Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
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Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
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Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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        Hunger / HDI | Malnutrition    </title>
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&bull; According&nbsp;to The State of the&nbsp;World&#39;s&nbsp;Children 2019&nbsp;report, the proportion of children under 5 years who are either stunted, wasted or overweight was 54 percent for India in 2015, 49 percent for Afganistan, 46 percent for Bangladesh in 2014, 43..."/>
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&bull; According&nbsp;to The State of the&nbsp;World&#39;s&nbsp;Children 2019&nbsp;report, the proportion of children under 5 years who are either stunted, wasted or overweight was 54 percent for India in 2015, 49 percent for Afganistan, 46 percent for Bangladesh in 2014, 43..." />
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
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                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#nutrients-requirements-for-indians-recommended-dietary-allowances-and-estimated-average-requirement-released-in-september-2020">Nutrients Requirements for Indians: Recommended Dietary Allowances and Estimated Average Requirement (released in September 2020)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#the-state-of-the-world39s-children-2019-children-food-and-nutrition-growing-well-in-a-changing-world-released-in-october-2019">The State of the World&#39;s Children 2019-Children, Food and Nutrition: Growing well in a changing world (released in October, 2019)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=3#india-comprehensive-national-nutrition-survey-2016-2018-released-in-october-2019">India: Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey 2016-2018 (released in October 2019)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=4#food-and-nutrition-security-analysis-india-2019-released-in-june-2019">Food and Nutrition Security Analysis, India, 2019 (released in June 2019)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=5#global-nutrition-report-2018">Global Nutrition Report 2018</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=6#urban-hungama-report-nutrition-and-the-city-released-in-february-2018">Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=7#diet-and-nutritional-status-of-urban-population-in-india-and-prevalence-of-obesity-hypertension-diabetes-and-hyperlipidemia-in-urban-men-and-women-released-in-2017">Diet and Nutritional Status of Urban Population in India and Prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia in Urban Men and Women (released in 2017)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=8#nourishing-india-national-nutrition-strategy">Nourishing India: National Nutrition Strategy</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=9#global-nutrition-report-2016">Global Nutrition Report 2016</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=10#india-health-report-nutrition-2015">India Health Report: Nutrition 2015</a>
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                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=11#2015-global-nutrition-report-actions-and-accountability-to-advance-nutrition-sustainable-development-by-ifpri-released-in-september-2015">2015 Global Nutrition Report: Actions and Accountability to Advance Nutrition &amp; Sustainable Development by IFPRI (released in September 2015)</a>
                                                    </li>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12#public-accounts-committee-2014-15-report-on-icds-scheme-of-ministry-of-women-child-development">Public Accounts Committee (2014-15) report on ICDS Scheme of Ministry of Women &amp; Child Development</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12#nutritional-intake-in-india-2011-12-published-in-october-2014">Nutritional Intake in India, 2011-12 (published in October 2014)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=13#global-nutrition-report-2014">Global Nutrition Report 2014</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14#executive-summary-of-the-lancet-series-on-maternal-and-child-nutrition">Executive Summary of the Lancet series on Maternal and Child Nutrition</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14#2013-unicef-report-improving-child-nutrition">2013 UNICEF report: Improving Child Nutrition</a>
