Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Contexttrigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);}$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 150, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'index', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 97, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 150, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Contexttrigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);}$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 151, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'index', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 97, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 151, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. 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href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41/print" rel="nofollow"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/> </a> </section> <div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 10px;"> <div class="innerLineHeight"> <div class="middleContent innerInput hunger-hdi"> <table> <tr> <td> <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;"> <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;"> <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <div class="starlist"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2> <ul class="whatsinside"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#nutrients-requirements-for-indians-recommended-dietary-allowances-and-estimated-average-requirement-released-in-september-2020">Nutrients Requirements for Indians: Recommended Dietary Allowances and Estimated Average Requirement (released in September 2020)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#the-state-of-the-world39s-children-2019-children-food-and-nutrition-growing-well-in-a-changing-world-released-in-october-2019">The State of the World's Children 2019-Children, Food and Nutrition: Growing well in a changing world (released in October, 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=3#india-comprehensive-national-nutrition-survey-2016-2018-released-in-october-2019">India: Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey 2016-2018 (released in October 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=4#food-and-nutrition-security-analysis-india-2019-released-in-june-2019">Food and Nutrition Security Analysis, India, 2019 (released in June 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=5#global-nutrition-report-2018">Global Nutrition Report 2018</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=6#urban-hungama-report-nutrition-and-the-city-released-in-february-2018">Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=7#diet-and-nutritional-status-of-urban-population-in-india-and-prevalence-of-obesity-hypertension-diabetes-and-hyperlipidemia-in-urban-men-and-women-released-in-2017">Diet and Nutritional Status of Urban Population in India and Prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia in Urban Men and Women (released in 2017)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=8#nourishing-india-national-nutrition-strategy">Nourishing India: National Nutrition Strategy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=9#global-nutrition-report-2016">Global Nutrition Report 2016</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=10#india-health-report-nutrition-2015">India Health Report: Nutrition 2015</a> </li> </ul> <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div> <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=11#2015-global-nutrition-report-actions-and-accountability-to-advance-nutrition-sustainable-development-by-ifpri-released-in-september-2015">2015 Global Nutrition Report: Actions and Accountability to Advance Nutrition & Sustainable Development by IFPRI (released in September 2015)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12#public-accounts-committee-2014-15-report-on-icds-scheme-of-ministry-of-women-child-development">Public Accounts Committee (2014-15) report on ICDS Scheme of Ministry of Women & Child Development</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12#nutritional-intake-in-india-2011-12-published-in-october-2014">Nutritional Intake in India, 2011-12 (published in October 2014)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=13#global-nutrition-report-2014">Global Nutrition Report 2014</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14#executive-summary-of-the-lancet-series-on-maternal-and-child-nutrition">Executive Summary of the Lancet series on Maternal and Child Nutrition</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14#2013-unicef-report-improving-child-nutrition">2013 UNICEF report: Improving Child Nutrition</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=15#report-of-the-comptroller-and-auditor-general-of-india-on-performance-audit-of-integrated-child-development-services-icds-scheme">Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on Performance Audit of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=16#2012-global-hunger-index">2012 Global Hunger Index</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17#the-nutrition-barometer-gauging-national-responses-to-undernutrition-2012">The Nutrition Barometer: Gauging national responses to undernutrition (2012)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17#a-life-free-from-hunger-tackling-child-malnutrition-2012">A Life Free from Hunger: Tackling child malnutrition (2012)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=18#hungama-fighting-hunger-malnutrition-2011">HUNGaMA: Fighting Hunger & Malnutrition (2011)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=19#world-disaster-report-2011-focus-on-hunger-and-malnutrition">World Disaster Report 2011: Focus on Hunger and