Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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&nbsp;खास बात

&bull; 2018 में,&nbsp;189 देशों और संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा मान्यता प्राप्त&nbsp;क्षेत्रों में&nbsp;भारत मानव&nbsp;विकास सूचकांक&nbsp;(एचडीआई) में&nbsp;129वें पायदान पर&nbsp;(एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.647) था, जबकि चीन 85वें (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.758), श्रीलंका 71वें (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.780), भूटान 134वें&nbsp; (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.617), बांग्लादेश 135 वें (एचडीआई..."/>
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&bull; 2018 में,&nbsp;189 देशों और संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा मान्यता प्राप्त&nbsp;क्षेत्रों में&nbsp;भारत मानव&nbsp;विकास सूचकांक&nbsp;(एचडीआई) में&nbsp;129वें पायदान पर&nbsp;(एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.647) था, जबकि चीन 85वें (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.758), श्रीलंका 71वें (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.780), भूटान 134वें&nbsp; (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.617), बांग्लादेश 135 वें (एचडीआई..." />
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=2#संयुक्त-राष्ट्र-विकास-कार्यक्रम-यूएनडीपी-ने-जारी-की-मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2023-24-पढ़ें-इसकी-खास-बातें">संयुक्त राष्ट्र विकास कार्यक्रम (यूएनडीपी) ने जारी की मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2023-24 , पढ़ें इसकी खास बातें</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=3#संयुक्त-राष्ट्र-विकास-कार्यक्रमnbspयूएनडीपीnbspनेnbspमानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2021-22-जारी-की-है">संयुक्त राष्ट्र विकास कार्यक्रम&nbsp;(यूएनडीपी)&nbsp;ने&nbsp;मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2021-22 जारी की है</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=4#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2020-द-नेक्सट-फर्न्टियर-ndash-ह्युमन-डेवलपमेंट-एंड-द-मानव-विकास-और-एंथ्रोप्रसीन-दिसंबर-2020-में-जारी">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2020: द नेक्सट फर्न्टियर &ndash; ह्युमन डेवलपमेंट एंड द मानव विकास और एंथ्रोप्रसीन (दिसंबर 2020 में जारी)</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=5#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2019">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2019 </a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=6#मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-और-संकेतक-2018">मानव विकास सूचकांक और संकेतक: 2018</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=7#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2016">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2016</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=8#ह्युमन-डेवलपमेंट-रिपोर्ट-2015-वर्क-फॉर-ह्यूमन-डेवलपमेंट">ह्युमन डेवलपमेंट रिपोर्ट 2015: वर्क फॉर ह्यूमन डेवलपमेंट</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=9#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2014">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2014</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=10#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2013-द-राइज़-ऑफ़-द-साउथ-ह्यूमन-प्रोग्रेस-इन-अ-डाइवर्स-वर्ल्ड">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट-2013: &quot;द राइज़ ऑफ़ द साउथ: ह्यूमन प्रोग्रेस इन अ डाइवर्स वर्ल्ड&quot;</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=11#योजना-आयोग-द्वारा-जारी-गरीबी-संबंधी-आकलन2009-10">योजना आयोग द्वारा जारी गरीबी संबंधी आकलन(2009-10) </a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=12#ह्यूमन-डेवलपमेंट-रिपोर्ट-2011-सस्टेनेबेलिटी-एंड-इक्यूटीअ-बेटर-फ्यूचर-फॉर-ऑल">ह्यूमन डेवलपमेंट रिपोर्ट 2011- सस्टेनेबेलिटी एंड इक्यूटी:अ बेटर फ्यूचर फॉर ऑल</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=13#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-ndash-2010">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट &ndash; 2010</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=13#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2007-08">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2007-08</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=13#राष्ट्रीय-मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2001">राष्ट्रीय मानव विकास रिपोर्ट (2001)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=14#योजना-आयोग-द्वारा-प्रस्तुत-ग्यारहवीं-पंचवर्षीय-योजना-के-दस्तावेज-के-अनुसार">योजना आयोग द्वारा प्रस्तुत ग्यारहवीं पंचवर्षीय योजना के दस्तावेज के अनुसार</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
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                            </div>