                                                    </li>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=15#report-of-the-comptroller-and-auditor-general-of-india-on-performance-audit-of-integrated-child-development-services-icds-scheme">Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on Performance Audit of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=16#2012-global-hunger-index">2012 Global Hunger Index</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17#the-nutrition-barometer-gauging-national-responses-to-undernutrition-2012">The Nutrition Barometer: Gauging national responses to undernutrition (2012)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=17#a-life-free-from-hunger-tackling-child-malnutrition-2012">A Life Free from Hunger: Tackling child malnutrition (2012)</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=18#hungama-fighting-hunger-malnutrition-2011">HUNGaMA: Fighting Hunger &amp; Malnutrition (2011)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=19#world-disaster-report-2011-focus-on-hunger-and-malnutrition">World Disaster Report 2011: Focus on Hunger and Malnutrition</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20#common-wealth-or-common-hunger-malnutrition-and-its-impact-on-child-survival-in-the-commonwealth-2010">Common Wealth or Common Hunger? Malnutrition and its impact on Child Survival in the Commonwealth (2010)</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=20#investing-in-the-future-a-united-call-to-action-on-vitamin-and-mineral-deficiencies-global-report-2009">Investing in the future: A United Call to Action on Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies-Global Report 2009</a>
                                                    </li>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=21#tracking-progress-on-child-and-maternal-nutrition-a-survival-and-development-priority">Tracking Progress on Child and Maternal Nutrition: A survival and development priority</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#nutritional-intake-in-india-2004-2005">Nutritional Intake in India: 2004-2005</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#national-family-health-survey-iii-2005-06">National Family Health Survey-III (2005-06)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=22#facilitating-improved-nutrition-for-pregnant-and-lactating-women-and-children-0ndash5-years-of-age">Facilitating Improved Nutrition for Pregnant and Lactating Women, and Children 0&ndash;5 Years of Age</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
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                            </p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Urban HUNGaMA (Hunger and Malnutrition) Survey Report was released in February, 2018. Naandi Foundation carried out this survey in India&rsquo;s ten most populous cities &ndash; Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Kolkata, Surat, Pune and Jaipur to measure the nutrition status of children aged 0-59 months. These 10 cities account for 5.3 percent of India&rsquo;s population and 4.1 percent of the child population aged 0-71 months. The survey also provides estimated percentages of stunting, underweight, wasting and overweight by city and separately for boys and girls.<br /><br />A total of 12,286 mothers were interviewed and 14,616 children aged 0-59 months measured for height and weight. The Urban HUNGaMA Survey presents underweight, stunting and wasting data of children.<br /><br />The survey was carried out between April and July 2014. It used a three-stage systematic sampling methodology to select a representative sample of 11,955 households.<br /><br />According to the document entitled <a name="urban-hungama-report-nutrition-and-the-city-released-in-february-2018">Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018)</a>, prepared by Naandi Foundation and others, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Urban-Hungama-Report.pdf" title="Urban-Hungama-Report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Urban-Hungama-Report.pdf" title="Urban-Hungama-Report">click here</a> to access:&nbsp;<br /><br />&bull; The proportion of children born with low birth weight (i.e. less than 2.5 kg) was 15.7 percent, ranging from 13.5 percent in Hyderabad to 25.1 percent in Kolkata.<br /><br />&bull; In all, 22.3 percent of children under five years of age were stunted (chronic under-nutrition) and 7.6 percent were severely stunted.<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of stunting ranged from 14.8 percent in Chennai to 30.6 percent in Delhi. It was significantly higher among children whose mothers had five years of schooling or less (35.3 percent compared to 16.7 percent among children whose mothers had 10 or more years of schooling) and children from households in the lowest wealth quintile (29.3 percent compared to 15.0 percent among children from households in the highest wealth quintile).<br /><br />&bull; Overall, 13.9 percent of children were wasted (acute under-nutrition) and 3.2 percent were severely wasted.<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of wasting ranged from 10.8 percent in Jaipur to 19.0 percent in Mumbai.