Malnutrition</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20#common-wealth-or-common-hunger-malnutrition-and-its-impact-on-child-survival-in-the-commonwealth-2010">Common Wealth or Common Hunger? Malnutrition and its impact on Child Survival in the Commonwealth (2010)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20#investing-in-the-future-a-united-call-to-action-on-vitamin-and-mineral-deficiencies-global-report-2009">Investing in the future: A United Call to Action on Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies-Global Report 2009</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=21#tracking-progress-on-child-and-maternal-nutrition-a-survival-and-development-priority">Tracking Progress on Child and Maternal Nutrition: A survival and development priority</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#nutritional-intake-in-india-2004-2005">Nutritional Intake in India: 2004-2005</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#national-family-health-survey-iii-2005-06">National Family Health Survey-III (2005-06)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#facilitating-improved-nutrition-for-pregnant-and-lactating-women-and-children-0ndash5-years-of-age">Facilitating Improved Nutrition for Pregnant and Lactating Women, and Children 0–5 Years of Age</a> </li> </ul> <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p><p style="text-align:justify"><br />According to the <a name="global-nutrition-report-2014">Global Nutrition Report 2014</a>: Actions and Accountability to Accelerate the World's Progress on Nutrition, prepared by IFPRI (Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Global%20Nutrition%20Report%202014.pdf" title="Global Nutrition Report 2014" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Global%20Nutrition%20Report%202014.pdf" title="Global Nutrition Report 2014">click here</a> to download):<br /><br />• Prevalence of stunting among children below 5 years age has reduced from 47.9% in 2005-06 (National Family Health Survey, NFHS-3) to 38.8% in 2013-14 (Rapid Survey on Children, RSOC). As a result, the population of under-five children affected by stunting has gone down from 5.82 crore in 2005-06 to 4.38 crore in 2013-14.<br /><br />• Prevalence of wasting among children below 5 years age has reduced from 20.0% in 2005-06 (National Family Health Survey, NFHS-3) to 15.0% in 2013-14 (Rapid Survey on Children, RSOC). As a result, the population of under-five children affected by wasting has gone down from 2.43 crore in 2005-06 to 1.69 crore in 2013-14.<br /><br />• The Government of India is yet to release all the findings of the 2013–2014 Rapid Survey on Children (RSOC). This new national survey, covering all 29 states in India, relies on data collected by the Ministry of Women and Child Development in partnership with UNICEF India. The Government has made preliminary estimates available for use in this Global Nutrition Report. Only data for children under age five are reported here.<br /><br />• The average annual rate of reduction in stunting (47.9 percent to 38.8 percent in eight years) is 2.6 percent—below India’s target rate of 3.7 percent but well above the rate of 1.7 percent estimated on the basis of previous surveys. Because India has such a large population and a high stunting prevalence, this rate of change affects the global numbers significantly. Comparisons between the two surveys (i.e 2005–2006 NFHS and 2013–2014 Rapid Survey on Children-RSOC) also show declines in wasting.<br /><br />• The rise in exclusive breastfeeding rates from 46.4 percent to 71.6 percent in eight years represents an average annual rate of increase of 5.5 percent—far above the rate required to meet India’s World Health Assembly (WHA) target by 2025 (1.5 percent). In fact, if the preliminary numbers hold, by 2025 India will have far surpassed its WHA exclusive breastfeeding target of 57 percent.<br /><br />• For India—the second-most populous country in the world—new and preliminary national data suggest it is experiencing a much faster improvement in World Health Assembly (WHA) indicators than currently assumed. For example, if the new preliminary estimates undergo no further significant adjustments, then the numbers of stunted children under the age of five in India has already declined by more than 10 million.<br /><br />• The Government of India has produced a new national survey on children. WHO and UNICEF have not yet reviewed the survey’s data and methodologies, and the survey results thus do not yet appear in the WHO’s Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition, but if the finalized rates of undernutrition are close to the preliminary reported rates, they should make us more optimistic about India's ability to meet the global World Health Assembly (WHA) goals.<br /><br />• Experiences from the Indian state of Maharashtra suggest that significant change in nutrition status can happen over the medium term as a result of determined action sustained over a period of 6–12 years.<br /><br />• There is a new statewide survey from Maharashtra in India (Haddad et al 2014). In the Maharashtra case study, it took only seven years to reduce child stunting by one-third, from 36.5 to 24.0 percent, for an annual average rate of reduction of 5.8 percent. Stunting declines resulted from a combination of nutrition-specific interventions, improved access to food and education, and reductions in poverty and fertility.<br /><br />• The benefit to cost ratio of scaling up nutrition-specific interventions for stunting reduction in India is 34.