<div>
<p>यूएनडीपी द्वारा तैयार <a name="मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2016">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2016</a>: सभी के लिए मानव विकास के अनुसार (कृपया उपयोग करने के लिए <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Human%20Development%20Report%202016%20UNDP.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Human%20Development%20Report%202016%20UNDP.pdf">यहां</a>, <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20HDI%202016.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20HDI%202016.pdf">यहां</a>&nbsp;और <a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/IND" title="http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/IND">यहां</a> क्लिक करें.):<br />
&nbsp;<br />
&bull; 2015 में, 188 देशों में भारत की मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) रैंकिंग 131 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.624) रही, जबकि चीन की रैंकिंग 90 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.738), भूटान की 132 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.607), बांग्लादेश की 139 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.579) और पाकिस्तान का 147 वीं (मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) &nbsp;वेल्यू 0.550) रैंकिंग थी.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत की मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) &nbsp;रैंकिंग 2014 और 2015 के बीच 131 वें स्थान पर रही, जबकि चीन की रैंकिंग 2014 में 91 वें से सुधरकर साल 2015 में 90 वें स्थान पर रही है.</p>

<p>&bull; 1990 और 2015 के बीच, भारत के लिए औसत वार्षिक मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वृद्धि 1.52 प्रतिशत, चीन 1.57 प्रतिशत, बांग्लादेश 1.64 प्रतिशत, पाकिस्तान 1.24 प्रतिशत और श्रीलंका 0.82 प्रतिशत है.</p>

<p>&bull; 1990 और 2015 के बीच, भारत का मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वेल्यू 0.428 से बढ़कर 0.624 हो गया (- 45.7 प्रतिशत की वृद्धि). 1990 और 2015 के बीच, जन्म के समय भारत की जीवन प्रत्याशा 10.4 वर्ष बढ़ी, &nbsp;औसत स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 3.3 वर्ष बढ़े और अपेक्षित स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 4.1 वर्ष बढ़े. 1990 और 2015 के बीच भारत की GNI प्रति व्यक्ति लगभग 223.4 प्रतिशत बढ़ी.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत की एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.624 साल 2015 के मध्यम मानव विकास समूह के देशों के लिए एचडीआई 0.631 के औसत और दक्षिण एशिया के देशों के लिए एचडीआई 0.621 के औसत से नीचे है.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 के लिए भारत का मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) &nbsp;0.624 था. हालांकि, हालांकि, जब असमानता के लिए वेल्यू सिस्टम को हटाते हैं, तो एचडीआई 0.454 पर गिर जाता है, मानव विकास सूचकांक में असमानता के कारण 27.2 प्रतिशत तक गिरावट दर्ज की गई. बांग्लादेश और पाकिस्तान क्रमशः 28.9 प्रतिशत और 30.9 प्रतिशत की असमानता के कारण तक गिरावट दर्ज की गई. मध्यम एचडीआई देशों के लिए असमानता के कारण औसत नुकसान 25.7 प्रतिशत है और दक्षिण एशिया के लिए यह 27.7 प्रतिशत है. भारत के लिए मानव असमानता गुणांक 26.5 प्रतिशत के बराबर है.</p>

<p>&bull; साल 2015 के दौरान, भारत में जन्म के समय जीवन प्रत्याशा 68.3 वर्ष थी, स्कूली शिक्षा के अपेक्षित वर्ष 11.7 वर्ष, औसत स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 6.3 वर्ष और सकल राष्ट्रीय आय (जीएनआई) प्रति व्यक्ति (2011 पीपीपी $ के संदर्भ में) 5663 थी.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत में जीनी गुणांक (आय असमानता को मापने का आधिकारिक सूत्र, जो शून्य और 100 के बीच भिन्न होता है, शून्य के साथ पूर्ण समानता और 100 पूर्ण असमानता को दर्शाता है) 35.1 है जबकि चीन का जीनी गुणांक 42.2 और भूटान का 38.8 है.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत में पुरुषों की एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.671 के मुकाबले महिला विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वेल्यू 0.549 थी.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 में, भारत की लिंग विकास सूचकांक वेल्यू 0.819 थी, जो चीन (GDI मूल्य 0.954), नेपाल (GDI मूल्य 0.925), भूटान (GDI मूल्य 0.900), श्रीलंका (GDI मूल्य 0.934) और बांग्लादेश (GDI मूल्य 0.927) से कम है.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 के दौरान, भारत ने लैंगिक असमानता सूचकांक के संदर्भ में 125 वें (GII मूल्य 0.530) स्थान पर जबकि चीन 159 देशों में से 37 वें (GII मूल्य 0.164) स्थान पर रहा. इसकी तुलना में, बांग्लादेश और पाकिस्तान इस सूचकांक में क्रमशः 119 वें और 130 वें स्थान पर थे.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 में, भारत में मातृ मृत्यु अनुपात (MMR) 174 था जबकि चीन में यह 27 था. MMR एक निश्चित समयावधि में प्रति 1,00,000 जीवित जन्मों के दौरान मातृ मृत्यु की संख्या है.</p>