<br /><br />&bull; As in the case of stunting, the prevalence of wasting was significantly higher among children whose mothers had five years of schooling or less (17.6 percent compared to 12.2 percent among children of mothers with 10 or more years of schooling) and children from households in the lowest wealth quintile (16.7 percent compared to 10.5% among children from households in the highest wealth quintile).<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of overweight in children was 2.4 percent, ranging from 0.7 percent in Hyderabad to 3.7 percent in Chennai.<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of overweight was significantly higher among children from the highest wealth quintile (3.6 percent compared to 1.8 percent among children from households in the lowest wealth quintile).<br /><br />&bull; The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India has issued recommendations on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, and the survey revealed sub-optimal compliance with those recommendations: 37.7 percent of children aged 0-23 months were breastfed within one hour of birth (ranging from 13.3 percent in Jaipur to 66.8 percent in Chennai); 30.47 percent of children aged 0-5 months were exclusively breastfed (ranging from 12.0 percent in Chennai to 38.7 percent in Kolkata); 45.2 percent of children aged 6-8 months were fed complementary foods (ranging from 29.1 percent in Jaipur to 70.5 percent in Chennai); 47.2 percent of children aged 6-23 months met the standard of minimum meal frequency (ranging from 21.8 percent in Delhi to 88.8 percent in Mumbai); and 37.8 percent of children aged 6-23 months received at least a minimum number of food groups (dietary diversity) (ranging from 22.7 percent in Ahmedabad to 59.4 percent in Kolkata).<br /><br />&bull; On indicators of minimum dietary requirements (breastmilk/ milk, minimum meal frequency, and minimum dietary diversity) 22.5 percent of children aged 6-23 months were fed in accordance with all three (ranging from 9.7 percent in Surat to 47.3 percent in Kolkata).<br /><br />&bull; In the 10 most populous cities of India, one in four children has stunted growth and development due to chronic nutrition deprivation.<br /><br />&bull; Poor infant and young child feeding practices, compounded by the poor status of women, the prevalence of household poverty and lack of government service delivery centre seem to be three major drivers of stunting among urban children.<br /><br />&bull; Less than one in four children (22.5 percent) were fed a diet that meets the minimum requirements for healthy growth and development.<br /><br />                                                                    <br>
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&bull; According&nbsp;to The State of the&nbsp;World&#39;s&nbsp;Children 2019&nbsp;report, the proportion of children under 5 years who are either stunted, wasted or overweight was 54 percent for India in 2015, 49 percent for Afganistan, 46 percent for Bangladesh in 2014, 43..."/>
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
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                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#nutrients-requirements-for-indians-recommended-dietary-allowances-and-estimated-average-requirement-released-in-september-2020">Nutrients Requirements for Indians: Recommended Dietary Allowances and Estimated Average Requirement (released in September 2020)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#the-state-of-the-world39s-children-2019-children-food-and-nutrition-growing-well-in-a-changing-world-released-in-october-2019">The State of the World&#39;s Children 2019-Children, Food and Nutrition: Growing well in a changing world (released in October, 2019)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=3#india-comprehensive-national-nutrition-survey-2016-2018-released-in-october-2019">India: Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey 2016-2018 (released in October 2019)</a>
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                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
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                            </p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Urban HUNGaMA (Hunger and Malnutrition) Survey Report was released in February, 2018. Naandi Foundation carried out this survey in India&rsquo;s ten most populous cities &ndash; Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Kolkata, Surat, Pune and Jaipur to measure the nutrition status of children aged 0-59 months. These 10 cities account for 5.3 percent of India&rsquo;s population and 4.1 percent of the child population aged 0-71 months. The survey also provides estimated percentages of stunting, underweight, wasting and overweight by city and separately for boys and girls.<br /><br />A total of 12,286 mothers were interviewed and 14,616 children aged 0-59 months measured for height and weight. The Urban HUNGaMA Survey presents underweight, stunting and wasting data of children.<br /><br />The survey was carried out between April and July 2014. It used a three-stage systematic sampling methodology to select a representative sample of 11,955 households.