 4px solid #fdd922;width: 90%;background-color: #fdd922;text-align: center;color: #000000;font-size:18px"  target="_blank">India Focus</a></p>        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="rightsmlbox1" style="height: 104px !important;">
        <a href="https://im4change.in/quarterly_reports.php" target="_blank">
            Quarterly Reports on Effect of Economic Slowdown on Employment in India (2008 - 2015)
        </a>
    </div>
    
<!--     <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.im4.im4change" target="_blank">
            
        </a></div> -->
    <!-- <section class="cat-box recent-box secMarg">
        <h2 class="cat-box-title">Most Visited</h2>
    </section> -->
    <!-- accordion Starts here -->
    <!-- <div id="accordion" class="accordMarg">
            </div> -->
    <!-- accordion ends here -->
    <!-- Widget Tag Cloud Starts here -->
    <div id="tag_cloud-2" class="widget widget_tag_cloud">
        <section class="cat-box recent-box secMarg">
                <h2 class="cat-box-title">MOST VISITED TAGS</h2>
            </section>
        <div class="widget-top wiPdTp">
           
            <div class="stripe-line"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="widget-container">
            <div class="tagcloud">
                                    <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Agriculture"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Agriculture</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Food Security"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Food Security</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Law and Justice"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Law and Justice</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Health"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Health</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Right to Food"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Right to Food</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Corruption"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Corruption</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=farming"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">farming</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Environment"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Environment</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Right to Information"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Right to Information</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=NREGS"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">NREGS</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Human Rights"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Human Rights</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Governance"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Governance</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PDS"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PDS</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=COVID-19"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">COVID-19</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Land Acquisition"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Land Acquisition</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=mgnrega"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">mgnrega</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Farmers"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Farmers</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=transparency"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">transparency</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Gender"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Gender</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Poverty"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Poverty</a>
                                    
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Farm Laws" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Farm Laws
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Citizenship Amendment Act" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Citizenship Amendment Act
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=CAA NPR NRIC" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">CAA NPR NRIC
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Job Losses" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Job Losses
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Migrant Workers" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Migrant Workers
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Unemployment" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Unemployment
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PMGKAY" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PMGKAY
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PM-KISAN" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PM-KISAN
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PM-CARES" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PM-CARES
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=LFPR" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">LFPR
                </a>
                
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- Widget Tag Cloud Ends here -->
</aside>
<!-- Right Side Section End -->
        </div>
        <section class="cat-box cats-review-box footerSec">
    <h2 class="cat-box-title vSec CatArcha">Video
        Archives</h2>
    <h2 class="cat-box-title CatArchaTitle">Archives</h2>
    <div class="cat-box-content">
        <div class="reviews-cat">
            <div class="CatArchaDiv1">
                <div class="CatArchaDiv2">
                    <ul>
                                                    <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/moving-upstream-luni-fellowship.html"  target="_blank">
                                     Moving Upstream: Luni – Fellowship                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/135-million-indians-exited-multidimensional-poverty-as-per-government-figures-is-that-the-same-as-poverty-reduction.html"  target="_blank">
                                     135 Million Indians Exited “Multidimensional" Poverty as per Government...                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/explainer-why-are-tomato-prices-on-fire.html"  target="_blank">
                                     Explainer: Why are Tomato Prices on Fire?                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/nsso-survey-only-39-1-of-all-households-have-drinking-water-within-dwelling-46-7-of-rural-households-use-firewood-for-cooking.html"  target="_blank">
                                     NSSO Survey: Only 39.1% of all Households have Drinking...                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                    <li class="CatArchalLi1">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57"
                               class="more-link CatArchalAnch1"  target="_blank">
                                More...
                            </a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
                                    <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/I51LYnP8BOk/1.jpg"
                             alt=" Im4Change.org हिंदी वेबसाइट का परिचय. Short Video on im4change.org...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Short-Video-on-im4change-Hindi-website-Inclusive-Media-for-Change"  target="_blank">
                                 Im4Change.org हिंदी वेबसाइट का परिचय. Short Video on im4change.org...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                                        <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/kNqha-SwfIY/1.jpg"
                             alt=" "Session 1: Scope of IDEA and AgriStack" in Exploring...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Session-1- Scope-of-IDEA-and-AgriStack-in-Exploring-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-29-April-2022"  target="_blank">
                                 "Session 1: Scope of IDEA and AgriStack" in Exploring...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                                        <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/6kIVjlgZItk/1.jpg"
                             alt=" "Session 2: Farmer Centric Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Session-2-Farmer-Centric-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-in-Exploring-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-29-April-2022"  target="_blank">
                                 "Session 2: Farmer Centric Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                                        <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/2BeHTu0y7xc/1.jpg"
                             alt=" "Session 3: Future of Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Session-3-Future-of-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-in-Exploring-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-29-April-2022"  target="_blank">
                                 "Session 3: Future of Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                    


                <div class="divWidth">
                    <ul class="divWidthMarg">
                                                    <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Public-Spending-on-Agriculture-in-India-Source-Foundation-for-Agrarian-Studies"
                                   title="Public Spending on Agriculture in India (Source: Foundation for Agrarian Studies)"  target="_blank">
                                     Public Spending on Agriculture in India (Source: Foundation for...</a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Agrarian-Change-Seminar-Protests-against-the-New-Farm-Laws-in-India-by-Prof-Vikas-Rawal-JNU-Source-Journal-Of-Agrarian-Change"
                                   title="Agrarian Change Seminar: 'Protests against the New Farm Laws in India' by Prof. Vikas Rawal, JNU (Source: Journal Of Agrarian Change) "  target="_blank">
                                     Agrarian Change Seminar: 'Protests against the New Farm Laws...</a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Webinar-Ramrao-The-Story-of-India-Farm-Crisis-Source-Azim-Premji-University"
                                   title="Webinar: Ramrao - The Story of India's Farm Crisis (Source: Azim Premji University)"  target="_blank">
                                     Webinar: Ramrao - The Story of India's Farm Crisis...</a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/water-and-agricultural-transformation-in-India"
                                   title="Water and Agricultural Transformation in India: A Symbiotic Relationship (Source: IGIDR)"  target="_blank">
                                     Water and Agricultural Transformation in India: A Symbiotic Relationship...</a>
                            </li>
                                                    <li class="CatArchalLi1">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/videogallery"
                               class="more-link CatArchalAnch1"  target="_blank">
                                More...
                            </a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</section>    </div>
    <div class="clear"></div>
    <!-- Footer option Starts here -->
    <div class="footer-bottom fade-in animated4">
        <div class="container">
            <div class="social-icons icon_flat">
                <p class="SocialMargTop"> Website Developed by <a target="_blank" title="Web Development"
                                                                  class="wot right"
                                                                  href="http://www.ravinderkhurana.com/" rel="nofollow">
                                                                  RAVINDErkHURANA.com</a></p>
            </div>
            <div class="alignleft">
                <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/objectives-8.html"
    class="link"
    title="Objectives">Objectives</a> | <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/about-us-9.html"
    class="link" title="About Us">About Us</a> | <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/media-workshops.php"
    class="ucwords">Workshops</a> | <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/disclaimer/disclaimer-149.html"
    title="Disclaimer">Disclaimer</a>            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- Footer option ends here -->
</div>
<div id="connect">
    <a target="_blank"
       href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4"
       title="Share on Facebook">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/Facebook.png?1582080640" alt="share on Facebook" class="ImgBorder"/>
    </a><br/>
    <a target="_blank"
       href="http://twitter.com/share?text=Im4change&amp;url=https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4"
       title="Share on Twitter">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/twitter.png?1582080632" alt="Twitter" class="ImgBorder"/>    </a>
    <br/>
    <a href="/feeds" title="RSS Feed" target="_blank">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/rss.png?1582080632" alt="RSS" class="ImgBorder"/>
    </a>
    <br/>
    <a class="feedback-link" id="feedbackFormLink" href="#">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/feedback.png?1582080630" alt="Feedback" class="ImgBorder"/>
    </a> <br/>
    <a href="javascript:function iprl5(){var d=document,z=d.createElement('scr'+'ipt'),b=d.body,l=d.location;try{if(!b)throw(0);d.title='(Saving...) '+d.title;z.setAttribute('src',l.protocol+'//www.instapaper.com/j/WKrH3R7ORD5p?u='+encodeURIComponent(l.href)+'&amp;t='+(new Date().getTime()));b.appendChild(z);}catch(e){alert('Please wait until the page has loaded.');}}iprl5();void(0)"
       class="bookmarklet" onclick="return explain_bookmarklet();">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/read-it-later.png?1582080632" alt="Read Later" class="ImgBorder"/>    </a>
</div>
<!-- Feedback form Starts here -->
<div id="feedbackForm" class="overlay_form" class="ImgBorder">
    <h2>Contact Form</h2>
    <div id="contactform1">
        <div id="formleft">
            <form id="submitform" action="/contactus.php" method="post">
                <input type="hidden" name="submitform" value="submitform"/>
                <input type="hidden" name="salt_key" value="a0e0f2c6a0644a70e57ad2c96829709a"/>
                <input type="hidden" name="ref" value="feedback"/>
                <fieldset>
                    <label>Name :</label>
                    <input type="text" name="name" class="tbox" required/>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    <label>Email :</label>
                    <input type="text" name="email" class="tbox" required/>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    <label>Message :</label>
                    <textarea rows="5" cols="20" name="message" required></textarea>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    Please enter security code
                    <div class="clear"></div>
                    <input type="text" name="vrcode" class="tbox"/>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    <input type="submit" class="button" value="Submit"/>
                    &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <a href="#" id="closefeedbakcformLink">Close</a>
                </fieldset>
            </form>
        </div>
        <div class="clearfix"></div>
    </div>
</div>
<div id="donate_popup" class="modal" style="max-width: 800px;">
    <table width="100%" border="1">
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2" align="center">
                <b>Support im4change</b>
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td width="25%" valign="middle">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo2.jpg?1582080632" alt="" width="100%"/>            </td>
            <td style="padding-left:10px;padding-top:10px;">
                <form action="https://im4change.in/donate" method="get">
                    <table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
                        <tr>
                            <td width="33%" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                10
                            </td>
                            <td width="33%" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                100
                            </td>
                            <td width="33%" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                1000
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3">
                                &nbsp;
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td  style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                50
                            </td>
                            <td  style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                500
                            </td>
                            <td  style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                <input type="text" name="price" placeholder="?" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3">
                                &nbsp;
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3" align="right">
                                <input type="button" name="Pay" value="Pay"
                                       style="width: 200px;background-color: rgb(205, 35, 36);color: #ffffff;"/>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    </table>
                </form>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div><script type='text/javascript'>

    /* <![CDATA[ */

    var tievar = {'go_to': 'Go to...'};

    /* ]]> */

</script>
<script src="/js/tie-scripts.js?1575549704"></script><script src="/js/bootstrap.js?1575549704"></script><script src="/js/jquery.modal.min.js?1578284310"></script><script>
    $(document).ready(function() {
        // tell the autocomplete function to get its data from our php script
        $('#s').autocomplete({
            source: "/autocomplete"
        });
    });
</script>
<script src="/vj-main-sw-register.js" async></script>

<script>function init(){var imgDefer=document.getElementsByTagName('img');for(var i=0;i<imgDefer.length;i++){if(imgDefer[i].getAttribute('data-src')){imgDefer[i].setAttribute('src',imgDefer[i].getAttribute('data-src'))}}}
window.onload=init;</script>
</body>
</html>'

}
$maxBufferLength = (int) 8192
$file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php'
$line = (int) 853
$message = 'Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853'
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148]
Code Context
            $response->getStatusCode(),

            ($reasonPhrase ? ' ' . $reasonPhrase : '')

        ));
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if lt IE 7 ]>
<html class="ie ie6" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 7 ]>
<html class="ie ie7" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 8 ]>
<html class="ie ie8" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
<!--[if (gte IE 9)|!(IE)]><!-->
<html lang='en'>
<!--<![endif]-->
<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    
    <title>
        Farm Crisis | Rural distress    </title>
    <meta name="description" content="&nbsp;

KEY TRENDS 

&nbsp;

&bull; The report&nbsp;entitled&nbsp;Pradhan Mantri&nbsp;Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017) finds that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as..."/>
    <meta name="keywords" content="im4change, corruption, food security, Right To Education, malnutrition, Hunger, Health, MNREGA"/>
    <meta name="news_keywords" content="im4change, corruption, food security, Right To Education, malnutrition, Hunger, Health, MNREGA">
   
    <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="ROR" href="/ror.xml"/>
    <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS 2.0" href="/feeds/"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/bootstrap.min.css?1697864993"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css?v=1.1.2"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style-inner.css?1577045210"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" id="Oswald-css"
          href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Oswald%3Aregular%2C700&amp;ver=3.8.1" type="text/css"
          media="all">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery.modal.min.css?1578285302"/>    <script src="/js/jquery-1.10.2.js?1575549704"></script>    <script src="/js/jquery-migrate.min.js?1575549704"></script>    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" title="Favicon">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery-ui.css?1580720609"/>    <script src="/js/jquery-ui.js?1575549704"></script>    <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/custom.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery.modal.min.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery-ui.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/li-scroller.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<!-- <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> -->
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style-inner.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">

<link rel='dns-prefetch' href="//im4change.org/css/custom.css" crossorigin >

<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/bootstrap.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.li-scroller.1.0.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.modal.min.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.ui.totop.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-1.10.2.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-migrate.min.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-ui.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/setting.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/tie-scripts.js">
    <!--[if IE]>
    <script type="text/javascript">jQuery(document).ready(function () {
        jQuery(".menu-item").has("ul").children("a").attr("aria-haspopup", "true");
    });</script>
    <![endif]-->
    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
    <script src="/js/html5.js"></script>
    <script src="/js/selectivizr-min.js"></script>
    <![endif]-->
    <!--[if IE 8]>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/css/ie8.css"/>
    <![endif]-->
    <meta property="og:title" content="Farm Crisis | Rural distress" />
     <meta property="og:url" content="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4" />
     <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
     <meta property="og:description" content="&nbsp;

KEY TRENDS 

&nbsp;

&bull; The report&nbsp;entitled&nbsp;Pradhan Mantri&nbsp;Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017) finds that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as..." />
     <meta property="og:image" content="" />
      <meta property="fb:app_id" content="0" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no">

