Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Contexttrigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);}$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 150, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'index', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 97, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 150, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'hindi/agricultural-crisis/%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80-18.html' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/hindi/agricultural-crisis/%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80-18.html' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Contexttrigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);}$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 151, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'index', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 97, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 151, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'hindi/agricultural-crisis/%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80-18.html' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/hindi/agricultural-crisis/%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80-18.html' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]Code Contextif (Configure::read('debug')) {trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);} else {$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) { 'status' => (int) 200, 'contentType' => 'text/html', 'headers' => [ 'Content-Type' => [ [maximum depth reached] ] ], 'file' => null, 'fileRange' => [], 'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {}, 'cacheDirectives' => [], 'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7 ]> <html class="ie ie6" lang='en'> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7 ]> <html class="ie ie7" lang='en'> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8 ]> <html class="ie ie8" lang='en'> <![endif]--> <!--[if (gte IE 9)|!(IE)]><!--> <html lang='en'> <!--<![endif]--> <head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title> खेतिहर संकट | घटती आमदनी </title> <meta name="description" content=" खास बात • दिहाड़ी मजदूरों सहित हर श्रेणी के कामगार के मेहनताने की बढोतरी दर साल 1983-1993 की तुलना में 1993-94 से 2004-05 के बीच घटी है। # • साल 1983 से 1993-94 के बीच रोजगार की बढ़ोतरी की दर 2.03 फीसदी..."/> <meta name="keywords" content="असमानता,आमदनी,गरीबी,बेरोजगारी"/> <meta name="news_keywords" content="असमानता,आमदनी,गरीबी,बेरोजगारी"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="ROR" href="/ror.xml"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS 2.0" href="/feeds/"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/bootstrap.min.css?1697864993"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css?v=1.1.2"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style-inner.css?1577045210"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="Oswald-css" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Oswald%3Aregular%2C700&ver=3.8.1" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery.modal.min.css?1578285302"/> <script src="/js/jquery-1.10.2.js?1575549704"></script> <script src="/js/jquery-migrate.min.js?1575549704"></script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" title="Favicon"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery-ui.css?1580720609"/> <script src="/js/jquery-ui.js?1575549704"></script> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/custom.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery.modal.min.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery-ui.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/li-scroller.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <!-- <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> --> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style-inner.