<br /><br />According to the document entitled <a name="urban-hungama-report-nutrition-and-the-city-released-in-february-2018">Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018)</a>, prepared by Naandi Foundation and others, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Urban-Hungama-Report.pdf" title="Urban-Hungama-Report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Urban-Hungama-Report.pdf" title="Urban-Hungama-Report">click here</a> to access:&nbsp;<br /><br />&bull; The proportion of children born with low birth weight (i.e. less than 2.5 kg) was 15.7 percent, ranging from 13.5 percent in Hyderabad to 25.1 percent in Kolkata.<br /><br />&bull; In all, 22.3 percent of children under five years of age were stunted (chronic under-nutrition) and 7.6 percent were severely stunted.<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of stunting ranged from 14.8 percent in Chennai to 30.6 percent in Delhi. It was significantly higher among children whose mothers had five years of schooling or less (35.3 percent compared to 16.7 percent among children whose mothers had 10 or more years of schooling) and children from households in the lowest wealth quintile (29.3 percent compared to 15.0 percent among children from households in the highest wealth quintile).<br /><br />&bull; Overall, 13.9 percent of children were wasted (acute under-nutrition) and 3.2 percent were severely wasted.<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of wasting ranged from 10.8 percent in Jaipur to 19.0 percent in Mumbai.<br /><br />&bull; As in the case of stunting, the prevalence of wasting was significantly higher among children whose mothers had five years of schooling or less (17.6 percent compared to 12.2 percent among children of mothers with 10 or more years of schooling) and children from households in the lowest wealth quintile (16.7 percent compared to 10.5% among children from households in the highest wealth quintile).<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of overweight in children was 2.4 percent, ranging from 0.7 percent in Hyderabad to 3.7 percent in Chennai.<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of overweight was significantly higher among children from the highest wealth quintile (3.6 percent compared to 1.8 percent among children from households in the lowest wealth quintile).<br /><br />&bull; The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India has issued recommendations on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, and the survey revealed sub-optimal compliance with those recommendations: 37.7 percent of children aged 0-23 months were breastfed within one hour of birth (ranging from 13.3 percent in Jaipur to 66.8 percent in Chennai); 30.47 percent of children aged 0-5 months were exclusively breastfed (ranging from 12.0 percent in Chennai to 38.7 percent in Kolkata); 45.2 percent of children aged 6-8 months were fed complementary foods (ranging from 29.1 percent in Jaipur to 70.5 percent in Chennai); 47.2 percent of children aged 6-23 months met the standard of minimum meal frequency (ranging from 21.8 percent in Delhi to 88.8 percent in Mumbai); and 37.8 percent of children aged 6-23 months received at least a minimum number of food groups (dietary diversity) (ranging from 22.7 percent in Ahmedabad to 59.4 percent in Kolkata).<br /><br />&bull; On indicators of minimum dietary requirements (breastmilk/ milk, minimum meal frequency, and minimum dietary diversity) 22.5 percent of children aged 6-23 months were fed in accordance with all three (ranging from 9.7 percent in Surat to 47.3 percent in Kolkata).<br /><br />&bull; In the 10 most populous cities of India, one in four children has stunted growth and development due to chronic nutrition deprivation.<br /><br />&bull; Poor infant and young child feeding practices, compounded by the poor status of women, the prevalence of household poverty and lack of government service delivery centre seem to be three major drivers of stunting among urban children.<br /><br />&bull; Less than one in four children (22.5 percent) were fed a diet that meets the minimum requirements for healthy growth and development.<br /><br />                                                                    <br>
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&bull; According&nbsp;to The State of the&nbsp;World&#39;s&nbsp;Children 2019&nbsp;report, the proportion of children under 5 years who are either stunted, wasted or overweight was 54 percent for India in 2015, 49 percent for Afganistan, 46 percent for Bangladesh in 2014, 43..."/>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Malnutrition</h1>