       <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple1.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple2.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple3.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple4.png">

    <style>
    .gsc-results-wrapper-overlay{
        top: 38% !important;
        height: 50% !important;
    }
    .gsc-search-button-v2{
        border-color: #035588 !important;
        background-color: #035588 !important;
    }

   .gsib_a{
        height: 30px !important;
          padding: 2px 8px 1px 6px !important;
    }

   
    .gsc-search-button-v2{
        height: 41px !important;
    }
    input.gsc-input{
        background: none !important;
    }
    @media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
        .gsc-results-wrapper-overlay{
            top: 11% !important;
            width: 87% !important;
            left: 9% !important;
            height: 43% !important;
        }

        .gsc-search-button-v2{
            padding: 10px 10px !important;
        
        }
        .gsc-input-box{
            height: 28px !important;
        }
       /* .gsib_a {
            padding: 0px 9px 4px 9px !important;
        }*/
    }
    @media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) and (max-width: 1920px) {
        table.gsc-search-box{
            width: 15% !important;
            float: right !important;
            margin-top: -118px !important;
        }

        .gsc-search-button-v2 {
            
            padding: 6px !important;
           
        }
    }


</style>

    <script>
        $(function () {
            $("#accordion").accordion({
                event: "click hoverintent"
            });
        });

        /*
         * hoverIntent | Copyright 2011 Brian Cherne
         * http://cherne.net/brian/resources/jquery.hoverIntent.html
         * modified by the jQuery UI team
         */
        $.event.special.hoverintent = {
            setup: function () {
                $(this).bind("mouseover", jQuery.event.special.hoverintent.handler);
            },
            teardown: function () {
                $(this).unbind("mouseover", jQuery.event.special.hoverintent.handler);
            },
            handler: function (event) {
                var currentX, currentY, timeout,
                    args = arguments,
                    target = $(event.target),
                    previousX = event.pageX,
                    previousY = event.pageY;

                function track(event) {
                    currentX = event.pageX;
                    currentY = event.pageY;
                }
                ;

                function clear() {
                    target
                        .unbind("mousemove", track)
                        .unbind("mouseout", clear);
                    clearTimeout(timeout);
                }

                function handler() {
                    var prop,
                        orig = event;
                    if ((Math.abs(previousX - currentX) +
                        Math.abs(previousY - currentY)) < 7) {
                        clear();
                        event = $.Event("hoverintent");
                        for (prop in orig) {
                            if (!(prop in event)) {
                                event[prop] = orig[prop];
                            }
                        }
                        // Prevent accessing the original event since the new event
                        // is fired asynchronously and the old event is no longer
                        // usable (#6028)
                        delete event.originalEvent;
                        target.trigger(event);
                    } else {
                        previousX = currentX;
                        previousY = currentY;
                        timeout = setTimeout(handler, 100);
                    }
                }

                timeout = setTimeout(handler, 100);
                target.bind({
                    mousemove: track,
                    mouseout: clear
                });
            }
        };
    </script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        var _gaq = _gaq || [];
        _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-472075-3']);
        _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);

        (function () {
            var ga = document.createElement('script');
            ga.type = 'text/javascript';
            ga.async = true;
            ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
            var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
            s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
        })();
    </script>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/custom.css?v=1.16"/>    <script src="/js/jquery.ui.totop.js?1575549704"></script>    <script src="/js/setting.js?1575549704"></script>    <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json">
    <meta name="theme-color" content="#616163" />
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="im4change">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/logo-192x192.png">
</head>
<body id="top" class="home inner blog">
<div class="background-cover"></div>
<div class="wrapper animated">
    <header id="theme-header" class="header_inner" style="position: relative;">
        <div class="logo inner_logo" style="left:20px !important">
                <a title="Home" href="https://im4change.in/">
                    <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo2.jpg?1582080632" class="logo_image" alt="im4change"/>                </a>
        </div>
        <div class="langhindi" style="color: #000;display:none;"
             href="https://im4change.in/">
            <a class="more-link" href="https://im4change.in/">Home</a>
                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/" class="langbutton ">हिन्दी</a>
                    </div>
        <nav class="fade-in animated2" id="main-nav">
            <div class="container">
                <div class="main-menu">
    <ul class="menu" id="menu-main">
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children"
            style="left: -40px;"><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/">Home</a>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item mega-menu menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu menu-item-object-category mega-menu menu-item-has-children parent-list"
            style=" margin-left: -40px;"><a href="#">KNOWLEDGE GATEWAY <span class="sub-indicator"></span>
            </a>
            <div class="mega-menu-block background_menu" style="padding-top:25px;">
                <div class="container">
                    <div class="mega-menu-content">
                                                                   <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Farm Crisis</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Farm Suicides                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/unemployment-30.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Unemployment                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Rural distress                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/migration-34.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Migration                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/key-facts-72.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Key Facts                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/debt-trap-15.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Debt Trap                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Empowerment</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/union-budget-73.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Union Budget And Other Economic Policies                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/forest-and-tribal-rights-61.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Forest and Tribal Rights                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-education-60.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Education                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-food-59.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Food                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/displacement-3279.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Displacement                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-work-mg-nrega-39.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Work (MG-NREGA)                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/gender-3280.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">GENDER                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-information-58.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Information                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/social-audit-48.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Social Audit                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Hunger / HDI</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/poverty-and-inequality-20499.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Poverty and inequality                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Malnutrition                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Public Health                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/education-50.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Education                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hunger-overview-40.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Hunger Overview                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hdi-overview-45.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">HDI Overview                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/pds-ration-food-security-42.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">PDS/ Ration/ Food Security                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/sdgs-113.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">SDGs                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/mid-day-meal-scheme-mdms-53.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Mid Day Meal Scheme (MDMS)                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Environment</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Time Bomb Ticking                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Water and Sanitation                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/environment/impact-on-agriculture-54.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Impact on Agriculture                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Law & Justice</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/social-justice-20500.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Social Justice                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/access-to-justice-47.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Access to Justice                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/human-rights-56.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Human Rights                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Corruption                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/general-insecurity-46.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">General Insecurity                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/disaster-relief-49.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Disaster &amp; Relief                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page "><a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/nceus_reports.php">NCEUS reports</a>
            
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children parent-list ">
            <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/about-us-9.html">About Us <span
                    class="sub-indicator"></span></a>
            <ul class="sub-menu aboutmenu">
                <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page"><a
                        target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/objectives-8.html">Objectives</a>
                </li>
                <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page"><a
                         target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/contactus.php">Contact
                        Us</a></li>
                <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page"><a
                         target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/about-us-9.html">About
                        Us</a></li>
            </ul>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children ">
            <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/fellowships.php" title="Fellowships">Fellowships</a>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children  "><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/media-workshops.php">Workshops</a>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children  "><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/research.php">Research</a></li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children   "><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/links-64">Partners</a></li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children"
            id="menu-item-539"><a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/"
                                  class="langbutton langlinkfont17">हिन्दी</a></li>
    </ul>
</div>            </div>


                        <!--  <div style="float: right;">
                            <script async src="https://cse.google.com/cse.js?cx=18b4f2e0f11bed3dd"></script>
                            <div class="gcse-search"></div>
                        </div> -->
                       
            <div class="search-block" style=" margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 7px;">
                <form method="get" id="searchform" name="searchform"
                      action="https://im4change.in/search"
                      onsubmit="return searchvalidate();">
                    <button class="search-button" type="submit" value="Search"></button>
                    <input type="text" id="s" name="qryStr" value=""
                           onfocus="if (this.value == 'Search...') {this.value = '';}"
                           onblur="if (this.value == '') {this.value = 'Search...';}">
                </form>
            </div>
        </nav>
    </header>
    <div class="container">
        <div id="main-content" class=" main1 container fade-in animated3 sidebar-narrow-left">
            <div class="content-wrap">
                <div class="content" style="width: 900px;min-height: 500px;">
                        
    <div class="background_inner innBack" align="center">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/backgrounders/rural-distress-Himanshu-Jos.jpg"
             alt="Rural distress"
             class="box_shadow mt5"/>
    </div>
    <section class="cat-box recent-box innerCatRecent">
    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Rural distress</h1>
    <a href="JavaScript:void(0);" onclick="return shareArticle(33);">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/email.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/>    </a>