<p>&bull; चीन की 23.6 प्रतिशत की तुलना में 2014 में संसद में लगभग 12.2 प्रतिशत सीटें भारतीय महिलाओं के पास थीं.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत में 35.3 प्रतिशत वयस्क महिलाएं अपने पुरुष समकक्षों के 61.4 प्रतिशत की तुलना में कम से कम कुछ माध्यमिक शिक्षा तक पहुंची हैं.</p>

<p>&bull; श्रम बाजार में पुरुषों (79.1) के मुकाबले महिलाओं की भागीदारी 26.8 प्रतिशत थी.</p>

<p>&bull; 2004-2013 के दौरान वैधानिक पेंशन की आयु के अनुपात के रूप में वृद्धावस्था पेंशन प्राप्तकर्ता भारत में 24.1 प्रतिशत थे, जबकि चीन में 74.4 प्रतिशत थे.</p>

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&nbsp;खास बात

&bull; 2018 में,&nbsp;189 देशों और संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा मान्यता प्राप्त&nbsp;क्षेत्रों में&nbsp;भारत मानव&nbsp;विकास सूचकांक&nbsp;(एचडीआई) में&nbsp;129वें पायदान पर&nbsp;(एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.647) था, जबकि चीन 85वें (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.758), श्रीलंका 71वें (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.780), भूटान 134वें&nbsp; (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.617), बांग्लादेश 135 वें (एचडीआई..." />
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=2#संयुक्त-राष्ट्र-विकास-कार्यक्रम-यूएनडीपी-ने-जारी-की-मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2023-24-पढ़ें-इसकी-खास-बातें">संयुक्त राष्ट्र विकास कार्यक्रम (यूएनडीपी) ने जारी की मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2023-24 , पढ़ें इसकी खास बातें</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=3#संयुक्त-राष्ट्र-विकास-कार्यक्रमnbspयूएनडीपीnbspनेnbspमानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2021-22-जारी-की-है">संयुक्त राष्ट्र विकास कार्यक्रम&nbsp;(यूएनडीपी)&nbsp;ने&nbsp;मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2021-22 जारी की है</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=4#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2020-द-नेक्सट-फर्न्टियर-ndash-ह्युमन-डेवलपमेंट-एंड-द-मानव-विकास-और-एंथ्रोप्रसीन-दिसंबर-2020-में-जारी">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2020: द नेक्सट फर्न्टियर &ndash; ह्युमन डेवलपमेंट एंड द मानव विकास और एंथ्रोप्रसीन (दिसंबर 2020 में जारी)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=5#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2019">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2019 </a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=6#मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-और-संकेतक-2018">मानव विकास सूचकांक और संकेतक: 2018</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=7#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2016">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2016</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=8#ह्युमन-डेवलपमेंट-रिपोर्ट-2015-वर्क-फॉर-ह्यूमन-डेवलपमेंट">ह्युमन डेवलपमेंट रिपोर्ट 2015: वर्क फॉर ह्यूमन डेवलपमेंट</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=9#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2014">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2014</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=10#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2013-द-राइज़-ऑफ़-द-साउथ-ह्यूमन-प्रोग्रेस-इन-अ-डाइवर्स-वर्ल्ड">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट-2013: &quot;द राइज़ ऑफ़ द साउथ: ह्यूमन प्रोग्रेस इन अ डाइवर्स वर्ल्ड&quot;</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=11#योजना-आयोग-द्वारा-जारी-गरीबी-संबंधी-आकलन2009-10">योजना आयोग द्वारा जारी गरीबी संबंधी आकलन(2009-10) </a>
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                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=12#ह्यूमन-डेवलपमेंट-रिपोर्ट-2011-सस्टेनेबेलिटी-एंड-इक्यूटीअ-बेटर-फ्यूचर-फॉर-ऑल">ह्यूमन डेवलपमेंट रिपोर्ट 2011- सस्टेनेबेलिटी एंड इक्यूटी:अ बेटर फ्यूचर फॉर ऑल</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=13#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-ndash-2010">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट &ndash; 2010</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=13#मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2007-08">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2007-08</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=13#राष्ट्रीय-मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2001">राष्ट्रीय मानव विकास रिपोर्ट (2001)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मानव-विकास-सूचकांक-45.html?pgno=14#योजना-आयोग-द्वारा-प्रस्तुत-ग्यारहवीं-पंचवर्षीय-योजना-के-दस्तावेज-के-अनुसार">योजना आयोग द्वारा प्रस्तुत ग्यारहवीं पंचवर्षीय योजना के दस्तावेज के अनुसार</a>
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                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
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<p>यूएनडीपी द्वारा तैयार <a name="मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2016">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2016</a>: सभी के लिए मानव विकास के अनुसार (कृपया उपयोग करने के लिए <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Human%20Development%20Report%202016%20UNDP.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Human%20Development%20Report%202016%20UNDP.pdf">यहां</a>, <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20HDI%202016.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20HDI%202016.pdf">यहां</a>&nbsp;और <a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/IND" title="http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/IND">यहां</a> क्लिक करें.):<br />
&nbsp;<br />
&bull; 2015 में, 188 देशों में भारत की मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) रैंकिंग 131 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.624) रही, जबकि चीन की रैंकिंग 90 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.738), भूटान की 132 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.607), बांग्लादेश की 139 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.579) और पाकिस्तान का 147 वीं (मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) &nbsp;वेल्यू 0.550) रैंकिंग थी.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत की मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) &nbsp;रैंकिंग 2014 और 2015 के बीच 131 वें स्थान पर रही, जबकि चीन की रैंकिंग 2014 में 91 वें से सुधरकर साल 2015 में 90 वें स्थान पर रही है.</p>