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href="//im4change.org/css/custom.css" crossorigin > <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/bootstrap.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.li-scroller.1.0.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.modal.min.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.ui.totop.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-ui.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/setting.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/tie-scripts.js"> <!--[if IE]> <script type="text/javascript">jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery(".menu-item").has("ul").children("a").attr("aria-haspopup", "true"); 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value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-58.html"> सूचना का अधिकार </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-60.html"> शिक्षा का अधिकार </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-61.html"> वनाधिकार </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2-73.html"> अन्य नीतिगत पहल </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8-40.html"> भुखमरी-एक आकलन </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3-41.html"> कुपोषण </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95-45.html"> मानव विकास सूचकांक </option><option 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लघु ऋण </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2-64.html"> नीतिगत पहल </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88-55.html"> पानी और साफ-सफाई </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0-54.html"> खेती पर असर </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-52.html"> खबरदार </option><option 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href="https://im4change.in/hindi/agricultural-crisis/घटती-आमदनी-18.html?pgno=3#लेवल-एंड-पैटर्न-ऑफ-कंज्यूमर-एक्सपेंडिचर-2011-12प्रकाशित-2014-की-फरवरी">लेवल एंड पैटर्न ऑफ कंज्यूमर एक्सपेंडिचर 2011-12(प्रकाशित 2014 की फरवरी)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/agricultural-crisis/घटती-आमदनी-18.html?pgno=4#रिपोर्ट-ऑन-कंडीशन-ऑव-वर्क-एंड-प्रोमोशन-ऑव-लाइवलीहुड-इन-द-अन-आर्गनाइज्ड-सेक्टर">रिपोर्ट ऑन कंडीशन ऑव वर्क एंड प्रोमोशन ऑव लाइवलीहुड इन द अन-आर्गनाइज्ड सेक्टर</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p> <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>एनएसएस के 68 वें दौर की गणना पर आधारित रिपोर्ट <a name="लेवल-एंड-पैटर्न-ऑफ-कंज्यूमर-एक्सपेंडिचर-2011-12प्रकाशित-2014-की-फरवरी">लेवल एंड पैटर्न ऑफ कंज्यूमर एक्सपेंडिचर 2011-12(प्रकाशित 2014 की फरवरी)</a> के अनुसार-</strong> <br /> <a href="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf" title="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf" title="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf" title="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf">http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf</a><br /> <br /> (<span>यह</span> <span>रिपोर्ट पूरे देश के </span>7469 <span>गांव और </span>5268 <span>शहरी खंड से हासिल सूचनाओं पर</span> <span>आधारित है। उपभोक्ता व्यय पर सूचना एकत्र करने के लिए दो अलग-अलग सूचियां</span> <span>तैयार की गईं और पहली सूची में </span>101662 <span>परिवारों से तथा दूसरी सूची में</span> 101651 <span>परिवारों से जानकारी हासिल की गई)</span><br /> <br /> <br /> --- <span>रिपोर्ट के अनुसार </span>2011-12 <span>में ग्रामीण भारत में प्रतिव्यक्ति</span> <span>औसत मासिक उपभोक्ता व्यय </span>1430 <span>रुपये और शहरी भारत में </span>2630 <span>रुपये का है।</span> <span>दोनों के बीच में </span>84 <span>प्रतिशत का अन्तर है।