    <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70/print"
       rel="nofollow">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/>
    </a>
</section>
<div class="clear"></div>
<div style="padding-top: 10px;">
    <div class="innerLineHeight">
        <div class="middleContent innerInput farm-crisis">
            <table>
                <tr>
                    <td>
                                                    <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;">
                                <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;">
                                    <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;">
                                        <div class="starlist">
                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#state-of-biofertilizers-and-organic-fertilizers-in-india-released-in-april-2022">State of Biofertilizers and Organic Fertilizers in India (released in April 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#tenant-farmers-study-report-for-andhra-pradesh-implementation-of-crop-cultivator-rights-act-inclusion-in-rythu-bharosa-other-schemes-part-1-released-on-march-8-2022">Tenant Farmers Study Report for Andhra Pradesh: Implementation of Crop Cultivator Rights Act, Inclusion in Rythu Bharosa &amp; other Schemes Part-1 (released on March 8, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#status-of-lsquopm-kisan-samman-nidhirsquo-exclusions-in-telangana-prepared-by-libtech-india-released-on-january-19-2022">Status of &lsquo;PM-KISAN Samman Nidhi&rsquo; exclusions in Telangana, prepared by LibTech India (released on January 19, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#end-line-survey-report-2021-proorganic-ii-developing-a-culture-of-sustainable-consumption-and-lifestyle-in-the-state-of-rajasthan-india-with-a-special-focus-on-organic-consumption-and-production-released-on-5th-july-2021">End Line Survey Report 2021: ProOrganic II -- Developing a Culture of Sustainable Consumption and Lifestyle in the state of Rajasthan, India with a Special Focus on Organic Consumption and Production (released on 5th July, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=3#sustainable-agriculture-in-india-2021-what-we-know-and-how-to-scale-up-released-in-april-2021">Sustainable Agriculture in India 2021: What We Know and How to Scale Up (released in April 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045-released-on-30th-march-2021">A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045 (released on 30th March, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#price-rise-of-essential-commodities-causes-and-effects-standing-committee-on-food-consumer-affairs-and-public-distribution-2020-2021-eleventh-report">Price Rise of Essential Commodities--Causes and Effects, Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution (2020-2021), Eleventh Report</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-release-by-people39s-union-for-civil-liberties-pucl-on-farm-laws-dated-4th-december-2020">Press release by People&#39;s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) on farm laws dated 4th December, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#the-farmersrsquo-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-act-2020">The Farmers&rsquo; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion And Facilitation) Act, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#the-farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-act-2020">The Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-statement-by-mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-makaam-dated-30th-september-2020">Press statement by Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) dated 30th September, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-statement-by-right-to-food-campaign-dated-26th-september-2020">Press statement by Right to Food Campaign dated 26th September, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-release-by-indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-dated-23rd-september-2020">Press release by Indian Coordination Committee of Farmers Movements dated 23rd September, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#the-farmers39-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-bill-2020">The Farmers&#39; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-bill-2020">Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#essential-commodities-amendment-bill-2020">Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#a-study-of-the-agricultural-markets-of-bihar-odisha-and-punjab-released-in-2019">A Study of the Agricultural Markets of Bihar, Odisha and Punjab (released in 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#applying-nanotechnology-to-fertilizer-rationales-research-risks-and-regulatory-challenges-published-in-october-2017">Applying Nanotechnology to Fertilizer: Rationales, research, risks and regulatory challenges (published in October, 2017</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#pradhan-mantri-fasal-bima-yojana-an-assessment-from-the-centre-for-science-and-environment-released-on-21-july-2017">Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=5#cag-report-on-performance-audit-of-agriculture-crop-insurance-schemes-report-no-7-of-2017">CAG report on Performance Audit of Agriculture Crop Insurance Schemes (Report no. 7 of 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=6#key-indicators-of-land-and-livestock-holdings-in-india-nss-70th-round-published-in-december-2014">Key Indicators of Land and Livestock Holdings in India, NSS 70th Round (published in December 2014)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=6#state-of-indian-farmers-a-report-2014">State of Indian Farmers: A Report (2014)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#agriculturendashpathways-to-prosperity-in-asia-and-the-pacific">Agriculture&ndash;Pathways to Prosperity in Asia and the Pacific</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#national-commission-for-enterprises-in-the-unorganised-sector-nceus-2007">National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector--NCEUS (2007)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#nagaraj-k-2008-farmersrsquo-suicides-in-india-magnitudes-trends-and-spatial-patterns">Nagaraj K (2008): Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#some-aspects-of-farming-2003-situation-assessment-survey-of-farmers">Some Aspects of Farming, 2003, Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five year Plan</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=8#some-aspects-of-operational-land-holdings-in-india-2002-03">Some Aspects of Operational Land Holdings in India, 2002-03</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#world-development-report-agriculture-for-development-2008">World Development Report: Agriculture for Development 2008</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#agrarian-crisis-and-distress-in-rural-india">Agrarian Crisis and Distress in Rural India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#migration-of-labour-in-india-distress-accumulation-and-policy-lessons">Migration of Labour in India: Distress, Accumulation and Policy Lessons</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#agriculture-sector-study-critical-issues-and-strategic-options">Agriculture Sector Study: Critical Issues and Strategic Options</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#the-dragon-and-the-elephant-agricultural-and-rural-reforms-in-china-and-india">The Dragon and the Elephant: Agricultural and Rural Reforms in China and India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
                                                                                    </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                                                    <div>
                            </p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045.html">here</a> and <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/A%20Long%20Food%20Movement%20Transforming%20Food%20Systems%20by%202045.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/A%20Long%20Food%20Movement%20Transforming%20Food%20Systems%20by%202045.pdf">here</a> to access the main findings of the report titled <a name="a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045-released-on-30th-march-2021">A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045 (released on 30th March, 2021)</a> by International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems (IPES-Food) and ETC Group.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Price%20Rise%20of%20Essential%20Commodities%20Causes%20andd%20Effects%20Standing%20Committee%20on%20Food%20Consumer%20Affairs%20and%20Public%20Distribution%202020-2021.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Price%20Rise%20of%20Essential%20Commodities%20Causes%20andd%20Effects%20Standing%20Committee%20on%20Food%20Consumer%20Affairs%20and%20Public%20Distribution%202020-2021.pdf">click here</a> to access the report entitled <a name="price-rise-of-essential-commodities-causes-and-effects-standing-committee-on-food-consumer-affairs-and-public-distribution-2020-2021-eleventh-report">Price Rise of Essential Commodities--Causes and Effects, Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution (2020-2021), Eleventh Report</a>, Presented to the Lok Sabha on 19th March, 2021. Laid in the Rajya Sabha on 19th March, 2021, 17th Lok Sabha. The Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution, which had members from 13 parties including BJP, Congress, TMC, AAP, NCP and Shiv Sena, asked the Government to implement the Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020 in &ldquo;letter and spirit.&rdquo;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/pucl-demands-repealing-of-the-anti-farmer-legislations.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/pucl-demands-repealing-of-the-anti-farmer-legislations.html">click here</a> to access the <a name="press-release-by-people39s-union-for-civil-liberties-pucl-on-farm-laws-dated-4th-december-2020">Press release by People&#39;s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) on farm laws dated 4th December, 2020</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%E2%80%99%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20And%20Facilitation%20Act%202020%281%29.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%E2%80%99%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20And%20Facilitation%20Act%202020%281%29.pdf">click here</a> to access <a name="the-farmersrsquo-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-act-2020">The Farmers&rsquo; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion And Facilitation) Act, 2020</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20%26%20Protection%20Agreement%20of%20Price%20Assurance%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Act%202020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20%26%20Protection%20Agreement%20of%20Price%20Assurance%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Act%202020.pdf">click here</a> to access <a name="the-farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-act-2020">The Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-opposes-the-passage-of-3-farm-bills.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-opposes-the-passage-of-3-farm-bills.html">here</a> and <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Press%20statement%20by%20MAKAAM%2030%20Sep%202020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Press%20statement%20by%20MAKAAM%2030%20Sep%202020.pdf">here</a> to read the <a name="press-statement-by-mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-makaam-dated-30th-september-2020">Press statement by Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) dated 30th September, 2020</a> on why it is opposing the unilateral and undemocratic passage of the three farm-related bills in the parliament, which subsequently received Presidential assent.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/right-to-food-campaign-opposes-all-these-three-farm-bills-passed-by-the-parliament.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/right-to-food-campaign-opposes-all-these-three-farm-bills-passed-by-the-parliament.html">here</a> and <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/RTFc%20Statement%20on%203%20Farm%20Bills%20dated%2026%20Sep%202020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/RTFc%20Statement%20on%203%20Farm%20Bills%20dated%2026%20Sep%202020.pdf">here</a> to read the <a name="press-statement-by-right-to-food-campaign-dated-26th-september-2020">Press statement by Right to Food Campaign dated 26th September, 2020</a> on why it opposes all the three farm bills passed by the Parliament.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-led-by-yudhvir-singh-calls-for-a-nationwide-bandh-on-25th-sep-2020.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-led-by-yudhvir-singh-calls-for-a-nationwide-bandh-on-25th-sep-2020.html">here</a> to read the <a name="press-release-by-indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-dated-23rd-september-2020">Press release by Indian Coordination Committee of Farmers Movements dated 23rd September, 2020</a> on why it opposes all the three farm bills proposed by the Government.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief-Note-on-the-The-Farmers-Produce-Trade-and-Commerce-Promotion-and-Facilitation-Bill-2020-or-THE-APMC-BYPASS-BILL-2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief-Note-on-the-The-Farmers-Produce-Trade-and-Commerce-Promotion-and-Facilitation-Bill-2020-or-THE-APMC-BYPASS-BILL-2020.pdf" target="_blank">click here</a> to access the brief note on the <a name="the-farmers39-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-bill-2020">The Farmers&#39; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020</a> or &ldquo;The APMC Bypass Bill 2020, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf">click here</a> to access The Farmers&#39; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief_Note_on_the_Farmers_Empowerment_Protection_Agreement_of_Price_Assurance_and_Farm_Services_Bill_2020_or_the_CONTRACT_FARMING_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief_Note_on_the_Farmers_Empowerment_Protection_Agreement_of_Price_Assurance_and_Farm_Services_Bill_2020_or_the_CONTRACT_FARMING_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank">click here</a> to access the brief note on the <a name="farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-bill-2020">Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020</a> or the Contract Farming Bill 2020, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf">click here</a> to access the Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/docs/ESSENTIAL_COMMODITIES_ACT_AMENDMENT_BILL_2020orFOOD_HOARDING_FREEDOM_FOR_CORPORATES_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="https://www.im4change.org/docs/ESSENTIAL_COMMODITIES_ACT_AMENDMENT_BILL_2020orFOOD_HOARDING_FREEDOM_FOR_CORPORATES_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank">click here</a> to access the brief note on the <a name="essential-commodities-amendment-bill-2020">Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill 2020</a> or &ldquo;Food Hoarding Freedom for Corporates Bill 2020&rdquo;, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf">click here</a> to access the&nbsp;Essential Commodities Act (Amendment) Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="/upload/files/A%20Study%20of%20the%20Agricultural%20Markets%20of%20Bihar%2C%20Odisha%20and%20Punjab.pdf" title="/upload/files/A%20Study%20of%20the%20Agricultural%20Markets%20of%20Bihar%2C%20Odisha%20and%20Punjab.pdf">click here</a> to access the study entitled <a name="a-study-of-the-agricultural-markets-of-bihar-odisha-and-punjab-released-in-2019">A Study of the Agricultural Markets of Bihar, Odisha and Punjab (released in 2019)</a> by Shoumitro Chatterjee, Mekhala Krishnamurthy, Devesh Kapur and Marshall M. Bouton, Center for the Advanced Study of India, University of Pennsylvania: Philadelphia.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>----</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="/upload/files/IATP%202017_10_10_Nanofertilizer_SS_f.pdf" title="/upload/files/IATP%202017_10_10_Nanofertilizer_SS_f.pdf">click here</a> to access the report titled <a name="applying-nanotechnology-to-fertilizer-rationales-research-risks-and-regulatory-challenges-published-in-october-2017">Applying Nanotechnology to Fertilizer: Rationales, research, risks and regulatory challenges (published in October, 2017</a>, which has been prepared by Steve Suppan of Institute for Agriculture &amp; Trade Policy.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The report entitled <a name="pradhan-mantri-fasal-bima-yojana-an-assessment-from-the-centre-for-science-and-environment-released-on-21-july-2017">Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017)</a>, (please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Pradhan-Mantri-Fasal-Bima-Yojana-Report.pdf" title="CSE Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Pradhan-Mantri-Fasal-Bima-Yojana-Report.pdf" title="CSE Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana">click here</a> to access), provides a detailed independent evaluation and analysis of the recently launched crop insurance scheme by the NDA government.<br /><br />The CSE undertook a detailed study to assess the state of implementation of PMFBY, including loopholes and challenges involved in the process. Field visits were made in Haryana, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh to get firsthand understanding of PMFBY implementation during kharif 2016. A round table was also conducted in Delhi with farmer leaders from Rajasthan, Telangana, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh as well as civil society members. Interviews were conducted with stakeholders, including farmers and their representatives, block-, district-, state- and Central-level government officials, and representatives of banks, insurance companies and representatives of Panchayati Raj Institutions. Last, all available data on PMFBY for kharif 2016 was collected and analysed.<br /><br />One of the key conclusions of the report is that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as Bundelkhand and Marathwada, factors like low indemnity levels, low threshold yields, low sum insured and default on loans make PMFBY a poor scheme to safeguard against extreme weather events. CSE&#39;s analysis shows that farmers in these areas might not get any claim even if more than half of their crops are damaged.<br /><br />The Government of India launched the PMFBY in the kharif season of 2016 to help farmers cope with crop losses due to unseasonal and extreme weather. The scheme came into operation from April 1, 2016. It has replaced the National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) and the Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (MNAIS). The Weather-Based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS) remains in place, though its premium rates have been made the same as in PMFBY. A state can decide whether it wants PMFBY or WBCIS or both.<br /><br />The PMFBY has more farmer-friendly provisions than NAIS and MNAIS. It has reduced the burden of premium on farmers significantly and has expanded the coverage of risks. It also promotes use of advanced technologies for accurate estimation of losses and quick payments to farmers.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The key findings of the report entitled Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from CSE are as follows:<br /><br /><strong>The positives</strong><br /><br />&bull; At the all-India level, coverage of agricultural insurance has significantly increased in kharif 2016 compared to kharif 2015. The number of farmers insured reached a little over 4 crore during kharif 2016; during kharif 2015, this number was about 3.09 crore.<br /><br />&bull; The sum insured is now closer to the cost of production than before. On an average, during kharif 2015, the sum insured per hectare of land was about Rs 20,500; during kharif 2016, it had gone up to Rs 34,370. This means that in case of losses, farmers should theoretically get significantly higher compensation than before. However, in some states like Rajasthan, the sum insured remains very low &ndash; about one-third of the cost of production.<br /><br /><strong>The negatives</strong><br /><br />&bull; Gaps in assessment of crop loss: Assessment of crop loss remains a major concern because the sample sizes in each village are not large enough to capture the scale and diversity of crop losses. In many cases, district or block level agricultural department officials do not conduct such sampling on ground and complete the formalities only on paper. CSE also noted other issues such as lack of trained outsourced agencies, huge scope of corruption during implementation as well as non-utilisation of technologies like smart phones and drones to improve the speed and reliability of such sampling.<br /><br />&bull; Inadequate and delayed claim payment: Insurance companies, in many cases, did not investigate losses due to a localised calamity and, therefore, did not pay claims. For kharif 2016, the claim payment to farmers was inordinately delayed &ndash; till April 2017; claims for kharif 2016 were not paid or were partly paid in 14 out of 21 states. Only 32 per cent of the reported claims were paid out by insurance companies, even when in many states the governments had paid their part of premium.<br /><br />&bull; High actuarial premium rates: Insurance companies charged high actuarial premium rates during kharif 2016 &ndash; the all-India rate was approximately 12.6 per cent, which was highest ever. Much higher rates were charged in some states and regions. The average actuarial rate in Gujarat was 20.5 per cent, in Rajasthan 19.9 per cent, and in Maharashtra 18.9 per cent.<br /><br />&bull; Massive profits for insurance companies: CSE&rsquo;s analysis indicates that during kharif 2016, companies made close to Rs 10,000 crore as &lsquo;gross profits&rsquo;.<br /><br />&bull; Coverage only for loanee farmers: PMFBY remains a scheme for loanee farmers &ndash; farmers who take loans from banks are mandatorily required to take insurance. The percentage of non-loanee farmers availing insurance remained less than 5 per cent during kharif 2016 and 2015. Like previous crop insurance schemes, PMFBY fails to cover sharecropper and tenant farmers.<br /><br />&bull; Poor capacity to deliver: There has been no concerted effort by the state government and insurance companies to build awareness of farmers on PMFBY. Insurance companies have failed to set-up infrastructure for proper implementation of PMFBY. There is still no direct linkage between insurance companies and farmers. Insured farmers receive no insurance policy document or receipt.<br /><br />The report has also identified issues like delayed notification by state governments, less number of notified crops than can avail insurance, problem with threshold yield estimation etc. that has diluted the usefulness of PMFBY.<br /><br /><br />                                                                    <br>
                                    <div align="center" class="pagination">
                                        <span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">&laquo; previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span class="current">4</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">5</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">next &raquo;</a></span>                                     </div>
                                                               
                        </div>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
    <br><a href='/experts.php' class='re'>Rural Expert</a><div class="clear"></div>
<div class="clear"></div>
<div class="comment-respond" id="respond">
    <a name="commentbox">&nbsp;</a>
    <h3 class="comment-reply-title" id="reply-title">Write Comments</h3>
    <form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" role="form" action="/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4"><div style="display:none;"><input type="hidden" name="_method" value="POST"/></div>    <form class="comment-form" id="commentform" method="post" action="#commentbox" onSubmit="return validate()"
          name="cmtform">
        <input type="hidden" name="cmttype" value="articlecmt"/>
        <input type="hidden" name="article_id" value="33"/>
        <p class="comment-notes">Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked <span
                    class="required">*</span></p>
                <p class="comment-form-author">
            <label for="commenterName">Name</label>
            <span class="required">*</span>
            <input type="text" aria-required="true" size="30"
                   value=""
                   name="commenterName" id="commenterName" required="true">
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-email">
            <label for="commenterEmail">Email</label> <span class="required">*</span>
            <input aria-required="true" size="30" name="commenterEmail" id="commenterEmail" type="email"
                   value=""
                   required="true">
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-contact">
            <label for="commenterPh">Contact No.</label>
            <input type="text" size="30"
                   value=""
                   name="commenterPh" id="commenterPh">
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-comment">
            <label for="comment">Comment</label>
            <textarea aria-required="true" required="true" rows="8" cols="45" name="comment"
                      id="comment"></textarea>
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-comment">
            <label for="comment">Type the characters you see in the image below <span class="required">*</span><br><img
                        class="captchaImg"
                        src="https://im4change.in/securimage_show_art.php?tk=1841427850" alt="captcha"/>
            </label>
        </p>
        <input type="text" name="vrcode" required="true"/>

        <p class="form-submit" style="width: 200px;">
            <input type="submit" value="Post Comment" id="submit" name="submit">
        </p></form>
</div>
<style>
    .ui-widget-content {
        height: auto !important;
    }
</style>
<div id="share-modal"></div>
<style>
    .middleContent a{
        background-color: rgba(108,172,228,.2);
    }
    .middleContent a:hover{
        background-color: #418fde;
        border-color: #418fde;
        color: #000;
        }
</style>
<script>
    function shareArticle(article_id) {
        var options = {
            modal: true,
            height: 'auto',
            width: 600 + 'px'
        };
        $('#share-modal').html("");
        $('#share-modal').load('https://im4change.in/share_article?article_id=' + article_id).dialog(options).dialog('open');
    }

    function postShare() {
        var param = 'article_id=' + $("#article_id").val();
        param = param + '&y_name=' + $("#y_name").val();
        param = param + '&y_email=' + $("#y_email").val();
        param = param + '&f_name=' + $("#f_name").val();
        param = param + '&f_email=' + $("#f_email").val();
        param = param + '&y_msg=' + $("#y_msg").val();