<p>&bull; 1990 और 2015 के बीच, भारत के लिए औसत वार्षिक मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वृद्धि 1.52 प्रतिशत, चीन 1.57 प्रतिशत, बांग्लादेश 1.64 प्रतिशत, पाकिस्तान 1.24 प्रतिशत और श्रीलंका 0.82 प्रतिशत है.</p>

<p>&bull; 1990 और 2015 के बीच, भारत का मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वेल्यू 0.428 से बढ़कर 0.624 हो गया (- 45.7 प्रतिशत की वृद्धि). 1990 और 2015 के बीच, जन्म के समय भारत की जीवन प्रत्याशा 10.4 वर्ष बढ़ी, &nbsp;औसत स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 3.3 वर्ष बढ़े और अपेक्षित स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 4.1 वर्ष बढ़े. 1990 और 2015 के बीच भारत की GNI प्रति व्यक्ति लगभग 223.4 प्रतिशत बढ़ी.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत की एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.624 साल 2015 के मध्यम मानव विकास समूह के देशों के लिए एचडीआई 0.631 के औसत और दक्षिण एशिया के देशों के लिए एचडीआई 0.621 के औसत से नीचे है.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 के लिए भारत का मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) &nbsp;0.624 था. हालांकि, हालांकि, जब असमानता के लिए वेल्यू सिस्टम को हटाते हैं, तो एचडीआई 0.454 पर गिर जाता है, मानव विकास सूचकांक में असमानता के कारण 27.2 प्रतिशत तक गिरावट दर्ज की गई. बांग्लादेश और पाकिस्तान क्रमशः 28.9 प्रतिशत और 30.9 प्रतिशत की असमानता के कारण तक गिरावट दर्ज की गई. मध्यम एचडीआई देशों के लिए असमानता के कारण औसत नुकसान 25.7 प्रतिशत है और दक्षिण एशिया के लिए यह 27.7 प्रतिशत है. भारत के लिए मानव असमानता गुणांक 26.5 प्रतिशत के बराबर है.</p>

