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LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Mapping tribal language newspapers -Ankita Pandey

Mapping tribal language newspapers -Ankita Pandey

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published Published on Dec 22, 2016   modified Modified on Dec 22, 2016
-TheHoot.org

What are the factors that decide whether and where tribal language publications flourish? Some of the answers are surprising.

Tribal languages have received insufficient attention in our country. Only a small number of them have managed to register their presence in the world of print media. This article analyses registered tribal language newspapers and examines the conditions that support the growth of tribal languages in print media. Key findings are:

* Between 1957 and 2015, 340 newspapers were registered with the Registrar of Newspapers for India (RNI) in 34 tribal languages and 48 districts in 13 states.
* Registered tribal language newspapers accounted for only 0.25 per cent of all newspaper registrations, whereas tribal communities have over the years accounted for at least seven and a half per cent of the country’s population.
* About 90 per cent of tribal language newspapers were registered in 27 languages of seven North Eastern states.
* Mizoram accounted for about 50 per cent of all tribal language newspaper registrations in the country.
* The Mizo language has recorded the highest number of newspaper registrations (181), including 169 in Mizoram and 12 in Manipur, Meghalaya, West Bengal, and Delhi.
* Mizoram alone accounted for 33 of the 52 currently accredited tribal language newspapers and seven out of eleven government-owned tribal language newspapers. It also accounted for 60 per cent of Church-owned and 100 per cent of political party-owned tribal language newspapers.
* The Church has played an important role in promoting print media. Among Christian hill tribes, the tribes in which the Presbyterian Church is dominant – the Mizos of Mizoram and the Khasis of Meghalaya – have recorded very high rates of registration.
* The impact of political autonomy is reflected in the fact that in all the North East states, at least 60 per cent of tribal language newspapers were registered after the formation of the state. Likewise tribal language newspapers have flourished in autonomous tribal districts.
* A large population size does not necessarily support the growth of tribal language newspapers. The central and eastern states where the bulk of India’s tribes live have very few tribal language newspapers.
* Only 16 tribal newspapers including nine in Assam, two each in Nagaland and West Bengal and one newspaper each in Chhattisgarh, Tripura and Jharkhand filed annual statements in 2014-15.
* About 66 tribal newspapers are in circulation at present.

The Eighth Schedule of the Constitution lists 22 languages, including two tribal languages, Bodo and Santhali, that were added in 2004. In 2001, the Census reported 93 tribal languages, including Bodo and Santhali, spoken by more than 10,000 people each. Other sources that do not restrict themselves to languages spoken by more than 10,000 people also show that there are many more tribal languages in India than non-tribal languages. However, the tribal languages are barely represented in the print media.

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TheHoot.org, 20 December, 2016, http://www.thehoot.org/research/special-reports/mapping-tribal-language-newspapers-9860


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