        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: 'https://im4change.in/post_share_article',
            data: param,
            success: function (response) {
                $('#share-modal').html("Thank You, Your message posted to ");
            }
        });
        return false;
    }
</script>                </div>
            </div>
            <!-- Right Side Section Start -->
<!-- MAP Section START -->
<aside class="sidebar indexMarg">
    <div class="ad-cell">
        <a href="https://im4change.in/statemap.php" title="">
            <img src="https://im4change.in/images/map_new_version.png?1582080666" alt="India State Map" class="indiamap" width="232" height="252"/>        </a>
        <div class="rightmapbox">
            <div id="sideOne" class="docltitle"><a href="https://im4change.in/state-report/india/36" target="_blank">DOCUMENTS/
                    REPORTS</a></div>
            <div id="sideTwo" class="statetitle"><a href="https://im4change.in/states.php"target="_blank">STATE DATA/
                    HDRs.</a></div>
        </div>
        <div class="widget widgePadTop"></div>
    </div>
</aside>
<!-- MAP Section END -->
<aside class="sidebar sidePadbottom">
    <div class="rightsmlbox1" >
        <a href="https://im4change.in/knowledge_gateway" target="_blank" style="color: #035588;
    font-size: 17px;">
            KNOWLEDGE GATEWAY
        </a>
    </div>
    <div class="rightsmlbox1">

        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title">
                <a href="https://im4change.in/newsletter" target="_blank">
                    NEWSLETTER
                </a>
            </p>
        </div>
    </div>
        <div class="rightsmlbox1" style="height: 325px;">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title">
                Interview with Prof. Ravi Srivastava
            </p>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title">
                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/interview-with-prof-ravi-srivastava-on-current-economic-crisis">
                <img width="250" height="200" src="/images/interview_video_home.jpg" alt="Interview with Prof. Ravi Srivastava"/>
                </a>
                <!--
                <iframe width="250" height="200" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/MmaTlntk-wc" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>-->
               
            </p>
            <a href="https://im4change.in/videogallery" class="more-link CatArchalAnch1" target="_blank">
                                More videos
                            </a>
        </div>
    </div>
    
        <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <!--div id="sstory" class="rightboxicons"></div--->
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a href="https://im4change.in/list-success-stories"  target="_blank">Success Stories</a></p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a
                        href="https://im4change.in/interviews"  target="_blank">Interviews</a>
            </p>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a href="https://www.commoncause.in/page.php?id=10" >Donate</a></p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a
        href="https://im4change.in/marquee"
        class="isf_link more-link" title="India Focus?" style="border: 4px solid #fdd922;width: 90%;background-color: #fdd922;text-align: center;color: #000000;font-size:18px"  target="_blank">India Focus</a></p>        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="rightsmlbox1" style="height: 104px !important;">
        <a href="https://im4change.in/quarterly_reports.php" target="_blank">
            Quarterly Reports on Effect of Economic Slowdown on Employment in India (2008 - 2015)
        </a>
    </div>
    
<!--     <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.im4.im4change" target="_blank">
            
        </a></div> -->
    <!-- <section class="cat-box recent-box secMarg">
        <h2 class="cat-box-title">Most Visited</h2>
    </section> -->
    <!-- accordion Starts here -->
    <!-- <div id="accordion" class="accordMarg">
            </div> -->
    <!-- accordion ends here -->
    <!-- Widget Tag Cloud Starts here -->
    <div id="tag_cloud-2" class="widget widget_tag_cloud">
        <section class="cat-box recent-box secMarg">
                <h2 class="cat-box-title">MOST VISITED TAGS</h2>
            </section>
        <div class="widget-top wiPdTp">
           
            <div class="stripe-line"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="widget-container">
            <div class="tagcloud">
                                    <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Agriculture"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Agriculture</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Food Security"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Food Security</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Law and Justice"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Law and Justice</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Health"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Health</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Right to Food"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Right to Food</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Corruption"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Corruption</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=farming"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">farming</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Environment"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Environment</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Right to Information"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Right to Information</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=NREGS"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">NREGS</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Human Rights"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Human Rights</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Governance"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Governance</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PDS"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PDS</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=COVID-19"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">COVID-19</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Land Acquisition"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Land Acquisition</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=mgnrega"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">mgnrega</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Farmers"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Farmers</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=transparency"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">transparency</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Gender"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Gender</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Poverty"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Poverty</a>
                                    
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Farm Laws" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Farm Laws
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Citizenship Amendment Act" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Citizenship Amendment Act
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=CAA NPR NRIC" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">CAA NPR NRIC
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Job Losses" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Job Losses
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Migrant Workers" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Migrant Workers
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Unemployment" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Unemployment
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PMGKAY" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PMGKAY
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PM-KISAN" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PM-KISAN
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PM-CARES" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PM-CARES
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=LFPR" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">LFPR
                </a>
                
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- Widget Tag Cloud Ends here -->
</aside>
<!-- Right Side Section End -->
        </div>
        <section class="cat-box cats-review-box footerSec">
    <h2 class="cat-box-title vSec CatArcha">Video
        Archives</h2>
    <h2 class="cat-box-title CatArchaTitle">Archives</h2>
    <div class="cat-box-content">
        <div class="reviews-cat">
            <div class="CatArchaDiv1">
                <div class="CatArchaDiv2">
                    <ul>
                                                    <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/moving-upstream-luni-fellowship.html"  target="_blank">
                                     Moving Upstream: Luni – Fellowship                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/135-million-indians-exited-multidimensional-poverty-as-per-government-figures-is-that-the-same-as-poverty-reduction.html"  target="_blank">
                                     135 Million Indians Exited “Multidimensional" Poverty as per Government...                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/explainer-why-are-tomato-prices-on-fire.html"  target="_blank">
                                     Explainer: Why are Tomato Prices on Fire?                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/nsso-survey-only-39-1-of-all-households-have-drinking-water-within-dwelling-46-7-of-rural-households-use-firewood-for-cooking.html"  target="_blank">
                                     NSSO Survey: Only 39.1% of all Households have Drinking...                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                    <li class="CatArchalLi1">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57"
                               class="more-link CatArchalAnch1"  target="_blank">
                                More...
                            </a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
                                    <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/I51LYnP8BOk/1.jpg"
                             alt=" Im4Change.org हिंदी वेबसाइट का परिचय. Short Video on im4change.org...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Short-Video-on-im4change-Hindi-website-Inclusive-Media-for-Change"  target="_blank">
                                 Im4Change.org हिंदी वेबसाइट का परिचय. Short Video on im4change.org...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                                        <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/kNqha-SwfIY/1.jpg"
                             alt=" "Session 1: Scope of IDEA and AgriStack" in Exploring...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Session-1- Scope-of-IDEA-and-AgriStack-in-Exploring-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-29-April-2022"  target="_blank">
                                 "Session 1: Scope of IDEA and AgriStack" in Exploring...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                                        <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/6kIVjlgZItk/1.jpg"
                             alt=" "Session 2: Farmer Centric Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Session-2-Farmer-Centric-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-in-Exploring-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-29-April-2022"  target="_blank">
                                 "Session 2: Farmer Centric Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                                        <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/2BeHTu0y7xc/1.jpg"
                             alt=" "Session 3: Future of Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Session-3-Future-of-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-in-Exploring-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-29-April-2022"  target="_blank">
                                 "Session 3: Future of Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                    


                <div class="divWidth">
                    <ul class="divWidthMarg">
                                                    <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Public-Spending-on-Agriculture-in-India-Source-Foundation-for-Agrarian-Studies"
                                   title="Public Spending on Agriculture in India (Source: Foundation for Agrarian Studies)"  target="_blank">
                                     Public Spending on Agriculture in India (Source: Foundation for...</a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Agrarian-Change-Seminar-Protests-against-the-New-Farm-Laws-in-India-by-Prof-Vikas-Rawal-JNU-Source-Journal-Of-Agrarian-Change"
                                   title="Agrarian Change Seminar: 'Protests against the New Farm Laws in India' by Prof. Vikas Rawal, JNU (Source: Journal Of Agrarian Change) "  target="_blank">
                                     Agrarian Change Seminar: 'Protests against the New Farm Laws...</a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Webinar-Ramrao-The-Story-of-India-Farm-Crisis-Source-Azim-Premji-University"
                                   title="Webinar: Ramrao - The Story of India's Farm Crisis (Source: Azim Premji University)"  target="_blank">
                                     Webinar: Ramrao - The Story of India's Farm Crisis...</a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/water-and-agricultural-transformation-in-India"
                                   title="Water and Agricultural Transformation in India: A Symbiotic Relationship (Source: IGIDR)"  target="_blank">
                                     Water and Agricultural Transformation in India: A Symbiotic Relationship...</a>
                            </li>
                                                    <li class="CatArchalLi1">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/videogallery"
                               class="more-link CatArchalAnch1"  target="_blank">
                                More...
                            </a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</section>    </div>
    <div class="clear"></div>
    <!-- Footer option Starts here -->
    <div class="footer-bottom fade-in animated4">
        <div class="container">
            <div class="social-icons icon_flat">
                <p class="SocialMargTop"> Website Developed by <a target="_blank" title="Web Development"
                                                                  class="wot right"
                                                                  href="http://www.ravinderkhurana.com/" rel="nofollow">
                                                                  RAVINDErkHURANA.com</a></p>
            </div>
            <div class="alignleft">
                <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/objectives-8.html"
    class="link"
    title="Objectives">Objectives</a> | <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/about-us-9.html"
    class="link" title="About Us">About Us</a> | <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/media-workshops.php"
    class="ucwords">Workshops</a> | <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/disclaimer/disclaimer-149.html"
    title="Disclaimer">Disclaimer</a>            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- Footer option ends here -->
</div>
<div id="connect">
    <a target="_blank"
       href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4"
       title="Share on Facebook">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/Facebook.png?1582080640" alt="share on Facebook" class="ImgBorder"/>
    </a><br/>
    <a target="_blank"
       href="http://twitter.com/share?text=Im4change&amp;url=https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4"
       title="Share on Twitter">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/twitter.png?1582080632" alt="Twitter" class="ImgBorder"/>    </a>
    <br/>
    <a href="/feeds" title="RSS Feed" target="_blank">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/rss.png?1582080632" alt="RSS" class="ImgBorder"/>
    </a>
    <br/>
    <a class="feedback-link" id="feedbackFormLink" href="#">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/feedback.png?1582080630" alt="Feedback" class="ImgBorder"/>
    </a> <br/>
    <a href="javascript:function iprl5(){var d=document,z=d.createElement('scr'+'ipt'),b=d.body,l=d.location;try{if(!b)throw(0);d.title='(Saving...) '+d.title;z.setAttribute('src',l.protocol+'//www.instapaper.com/j/WKrH3R7ORD5p?u='+encodeURIComponent(l.href)+'&amp;t='+(new Date().getTime()));b.appendChild(z);}catch(e){alert('Please wait until the page has loaded.');}}iprl5();void(0)"
       class="bookmarklet" onclick="return explain_bookmarklet();">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/read-it-later.png?1582080632" alt="Read Later" class="ImgBorder"/>    </a>
</div>
<!-- Feedback form Starts here -->
<div id="feedbackForm" class="overlay_form" class="ImgBorder">
    <h2>Contact Form</h2>
    <div id="contactform1">
        <div id="formleft">
            <form id="submitform" action="/contactus.php" method="post">
                <input type="hidden" name="submitform" value="submitform"/>
                <input type="hidden" name="salt_key" value="a0e0f2c6a0644a70e57ad2c96829709a"/>
                <input type="hidden" name="ref" value="feedback"/>
                <fieldset>
                    <label>Name :</label>
                    <input type="text" name="name" class="tbox" required/>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    <label>Email :</label>
                    <input type="text" name="email" class="tbox" required/>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    <label>Message :</label>
                    <textarea rows="5" cols="20" name="message" required></textarea>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    Please enter security code
                    <div class="clear"></div>
                    <input type="text" name="vrcode" class="tbox"/>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    <input type="submit" class="button" value="Submit"/>
                    &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <a href="#" id="closefeedbakcformLink">Close</a>
                </fieldset>
            </form>
        </div>
        <div class="clearfix"></div>
    </div>
</div>
<div id="donate_popup" class="modal" style="max-width: 800px;">
    <table width="100%" border="1">
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2" align="center">
                <b>Support im4change</b>
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td width="25%" valign="middle">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo2.jpg?1582080632" alt="" width="100%"/>            </td>
            <td style="padding-left:10px;padding-top:10px;">
                <form action="https://im4change.in/donate" method="get">
                    <table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
                        <tr>
                            <td width="33%" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                10
                            </td>
                            <td width="33%" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                100
                            </td>
                            <td width="33%" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                1000
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3">
                                &nbsp;
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td  style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                50
                            </td>
                            <td  style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                500
                            </td>
                            <td  style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                <input type="text" name="price" placeholder="?" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3">
                                &nbsp;
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3" align="right">
                                <input type="button" name="Pay" value="Pay"
                                       style="width: 200px;background-color: rgb(205, 35, 36);color: #ffffff;"/>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    </table>
                </form>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div><script type='text/javascript'>

    /* <![CDATA[ */

    var tievar = {'go_to': 'Go to...'};

    /* ]]> */

</script>
<script src="/js/tie-scripts.js?1575549704"></script><script src="/js/bootstrap.js?1575549704"></script><script src="/js/jquery.modal.min.js?1578284310"></script><script>
    $(document).ready(function() {
        // tell the autocomplete function to get its data from our php script
        $('#s').autocomplete({
            source: "/autocomplete"
        });
    });
</script>
<script src="/vj-main-sw-register.js" async></script>

<script>function init(){var imgDefer=document.getElementsByTagName('img');for(var i=0;i<imgDefer.length;i++){if(imgDefer[i].getAttribute('data-src')){imgDefer[i].setAttribute('src',imgDefer[i].getAttribute('data-src'))}}}
window.onload=init;</script>
</body>
</html>'

}
$reasonPhrase = 'OK'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 54
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181]
Code Context
                    $value

                ), $first);

                $first = false;
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if lt IE 7 ]>
<html class="ie ie6" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 7 ]>
<html class="ie ie7" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 8 ]>
<html class="ie ie8" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
<!--[if (gte IE 9)|!(IE)]><!-->
<html lang='en'>
<!--<![endif]-->
<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    
    <title>
        Farm Crisis | Rural distress    </title>
    <meta name="description" content="&nbsp;