<p>&bull; साल 2015 के दौरान, भारत में जन्म के समय जीवन प्रत्याशा 68.3 वर्ष थी, स्कूली शिक्षा के अपेक्षित वर्ष 11.7 वर्ष, औसत स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 6.3 वर्ष और सकल राष्ट्रीय आय (जीएनआई) प्रति व्यक्ति (2011 पीपीपी $ के संदर्भ में) 5663 थी.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत में जीनी गुणांक (आय असमानता को मापने का आधिकारिक सूत्र, जो शून्य और 100 के बीच भिन्न होता है, शून्य के साथ पूर्ण समानता और 100 पूर्ण असमानता को दर्शाता है) 35.1 है जबकि चीन का जीनी गुणांक 42.2 और भूटान का 38.8 है.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत में पुरुषों की एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.671 के मुकाबले महिला विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वेल्यू 0.549 थी.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 में, भारत की लिंग विकास सूचकांक वेल्यू 0.819 थी, जो चीन (GDI मूल्य 0.954), नेपाल (GDI मूल्य 0.925), भूटान (GDI मूल्य 0.900), श्रीलंका (GDI मूल्य 0.934) और बांग्लादेश (GDI मूल्य 0.927) से कम है.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 के दौरान, भारत ने लैंगिक असमानता सूचकांक के संदर्भ में 125 वें (GII मूल्य 0.530) स्थान पर जबकि चीन 159 देशों में से 37 वें (GII मूल्य 0.164) स्थान पर रहा. इसकी तुलना में, बांग्लादेश और पाकिस्तान इस सूचकांक में क्रमशः 119 वें और 130 वें स्थान पर थे.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 में, भारत में मातृ मृत्यु अनुपात (MMR) 174 था जबकि चीन में यह 27 था. MMR एक निश्चित समयावधि में प्रति 1,00,000 जीवित जन्मों के दौरान मातृ मृत्यु की संख्या है.</p>

<p>&bull; चीन की 23.6 प्रतिशत की तुलना में 2014 में संसद में लगभग 12.2 प्रतिशत सीटें भारतीय महिलाओं के पास थीं.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत में 35.3 प्रतिशत वयस्क महिलाएं अपने पुरुष समकक्षों के 61.4 प्रतिशत की तुलना में कम से कम कुछ माध्यमिक शिक्षा तक पहुंची हैं.</p>

<p>&bull; श्रम बाजार में पुरुषों (79.1) के मुकाबले महिलाओं की भागीदारी 26.8 प्रतिशत थी.</p>

<p>&bull; 2004-2013 के दौरान वैधानिक पेंशन की आयु के अनुपात के रूप में वृद्धावस्था पेंशन प्राप्तकर्ता भारत में 24.1 प्रतिशत थे, जबकि चीन में 74.4 प्रतिशत थे.</p>

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&bull; 2018 में,&nbsp;189 देशों और संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा मान्यता प्राप्त&nbsp;क्षेत्रों में&nbsp;भारत मानव&nbsp;विकास सूचकांक&nbsp;(एचडीआई) में&nbsp;129वें पायदान पर&nbsp;(एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.647) था, जबकि चीन 85वें (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.758), श्रीलंका 71वें (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.780), भूटान 134वें&nbsp; (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.617), बांग्लादेश 135 वें (एचडीआई..."/>
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/empowerment/विस्थापन-2851.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/empowerment/नरेगा-39.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/empowerment/जेंडर-2852.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/empowerment/वनाधिकार-61.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/empowerment/सोशल-ऑडिट-48.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/poverty-and-inequality.html"
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                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:10px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/शिक्षा-50.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/सवाल-सेहत-का-51.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/what-is-sdg-know-it-all.html"
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                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:10px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/कुपोषण-41.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/भुखमरी-एक-आकलन-40.html"
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                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:10px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/मिड-डे-मील-एमडीएमएस-योजना-53.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">मिड डे मील (एमडीएमएस) योजना                                                       </a>
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/hunger/सार्वजनिक-वितरण-प्रणाली-42.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/कर्ज-आत्महत्या/नीतिगत-पहल-64.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/environment/पानी-और-साफ-सफाई-55.html"
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                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:10px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/environment/खेती-पर-असर-54.html"
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                                                                                                    <p style="padding-left:10px;">
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                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:10px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/law-and-justice/न्यायकितना-दूर-कितना-पास-47.html"
                                                       class="left postionrel">न्याय:कितना दूर-कितना पास                                                       </a>
                                                </p>
                                                                                                        <p style="padding-left:10px;">
                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/law-and-justice/मानवाधिकार-56.html"
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                                                </p>
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/law-and-justice/भ्रष्टाचार-35.html"
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                                                    <a  target="_blank" href="https://im4change.in/hindi/law-and-justice/आपदा-और-राहत-49.html"
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<p>यूएनडीपी द्वारा तैयार <a name="मानव-विकास-रिपोर्ट-2016">मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2016</a>: सभी के लिए मानव विकास के अनुसार (कृपया उपयोग करने के लिए <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Human%20Development%20Report%202016%20UNDP.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Human%20Development%20Report%202016%20UNDP.pdf">यहां</a>, <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20HDI%202016.pdf" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/India%20HDI%202016.pdf">यहां</a>&nbsp;और <a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/IND" title="http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/IND">यहां</a> क्लिक करें.):<br />
&nbsp;<br />
&bull; 2015 में, 188 देशों में भारत की मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) रैंकिंग 131 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.624) रही, जबकि चीन की रैंकिंग 90 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.738), भूटान की 132 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.607), बांग्लादेश की 139 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.579) और पाकिस्तान का 147 वीं (मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) &nbsp;वेल्यू 0.550) रैंकिंग थी.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत की मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) &nbsp;रैंकिंग 2014 और 2015 के बीच 131 वें स्थान पर रही, जबकि चीन की रैंकिंग 2014 में 91 वें से सुधरकर साल 2015 में 90 वें स्थान पर रही है.</p>