<br /><br /> <br> <div align="center" class="pagination"> <span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">« previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=4" class="articlepagination">4</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">5</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=10" class="articlepagination">10</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=11" class="articlepagination">11</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">12</a></span><span class="current">13</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14" class="articlepagination">14</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=15" class="articlepagination">15</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=16" class="articlepagination">16</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17" class="articlepagination">17</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=18" class="articlepagination">18</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=19" class="articlepagination">19</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20" class="articlepagination">20</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=21" class="articlepagination">21</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22" class="articlepagination">22</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14" class="articlepagination">next »</a></span> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <br><a href='/experts.php' class='re'>Rural Expert</a><div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 18px;"> <p class="post-tag">Tagged with: <a class="tagcloud5" href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Malnutrition" title="Malnutrition"> Malnutrition </a> </p> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <br><br> <div class="widget-top"> <h4>Related Articles</h4> <div class="stripe-line"></div> </div> <div class="widget-container"> <ul id="recentcomments"> <li class="recentcomments"> <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/hunger-and-malnutrition-in-india-after-a-decade-of-the-national-food-security-act-2013-neetu-sharma-jyotsna-sripada-shruthi-raman.html" title="Hunger and Malnutrition in India after a Decade of the National Food Security Act, 2013 - Neetu Sharma, Jyotsna Sripada, Shruthi Raman"> Hunger and Malnutrition in India after a Decade of the National Food Security Act, 2013 - Neetu Sharma, Jyotsna Sripada, Shruthi Raman </a> </li> <li class="recentcomments"> <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/two-out-of-10-infants-face-risk-of-food-deprivation-says-survey-g-s-mudur.html" title="Two out of 10 infants face risk of food deprivation, says survey - G.S. 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href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41/print" rel="nofollow"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/> </a> </section> <div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 10px;"> <div class="innerLineHeight"> <div class="middleContent innerInput hunger-hdi"> <table> <tr> <td> <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;"> <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;"> <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <div class="starlist"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2> <ul class="whatsinside"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#nutrients-requirements-for-indians-recommended-dietary-allowances-and-estimated-average-requirement-released-in-september-2020">Nutrients Requirements for Indians: Recommended Dietary Allowances and Estimated Average Requirement (released in September 2020)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#the-state-of-the-world39s-children-2019-children-food-and-nutrition-growing-well-in-a-changing-world-released-in-october-2019">The State of the World's Children 2019-Children, Food and Nutrition: Growing well in a changing world (released in October, 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=3#india-comprehensive-national-nutrition-survey-2016-2018-released-in-october-2019">India: Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey 2016-2018 (released in October 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=4#food-and-nutrition-security-analysis-india-2019-released-in-june-2019">Food and Nutrition Security Analysis, India, 2019 (released in June 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=5#global-nutrition-report-2018">Global Nutrition Report 2018</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=6#urban-hungama-report-nutrition-and-the-city-released-in-february-2018">Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=7#diet-and-nutritional-status-of-urban-population-in-india-and-prevalence-of-obesity-hypertension-diabetes-and-hyperlipidemia-in-urban-men-and-women-released-in-2017">Diet and Nutritional Status of Urban Population in India and Prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia in Urban Men and Women (released in 2017)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=8#nourishing-india-national-nutrition-strategy">Nourishing India: National Nutrition Strategy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=9#global-nutrition-report-2016">Global Nutrition Report 2016</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=10#india-health-report-nutrition-2015">India Health Report: Nutrition 2015</a> </li> </ul> <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div> <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=11#2015-global-nutrition-report-actions-and-accountability-to-advance-nutrition-sustainable-development-by-ifpri-released-in-september-2015">2015 Global Nutrition Report: Actions and Accountability to Advance Nutrition & Sustainable Development by IFPRI (released in September 2015)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12#public-accounts-committee-2014-15-report-on-icds-scheme-of-ministry-of-women-child-development">Public Accounts Committee (2014-15) report on ICDS Scheme of Ministry of Women & Child