KEY TRENDS 

&nbsp;

&bull; The report&nbsp;entitled&nbsp;Pradhan Mantri&nbsp;Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017) finds that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as..."/>
    <meta name="keywords" content="im4change, corruption, food security, Right To Education, malnutrition, Hunger, Health, MNREGA"/>
    <meta name="news_keywords" content="im4change, corruption, food security, Right To Education, malnutrition, Hunger, Health, MNREGA">
   
    <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="ROR" href="/ror.xml"/>
    <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS 2.0" href="/feeds/"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/bootstrap.min.css?1697864993"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css?v=1.1.2"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style-inner.css?1577045210"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" id="Oswald-css"
          href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Oswald%3Aregular%2C700&amp;ver=3.8.1" type="text/css"
          media="all">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery.modal.min.css?1578285302"/>    <script src="/js/jquery-1.10.2.js?1575549704"></script>    <script src="/js/jquery-migrate.min.js?1575549704"></script>    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" title="Favicon">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery-ui.css?1580720609"/>    <script src="/js/jquery-ui.js?1575549704"></script>    <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/custom.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery.modal.min.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery-ui.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/li-scroller.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">
<!-- <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> -->
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style-inner.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous">

<link rel='dns-prefetch' href="//im4change.org/css/custom.css" crossorigin >

<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/bootstrap.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.li-scroller.1.0.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.modal.min.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.ui.totop.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-1.10.2.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-migrate.min.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-ui.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/setting.js">
<link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/tie-scripts.js">
    <!--[if IE]>
    <script type="text/javascript">jQuery(document).ready(function () {
        jQuery(".menu-item").has("ul").children("a").attr("aria-haspopup", "true");
    });</script>
    <![endif]-->
    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
    <script src="/js/html5.js"></script>
    <script src="/js/selectivizr-min.js"></script>
    <![endif]-->
    <!--[if IE 8]>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/css/ie8.css"/>
    <![endif]-->
    <meta property="og:title" content="Farm Crisis | Rural distress" />
     <meta property="og:url" content="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4" />
     <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
     <meta property="og:description" content="&nbsp;

KEY TRENDS 

&nbsp;

&bull; The report&nbsp;entitled&nbsp;Pradhan Mantri&nbsp;Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017) finds that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as..." />
     <meta property="og:image" content="" />
      <meta property="fb:app_id" content="0" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no">

       <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple1.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple2.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple3.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://im4change.in/images/apple4.png">

    <style>
    .gsc-results-wrapper-overlay{
        top: 38% !important;
        height: 50% !important;
    }
    .gsc-search-button-v2{
        border-color: #035588 !important;
        background-color: #035588 !important;
    }

   .gsib_a{
        height: 30px !important;
          padding: 2px 8px 1px 6px !important;
    }

   
    .gsc-search-button-v2{
        height: 41px !important;
    }
    input.gsc-input{
        background: none !important;
    }
    @media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
        .gsc-results-wrapper-overlay{
            top: 11% !important;
            width: 87% !important;
            left: 9% !important;
            height: 43% !important;
        }

        .gsc-search-button-v2{
            padding: 10px 10px !important;
        
        }
        .gsc-input-box{
            height: 28px !important;
        }
       /* .gsib_a {
            padding: 0px 9px 4px 9px !important;
        }*/
    }
    @media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) and (max-width: 1920px) {
        table.gsc-search-box{
            width: 15% !important;
            float: right !important;
            margin-top: -118px !important;
        }

        .gsc-search-button-v2 {
            
            padding: 6px !important;
           
        }
    }


</style>

    <script>
        $(function () {
            $("#accordion").accordion({
                event: "click hoverintent"
            });
        });

        /*
         * hoverIntent | Copyright 2011 Brian Cherne
         * http://cherne.net/brian/resources/jquery.hoverIntent.html
         * modified by the jQuery UI team
         */
        $.event.special.hoverintent = {
            setup: function () {
                $(this).bind("mouseover", jQuery.event.special.hoverintent.handler);
            },
            teardown: function () {
                $(this).unbind("mouseover", jQuery.event.special.hoverintent.handler);
            },
            handler: function (event) {
                var currentX, currentY, timeout,
                    args = arguments,
                    target = $(event.target),
                    previousX = event.pageX,
                    previousY = event.pageY;

                function track(event) {
                    currentX = event.pageX;
                    currentY = event.pageY;
                }
                ;

                function clear() {
                    target
                        .unbind("mousemove", track)
                        .unbind("mouseout", clear);
                    clearTimeout(timeout);
                }

                function handler() {
                    var prop,
                        orig = event;
                    if ((Math.abs(previousX - currentX) +
                        Math.abs(previousY - currentY)) < 7) {
                        clear();
                        event = $.Event("hoverintent");
                        for (prop in orig) {
                            if (!(prop in event)) {
                                event[prop] = orig[prop];
                            }
                        }
                        // Prevent accessing the original event since the new event
                        // is fired asynchronously and the old event is no longer
                        // usable (#6028)
                        delete event.originalEvent;
                        target.trigger(event);
                    } else {
                        previousX = currentX;
                        previousY = currentY;
                        timeout = setTimeout(handler, 100);
                    }
                }

                timeout = setTimeout(handler, 100);
                target.bind({
                    mousemove: track,
                    mouseout: clear
                });
            }
        };
    </script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        var _gaq = _gaq || [];
        _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-472075-3']);
        _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);

        (function () {
            var ga = document.createElement('script');
            ga.type = 'text/javascript';
            ga.async = true;
            ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
            var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
            s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
        })();
    </script>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/custom.css?v=1.16"/>    <script src="/js/jquery.ui.totop.js?1575549704"></script>    <script src="/js/setting.js?1575549704"></script>    <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json">
    <meta name="theme-color" content="#616163" />
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="im4change">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/logo-192x192.png">
</head>
<body id="top" class="home inner blog">
<div class="background-cover"></div>
<div class="wrapper animated">
    <header id="theme-header" class="header_inner" style="position: relative;">
        <div class="logo inner_logo" style="left:20px !important">
                <a title="Home" href="https://im4change.in/">
                    <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo2.jpg?1582080632" class="logo_image" alt="im4change"/>                </a>
        </div>
        <div class="langhindi" style="color: #000;display:none;"
             href="https://im4change.in/">
            <a class="more-link" href="https://im4change.in/">Home</a>
                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/" class="langbutton ">हिन्दी</a>
                    </div>
        <nav class="fade-in animated2" id="main-nav">
            <div class="container">
                <div class="main-menu">
    <ul class="menu" id="menu-main">
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children"
            style="left: -40px;"><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/">Home</a>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item mega-menu menu-item-type-taxonomy mega-menu menu-item-object-category mega-menu menu-item-has-children parent-list"
            style=" margin-left: -40px;"><a href="#">KNOWLEDGE GATEWAY <span class="sub-indicator"></span>
            </a>
            <div class="mega-menu-block background_menu" style="padding-top:25px;">
                <div class="container">
                    <div class="mega-menu-content">
                                                                   <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Farm Crisis</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/farmers039-suicides-14.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Farm Suicides                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/unemployment-30.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Unemployment                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Rural distress                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/migration-34.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Migration                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/key-facts-72.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Key Facts                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/debt-trap-15.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Debt Trap                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Empowerment</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/union-budget-73.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Union Budget And Other Economic Policies                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/forest-and-tribal-rights-61.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Forest and Tribal Rights                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-education-60.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Education                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-food-59.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Food                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/displacement-3279.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Displacement                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-work-mg-nrega-39.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Work (MG-NREGA)                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/gender-3280.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">GENDER                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/right-to-information-58.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Right to Information                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/empowerment/social-audit-48.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Social Audit                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Hunger / HDI</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/poverty-and-inequality-20499.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Poverty and inequality                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Malnutrition                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/public-health-51.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Public Health                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/education-50.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Education                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hunger-overview-40.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Hunger Overview                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/hdi-overview-45.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">HDI Overview                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/pds-ration-food-security-42.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">PDS/ Ration/ Food Security                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/sdgs-113.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">SDGs                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/mid-day-meal-scheme-mdms-53.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Mid Day Meal Scheme (MDMS)                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Environment</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Time Bomb Ticking                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Water and Sanitation                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/environment/impact-on-agriculture-54.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Impact on Agriculture                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        <div class="mega-menu-item">
                                                 <h3><b>Law & Justice</b></h3>
                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/social-justice-20500.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Social Justice                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/access-to-justice-47.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Access to Justice                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/human-rights-56.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Human Rights                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Corruption                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/general-insecurity-46.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">General Insecurity                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:5px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/disaster-relief-49.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">Disaster &amp; Relief                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                
                                              </div> 
                                            
                                                                                        
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page "><a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/nceus_reports.php">NCEUS reports</a>
            
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children parent-list ">
            <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/about-us-9.html">About Us <span
                    class="sub-indicator"></span></a>
            <ul class="sub-menu aboutmenu">
                <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page"><a
                        target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/objectives-8.html">Objectives</a>
                </li>
                <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page"><a
                         target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/contactus.php">Contact
                        Us</a></li>
                <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-post_type  menu-item-object-page"><a
                         target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/about-us-9.html">About
                        Us</a></li>
            </ul>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children ">
            <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/fellowships.php" title="Fellowships">Fellowships</a>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children  "><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/media-workshops.php">Workshops</a>
        </li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children  "><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/research.php">Research</a></li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children   "><a
                 target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/links-64">Partners</a></li>
        <li class="menu-item  menu-item-type-custom  menu-item-object-custom  menu-item-has-children"
            id="menu-item-539"><a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/"
                                  class="langbutton langlinkfont17">हिन्दी</a></li>
    </ul>
</div>            </div>


                        <!--  <div style="float: right;">
                            <script async src="https://cse.google.com/cse.js?cx=18b4f2e0f11bed3dd"></script>
                            <div class="gcse-search"></div>
                        </div> -->
                       
            <div class="search-block" style=" margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 7px;">
                <form method="get" id="searchform" name="searchform"
                      action="https://im4change.in/search"
                      onsubmit="return searchvalidate();">
                    <button class="search-button" type="submit" value="Search"></button>
                    <input type="text" id="s" name="qryStr" value=""
                           onfocus="if (this.value == 'Search...') {this.value = '';}"
                           onblur="if (this.value == '') {this.value = 'Search...';}">
                </form>
            </div>
        </nav>
    </header>
    <div class="container">
        <div id="main-content" class=" main1 container fade-in animated3 sidebar-narrow-left">
            <div class="content-wrap">
                <div class="content" style="width: 900px;min-height: 500px;">
                        
    <div class="background_inner innBack" align="center">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/backgrounders/rural-distress-Himanshu-Jos.jpg"
             alt="Rural distress"
             class="box_shadow mt5"/>
    </div>
    <section class="cat-box recent-box innerCatRecent">
    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Rural distress</h1>
    <a href="JavaScript:void(0);" onclick="return shareArticle(33);">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/email.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/>    </a>