<p>&bull; 1990 और 2015 के बीच, भारत के लिए औसत वार्षिक मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वृद्धि 1.52 प्रतिशत, चीन 1.57 प्रतिशत, बांग्लादेश 1.64 प्रतिशत, पाकिस्तान 1.24 प्रतिशत और श्रीलंका 0.82 प्रतिशत है.</p>

<p>&bull; 1990 और 2015 के बीच, भारत का मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वेल्यू 0.428 से बढ़कर 0.624 हो गया (- 45.7 प्रतिशत की वृद्धि). 1990 और 2015 के बीच, जन्म के समय भारत की जीवन प्रत्याशा 10.4 वर्ष बढ़ी, &nbsp;औसत स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 3.3 वर्ष बढ़े और अपेक्षित स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 4.1 वर्ष बढ़े. 1990 और 2015 के बीच भारत की GNI प्रति व्यक्ति लगभग 223.4 प्रतिशत बढ़ी.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत की एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.624 साल 2015 के मध्यम मानव विकास समूह के देशों के लिए एचडीआई 0.631 के औसत और दक्षिण एशिया के देशों के लिए एचडीआई 0.621 के औसत से नीचे है.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 के लिए भारत का मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) &nbsp;0.624 था. हालांकि, हालांकि, जब असमानता के लिए वेल्यू सिस्टम को हटाते हैं, तो एचडीआई 0.454 पर गिर जाता है, मानव विकास सूचकांक में असमानता के कारण 27.2 प्रतिशत तक गिरावट दर्ज की गई. बांग्लादेश और पाकिस्तान क्रमशः 28.9 प्रतिशत और 30.9 प्रतिशत की असमानता के कारण तक गिरावट दर्ज की गई. मध्यम एचडीआई देशों के लिए असमानता के कारण औसत नुकसान 25.7 प्रतिशत है और दक्षिण एशिया के लिए यह 27.7 प्रतिशत है. भारत के लिए मानव असमानता गुणांक 26.5 प्रतिशत के बराबर है.</p>

<p>&bull; साल 2015 के दौरान, भारत में जन्म के समय जीवन प्रत्याशा 68.3 वर्ष थी, स्कूली शिक्षा के अपेक्षित वर्ष 11.7 वर्ष, औसत स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 6.3 वर्ष और सकल राष्ट्रीय आय (जीएनआई) प्रति व्यक्ति (2011 पीपीपी $ के संदर्भ में) 5663 थी.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत में जीनी गुणांक (आय असमानता को मापने का आधिकारिक सूत्र, जो शून्य और 100 के बीच भिन्न होता है, शून्य के साथ पूर्ण समानता और 100 पूर्ण असमानता को दर्शाता है) 35.1 है जबकि चीन का जीनी गुणांक 42.2 और भूटान का 38.8 है.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत में पुरुषों की एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.671 के मुकाबले महिला विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वेल्यू 0.549 थी.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 में, भारत की लिंग विकास सूचकांक वेल्यू 0.819 थी, जो चीन (GDI मूल्य 0.954), नेपाल (GDI मूल्य 0.925), भूटान (GDI मूल्य 0.900), श्रीलंका (GDI मूल्य 0.934) और बांग्लादेश (GDI मूल्य 0.927) से कम है.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 के दौरान, भारत ने लैंगिक असमानता सूचकांक के संदर्भ में 125 वें (GII मूल्य 0.530) स्थान पर जबकि चीन 159 देशों में से 37 वें (GII मूल्य 0.164) स्थान पर रहा. इसकी तुलना में, बांग्लादेश और पाकिस्तान इस सूचकांक में क्रमशः 119 वें और 130 वें स्थान पर थे.</p>