</span><br /> <br /> --- 5 <span>प्रतिशत निर्धनतम</span> <span>ग्रामीण जनता का प्रति व्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>521 <span>रुपये था। </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत</span> <span>निर्धनतम नगरीय जनता का प्रति व्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>700 <span>रुपये था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>एमपीसीई(मंथली पर कैपिटा एक्सपेंडिचर) अर्थात प्रतिव्यक्ति मासिक</span> <span>व्यय के लिए बनाए गए स्तरों में ग्रामीण आबादी के ऊपरले यानी समृद्धतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत हिस्से का प्रतिव्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>4481 <span>रुपये था। यह राशि</span> <span>निर्धनतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत ग्रामीण आबादी के एमपीसीई की तुलना में </span>8.6 <span>गुणा ज्यादा</span> <span>है।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>नगरीय आबादी के ऊपरले यानी समृद्धतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत हिस्से का</span> <span>प्रतिव्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>10282 <span>रुपये था। यह राशि नगरीय आबादी के</span> <span>निर्धनतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत आबादी के एमपीसीई की तुलना में </span>14.7 <span>गुना ज्यादा है।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>प्रमुख राज्यों के बीच केरल ग्रामीण एमपीसीई के मामले में सबसे आगे(</span>2669 <span>रुपये) रहा। इसके बाद पंजाब(</span>2345 <span>रुपये) और हरियाणा(</span>2176 <span>रुपये) थे। अन्य</span> <span>सभी प्रमुख राज्यों का औसत एमपीसीई </span>1000 <span>रुपये से लेकर </span>1760 <span>रुपये के बीच</span> <span>पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>उड़ीसा और झारखंड के ग्रामीण हिस्से में सबसे कम औसत एमपीसीई(</span>1000 <span>रुपये) पाया गया जबकि छत्तीसगढ़ के ग्रामीण इलाके में औसत एमपीसीई </span>1030 <span>रुपये पाया गया। बिहार</span>, <span>मध्यप्रदेश एवं उत्तरप्रदेश के ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों</span> <span>औसत एमपीसीई </span>1120 <span>रुपये से लेकर </span>1160 <span>रुपये के बीच पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>नगरीय क्षेत्र में सर्वोच्च एमपीसीई(</span>3817 <span>रुपये) वाला राज्य</span> <span>हरियाणा रहा। इसके बाद</span>, <span>इस मामले में केरल(</span>3408 <span>रुपये) एवं महाराष्ट्र(</span>3189 <span>रुपये) का औसत एमपीसीई नगरीय क्षेत्रों के लिए अन्य राज्यों की तुलना में</span> <span>ऊंचा पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>बिहार को छोड़कर (नगरीय एमपीसीई </span>1507 <span>रुपये) किसी भी प्रमुख राज्य का नगरीय एमपीसीई </span>1860 <span>रुपये से कम नहीं था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>पंजाब के औसत ग्रामीण एमपीसीई से वहां के नगरीय खंडों का औसत एमपीसीई </span>19 <span>फीसदी अधिक था जबकि केरल में यह </span>28 <span>फीसदी तथा बिहार में </span>34 <span>प्रतिशत अधिक</span> <span>था। दूसरी तरफ पश्चिम बंगाल</span>, <span>झारखंड एवं महाराष्ट्र में नगरीय औसत ग्रामीण</span> <span>औसत से करीब दोगुना ज्यादा था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>समान संदर्भ अवधि द्वारा मापा गया वास्तविक एमपीसीई </span>1993-94 <span>से</span> 2011-12 <span>यानी </span>18 <span>साल की अवधि में ग्रामीण भारत में </span>38 <span>प्रतिशत तथा शहरी</span> <span>भारत में </span>51 <span>प्रतिशत बढ़ा है।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>गुजरात</span>, <span>राजस्थान एवं तमिलनाडु में औसत एमपीसीई नगरीय क्षेत्र में अखिल भारतीय औसत से कम था</span>, <span>किन्तु ग्रामीण क्षेत्र में नहीं।</span><br /> <br /> -- <span>भारत के ग्रामीण परिवारों का </span>2011 <span>के दौरान कुल-व्यय में</span> <span>खाद्य-पदार्थों के उपभोग पर किए गए व्यय का हिस्सा </span>53 <span>प्रतिशत था। इसमें</span> <span>अनाज एवं उसके स्थानापन्न पर </span>10.8 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, 8 <span>प्रतिशत दूध और दूध से बनी</span> <span>चीजों पर और </span>6 <span>प्रतिशत खर्च सब्जियों पर हुआ। अखाद्य मद वर्ग में खाना</span> <span>बनाने के इंधन और रोशनी का भाग </span>8 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>वस्त्र एवं जूते का </span>7 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>चिकित्सा खर्चे का </span>6.7 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>यात्रा एवं अन्य उपभोक्ता सेवाओं का </span>4 <span>प्रतिशत तथा</span> <span>उपभोक्ता वस्तुओं पर हुए खर्च का हिस्सा </span>4.5 <span>प्रतिशत था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>औसत नगरीय भारतीय के लिए पारिवारिक उपभोग के मूल्य का </span>42.6 <span>प्रतिशत</span> <span>खाद्य पर</span>, 6.7 <span>प्रतिशत अनाज पर एवम् </span>7 <span>प्रतिशत दूध एवं दूध से बने पदार्थ</span> <span>पर व्यय हुआ था।