    <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70/print"
       rel="nofollow">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/>
    </a>
</section>
<div class="clear"></div>
<div style="padding-top: 10px;">
    <div class="innerLineHeight">
        <div class="middleContent innerInput farm-crisis">
            <table>
                <tr>
                    <td>
                                                    <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;">
                                <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;">
                                    <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;">
                                        <div class="starlist">
                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#state-of-biofertilizers-and-organic-fertilizers-in-india-released-in-april-2022">State of Biofertilizers and Organic Fertilizers in India (released in April 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#tenant-farmers-study-report-for-andhra-pradesh-implementation-of-crop-cultivator-rights-act-inclusion-in-rythu-bharosa-other-schemes-part-1-released-on-march-8-2022">Tenant Farmers Study Report for Andhra Pradesh: Implementation of Crop Cultivator Rights Act, Inclusion in Rythu Bharosa &amp; other Schemes Part-1 (released on March 8, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#status-of-lsquopm-kisan-samman-nidhirsquo-exclusions-in-telangana-prepared-by-libtech-india-released-on-january-19-2022">Status of &lsquo;PM-KISAN Samman Nidhi&rsquo; exclusions in Telangana, prepared by LibTech India (released on January 19, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2#end-line-survey-report-2021-proorganic-ii-developing-a-culture-of-sustainable-consumption-and-lifestyle-in-the-state-of-rajasthan-india-with-a-special-focus-on-organic-consumption-and-production-released-on-5th-july-2021">End Line Survey Report 2021: ProOrganic II -- Developing a Culture of Sustainable Consumption and Lifestyle in the state of Rajasthan, India with a Special Focus on Organic Consumption and Production (released on 5th July, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=3#sustainable-agriculture-in-india-2021-what-we-know-and-how-to-scale-up-released-in-april-2021">Sustainable Agriculture in India 2021: What We Know and How to Scale Up (released in April 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045-released-on-30th-march-2021">A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045 (released on 30th March, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#price-rise-of-essential-commodities-causes-and-effects-standing-committee-on-food-consumer-affairs-and-public-distribution-2020-2021-eleventh-report">Price Rise of Essential Commodities--Causes and Effects, Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution (2020-2021), Eleventh Report</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-release-by-people39s-union-for-civil-liberties-pucl-on-farm-laws-dated-4th-december-2020">Press release by People&#39;s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) on farm laws dated 4th December, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#the-farmersrsquo-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-act-2020">The Farmers&rsquo; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion And Facilitation) Act, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#the-farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-act-2020">The Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-statement-by-mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-makaam-dated-30th-september-2020">Press statement by Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) dated 30th September, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-statement-by-right-to-food-campaign-dated-26th-september-2020">Press statement by Right to Food Campaign dated 26th September, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#press-release-by-indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-dated-23rd-september-2020">Press release by Indian Coordination Committee of Farmers Movements dated 23rd September, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#the-farmers39-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-bill-2020">The Farmers&#39; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-bill-2020">Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#essential-commodities-amendment-bill-2020">Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill 2020</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#a-study-of-the-agricultural-markets-of-bihar-odisha-and-punjab-released-in-2019">A Study of the Agricultural Markets of Bihar, Odisha and Punjab (released in 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#applying-nanotechnology-to-fertilizer-rationales-research-risks-and-regulatory-challenges-published-in-october-2017">Applying Nanotechnology to Fertilizer: Rationales, research, risks and regulatory challenges (published in October, 2017</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4#pradhan-mantri-fasal-bima-yojana-an-assessment-from-the-centre-for-science-and-environment-released-on-21-july-2017">Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=5#cag-report-on-performance-audit-of-agriculture-crop-insurance-schemes-report-no-7-of-2017">CAG report on Performance Audit of Agriculture Crop Insurance Schemes (Report no. 7 of 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=6#key-indicators-of-land-and-livestock-holdings-in-india-nss-70th-round-published-in-december-2014">Key Indicators of Land and Livestock Holdings in India, NSS 70th Round (published in December 2014)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=6#state-of-indian-farmers-a-report-2014">State of Indian Farmers: A Report (2014)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#agriculturendashpathways-to-prosperity-in-asia-and-the-pacific">Agriculture&ndash;Pathways to Prosperity in Asia and the Pacific</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#national-commission-for-enterprises-in-the-unorganised-sector-nceus-2007">National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector--NCEUS (2007)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#nagaraj-k-2008-farmersrsquo-suicides-in-india-magnitudes-trends-and-spatial-patterns">Nagaraj K (2008): Farmers&rsquo; Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#some-aspects-of-farming-2003-situation-assessment-survey-of-farmers">Some Aspects of Farming, 2003, Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five year Plan</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=8#some-aspects-of-operational-land-holdings-in-india-2002-03">Some Aspects of Operational Land Holdings in India, 2002-03</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#world-development-report-agriculture-for-development-2008">World Development Report: Agriculture for Development 2008</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#agrarian-crisis-and-distress-in-rural-india">Agrarian Crisis and Distress in Rural India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#migration-of-labour-in-india-distress-accumulation-and-policy-lessons">Migration of Labour in India: Distress, Accumulation and Policy Lessons</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#agriculture-sector-study-critical-issues-and-strategic-options">Agriculture Sector Study: Critical Issues and Strategic Options</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9#the-dragon-and-the-elephant-agricultural-and-rural-reforms-in-china-and-india">The Dragon and the Elephant: Agricultural and Rural Reforms in China and India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
                                                                                    </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                                                    <div>
                            </p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045.html">here</a> and <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/A%20Long%20Food%20Movement%20Transforming%20Food%20Systems%20by%202045.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/A%20Long%20Food%20Movement%20Transforming%20Food%20Systems%20by%202045.pdf">here</a> to access the main findings of the report titled <a name="a-long-food-movement-transforming-food-systems-by-2045-released-on-30th-march-2021">A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045 (released on 30th March, 2021)</a> by International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems (IPES-Food) and ETC Group.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Price%20Rise%20of%20Essential%20Commodities%20Causes%20andd%20Effects%20Standing%20Committee%20on%20Food%20Consumer%20Affairs%20and%20Public%20Distribution%202020-2021.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Price%20Rise%20of%20Essential%20Commodities%20Causes%20andd%20Effects%20Standing%20Committee%20on%20Food%20Consumer%20Affairs%20and%20Public%20Distribution%202020-2021.pdf">click here</a> to access the report entitled <a name="price-rise-of-essential-commodities-causes-and-effects-standing-committee-on-food-consumer-affairs-and-public-distribution-2020-2021-eleventh-report">Price Rise of Essential Commodities--Causes and Effects, Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution (2020-2021), Eleventh Report</a>, Presented to the Lok Sabha on 19th March, 2021. Laid in the Rajya Sabha on 19th March, 2021, 17th Lok Sabha. The Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution, which had members from 13 parties including BJP, Congress, TMC, AAP, NCP and Shiv Sena, asked the Government to implement the Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020 in &ldquo;letter and spirit.&rdquo;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/pucl-demands-repealing-of-the-anti-farmer-legislations.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/pucl-demands-repealing-of-the-anti-farmer-legislations.html">click here</a> to access the <a name="press-release-by-people39s-union-for-civil-liberties-pucl-on-farm-laws-dated-4th-december-2020">Press release by People&#39;s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) on farm laws dated 4th December, 2020</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%E2%80%99%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20And%20Facilitation%20Act%202020%281%29.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%E2%80%99%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20And%20Facilitation%20Act%202020%281%29.pdf">click here</a> to access <a name="the-farmersrsquo-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-act-2020">The Farmers&rsquo; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion And Facilitation) Act, 2020</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20%26%20Protection%20Agreement%20of%20Price%20Assurance%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Act%202020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20%26%20Protection%20Agreement%20of%20Price%20Assurance%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Act%202020.pdf">click here</a> to access <a name="the-farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-act-2020">The Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-opposes-the-passage-of-3-farm-bills.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-opposes-the-passage-of-3-farm-bills.html">here</a> and <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Press%20statement%20by%20MAKAAM%2030%20Sep%202020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/Press%20statement%20by%20MAKAAM%2030%20Sep%202020.pdf">here</a> to read the <a name="press-statement-by-mahila-kisan-adhikaar-manch-makaam-dated-30th-september-2020">Press statement by Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) dated 30th September, 2020</a> on why it is opposing the unilateral and undemocratic passage of the three farm-related bills in the parliament, which subsequently received Presidential assent.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/right-to-food-campaign-opposes-all-these-three-farm-bills-passed-by-the-parliament.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/right-to-food-campaign-opposes-all-these-three-farm-bills-passed-by-the-parliament.html">here</a> and <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/RTFc%20Statement%20on%203%20Farm%20Bills%20dated%2026%20Sep%202020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/RTFc%20Statement%20on%203%20Farm%20Bills%20dated%2026%20Sep%202020.pdf">here</a> to read the <a name="press-statement-by-right-to-food-campaign-dated-26th-september-2020">Press statement by Right to Food Campaign dated 26th September, 2020</a> on why it opposes all the three farm bills passed by the Parliament.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-led-by-yudhvir-singh-calls-for-a-nationwide-bandh-on-25th-sep-2020.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-led-by-yudhvir-singh-calls-for-a-nationwide-bandh-on-25th-sep-2020.html">here</a> to read the <a name="press-release-by-indian-coordination-committee-of-farmers-movements-dated-23rd-september-2020">Press release by Indian Coordination Committee of Farmers Movements dated 23rd September, 2020</a> on why it opposes all the three farm bills proposed by the Government.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief-Note-on-the-The-Farmers-Produce-Trade-and-Commerce-Promotion-and-Facilitation-Bill-2020-or-THE-APMC-BYPASS-BILL-2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief-Note-on-the-The-Farmers-Produce-Trade-and-Commerce-Promotion-and-Facilitation-Bill-2020-or-THE-APMC-BYPASS-BILL-2020.pdf" target="_blank">click here</a> to access the brief note on the <a name="the-farmers39-produce-trade-and-commerce-promotion-and-facilitation-bill-2020">The Farmers&#39; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020</a> or &ldquo;The APMC Bypass Bill 2020, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmer%27s%20Produce%20Trade%20and%20Commerce%20Promotion%20and%20Facilitation%20Bill.pdf">click here</a> to access The Farmers&#39; Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief_Note_on_the_Farmers_Empowerment_Protection_Agreement_of_Price_Assurance_and_Farm_Services_Bill_2020_or_the_CONTRACT_FARMING_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="https://www.im4change.org/docs/Brief_Note_on_the_Farmers_Empowerment_Protection_Agreement_of_Price_Assurance_and_Farm_Services_Bill_2020_or_the_CONTRACT_FARMING_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank">click here</a> to access the brief note on the <a name="farmers-empowerment-protection-agreement-of-price-assurance-and-farm-services-bill-2020">Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020</a> or the Contract Farming Bill 2020, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Farmers%20Empowerment%20and%20Protection%20Agreement%20on%20Price%20Assurances%20and%20Farm%20Services%20Bill.pdf">click here</a> to access the Farmers (Empowerment &amp; Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/docs/ESSENTIAL_COMMODITIES_ACT_AMENDMENT_BILL_2020orFOOD_HOARDING_FREEDOM_FOR_CORPORATES_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank" title="https://www.im4change.org/docs/ESSENTIAL_COMMODITIES_ACT_AMENDMENT_BILL_2020orFOOD_HOARDING_FREEDOM_FOR_CORPORATES_BILL_2020.pdf" target="_blank">click here</a> to access the brief note on the <a name="essential-commodities-amendment-bill-2020">Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill 2020</a> or &ldquo;Food Hoarding Freedom for Corporates Bill 2020&rdquo;, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf" title="/upload/files/The%20Essential%20Commodities%20Amendment%20Bill.pdf">click here</a> to access the&nbsp;Essential Commodities Act (Amendment) Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="/upload/files/A%20Study%20of%20the%20Agricultural%20Markets%20of%20Bihar%2C%20Odisha%20and%20Punjab.pdf" title="/upload/files/A%20Study%20of%20the%20Agricultural%20Markets%20of%20Bihar%2C%20Odisha%20and%20Punjab.pdf">click here</a> to access the study entitled <a name="a-study-of-the-agricultural-markets-of-bihar-odisha-and-punjab-released-in-2019">A Study of the Agricultural Markets of Bihar, Odisha and Punjab (released in 2019)</a> by Shoumitro Chatterjee, Mekhala Krishnamurthy, Devesh Kapur and Marshall M. Bouton, Center for the Advanced Study of India, University of Pennsylvania: Philadelphia.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>----</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly <a href="/upload/files/IATP%202017_10_10_Nanofertilizer_SS_f.pdf" title="/upload/files/IATP%202017_10_10_Nanofertilizer_SS_f.pdf">click here</a> to access the report titled <a name="applying-nanotechnology-to-fertilizer-rationales-research-risks-and-regulatory-challenges-published-in-october-2017">Applying Nanotechnology to Fertilizer: Rationales, research, risks and regulatory challenges (published in October, 2017</a>, which has been prepared by Steve Suppan of Institute for Agriculture &amp; Trade Policy.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The report entitled <a name="pradhan-mantri-fasal-bima-yojana-an-assessment-from-the-centre-for-science-and-environment-released-on-21-july-2017">Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017)</a>, (please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Pradhan-Mantri-Fasal-Bima-Yojana-Report.pdf" title="CSE Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Pradhan-Mantri-Fasal-Bima-Yojana-Report.pdf" title="CSE Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana">click here</a> to access), provides a detailed independent evaluation and analysis of the recently launched crop insurance scheme by the NDA government.<br /><br />The CSE undertook a detailed study to assess the state of implementation of PMFBY, including loopholes and challenges involved in the process. Field visits were made in Haryana, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh to get firsthand understanding of PMFBY implementation during kharif 2016. A round table was also conducted in Delhi with farmer leaders from Rajasthan, Telangana, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh as well as civil society members. Interviews were conducted with stakeholders, including farmers and their representatives, block-, district-, state- and Central-level government officials, and representatives of banks, insurance companies and representatives of Panchayati Raj Institutions. Last, all available data on PMFBY for kharif 2016 was collected and analysed.<br /><br />One of the key conclusions of the report is that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as Bundelkhand and Marathwada, factors like low indemnity levels, low threshold yields, low sum insured and default on loans make PMFBY a poor scheme to safeguard against extreme weather events. CSE&#39;s analysis shows that farmers in these areas might not get any claim even if more than half of their crops are damaged.<br /><br />The Government of India launched the PMFBY in the kharif season of 2016 to help farmers cope with crop losses due to unseasonal and extreme weather. The scheme came into operation from April 1, 2016. It has replaced the National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) and the Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (MNAIS). The Weather-Based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS) remains in place, though its premium rates have been made the same as in PMFBY. A state can decide whether it wants PMFBY or WBCIS or both.<br /><br />The PMFBY has more farmer-friendly provisions than NAIS and MNAIS. It has reduced the burden of premium on farmers significantly and has expanded the coverage of risks. It also promotes use of advanced technologies for accurate estimation of losses and quick payments to farmers.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The key findings of the report entitled Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from CSE are as follows:<br /><br /><strong>The positives</strong><br /><br />&bull; At the all-India level, coverage of agricultural insurance has significantly increased in kharif 2016 compared to kharif 2015. The number of farmers insured reached a little over 4 crore during kharif 2016; during kharif 2015, this number was about 3.09 crore.<br /><br />&bull; The sum insured is now closer to the cost of production than before. On an average, during kharif 2015, the sum insured per hectare of land was about Rs 20,500; during kharif 2016, it had gone up to Rs 34,370. This means that in case of losses, farmers should theoretically get significantly higher compensation than before. However, in some states like Rajasthan, the sum insured remains very low &ndash; about one-third of the cost of production.<br /><br /><strong>The negatives</strong><br /><br />&bull; Gaps in assessment of crop loss: Assessment of crop loss remains a major concern because the sample sizes in each village are not large enough to capture the scale and diversity of crop losses. In many cases, district or block level agricultural department officials do not conduct such sampling on ground and complete the formalities only on paper. CSE also noted other issues such as lack of trained outsourced agencies, huge scope of corruption during implementation as well as non-utilisation of technologies like smart phones and drones to improve the speed and reliability of such sampling.<br /><br />&bull; Inadequate and delayed claim payment: Insurance companies, in many cases, did not investigate losses due to a localised calamity and, therefore, did not pay claims. For kharif 2016, the claim payment to farmers was inordinately delayed &ndash; till April 2017; claims for kharif 2016 were not paid or were partly paid in 14 out of 21 states. Only 32 per cent of the reported claims were paid out by insurance companies, even when in many states the governments had paid their part of premium.<br /><br />&bull; High actuarial premium rates: Insurance companies charged high actuarial premium rates during kharif 2016 &ndash; the all-India rate was approximately 12.6 per cent, which was highest ever. Much higher rates were charged in some states and regions. The average actuarial rate in Gujarat was 20.5 per cent, in Rajasthan 19.9 per cent, and in Maharashtra 18.9 per cent.<br /><br />&bull; Massive profits for insurance companies: CSE&rsquo;s analysis indicates that during kharif 2016, companies made close to Rs 10,000 crore as &lsquo;gross profits&rsquo;.<br /><br />&bull; Coverage only for loanee farmers: PMFBY remains a scheme for loanee farmers &ndash; farmers who take loans from banks are mandatorily required to take insurance. The percentage of non-loanee farmers availing insurance remained less than 5 per cent during kharif 2016 and 2015. Like previous crop insurance schemes, PMFBY fails to cover sharecropper and tenant farmers.<br /><br />&bull; Poor capacity to deliver: There has been no concerted effort by the state government and insurance companies to build awareness of farmers on PMFBY. Insurance companies have failed to set-up infrastructure for proper implementation of PMFBY. There is still no direct linkage between insurance companies and farmers. Insured farmers receive no insurance policy document or receipt.<br /><br />The report has also identified issues like delayed notification by state governments, less number of notified crops than can avail insurance, problem with threshold yield estimation etc. that has diluted the usefulness of PMFBY.<br /><br /><br />                                                                    <br>
                                    <div align="center" class="pagination">
                                        <span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">&laquo; previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span class="current">4</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">5</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">next &raquo;</a></span>                                     </div>
                                                               