<p>&bull; 2015 में, भारत में मातृ मृत्यु अनुपात (MMR) 174 था जबकि चीन में यह 27 था. MMR एक निश्चित समयावधि में प्रति 1,00,000 जीवित जन्मों के दौरान मातृ मृत्यु की संख्या है.</p>

<p>&bull; चीन की 23.6 प्रतिशत की तुलना में 2014 में संसद में लगभग 12.2 प्रतिशत सीटें भारतीय महिलाओं के पास थीं.</p>

<p>&bull; भारत में 35.3 प्रतिशत वयस्क महिलाएं अपने पुरुष समकक्षों के 61.4 प्रतिशत की तुलना में कम से कम कुछ माध्यमिक शिक्षा तक पहुंची हैं.</p>

<p>&bull; श्रम बाजार में पुरुषों (79.1) के मुकाबले महिलाओं की भागीदारी 26.8 प्रतिशत थी.</p>

<p>&bull; 2004-2013 के दौरान वैधानिक पेंशन की आयु के अनुपात के रूप में वृद्धावस्था पेंशन प्राप्तकर्ता भारत में 24.1 प्रतिशत थे, जबकि चीन में 74.4 प्रतिशत थे.</p>

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What's Inside संयुक्त राष्ट्र विकास कार्यक्रम (यूएनडीपी) ने जारी की मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2023-24 , पढ़ें इसकी खास बातें संयुक्त राष्ट्र विकास कार्यक्रम (यूएनडीपी) ने मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2021-22 जारी की है मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2020: द नेक्सट फर्न्टियर – ह्युमन डेवलपमेंट एंड द मानव विकास और एंथ्रोप्रसीन (दिसंबर 2020 में जारी) मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2019 मानव विकास सूचकांक और संकेतक: 2018 मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2016 ह्युमन डेवलपमेंट रिपोर्ट 2015: वर्क फॉर ह्यूमन डेवलपमेंट मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2014 मानव विकास रिपोर्ट-2013: "द राइज़ ऑफ़ द साउथ: ह्यूमन प्रोग्रेस इन अ डाइवर्स वर्ल्ड" योजना आयोग द्वारा जारी गरीबी संबंधी आकलन(2009-10) More ह्यूमन डेवलपमेंट रिपोर्ट 2011- सस्टेनेबेलिटी एंड इक्यूटी:अ बेटर फ्यूचर फॉर ऑल मानव विकास रिपोर्ट – 2010 मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2007-08 राष्ट्रीय मानव विकास रिपोर्ट (2001) योजना आयोग द्वारा प्रस्तुत ग्यारहवीं पंचवर्षीय योजना के दस्तावेज के अनुसार Less यूएनडीपी द्वारा तैयार मानव विकास रिपोर्ट 2016: सभी के लिए मानव विकास के अनुसार (कृपया उपयोग करने के लिए यहां, यहां और यहां क्लिक करें.):   • 2015 में, 188 देशों में भारत की मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) रैंकिंग 131 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.624) रही, जबकि चीन की रैंकिंग 90 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.738), भूटान की 132 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.607), बांग्लादेश की 139 वीं (एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.579) और पाकिस्तान का 147 वीं (मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई)  वेल्यू 0.550) रैंकिंग थी. • भारत की मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई)  रैंकिंग 2014 और 2015 के बीच 131 वें स्थान पर रही, जबकि चीन की रैंकिंग 2014 में 91 वें से सुधरकर साल 2015 में 90 वें स्थान पर रही है. • 1990 और 2015 के बीच, भारत के लिए औसत वार्षिक मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वृद्धि 1.52 प्रतिशत, चीन 1.57 प्रतिशत, बांग्लादेश 1.64 प्रतिशत, पाकिस्तान 1.24 प्रतिशत और श्रीलंका 0.82 प्रतिशत है. • 1990 और 2015 के बीच, भारत का मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वेल्यू 0.428 से बढ़कर 0.624 हो गया (- 45.7 प्रतिशत की वृद्धि). 