Development</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12#nutritional-intake-in-india-2011-12-published-in-october-2014">Nutritional Intake in India, 2011-12 (published in October 2014)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=13#global-nutrition-report-2014">Global Nutrition Report 2014</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14#executive-summary-of-the-lancet-series-on-maternal-and-child-nutrition">Executive Summary of the Lancet series on Maternal and Child Nutrition</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14#2013-unicef-report-improving-child-nutrition">2013 UNICEF report: Improving Child Nutrition</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=15#report-of-the-comptroller-and-auditor-general-of-india-on-performance-audit-of-integrated-child-development-services-icds-scheme">Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on Performance Audit of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=16#2012-global-hunger-index">2012 Global Hunger Index</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17#the-nutrition-barometer-gauging-national-responses-to-undernutrition-2012">The Nutrition Barometer: Gauging national responses to undernutrition (2012)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17#a-life-free-from-hunger-tackling-child-malnutrition-2012">A Life Free from Hunger: Tackling child malnutrition (2012)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=18#hungama-fighting-hunger-malnutrition-2011">HUNGaMA: Fighting Hunger & Malnutrition (2011)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=19#world-disaster-report-2011-focus-on-hunger-and-malnutrition">World Disaster Report 2011: Focus on Hunger and Malnutrition</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20#common-wealth-or-common-hunger-malnutrition-and-its-impact-on-child-survival-in-the-commonwealth-2010">Common Wealth or Common Hunger? Malnutrition and its impact on Child Survival in the Commonwealth (2010)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20#investing-in-the-future-a-united-call-to-action-on-vitamin-and-mineral-deficiencies-global-report-2009">Investing in the future: A United Call to Action on Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies-Global Report 2009</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=21#tracking-progress-on-child-and-maternal-nutrition-a-survival-and-development-priority">Tracking Progress on Child and Maternal Nutrition: A survival and development priority</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#nutritional-intake-in-india-2004-2005">Nutritional Intake in India: 2004-2005</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#national-family-health-survey-iii-2005-06">National Family Health Survey-III (2005-06)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#facilitating-improved-nutrition-for-pregnant-and-lactating-women-and-children-0ndash5-years-of-age">Facilitating Improved Nutrition for Pregnant and Lactating Women, and Children 0–5 Years of Age</a> </li> </ul> <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p><p style="text-align:justify"><br />According to the <a name="global-nutrition-report-2014">Global Nutrition Report 2014</a>: Actions and Accountability to Accelerate the World's Progress on Nutrition, prepared by IFPRI (Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Global%20Nutrition%20Report%202014.pdf" title="Global Nutrition Report 2014" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Global%20Nutrition%20Report%202014.pdf" title="Global Nutrition Report 2014">click here</a> to download):<br /><br />• Prevalence of stunting among children below 5 years age has reduced from 47.9% in 2005-06 (National Family Health Survey, NFHS-3) to 38.8% in 2013-14 (Rapid Survey on Children, RSOC). As a result, the population of under-five children affected by stunting has gone down from 5.82 crore in 2005-06 to 4.38 crore in 2013-14.<br /><br />• Prevalence of wasting among children below 5 years age has reduced from 20.0% in 2005-06 (National Family Health Survey, NFHS-3) to 15.0% in 2013-14 (Rapid Survey on Children, RSOC). As a result, the population of under-five children affected by wasting has gone down from 2.43 crore in 2005-06 to 1.69 crore in 2013-14.<br /><br />• The Government of India is yet to release all the findings of the 2013–2014 Rapid Survey on Children (RSOC). This new national survey, covering all 29 states in India, relies on data collected by the Ministry of Women and Child Development in partnership with UNICEF India. The Government has made preliminary estimates available for use in this Global Nutrition Report. Only data for children under age five are reported here.<br /><br />• The average annual rate of reduction in stunting (47.9 percent to 38.8 percent in eight years) is 2.6 percent—below India’s target rate of 3.7 percent but well above the rate of 1.7 percent estimated on the basis of previous surveys. Because India has such a large population and a high stunting prevalence, this rate of change affects the global numbers significantly. Comparisons between the two surveys (i.e 2005–2006 NFHS and 2013–2014 Rapid Survey on Children-RSOC) also show declines in wasting.<br /><br />• The rise in exclusive breastfeeding rates from 46.4 percent to 71.6 percent in eight years represents an average annual rate of increase of 5.5 percent—far above the rate required to meet India’s World Health Assembly (WHA) target by 2025 (1.5 percent). In fact, if the preliminary numbers hold, by 2025 India will have far surpassed its WHA exclusive breastfeeding target of 57 percent.<br /><br />• For India—the second-most populous country in the world—new and preliminary national data suggest it is experiencing a much faster improvement in World Health Assembly (WHA) indicators than currently assumed. For example, if the new preliminary estimates undergo no further significant adjustments, then the numbers of stunted children under the age of five in India has already declined by more than 10 million.