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#nutrients-requirements-for-indians-recommended-dietary-allowances-and-estimated-average-requirement-released-in-september-2020">Nutrients Requirements for Indians: Recommended Dietary Allowances and Estimated Average Requirement (released in September 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=2#the-state-of-the-world39s-children-2019-children-food-and-nutrition-growing-well-in-a-changing-world-released-in-october-2019">The State of the World&#39;s Children 2019-Children, Food and Nutrition: Growing well in a changing world (released in October, 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=3#india-comprehensive-national-nutrition-survey-2016-2018-released-in-october-2019">India: Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey 2016-2018 (released in October 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=4#food-and-nutrition-security-analysis-india-2019-released-in-june-2019">Food and Nutrition Security Analysis, India, 2019 (released in June 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=5#global-nutrition-report-2018">Global Nutrition Report 2018</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=6#urban-hungama-report-nutrition-and-the-city-released-in-february-2018">Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=7#diet-and-nutritional-status-of-urban-population-in-india-and-prevalence-of-obesity-hypertension-diabetes-and-hyperlipidemia-in-urban-men-and-women-released-in-2017">Diet and Nutritional Status of Urban Population in India and Prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia in Urban Men and Women (released in 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=8#nourishing-india-national-nutrition-strategy">Nourishing India: National Nutrition Strategy</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=9#global-nutrition-report-2016">Global Nutrition Report 2016</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=10#india-health-report-nutrition-2015">India Health Report: Nutrition 2015</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=12#nutritional-intake-in-india-2011-12-published-in-october-2014">Nutritional Intake in India, 2011-12 (published in October 2014)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=13#global-nutrition-report-2014">Global Nutrition Report 2014</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=14#2013-unicef-report-improving-child-nutrition">2013 UNICEF report: Improving Child Nutrition</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/hunger-hdi/malnutrition-41.html?pgno=16#2012-global-hunger-index">2012 Global Hunger Index</a>
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                            </p><p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Urban HUNGaMA (Hunger and Malnutrition) Survey Report was released in February, 2018. Naandi Foundation carried out this survey in India&rsquo;s ten most populous cities &ndash; Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Kolkata, Surat, Pune and Jaipur to measure the nutrition status of children aged 0-59 months. These 10 cities account for 5.3 percent of India&rsquo;s population and 4.1 percent of the child population aged 0-71 months. The survey also provides estimated percentages of stunting, underweight, wasting and overweight by city and separately for boys and girls.<br /><br />A total of 12,286 mothers were interviewed and 14,616 children aged 0-59 months measured for height and weight. The Urban HUNGaMA Survey presents underweight, stunting and wasting data of children.<br /><br />The survey was carried out between April and July 2014. It used a three-stage systematic sampling methodology to select a representative sample of 11,955 households.<br /><br />According to the document entitled <a name="urban-hungama-report-nutrition-and-the-city-released-in-february-2018">Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018)</a>, prepared by Naandi Foundation and others, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Urban-Hungama-Report.pdf" title="Urban-Hungama-Report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Urban-Hungama-Report.pdf" title="Urban-Hungama-Report">click here</a> to access:&nbsp;<br /><br />&bull; The proportion of children born with low birth weight (i.e. less than 2.5 kg) was 15.7 percent, ranging from 13.5 percent in Hyderabad to 25.1 percent in Kolkata.<br /><br />&bull; In all, 22.3 percent of children under five years of age were stunted (chronic under-nutrition) and 7.6 percent were severely stunted.<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of stunting ranged from 14.8 percent in Chennai to 30.6 percent in Delhi. It was significantly higher among children whose mothers had five years of schooling or less (35.3 percent compared to 16.7 percent among children whose mothers had 10 or more years of schooling) and children from households in the lowest wealth quintile (29.3 percent compared to 15.0 percent among children from households in the highest wealth quintile).<br /><br />&bull; Overall, 13.9 percent of children were wasted (acute under-nutrition) and 3.2 percent were severely wasted.<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of wasting ranged from 10.8 percent in Jaipur to 19.0 percent in Mumbai.