1990 और 2015 के बीच, जन्म के समय भारत की जीवन प्रत्याशा 10.4 वर्ष बढ़ी,  औसत स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 3.3 वर्ष बढ़े और अपेक्षित स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 4.1 वर्ष बढ़े. 1990 और 2015 के बीच भारत की GNI प्रति व्यक्ति लगभग 223.4 प्रतिशत बढ़ी. • भारत की एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.624 साल 2015 के मध्यम मानव विकास समूह के देशों के लिए एचडीआई 0.631 के औसत और दक्षिण एशिया के देशों के लिए एचडीआई 0.621 के औसत से नीचे है. • 2015 के लिए भारत का मानव विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई)  0.624 था. हालांकि, हालांकि, जब असमानता के लिए वेल्यू सिस्टम को हटाते हैं, तो एचडीआई 0.454 पर गिर जाता है, मानव विकास सूचकांक में असमानता के कारण 27.2 प्रतिशत तक गिरावट दर्ज की गई. बांग्लादेश और पाकिस्तान क्रमशः 28.9 प्रतिशत और 30.9 प्रतिशत की असमानता के कारण तक गिरावट दर्ज की गई. मध्यम एचडीआई देशों के लिए असमानता के कारण औसत नुकसान 25.7 प्रतिशत है और दक्षिण एशिया के लिए यह 27.7 प्रतिशत है. भारत के लिए मानव असमानता गुणांक 26.5 प्रतिशत के बराबर है. • साल 2015 के दौरान, भारत में जन्म के समय जीवन प्रत्याशा 68.3 वर्ष थी, स्कूली शिक्षा के अपेक्षित वर्ष 11.7 वर्ष, औसत स्कूली शिक्षा के वर्ष 6.3 वर्ष और सकल राष्ट्रीय आय (जीएनआई) प्रति व्यक्ति (2011 पीपीपी $ के संदर्भ में) 5663 थी. • भारत में जीनी गुणांक (आय असमानता को मापने का आधिकारिक सूत्र, जो शून्य और 100 के बीच भिन्न होता है, शून्य के साथ पूर्ण समानता और 100 पूर्ण असमानता को दर्शाता है) 35.1 है जबकि चीन का जीनी गुणांक 42.2 और भूटान का 38.8 है. • भारत में पुरुषों की एचडीआई वेल्यू 0.671 के मुकाबले महिला विकास सूचकांक (एचडीआई) वेल्यू 0.549 थी. • 2015 में, भारत की लिंग विकास सूचकांक वेल्यू 0.819 थी, जो चीन (GDI मूल्य 0.954), नेपाल (GDI मूल्य 0.925), भूटान (GDI मूल्य 0.900), श्रीलंका (GDI मूल्य 0.934) और बांग्लादेश (GDI मूल्य 0.927) से कम है. • 2015 के दौरान, भारत ने लैंगिक असमानता सूचकांक के संदर्भ में 125 वें (GII मूल्य 0.530) स्थान पर जबकि चीन 159 देशों में से 37 वें (GII मूल्य 0.164) स्थान पर रहा. इसकी तुलना में, बांग्लादेश और पाकिस्तान इस सूचकांक में क्रमशः 119 वें और 130 वें स्थान पर थे. • 2015 में, भारत में मातृ मृत्यु अनुपात (MMR) 174 था जबकि चीन में यह 27 था. MMR एक निश्चित समयावधि में प्रति 1,00,000 जीवित जन्मों के दौरान मातृ मृत्यु की संख्या है. • चीन की 23.6 प्रतिशत की तुलना में 2014 में संसद में लगभग 12.2 प्रतिशत सीटें भारतीय महिलाओं के पास थीं. • भारत में 35.3 प्रतिशत वयस्क महिलाएं अपने पुरुष समकक्षों के 61.4 प्रतिशत की तुलना में कम से कम कुछ माध्यमिक शिक्षा तक पहुंची हैं. • श्रम बाजार में पुरुषों (79.1) के मुकाबले महिलाओं की भागीदारी 26.8 प्रतिशत थी. • 2004-2013 के दौरान वैधानिक पेंशन की आयु के अनुपात के रूप में वृद्धावस्था पेंशन प्राप्तकर्ता भारत में 24.1 प्रतिशत थे, जबकि चीन में 74.4 प्रतिशत थे.   « previous1234567891011121314next »

 

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