<br /><br />• The Government of India has produced a new national survey on children. WHO and UNICEF have not yet reviewed the survey’s data and methodologies, and the survey results thus do not yet appear in the WHO’s Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition, but if the finalized rates of undernutrition are close to the preliminary reported rates, they should make us more optimistic about India's ability to meet the global World Health Assembly (WHA) goals.<br /><br />• Experiences from the Indian state of Maharashtra suggest that significant change in nutrition status can happen over the medium term as a result of determined action sustained over a period of 6–12 years.<br /><br />• There is a new statewide survey from Maharashtra in India (Haddad et al 2014). In the Maharashtra case study, it took only seven years to reduce child stunting by one-third, from 36.5 to 24.0 percent, for an annual average rate of reduction of 5.8 percent. Stunting declines resulted from a combination of nutrition-specific interventions, improved access to food and education, and reductions in poverty and fertility.<br /><br />• The benefit to cost ratio of scaling up nutrition-specific interventions for stunting reduction in India is 34.<br /><br /> <br> <div align="center" class="pagination"> <span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">« previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=4" class="articlepagination">4</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">5</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=10" class="articlepagination">10</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=11" class="articlepagination">11</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">12</a></span><span class="current">13</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14" class="articlepagination">14</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=15" class="articlepagination">15</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=16" class="articlepagination">16</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17" class="articlepagination">17</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=18" class="articlepagination">18</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=19" class="articlepagination">19</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20" class="articlepagination">20</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=21" class="articlepagination">21</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22" class="articlepagination">22</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14" class="articlepagination">next »</a></span> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <br><a href='/experts.php' class='re'>Rural Expert</a><div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 18px;"> <p class="post-tag">Tagged with: <a class="tagcloud5" href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Malnutrition" title="Malnutrition"> Malnutrition </a> </p> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <br><br> <div class="widget-top"> <h4>Related Articles</h4> <div class="stripe-line"></div> </div> <div class="widget-container"> <ul id="recentcomments"> <li class="recentcomments"> <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/hunger-and-malnutrition-in-india-after-a-decade-of-the-national-food-security-act-2013-neetu-sharma-jyotsna-sripada-shruthi-raman.html" title="Hunger and Malnutrition in India after a Decade of the National Food Security Act, 2013 - Neetu Sharma, Jyotsna Sripada, Shruthi Raman"> Hunger and Malnutrition in India after a Decade of the National Food Security Act, 2013 - Neetu Sharma, Jyotsna Sripada, Shruthi Raman </a> </li> <li class="recentcomments"> <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/two-out-of-10-infants-face-risk-of-food-deprivation-says-survey-g-s-mudur.html" title="Two out of 10 infants face risk of food deprivation, says survey - G.S. 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href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41/print" rel="nofollow"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/> </a> </section> <div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 10px;"> <div class="innerLineHeight"> <div class="middleContent innerInput hunger-hdi"> <table> <tr> <td> <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;"> <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;"> <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <div class="starlist"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2> <ul class="whatsinside"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#nutrients-requirements-for-indians-recommended-dietary-allowances-and-estimated-average-requirement-released-in-september-2020">Nutrients Requirements for Indians: Recommended Dietary Allowances and Estimated Average Requirement (released in September 2020)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#the-state-of-the-world39s-children-2019-children-food-and-nutrition-growing-well-in-a-changing-world-released-in-october-2019">The State of the World's Children 2019-Children, Food and Nutrition: Growing well in a changing world (released in October, 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=3#india-comprehensive-national-nutrition-survey-2016-2018-released-in-october-2019">India: Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey 2016-2018 (released in October 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=4#food-and-nutrition-security-analysis-india-2019-released-in-june-2019">Food and Nutrition Security Analysis, India, 2019 (released in June 