                        </div>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
    <br><a href='/experts.php' class='re'>Rural Expert</a><div class="clear"></div>
<div class="clear"></div>
<div class="comment-respond" id="respond">
    <a name="commentbox">&nbsp;</a>
    <h3 class="comment-reply-title" id="reply-title">Write Comments</h3>
    <form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" role="form" action="/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4"><div style="display:none;"><input type="hidden" name="_method" value="POST"/></div>    <form class="comment-form" id="commentform" method="post" action="#commentbox" onSubmit="return validate()"
          name="cmtform">
        <input type="hidden" name="cmttype" value="articlecmt"/>
        <input type="hidden" name="article_id" value="33"/>
        <p class="comment-notes">Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked <span
                    class="required">*</span></p>
                <p class="comment-form-author">
            <label for="commenterName">Name</label>
            <span class="required">*</span>
            <input type="text" aria-required="true" size="30"
                   value=""
                   name="commenterName" id="commenterName" required="true">
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-email">
            <label for="commenterEmail">Email</label> <span class="required">*</span>
            <input aria-required="true" size="30" name="commenterEmail" id="commenterEmail" type="email"
                   value=""
                   required="true">
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-contact">
            <label for="commenterPh">Contact No.</label>
            <input type="text" size="30"
                   value=""
                   name="commenterPh" id="commenterPh">
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-comment">
            <label for="comment">Comment</label>
            <textarea aria-required="true" required="true" rows="8" cols="45" name="comment"
                      id="comment"></textarea>
        </p>
        <p class="comment-form-comment">
            <label for="comment">Type the characters you see in the image below <span class="required">*</span><br><img
                        class="captchaImg"
                        src="https://im4change.in/securimage_show_art.php?tk=1841427850" alt="captcha"/>
            </label>
        </p>
        <input type="text" name="vrcode" required="true"/>

        <p class="form-submit" style="width: 200px;">
            <input type="submit" value="Post Comment" id="submit" name="submit">
        </p></form>
</div>
<style>
    .ui-widget-content {
        height: auto !important;
    }
</style>
<div id="share-modal"></div>
<style>
    .middleContent a{
        background-color: rgba(108,172,228,.2);
    }
    .middleContent a:hover{
        background-color: #418fde;
        border-color: #418fde;
        color: #000;
        }
</style>
<script>
    function shareArticle(article_id) {
        var options = {
            modal: true,
            height: 'auto',
            width: 600 + 'px'
        };
        $('#share-modal').html("");
        $('#share-modal').load('https://im4change.in/share_article?article_id=' + article_id).dialog(options).dialog('open');
    }

    function postShare() {
        var param = 'article_id=' + $("#article_id").val();
        param = param + '&y_name=' + $("#y_name").val();
        param = param + '&y_email=' + $("#y_email").val();
        param = param + '&f_name=' + $("#f_name").val();
        param = param + '&f_email=' + $("#f_email").val();
        param = param + '&y_msg=' + $("#y_msg").val();

        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: 'https://im4change.in/post_share_article',
            data: param,
            success: function (response) {
                $('#share-modal').html("Thank You, Your message posted to ");
            }
        });
        return false;
    }
</script>                </div>
            </div>
            <!-- Right Side Section Start -->
<!-- MAP Section START -->
<aside class="sidebar indexMarg">
    <div class="ad-cell">
        <a href="https://im4change.in/statemap.php" title="">
            <img src="https://im4change.in/images/map_new_version.png?1582080666" alt="India State Map" class="indiamap" width="232" height="252"/>        </a>
        <div class="rightmapbox">
            <div id="sideOne" class="docltitle"><a href="https://im4change.in/state-report/india/36" target="_blank">DOCUMENTS/
                    REPORTS</a></div>
            <div id="sideTwo" class="statetitle"><a href="https://im4change.in/states.php"target="_blank">STATE DATA/
                    HDRs.</a></div>
        </div>
        <div class="widget widgePadTop"></div>
    </div>
</aside>
<!-- MAP Section END -->
<aside class="sidebar sidePadbottom">
    <div class="rightsmlbox1" >
        <a href="https://im4change.in/knowledge_gateway" target="_blank" style="color: #035588;
    font-size: 17px;">
            KNOWLEDGE GATEWAY
        </a>
    </div>
    <div class="rightsmlbox1">

        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title">
                <a href="https://im4change.in/newsletter" target="_blank">
                    NEWSLETTER
                </a>
            </p>
        </div>
    </div>
        <div class="rightsmlbox1" style="height: 325px;">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title">
                Interview with Prof. Ravi Srivastava
            </p>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title">
                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/interview-with-prof-ravi-srivastava-on-current-economic-crisis">
                <img width="250" height="200" src="/images/interview_video_home.jpg" alt="Interview with Prof. Ravi Srivastava"/>
                </a>
                <!--
                <iframe width="250" height="200" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/MmaTlntk-wc" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>-->
               
            </p>
            <a href="https://im4change.in/videogallery" class="more-link CatArchalAnch1" target="_blank">
                                More videos
                            </a>
        </div>
    </div>
    
        <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <!--div id="sstory" class="rightboxicons"></div--->
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a href="https://im4change.in/list-success-stories"  target="_blank">Success Stories</a></p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a
                        href="https://im4change.in/interviews"  target="_blank">Interviews</a>
            </p>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a href="https://www.commoncause.in/page.php?id=10" >Donate</a></p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <div>
            <p class="rightsmlbox1_title"><a
        href="https://im4change.in/marquee"
        class="isf_link more-link" title="India Focus?" style="border: 4px solid #fdd922;width: 90%;background-color: #fdd922;text-align: center;color: #000000;font-size:18px"  target="_blank">India Focus</a></p>        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="rightsmlbox1" style="height: 104px !important;">
        <a href="https://im4change.in/quarterly_reports.php" target="_blank">
            Quarterly Reports on Effect of Economic Slowdown on Employment in India (2008 - 2015)
        </a>
    </div>
    
<!--     <div class="rightsmlbox1">
        <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.im4.im4change" target="_blank">
            
        </a></div> -->
    <!-- <section class="cat-box recent-box secMarg">
        <h2 class="cat-box-title">Most Visited</h2>
    </section> -->
    <!-- accordion Starts here -->
    <!-- <div id="accordion" class="accordMarg">
            </div> -->
    <!-- accordion ends here -->
    <!-- Widget Tag Cloud Starts here -->
    <div id="tag_cloud-2" class="widget widget_tag_cloud">
        <section class="cat-box recent-box secMarg">
                <h2 class="cat-box-title">MOST VISITED TAGS</h2>
            </section>
        <div class="widget-top wiPdTp">
           
            <div class="stripe-line"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="widget-container">
            <div class="tagcloud">
                                    <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Agriculture"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Agriculture</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Food Security"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Food Security</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Law and Justice"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Law and Justice</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Health"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Health</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Right to Food"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Right to Food</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Corruption"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Corruption</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=farming"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">farming</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Environment"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Environment</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Right to Information"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Right to Information</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=NREGS"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">NREGS</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Human Rights"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Human Rights</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Governance"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Governance</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PDS"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PDS</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=COVID-19"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">COVID-19</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Land Acquisition"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Land Acquisition</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=mgnrega"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">mgnrega</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Farmers"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Farmers</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=transparency"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">transparency</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Gender"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Gender</a>
                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Poverty"
                       target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Poverty</a>
                                    
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Farm Laws" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Farm Laws
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Citizenship Amendment Act" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Citizenship Amendment Act
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=CAA NPR NRIC" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">CAA NPR NRIC
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Job Losses" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Job Losses
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Migrant Workers" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Migrant Workers
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Unemployment" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">Unemployment
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PMGKAY" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PMGKAY
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PM-KISAN" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PM-KISAN
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=PM-CARES" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">PM-CARES
                </a>
                <a href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=LFPR" target="_blank" class="tag-link-4 font4">LFPR
                </a>
                
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- Widget Tag Cloud Ends here -->
</aside>
<!-- Right Side Section End -->
        </div>
        <section class="cat-box cats-review-box footerSec">
    <h2 class="cat-box-title vSec CatArcha">Video
        Archives</h2>
    <h2 class="cat-box-title CatArchaTitle">Archives</h2>
    <div class="cat-box-content">
        <div class="reviews-cat">
            <div class="CatArchaDiv1">
                <div class="CatArchaDiv2">
                    <ul>
                                                    <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/moving-upstream-luni-fellowship.html"  target="_blank">
                                     Moving Upstream: Luni – Fellowship                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/135-million-indians-exited-multidimensional-poverty-as-per-government-figures-is-that-the-same-as-poverty-reduction.html"  target="_blank">
                                     135 Million Indians Exited “Multidimensional" Poverty as per Government...                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/explainer-why-are-tomato-prices-on-fire.html"  target="_blank">
                                     Explainer: Why are Tomato Prices on Fire?                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57/nsso-survey-only-39-1-of-all-households-have-drinking-water-within-dwelling-46-7-of-rural-households-use-firewood-for-cooking.html"  target="_blank">
                                     NSSO Survey: Only 39.1% of all Households have Drinking...                                </a>
                            </li>
                                                    <li class="CatArchalLi1">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/news-alerts-57"
                               class="more-link CatArchalAnch1"  target="_blank">
                                More...
                            </a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
                                    <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/I51LYnP8BOk/1.jpg"
                             alt=" Im4Change.org हिंदी वेबसाइट का परिचय. Short Video on im4change.org...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Short-Video-on-im4change-Hindi-website-Inclusive-Media-for-Change"  target="_blank">
                                 Im4Change.org हिंदी वेबसाइट का परिचय. Short Video on im4change.org...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                                        <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/kNqha-SwfIY/1.jpg"
                             alt=" "Session 1: Scope of IDEA and AgriStack" in Exploring...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Session-1- Scope-of-IDEA-and-AgriStack-in-Exploring-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-29-April-2022"  target="_blank">
                                 "Session 1: Scope of IDEA and AgriStack" in Exploring...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                                        <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/6kIVjlgZItk/1.jpg"
                             alt=" "Session 2: Farmer Centric Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Session-2-Farmer-Centric-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-in-Exploring-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-29-April-2022"  target="_blank">
                                 "Session 2: Farmer Centric Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                                        <div class="CatArchaWidth">
                        <img class="CatArchaImg"
                             src="https://img.youtube.com/vi/2BeHTu0y7xc/1.jpg"
                             alt=" "Session 3: Future of Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...">
                        <p class="CatArchaPPad">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Session-3-Future-of-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-in-Exploring-Digitalisation-in-Agriculture-29-April-2022"  target="_blank">
                                 "Session 3: Future of Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...                            </a>
                        </p>
                    </div>
                    