</span><br /> <br /> ---- <span>कुल उपभोक्ता व्यय में अधिकतर खाद्य मद समूहो</span> <span>का हिस्सा नगरीय भारत की तुलना में ग्रामीण भारत में अधिक था</span>, <span>फल एवं</span> <span>प्रसंस्कृत आहार इसके अपवाद रहे। नगरीय एवं ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों के बीच</span> <span>उपभोक्ता व्यय के मामले में सर्वाधिक अन्तर अनाज के मामले में( नगरीय भाग</span> 6.9 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>ग्रामीण भाग </span>10.8 <span>प्रतिशत तथा किराया(नगरीय </span>6.2 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>ग्रामीण </span>0.5 <span>प्रतिशत)</span>, <span>एवं शिक्षा( नगरीय </span>6.9 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>ग्रामीण </span>3.5 <span>प्रतिशत) के मामले में पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>प्रति व्यक्ति औसत अनाज की खपत प्रतिमाह(सभी उम्र के व्यक्तियों के</span> <span>लिए) ग्रामीण भारत में </span>11.2 <span>किलो एवं नगरीय भारत में </span>9.2 <span>किलो था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>ग्रामीण भारत में </span>10 <span>प्रतिशत जनता के लिए प्रति व्यक्ति औसत मासिक अनाज की</span> <span>खपत </span>10.0 <span>किलो के आसपास थी। एमपीसीई में बढ़त के साथ ही</span>, <span>यह बढ़ते हुए</span> <span>देखी गई</span>, <span>तेजी से यह बढ़त </span>10-20 <span>वर्ग में </span>11 <span>किलो तक पहुंची और फिर</span> <span>धीरे-धीरे बढ़कर </span>80-90 <span>वर्ग में </span>11.5 <span>किलो तक पहुंची। नगरीय भारत में</span> <span>एमपीसीई में बढ़त के 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href="https://im4change.in/hindi/agricultural-crisis/घटती-आमदनी-18.html?pgno=3#लेवल-एंड-पैटर्न-ऑफ-कंज्यूमर-एक्सपेंडिचर-2011-12प्रकाशित-2014-की-फरवरी">लेवल एंड पैटर्न ऑफ कंज्यूमर एक्सपेंडिचर 2011-12(प्रकाशित 2014 की फरवरी)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/agricultural-crisis/घटती-आमदनी-18.html?pgno=4#रिपोर्ट-ऑन-कंडीशन-ऑव-वर्क-एंड-प्रोमोशन-ऑव-लाइवलीहुड-इन-द-अन-आर्गनाइज्ड-सेक्टर">रिपोर्ट ऑन कंडीशन ऑव वर्क एंड प्रोमोशन ऑव लाइवलीहुड इन द अन-आर्गनाइज्ड सेक्टर</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p> <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>एनएसएस के 68 वें दौर की गणना पर आधारित रिपोर्ट <a name="लेवल-एंड-पैटर्न-ऑफ-कंज्यूमर-एक्सपेंडिचर-2011-12प्रकाशित-2014-की-फरवरी">लेवल एंड पैटर्न ऑफ कंज्यूमर एक्सपेंडिचर 2011-12(प्रकाशित 2014 की फरवरी)</a> के अनुसार-</strong> <br /> <a href="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf" title="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf" title="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf" title="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf">http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf</a><br /> <br /> (<span>यह</span> <span>रिपोर्ट पूरे देश के </span>7469 <span>गांव और </span>5268 <span>शहरी खंड से हासिल सूचनाओं पर</span> <span>आधारित है। उपभोक्ता व्यय पर सूचना एकत्र करने के लिए दो अलग-अलग सूचियां</span> <span>तैयार की गईं और पहली सूची में </span>101662 <span>परिवारों से तथा दूसरी सूची में</span> 101651 <span>परिवारों से जानकारी हासिल की गई)</span><br /> <br /> <br /> --- <span>रिपोर्ट के अनुसार </span>2011-12 <span>में ग्रामीण भारत में प्रतिव्यक्ति</span> <span>औसत मासिक उपभोक्ता व्यय </span>1430 <span>रुपये और शहरी भारत में </span>2630 <span>रुपये का है।</span> <span>दोनों के बीच में </span>84 <span>प्रतिशत का अन्तर है।