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=5#global-nutrition-report-2018">Global Nutrition Report 2018</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=6#urban-hungama-report-nutrition-and-the-city-released-in-february-2018">Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=7#diet-and-nutritional-status-of-urban-population-in-india-and-prevalence-of-obesity-hypertension-diabetes-and-hyperlipidemia-in-urban-men-and-women-released-in-2017">Diet and Nutritional Status of Urban Population in India and Prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia in Urban Men and Women (released in 2017)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=8#nourishing-india-national-nutrition-strategy">Nourishing India: National Nutrition Strategy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=9#global-nutrition-report-2016">Global Nutrition Report 2016</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=10#india-health-report-nutrition-2015">India Health Report: Nutrition 2015</a> </li> </ul> <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div> <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=11#2015-global-nutrition-report-actions-and-accountability-to-advance-nutrition-sustainable-development-by-ifpri-released-in-september-2015">2015 Global Nutrition Report: Actions and Accountability to Advance Nutrition & Sustainable Development by IFPRI (released in September 2015)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12#public-accounts-committee-2014-15-report-on-icds-scheme-of-ministry-of-women-child-development">Public Accounts Committee (2014-15) report on ICDS Scheme of Ministry of Women & Child Development</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12#nutritional-intake-in-india-2011-12-published-in-october-2014">Nutritional Intake in India, 2011-12 (published in October 2014)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=13#global-nutrition-report-2014">Global Nutrition Report 2014</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14#executive-summary-of-the-lancet-series-on-maternal-and-child-nutrition">Executive Summary of the Lancet series on Maternal and Child Nutrition</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14#2013-unicef-report-improving-child-nutrition">2013 UNICEF report: Improving Child Nutrition</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=15#report-of-the-comptroller-and-auditor-general-of-india-on-performance-audit-of-integrated-child-development-services-icds-scheme">Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on Performance Audit of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=16#2012-global-hunger-index">2012 Global Hunger Index</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17#the-nutrition-barometer-gauging-national-responses-to-undernutrition-2012">The Nutrition Barometer: Gauging national responses to undernutrition (2012)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17#a-life-free-from-hunger-tackling-child-malnutrition-2012">A Life Free from Hunger: Tackling child malnutrition (2012)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=18#hungama-fighting-hunger-malnutrition-2011">HUNGaMA: Fighting Hunger & Malnutrition (2011)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=19#world-disaster-report-2011-focus-on-hunger-and-malnutrition">World Disaster Report 2011: Focus on Hunger and Malnutrition</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20#common-wealth-or-common-hunger-malnutrition-and-its-impact-on-child-survival-in-the-commonwealth-2010">Common Wealth or Common Hunger? Malnutrition and its impact on Child Survival in the Commonwealth (2010)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20#investing-in-the-future-a-united-call-to-action-on-vitamin-and-mineral-deficiencies-global-report-2009">Investing in the future: A United Call to Action on Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies-Global Report 2009</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=21#tracking-progress-on-child-and-maternal-nutrition-a-survival-and-development-priority">Tracking Progress on Child and Maternal Nutrition: A survival and development priority</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#nutritional-intake-in-india-2004-2005">Nutritional Intake in India: 2004-2005</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#national-family-health-survey-iii-2005-06">National Family Health Survey-III (2005-06)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#facilitating-improved-nutrition-for-pregnant-and-lactating-women-and-children-0ndash5-years-of-age">Facilitating Improved Nutrition for Pregnant and Lactating Women, and Children 0–5 Years of Age</a> </li> </ul> <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p><p style="text-align:justify"><br />According to the <a name="global-nutrition-report-2014">Global Nutrition Report 2014</a>: Actions and Accountability to Accelerate the World's Progress on Nutrition, prepared by IFPRI (Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Global%20Nutrition%20Report%202014.pdf" title="Global Nutrition Report 2014" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Global%20Nutrition%20Report%202014.pdf" title="Global Nutrition Report 2014">click here</a> to download):<br /><br />• Prevalence of stunting among children below 5 years age has reduced from 47.9% in 2005-06 (National Family Health Survey, NFHS-3) to 38.8% in 2013-14 (Rapid Survey on Children, RSOC). As a result, the population of under-five children affected by stunting has gone down from 5.82 crore in 2005-06 to 4.38 crore in 2013-14.<br /><br />• Prevalence of wasting among children below 5 years age has reduced from 20.0% in 2005-06 (National Family Health Survey, NFHS-3) to 15.0% in 2013-14 (Rapid Survey on Children, RSOC). As a result, the population of under-five children affected by wasting has gone down from 2.43 crore in 2005-06 to 1.69 crore in 2013-14.