                <div class="divWidth">
                    <ul class="divWidthMarg">
                                                    <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Public-Spending-on-Agriculture-in-India-Source-Foundation-for-Agrarian-Studies"
                                   title="Public Spending on Agriculture in India (Source: Foundation for Agrarian Studies)"  target="_blank">
                                     Public Spending on Agriculture in India (Source: Foundation for...</a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Agrarian-Change-Seminar-Protests-against-the-New-Farm-Laws-in-India-by-Prof-Vikas-Rawal-JNU-Source-Journal-Of-Agrarian-Change"
                                   title="Agrarian Change Seminar: 'Protests against the New Farm Laws in India' by Prof. Vikas Rawal, JNU (Source: Journal Of Agrarian Change) "  target="_blank">
                                     Agrarian Change Seminar: 'Protests against the New Farm Laws...</a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/Webinar-Ramrao-The-Story-of-India-Farm-Crisis-Source-Azim-Premji-University"
                                   title="Webinar: Ramrao - The Story of India's Farm Crisis (Source: Azim Premji University)"  target="_blank">
                                     Webinar: Ramrao - The Story of India's Farm Crisis...</a>
                            </li>
                                                        <li>
                                <a href="https://im4change.in/video/water-and-agricultural-transformation-in-India"
                                   title="Water and Agricultural Transformation in India: A Symbiotic Relationship (Source: IGIDR)"  target="_blank">
                                     Water and Agricultural Transformation in India: A Symbiotic Relationship...</a>
                            </li>
                                                    <li class="CatArchalLi1">
                            <a href="https://im4change.in/videogallery"
                               class="more-link CatArchalAnch1"  target="_blank">
                                More...
                            </a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</section>    </div>
    <div class="clear"></div>
    <!-- Footer option Starts here -->
    <div class="footer-bottom fade-in animated4">
        <div class="container">
            <div class="social-icons icon_flat">
                <p class="SocialMargTop"> Website Developed by <a target="_blank" title="Web Development"
                                                                  class="wot right"
                                                                  href="http://www.ravinderkhurana.com/" rel="nofollow">
                                                                  RAVINDErkHURANA.com</a></p>
            </div>
            <div class="alignleft">
                <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/objectives-8.html"
    class="link"
    title="Objectives">Objectives</a> | <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/about-us-9.html"
    class="link" title="About Us">About Us</a> | <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/media-workshops.php"
    class="ucwords">Workshops</a> | <a
     target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/disclaimer/disclaimer-149.html"
    title="Disclaimer">Disclaimer</a>            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- Footer option ends here -->
</div>
<div id="connect">
    <a target="_blank"
       href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4"
       title="Share on Facebook">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/Facebook.png?1582080640" alt="share on Facebook" class="ImgBorder"/>
    </a><br/>
    <a target="_blank"
       href="http://twitter.com/share?text=Im4change&amp;url=https://im4change.in/farm-crisis/rural-distress-70.html?pgno=4"
       title="Share on Twitter">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/twitter.png?1582080632" alt="Twitter" class="ImgBorder"/>    </a>
    <br/>
    <a href="/feeds" title="RSS Feed" target="_blank">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/rss.png?1582080632" alt="RSS" class="ImgBorder"/>
    </a>
    <br/>
    <a class="feedback-link" id="feedbackFormLink" href="#">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/feedback.png?1582080630" alt="Feedback" class="ImgBorder"/>
    </a> <br/>
    <a href="javascript:function iprl5(){var d=document,z=d.createElement('scr'+'ipt'),b=d.body,l=d.location;try{if(!b)throw(0);d.title='(Saving...) '+d.title;z.setAttribute('src',l.protocol+'//www.instapaper.com/j/WKrH3R7ORD5p?u='+encodeURIComponent(l.href)+'&amp;t='+(new Date().getTime()));b.appendChild(z);}catch(e){alert('Please wait until the page has loaded.');}}iprl5();void(0)"
       class="bookmarklet" onclick="return explain_bookmarklet();">
        <img src="https://im4change.in/images/read-it-later.png?1582080632" alt="Read Later" class="ImgBorder"/>    </a>
</div>
<!-- Feedback form Starts here -->
<div id="feedbackForm" class="overlay_form" class="ImgBorder">
    <h2>Contact Form</h2>
    <div id="contactform1">
        <div id="formleft">
            <form id="submitform" action="/contactus.php" method="post">
                <input type="hidden" name="submitform" value="submitform"/>
                <input type="hidden" name="salt_key" value="a0e0f2c6a0644a70e57ad2c96829709a"/>
                <input type="hidden" name="ref" value="feedback"/>
                <fieldset>
                    <label>Name :</label>
                    <input type="text" name="name" class="tbox" required/>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    <label>Email :</label>
                    <input type="text" name="email" class="tbox" required/>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    <label>Message :</label>
                    <textarea rows="5" cols="20" name="message" required></textarea>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    Please enter security code
                    <div class="clear"></div>
                    <input type="text" name="vrcode" class="tbox"/>
                </fieldset>
                <fieldset>
                    <input type="submit" class="button" value="Submit"/>
                    &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <a href="#" id="closefeedbakcformLink">Close</a>
                </fieldset>
            </form>
        </div>
        <div class="clearfix"></div>
    </div>
</div>
<div id="donate_popup" class="modal" style="max-width: 800px;">
    <table width="100%" border="1">
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2" align="center">
                <b>Support im4change</b>
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td width="25%" valign="middle">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo2.jpg?1582080632" alt="" width="100%"/>            </td>
            <td style="padding-left:10px;padding-top:10px;">
                <form action="https://im4change.in/donate" method="get">
                    <table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
                        <tr>
                            <td width="33%" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                10
                            </td>
                            <td width="33%" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                100
                            </td>
                            <td width="33%" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                1000
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3">
                                &nbsp;
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td  style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                50
                            </td>
                            <td  style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                500
                            </td>
                            <td  style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                                <input type="text" name="price" placeholder="?" style="font-family: 'Script Font', cursive, Arial;font-size: 20px;font-weight: 700;">
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3">
                                &nbsp;
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="3" align="right">
                                <input type="button" name="Pay" value="Pay"
                                       style="width: 200px;background-color: rgb(205, 35, 36);color: #ffffff;"/>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    </table>
                </form>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div><script type='text/javascript'>

    /* <![CDATA[ */

    var tievar = {'go_to': 'Go to...'};

    /* ]]> */

</script>
<script src="/js/tie-scripts.js?1575549704"></script><script src="/js/bootstrap.js?1575549704"></script><script src="/js/jquery.modal.min.js?1578284310"></script><script>
    $(document).ready(function() {
        // tell the autocomplete function to get its data from our php script
        $('#s').autocomplete({
            source: "/autocomplete"
        });
    });
</script>
<script src="/vj-main-sw-register.js" async></script>

<script>function init(){var imgDefer=document.getElementsByTagName('img');for(var i=0;i<imgDefer.length;i++){if(imgDefer[i].getAttribute('data-src')){imgDefer[i].setAttribute('src',imgDefer[i].getAttribute('data-src'))}}}
window.onload=init;</script>
</body>
</html>'

}
$cookies = []
$values = [
	(int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
]
$name = 'Content-Type'
$first = true
$value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitHeaders() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 55
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Home हिन्दी

Rural distress

What's Inside State of Biofertilizers and Organic Fertilizers in India (released in April 2022) Tenant Farmers Study Report for Andhra Pradesh: Implementation of Crop Cultivator Rights Act, Inclusion in Rythu Bharosa & other Schemes Part-1 (released on March 8, 2022) Status of ‘PM-KISAN Samman Nidhi’ exclusions in Telangana, prepared by LibTech India (released on January 19, 2022) End Line Survey Report 2021: ProOrganic II -- Developing a Culture of Sustainable Consumption and Lifestyle in the state of Rajasthan, India with a Special Focus on Organic Consumption and Production (released on 5th July, 2021) Sustainable Agriculture in India 2021: What We Know and How to Scale Up (released in April 2021) A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045 (released on 30th March, 2021) Price Rise of Essential Commodities--Causes and Effects, Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution (2020-2021), Eleventh Report Press release by People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) on farm laws dated 4th December, 2020 The Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion And Facilitation) Act, 2020 The Farmers (Empowerment & Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020 More Press statement by Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) dated 30th September, 2020 Press statement by Right to Food Campaign dated 26th September, 2020 Press release by Indian Coordination Committee of Farmers Movements dated 23rd September, 2020 The Farmers' Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020 Farmers (Empowerment & Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020 Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill 2020 A Study of the Agricultural Markets of Bihar, Odisha and Punjab (released in 2019) Applying Nanotechnology to Fertilizer: Rationales, research, risks and regulatory challenges (published in October, 2017 Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017) CAG report on Performance Audit of Agriculture Crop Insurance Schemes (Report no. 7 of 2017) Key Indicators of Land and Livestock Holdings in India, NSS 70th Round (published in December 2014) State of Indian Farmers: A Report (2014) Agriculture–Pathways to Prosperity in Asia and the Pacific National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector--NCEUS (2007) Nagaraj K (2008): Farmers’ Suicides in India, Magnitudes, Trends and Spatial Patterns Some Aspects of Farming, 2003, Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers 11th Five year Plan Some Aspects of Operational Land Holdings in India, 2002-03 World Development Report: Agriculture for Development 2008 Agrarian Crisis and Distress in Rural India Migration of Labour in India: Distress, Accumulation and Policy Lessons Agriculture Sector Study: Critical Issues and Strategic Options The Dragon and the Elephant: Agricultural and Rural Reforms in China and India Less Kindly click here and here to access the main findings of the report titled A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045 (released on 30th March, 2021) by International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems (IPES-Food) and ETC Group. --- Kindly click here to access the report entitled Price Rise of Essential Commodities--Causes and Effects, Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution (2020-2021), Eleventh Report, Presented to the Lok Sabha on 19th March, 2021. Laid in the Rajya Sabha on 19th March, 2021, 17th Lok Sabha. The Standing Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution, which had members from 13 parties including BJP, Congress, TMC, AAP, NCP and Shiv Sena, asked the Government to implement the Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020 in “letter and spirit.” --- Kindly click here to access the Press release by People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) on farm laws dated 4th December, 2020. Please click here to access The Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion And Facilitation) Act, 2020. Please click here to access The Farmers (Empowerment & Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020. --- Please click here and here to read the Press statement by Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) dated 30th September, 2020 on why it is opposing the unilateral and undemocratic passage of the three farm-related bills in the parliament, which subsequently received Presidential assent. --- Please click here and here to read the Press statement by Right to Food Campaign dated 26th September, 2020 on why it opposes all the three farm bills passed by the Parliament. --- Please click here to read the Press release by Indian Coordination Committee of Farmers Movements dated 23rd September, 2020 on why it opposes all the three farm bills proposed by the Government. --- Please click here to access the brief note on the The Farmers' Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020 or “The APMC Bypass Bill 2020, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please click here to access The Farmers' Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha. Kindly click here to access the brief note on the Farmers (Empowerment & Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020 or the Contract Farming Bill 2020, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please click here to access the Farmers (Empowerment & Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha. Please click here to access the brief note on the Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill 2020 or “Food Hoarding Freedom for Corporates Bill 2020”, which has been prepared by ASHA Kisan Swaraj. Please click here to access the Essential Commodities Act (Amendment) Bill, 2020 as introduced in the Lok Sabha. --- Kindly click here to access the study entitled A Study of the Agricultural Markets of Bihar, Odisha and Punjab (released in 2019) by Shoumitro Chatterjee, Mekhala Krishnamurthy, Devesh Kapur and Marshall M. Bouton, Center for the Advanced Study of India, University of Pennsylvania: Philadelphia. ---- Kindly click here to access the report titled Applying Nanotechnology to Fertilizer: Rationales, research, risks and regulatory challenges (published in October, 2017, which has been prepared by Steve Suppan of Institute for Agriculture & Trade Policy.  --- The report entitled Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from the Centre for Science and Environment (released on 21 July, 2017), (please click here to access), provides a detailed independent evaluation and analysis of the recently launched crop insurance scheme by the NDA government. The CSE undertook a detailed study to assess the state of implementation of PMFBY, including loopholes and challenges involved in the process. Field visits were made in Haryana, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh to get firsthand understanding of PMFBY implementation during kharif 2016. A round table was also conducted in Delhi with farmer leaders from Rajasthan, Telangana, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh as well as civil society members. Interviews were conducted with stakeholders, including farmers and their representatives, block-, district-, state- and Central-level government officials, and representatives of banks, insurance companies and representatives of Panchayati Raj Institutions. Last, all available data on PMFBY for kharif 2016 was collected and analysed. One of the key conclusions of the report is that PMBY is not beneficial for farmers in vulnerable regions. For farmers in vulnerable regions such as Bundelkhand and Marathwada, factors like low indemnity levels, low threshold yields, low sum insured and default on loans make PMFBY a poor scheme to safeguard against extreme weather events. CSE's analysis shows that farmers in these areas might not get any claim even if more than half of their crops are damaged. The Government of India launched the PMFBY in the kharif season of 2016 to help farmers cope with crop losses due to unseasonal and extreme weather. The scheme came into operation from April 1, 2016. It has replaced the National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) and the Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (MNAIS). The Weather-Based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS) remains in place, though its premium rates have been made the same as in PMFBY. A state can decide whether it wants PMFBY or WBCIS or both. The PMFBY has more farmer-friendly provisions than NAIS and MNAIS. It has reduced the burden of premium on farmers significantly and has expanded the coverage of risks. It also promotes use of advanced technologies for accurate estimation of losses and quick payments to farmers.   The key findings of the report entitled Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana: An Assessment from CSE are as follows: The positives • At the all-India level, coverage of agricultural insurance has significantly increased in kharif 2016 compared to kharif 2015. The number of farmers insured reached a little over 4 crore during kharif 2016; during kharif 2015, this number was about 3.09 crore. • The sum insured is now closer to the cost of production than before. On an average, during kharif 2015, the sum insured per hectare of land was about Rs 20,500; during kharif 2016, it had gone up to Rs 34,370. This means that in case of losses, farmers should theoretically get significantly higher compensation than before. However, in some states like Rajasthan, the sum insured remains very low – about one-third of the cost of production. The negatives • Gaps in assessment of crop loss: Assessment of crop loss remains a major concern because the sample sizes in each village are not large enough to capture the scale and diversity of crop losses. In many cases, district or block level agricultural department officials do not conduct such sampling on ground and complete the formalities only on paper. CSE also noted other issues such as lack of trained outsourced agencies, huge scope of corruption during implementation as well as non-utilisation of technologies like smart phones and drones to improve the speed and reliability of such sampling. • Inadequate and delayed claim payment: Insurance companies, in many cases, did not investigate losses due to a localised calamity and, therefore, did not pay claims. For kharif 2016, the claim payment to farmers was inordinately delayed – till April 2017; claims for kharif 2016 were not paid or were partly paid in 14 out of 21 states. Only 32 per cent of the reported claims were paid out by insurance companies, even when in many states the governments had paid their part of premium. • High actuarial premium rates: Insurance companies charged high actuarial premium rates during kharif 2016 – the all-India rate was approximately 12.6 per cent, which was highest ever. Much higher rates were charged in some states and regions. The average actuarial rate in Gujarat was 20.5 per cent, in Rajasthan 19.9 per cent, and in Maharashtra 18.9 per cent. • Massive profits for insurance companies: CSE’s analysis indicates that during kharif 2016, companies made close to Rs 10,000 crore as ‘gross profits’. • Coverage only for loanee farmers: PMFBY remains a scheme for loanee farmers – farmers who take loans from banks are mandatorily required to take insurance. The percentage of non-loanee farmers availing insurance remained less than 5 per cent during kharif 2016 and 2015. Like previous crop insurance schemes, PMFBY fails to cover sharecropper and tenant farmers. • Poor capacity to deliver: There has been no concerted effort by the state government and insurance companies to build awareness of farmers on PMFBY. Insurance companies have failed to set-up infrastructure for proper implementation of PMFBY. There is still no direct linkage between insurance companies and farmers. Insured farmers receive no insurance policy document or receipt. The report has also identified issues like delayed notification by state governments, less number of notified crops than can avail insurance, problem with threshold yield estimation etc. that has diluted the usefulness of PMFBY. « previous123456789next »

Rural Expert

 

Write Comments

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Name *

Email *

Contact No.

Comment

Type the characters you see in the image below *

Video Archives

Archives

• Moving Upstream: Luni – Fellowship
• 135 Million Indians Exited “Multidimensional" Poverty as per Government...
• Explainer: Why are Tomato Prices on Fire?
• NSSO Survey: Only 39.1% of all Households have Drinking...
• More...

Im4Change.org हिंदी वेबसाइट का परिचय. Short Video on im4change.org...

"Session 1: Scope of IDEA and AgriStack" in Exploring...

"Session 2: Farmer Centric Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...

"Session 3: Future of Digitalisation in Agriculture" in Exploring...

• Public Spending on Agriculture in India (Source: Foundation for...
• Agrarian Change Seminar: 'Protests against the New Farm Laws...
• Webinar: Ramrao - The Story of India's Farm Crisis...
• Water and Agricultural Transformation in India: A Symbiotic Relationship...
• More...

Website Developed by RAVINDErkHURANA.com

Objectives | About Us | Workshops | Disclaimer

Support im4change
	10 100 1000   50 500