</span><br /> <br /> --- 5 <span>प्रतिशत निर्धनतम</span> <span>ग्रामीण जनता का प्रति व्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>521 <span>रुपये था। </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत</span> <span>निर्धनतम नगरीय जनता का प्रति व्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>700 <span>रुपये था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>एमपीसीई(मंथली पर कैपिटा एक्सपेंडिचर) अर्थात प्रतिव्यक्ति मासिक</span> <span>व्यय के लिए बनाए गए स्तरों में ग्रामीण आबादी के ऊपरले यानी समृद्धतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत हिस्से का प्रतिव्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>4481 <span>रुपये था। यह राशि</span> <span>निर्धनतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत ग्रामीण आबादी के एमपीसीई की तुलना में </span>8.6 <span>गुणा ज्यादा</span> <span>है।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>नगरीय आबादी के ऊपरले यानी समृद्धतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत हिस्से का</span> <span>प्रतिव्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>10282 <span>रुपये था। यह राशि नगरीय आबादी के</span> <span>निर्धनतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत आबादी के एमपीसीई की तुलना में </span>14.7 <span>गुना ज्यादा है।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>प्रमुख राज्यों के बीच केरल ग्रामीण एमपीसीई के मामले में सबसे आगे(</span>2669 <span>रुपये) रहा। इसके बाद पंजाब(</span>2345 <span>रुपये) और हरियाणा(</span>2176 <span>रुपये) थे। अन्य</span> <span>सभी प्रमुख राज्यों का औसत एमपीसीई </span>1000 <span>रुपये से लेकर </span>1760 <span>रुपये के बीच</span> <span>पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>उड़ीसा और झारखंड के ग्रामीण हिस्से में सबसे कम औसत एमपीसीई(</span>1000 <span>रुपये) पाया गया जबकि छत्तीसगढ़ के ग्रामीण इलाके में औसत एमपीसीई </span>1030 <span>रुपये पाया गया। बिहार</span>, <span>मध्यप्रदेश एवं उत्तरप्रदेश के ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों</span> <span>औसत एमपीसीई </span>1120 <span>रुपये से लेकर </span>1160 <span>रुपये के बीच पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>नगरीय क्षेत्र में सर्वोच्च एमपीसीई(</span>3817 <span>रुपये) वाला राज्य</span> <span>हरियाणा रहा। इसके बाद</span>, <span>इस मामले में केरल(</span>3408 <span>रुपये) एवं महाराष्ट्र(</span>3189 <span>रुपये) का औसत एमपीसीई नगरीय क्षेत्रों के लिए अन्य राज्यों की तुलना में</span> <span>ऊंचा पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>बिहार को छोड़कर (नगरीय एमपीसीई </span>1507 <span>रुपये) किसी भी प्रमुख राज्य का नगरीय एमपीसीई </span>1860 <span>रुपये से कम नहीं था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>पंजाब के औसत ग्रामीण एमपीसीई से वहां के नगरीय खंडों का औसत एमपीसीई </span>19 <span>फीसदी अधिक था जबकि केरल में यह </span>28 <span>फीसदी तथा बिहार में </span>34 <span>प्रतिशत अधिक</span> <span>था। दूसरी तरफ पश्चिम बंगाल</span>, <span>झारखंड एवं महाराष्ट्र में नगरीय औसत ग्रामीण</span> <span>औसत से करीब दोगुना ज्यादा था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>समान संदर्भ अवधि द्वारा मापा गया वास्तविक एमपीसीई </span>1993-94 <span>से</span> 2011-12 <span>यानी </span>18 <span>साल की अवधि में ग्रामीण भारत में </span>38 <span>प्रतिशत तथा शहरी</span> <span>भारत में </span>51 <span>प्रतिशत बढ़ा है।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>गुजरात</span>, <span>राजस्थान एवं तमिलनाडु में औसत एमपीसीई नगरीय क्षेत्र में अखिल भारतीय औसत से कम था</span>, <span>किन्तु ग्रामीण क्षेत्र में नहीं।</span><br /> <br /> -- <span>भारत के ग्रामीण परिवारों का </span>2011 <span>के दौरान कुल-व्यय में</span> <span>खाद्य-पदार्थों के उपभोग पर किए गए व्यय का हिस्सा </span>53 <span>प्रतिशत था। इसमें</span> <span>अनाज एवं उसके स्थानापन्न पर </span>10.8 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, 8 <span>प्रतिशत दूध और दूध से बनी</span> <span>चीजों पर और </span>6 <span>प्रतिशत खर्च सब्जियों पर हुआ। अखाद्य मद वर्ग में खाना</span> <span>बनाने के इंधन और रोशनी का भाग </span>8 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>वस्त्र एवं जूते का </span>7 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>चिकित्सा खर्चे का </span>6.7 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>यात्रा एवं अन्य उपभोक्ता सेवाओं का </span>4 <span>प्रतिशत तथा</span> <span>उपभोक्ता वस्तुओं पर हुए खर्च का हिस्सा </span>4.5 <span>प्रतिशत था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>औसत नगरीय भारतीय के लिए पारिवारिक उपभोग के मूल्य का </span>42.6 <span>प्रतिशत</span> <span>खाद्य पर</span>, 6.7 <span>प्रतिशत अनाज पर एवम् </span>7 <span>प्रतिशत दूध एवं दूध से बने पदार्थ</span> <span>पर व्यय हुआ था।