<br /><br />• The Government of India is yet to release all the findings of the 2013–2014 Rapid Survey on Children (RSOC). This new national survey, covering all 29 states in India, relies on data collected by the Ministry of Women and Child Development in partnership with UNICEF India. The Government has made preliminary estimates available for use in this Global Nutrition Report. Only data for children under age five are reported here.<br /><br />• The average annual rate of reduction in stunting (47.9 percent to 38.8 percent in eight years) is 2.6 percent—below India’s target rate of 3.7 percent but well above the rate of 1.7 percent estimated on the basis of previous surveys. Because India has such a large population and a high stunting prevalence, this rate of change affects the global numbers significantly. Comparisons between the two surveys (i.e 2005–2006 NFHS and 2013–2014 Rapid Survey on Children-RSOC) also show declines in wasting.<br /><br />• The rise in exclusive breastfeeding rates from 46.4 percent to 71.6 percent in eight years represents an average annual rate of increase of 5.5 percent—far above the rate required to meet India’s World Health Assembly (WHA) target by 2025 (1.5 percent). In fact, if the preliminary numbers hold, by 2025 India will have far surpassed its WHA exclusive breastfeeding target of 57 percent.<br /><br />• For India—the second-most populous country in the world—new and preliminary national data suggest it is experiencing a much faster improvement in World Health Assembly (WHA) indicators than currently assumed. For example, if the new preliminary estimates undergo no further significant adjustments, then the numbers of stunted children under the age of five in India has already declined by more than 10 million.<br /><br />• The Government of India has produced a new national survey on children. WHO and UNICEF have not yet reviewed the survey’s data and methodologies, and the survey results thus do not yet appear in the WHO’s Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition, but if the finalized rates of undernutrition are close to the preliminary reported rates, they should make us more optimistic about India's ability to meet the global World Health Assembly (WHA) goals.<br /><br />• Experiences from the Indian state of Maharashtra suggest that significant change in nutrition status can happen over the medium term as a result of determined action sustained over a period of 6–12 years.<br /><br />• There is a new statewide survey from Maharashtra in India (Haddad et al 2014). In the Maharashtra case study, it took only seven years to reduce child stunting by one-third, from 36.5 to 24.0 percent, for an annual average rate of reduction of 5.8 percent. Stunting declines resulted from a combination of nutrition-specific interventions, improved access to food and education, and reductions in poverty and fertility.<br /><br />• The benefit to cost ratio of scaling up nutrition-specific interventions for stunting reduction in India is 34.<br /><br /> <br> <div align="center" class="pagination"> <span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">« previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=4" class="articlepagination">4</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">5</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=10" class="articlepagination">10</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=11" class="articlepagination">11</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">12</a></span><span class="current">13</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14" class="articlepagination">14</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=15" class="articlepagination">15</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=16" class="articlepagination">16</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17" class="articlepagination">17</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=18" class="articlepagination">18</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=19" class="articlepagination">19</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20" class="articlepagination">20</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=21" class="articlepagination">21</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22" class="articlepagination">22</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14" class="articlepagination">next »</a></span> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <br><a href='/experts.php' class='re'>Rural Expert</a><div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 18px;"> <p class="post-tag">Tagged with: <a class="tagcloud5" href="https://im4change.in/search?qryStr=Malnutrition" title="Malnutrition"> Malnutrition </a> </p> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <br><br> <div class="widget-top"> <h4>Related Articles</h4> <div class="stripe-line"></div> </div> <div class="widget-container"> <ul id="recentcomments"> <li class="recentcomments"> <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/hunger-and-malnutrition-in-india-after-a-decade-of-the-national-food-security-act-2013-neetu-sharma-jyotsna-sripada-shruthi-raman.html" title="Hunger and Malnutrition in India after a Decade of the National Food Security Act, 2013 - Neetu Sharma, Jyotsna Sripada, Shruthi Raman"> Hunger and Malnutrition in India after a Decade of the National Food Security Act, 2013 - Neetu Sharma, Jyotsna Sripada, Shruthi Raman </a> </li> <li class="recentcomments"> <a href="https://im4change.in/latest-news-updates/two-out-of-10-infants-face-risk-of-food-deprivation-says-survey-g-s-mudur.html" title="Two out of 10 infants face risk of food deprivation, says survey - G.S. 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