</span><br /> <br /> ---- <span>कुल उपभोक्ता व्यय में अधिकतर खाद्य मद समूहो</span> <span>का हिस्सा नगरीय भारत की तुलना में ग्रामीण भारत में अधिक था</span>, <span>फल एवं</span> <span>प्रसंस्कृत आहार इसके अपवाद रहे। नगरीय एवं ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों के बीच</span> <span>उपभोक्ता व्यय के मामले में सर्वाधिक अन्तर अनाज के मामले में( नगरीय भाग</span> 6.9 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>ग्रामीण भाग </span>10.8 <span>प्रतिशत तथा किराया(नगरीय </span>6.2 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>ग्रामीण </span>0.5 <span>प्रतिशत)</span>, <span>एवं शिक्षा( नगरीय </span>6.9 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>ग्रामीण </span>3.5 <span>प्रतिशत) के मामले में पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>प्रति व्यक्ति औसत अनाज की खपत प्रतिमाह(सभी उम्र के व्यक्तियों के</span> <span>लिए) ग्रामीण भारत में </span>11.2 <span>किलो एवं नगरीय भारत में </span>9.2 <span>किलो था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>ग्रामीण भारत में </span>10 <span>प्रतिशत जनता के लिए प्रति व्यक्ति औसत मासिक अनाज की</span> <span>खपत </span>10.0 <span>किलो के आसपास थी। एमपीसीई में बढ़त के साथ ही</span>, <span>यह बढ़ते हुए</span> <span>देखी गई</span>, <span>तेजी से यह बढ़त </span>10-20 <span>वर्ग में </span>11 <span>किलो तक पहुंची और फिर</span> <span>धीरे-धीरे बढ़कर </span>80-90 <span>वर्ग में </span>11.5 <span>किलो तक पहुंची। नगरीय भारत में</span> <span>एमपीसीई में बढ़त के साथ प्रति व्यक्ति अनाज की खपत में परिवर्तन का कोई</span> <span>स्पष्ट तरीका(पैटर्न) नहीं था। केवल शिखर के </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत जनता को छोड़कर</span> <span>विभिन्न वर्गों के प्रति व्यक्ति मासिक खपत </span>9.1 <span>किलो से </span>9.5 <span>किलो के बीच</span> <span>थी।</span><br /> <br /> --- 1993-94 <span>से </span>2011-12 <span>तक </span>18 <span>सालों में महीने में प्रति व्यक्ति</span> <span>अनुमानित अनाज की खपत(जिसमें खरीदे गए प्रसंस्कृत आहार में अनाज का हिसाब</span> <span>शामिल नहीं है) ग्रामीण भारत में </span>13.4 <span>किलोग्राम से </span>11.2 <span>किलोग्राम और</span> <span>नगरीय भारत में </span>10.6 <span>किलोग्राम से </span>9.3 <span>किलोग्राम तक गिरी है।</span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> 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value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-58.html"> सूचना का अधिकार </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-60.html"> शिक्षा का अधिकार </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-61.html"> वनाधिकार </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2-73.html"> अन्य नीतिगत पहल </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8-40.html"> भुखमरी-एक आकलन </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3-41.html"> कुपोषण </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95-45.html"> मानव विकास सूचकांक </option><option 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लघु ऋण </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B2-64.html"> नीतिगत पहल </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88-55.html"> पानी और साफ-सफाई </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0-54.html"> खेती पर असर </option><option value="https://im4change.in/hindi/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-52.html"> खबरदार </option><option 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href="https://im4change.in/hindi/agricultural-crisis/घटती-आमदनी-18.html?pgno=3#लेवल-एंड-पैटर्न-ऑफ-कंज्यूमर-एक्सपेंडिचर-2011-12प्रकाशित-2014-की-फरवरी">लेवल एंड पैटर्न ऑफ कंज्यूमर एक्सपेंडिचर 2011-12(प्रकाशित 2014 की फरवरी)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/agricultural-crisis/घटती-आमदनी-18.html?pgno=4#रिपोर्ट-ऑन-कंडीशन-ऑव-वर्क-एंड-प्रोमोशन-ऑव-लाइवलीहुड-इन-द-अन-आर्गनाइज्ड-सेक्टर">रिपोर्ट ऑन कंडीशन ऑव वर्क एंड प्रोमोशन ऑव लाइवलीहुड इन द अन-आर्गनाइज्ड सेक्टर</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p> <p style="text-align:justify"><strong>एनएसएस के 68 वें दौर की गणना पर आधारित रिपोर्ट <a name="लेवल-एंड-पैटर्न-ऑफ-कंज्यूमर-एक्सपेंडिचर-2011-12प्रकाशित-2014-की-फरवरी">लेवल एंड पैटर्न ऑफ कंज्यूमर एक्सपेंडिचर 2011-12(प्रकाशित 2014 की फरवरी)</a> के अनुसार-</strong> <br /> <a href="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf" title="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf" title="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf" title="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf">http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/nss_rep_555.pdf</a><br /> <br /> (<span>यह</span> <span>रिपोर्ट पूरे देश के </span>7469 <span>गांव और </span>5268 <span>शहरी खंड से हासिल सूचनाओं पर</span> <span>आधारित है। उपभोक्ता व्यय पर सूचना एकत्र करने के लिए दो अलग-अलग सूचियां</span> <span>तैयार की गईं और पहली सूची में </span>101662 <span>परिवारों से तथा दूसरी सूची में</span> 101651 <span>परिवारों से जानकारी हासिल की गई)</span><br /> <br /> <br /> --- <span>रिपोर्ट के अनुसार </span>2011-12 <span>में ग्रामीण भारत में प्रतिव्यक्ति</span> <span>औसत मासिक उपभोक्ता व्यय </span>1430 <span>रुपये और शहरी भारत में </span>2630 <span>रुपये का है।</span> <span>दोनों के बीच में </span>84 <span>प्रतिशत का अन्तर है।</span><br /> <br /> --- 5 <span>प्रतिशत निर्धनतम</span> <span>ग्रामीण जनता का प्रति व्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>521 <span>रुपये था। </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत</span> <span>निर्धनतम नगरीय जनता का प्रति व्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>700 <span>रुपये था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>एमपीसीई(मंथली पर कैपिटा एक्सपेंडिचर) अर्थात प्रतिव्यक्ति मासिक</span> <span>व्यय के लिए बनाए गए स्तरों में ग्रामीण आबादी के ऊपरले यानी समृद्धतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत हिस्से का प्रतिव्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>4481 <span>रुपये था। यह राशि</span> <span>निर्धनतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत ग्रामीण आबादी के एमपीसीई की तुलना में </span>8.6 <span>गुणा ज्यादा</span> <span>है।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>नगरीय आबादी के ऊपरले यानी समृद्धतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत हिस्से का</span> <span>प्रतिव्यक्ति औसत मासिक व्यय </span>10282 <span>रुपये था। यह राशि नगरीय आबादी के</span> <span>निर्धनतम </span>5 <span>प्रतिशत आबादी के एमपीसीई की तुलना में </span>14.7 <span>गुना ज्यादा है।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>प्रमुख राज्यों के बीच केरल ग्रामीण एमपीसीई के मामले में सबसे आगे(</span>2669 <span>रुपये) रहा। इसके बाद पंजाब(</span>2345 <span>रुपये) और हरियाणा(</span>2176 <span>रुपये) थे। अन्य</span> <span>सभी प्रमुख राज्यों का औसत एमपीसीई </span>1000 <span>रुपये से लेकर </span>1760 <span>रुपये के बीच</span> <span>पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>उड़ीसा और झारखंड के ग्रामीण हिस्से में सबसे कम औसत एमपीसीई(</span>1000 <span>रुपये) पाया गया जबकि छत्तीसगढ़ के ग्रामीण इलाके में औसत एमपीसीई </span>1030 <span>रुपये पाया गया। बिहार</span>, <span>मध्यप्रदेश एवं उत्तरप्रदेश के ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों</span> <span>औसत एमपीसीई </span>1120 <span>रुपये से लेकर </span>1160 <span>रुपये के बीच पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>नगरीय क्षेत्र में सर्वोच्च एमपीसीई(</span>3817 <span>रुपये) वाला राज्य</span> <span>हरियाणा रहा। इसके बाद</span>, <span>इस मामले में केरल(</span>3408 <span>रुपये) एवं महाराष्ट्र(</span>3189 <span>रुपये) का औसत एमपीसीई नगरीय क्षेत्रों के लिए अन्य राज्यों की तुलना में</span> <span>ऊंचा पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>बिहार को छोड़कर (नगरीय एमपीसीई </span>1507 <span>रुपये) किसी भी प्रमुख राज्य का नगरीय एमपीसीई </span>1860 <span>रुपये से कम नहीं था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>पंजाब के औसत ग्रामीण एमपीसीई से वहां के नगरीय खंडों का औसत एमपीसीई </span>19 <span>फीसदी अधिक था जबकि केरल में यह </span>28 <span>फीसदी तथा बिहार में </span>34 <span>प्रतिशत अधिक</span> <span>था। दूसरी तरफ पश्चिम बंगाल</span>, <span>झारखंड एवं महाराष्ट्र में नगरीय औसत ग्रामीण</span> <span>औसत से करीब दोगुना ज्यादा था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>समान संदर्भ अवधि द्वारा मापा गया वास्तविक एमपीसीई </span>1993-94 <span>से</span> 2011-12 <span>यानी </span>18 <span>साल की अवधि में ग्रामीण भारत में </span>38 <span>प्रतिशत तथा शहरी</span> <span>भारत में </span>51 <span>प्रतिशत बढ़ा है।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>गुजरात</span>, <span>राजस्थान एवं तमिलनाडु में औसत एमपीसीई नगरीय क्षेत्र में अखिल भारतीय औसत से कम था</span>, <span>किन्तु ग्रामीण क्षेत्र में नहीं।</span><br /> <br /> -- <span>भारत के ग्रामीण परिवारों का </span>2011 <span>के दौरान कुल-व्यय में</span> <span>खाद्य-पदार्थों के उपभोग पर किए गए व्यय का हिस्सा </span>53 <span>प्रतिशत था। इसमें</span> <span>अनाज एवं उसके स्थानापन्न पर </span>10.8 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, 8 <span>प्रतिशत दूध और दूध से बनी</span> <span>चीजों पर और </span>6 <span>प्रतिशत खर्च सब्जियों पर हुआ। अखाद्य मद वर्ग में खाना</span> <span>बनाने के इंधन और रोशनी का भाग </span>8 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>वस्त्र एवं जूते का </span>7 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>चिकित्सा खर्चे का </span>6.7 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>यात्रा एवं अन्य उपभोक्ता सेवाओं का </span>4 <span>प्रतिशत तथा</span> <span>उपभोक्ता वस्तुओं पर हुए खर्च का हिस्सा </span>4.5 <span>प्रतिशत था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>औसत नगरीय भारतीय के लिए पारिवारिक उपभोग के मूल्य का </span>42.6 <span>प्रतिशत</span> <span>खाद्य पर</span>, 6.7 <span>प्रतिशत अनाज पर एवम् </span>7 <span>प्रतिशत दूध एवं दूध से बने पदार्थ</span> <span>पर व्यय हुआ था।</span><br /> <br /> ---- <span>कुल उपभोक्ता व्यय में अधिकतर खाद्य मद समूहो</span> <span>का हिस्सा नगरीय भारत की तुलना में ग्रामीण भारत में अधिक था</span>, <span>फल एवं</span> <span>प्रसंस्कृत आहार इसके अपवाद रहे। नगरीय एवं ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों के बीच</span> <span>उपभोक्ता व्यय के मामले में सर्वाधिक अन्तर अनाज के मामले में( नगरीय भाग</span> 6.9 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>ग्रामीण भाग </span>10.8 <span>प्रतिशत तथा किराया(नगरीय </span>6.2 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>ग्रामीण </span>0.5 <span>प्रतिशत)</span>, <span>एवं शिक्षा( नगरीय </span>6.9 <span>प्रतिशत</span>, <span>ग्रामीण </span>3.5 <span>प्रतिशत) के मामले में पाया गया।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>प्रति व्यक्ति औसत अनाज की खपत प्रतिमाह(सभी उम्र के व्यक्तियों के</span> <span>लिए) ग्रामीण भारत में </span>11.2 <span>किलो एवं नगरीय भारत में </span>9.2 <span>किलो था।</span><br /> <br /> --- <span>ग्रामीण भारत में </span>10 <span>प्रतिशत जनता के लिए प्रति व्यक्ति औसत मासिक अनाज की</span> <span>खपत </span>10.0 <span>किलो के आसपास थी। एमपीसीई में बढ़त के साथ ही</span>, <span>यह बढ़ते हुए</span> <span>देखी गई</span>, <span>तेजी से यह बढ़त </span>10-20 <span>वर्ग में </span>11 <span>किलो तक पहुंची और फिर</span> <span>धीरे-धीरे बढ़कर </span>80-90 <span>वर्ग में </span>11.5 <span>किलो तक पहुंची। नगरीय भारत में</span> <span>एमपीसीई में बढ़त के 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