<br /><br />&bull; As in the case of stunting, the prevalence of wasting was significantly higher among children whose mothers had five years of schooling or less (17.6 percent compared to 12.2 percent among children of mothers with 10 or more years of schooling) and children from households in the lowest wealth quintile (16.7 percent compared to 10.5% among children from households in the highest wealth quintile).<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of overweight in children was 2.4 percent, ranging from 0.7 percent in Hyderabad to 3.7 percent in Chennai.<br /><br />&bull; The prevalence of overweight was significantly higher among children from the highest wealth quintile (3.6 percent compared to 1.8 percent among children from households in the lowest wealth quintile).<br /><br />&bull; The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India has issued recommendations on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, and the survey revealed sub-optimal compliance with those recommendations: 37.7 percent of children aged 0-23 months were breastfed within one hour of birth (ranging from 13.3 percent in Jaipur to 66.8 percent in Chennai); 30.47 percent of children aged 0-5 months were exclusively breastfed (ranging from 12.0 percent in Chennai to 38.7 percent in Kolkata); 45.2 percent of children aged 6-8 months were fed complementary foods (ranging from 29.1 percent in Jaipur to 70.5 percent in Chennai); 47.2 percent of children aged 6-23 months met the standard of minimum meal frequency (ranging from 21.8 percent in Delhi to 88.8 percent in Mumbai); and 37.8 percent of children aged 6-23 months received at least a minimum number of food groups (dietary diversity) (ranging from 22.7 percent in Ahmedabad to 59.4 percent in Kolkata).<br /><br />&bull; On indicators of minimum dietary requirements (breastmilk/ milk, minimum meal frequency, and minimum dietary diversity) 22.5 percent of children aged 6-23 months were fed in accordance with all three (ranging from 9.7 percent in Surat to 47.3 percent in Kolkata).<br /><br />&bull; In the 10 most populous cities of India, one in four children has stunted growth and development due to chronic nutrition deprivation.<br /><br />&bull; Poor infant and young child feeding practices, compounded by the poor status of women, the prevalence of household poverty and lack of government service delivery centre seem to be three major drivers of stunting among urban children.<br /><br />&bull; Less than one in four children (22.5 percent) were fed a diet that meets the minimum requirements for healthy growth and development.<br /><br />                                                                    <br>
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Malnutrition

What's Inside Nutrients Requirements for Indians: Recommended Dietary Allowances and Estimated Average Requirement (released in September 2020) The State of the World's Children 2019-Children, Food and Nutrition: Growing well in a changing world (released in October, 2019) India: Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey 2016-2018 (released in October 2019) Food and Nutrition Security Analysis, India, 2019 (released in June 2019) Global Nutrition Report 2018 Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018) Diet and Nutritional Status of Urban Population in India and Prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia in Urban Men and Women (released in 2017) Nourishing India: National Nutrition Strategy Global Nutrition Report 2016 India Health Report: Nutrition 2015 More 2015 Global Nutrition Report: Actions and Accountability to Advance Nutrition & Sustainable Development by IFPRI (released in September 2015) Public Accounts Committee (2014-15) report on ICDS Scheme of Ministry of Women & Child Development Nutritional Intake in India, 2011-12 (published in October 2014) Global Nutrition Report 2014 Executive Summary of the Lancet series on Maternal and Child Nutrition 2013 UNICEF report: Improving Child Nutrition Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on Performance Audit of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme 2012 Global Hunger Index The Nutrition Barometer: Gauging national responses to undernutrition (2012) A Life Free from Hunger: Tackling child malnutrition (2012) HUNGaMA: Fighting Hunger & Malnutrition (2011) World Disaster Report 2011: Focus on Hunger and Malnutrition Common Wealth or Common Hunger? Malnutrition and its impact on Child Survival in the Commonwealth (2010) Investing in the future: A United Call to Action on Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies-Global Report 2009 Tracking Progress on Child and Maternal Nutrition: A survival and development priority Nutritional Intake in India: 2004-2005 National Family Health Survey-III (2005-06) Facilitating Improved Nutrition for Pregnant and Lactating Women, and Children 0–5 Years of Age Less   The Urban HUNGaMA (Hunger and Malnutrition) Survey Report was released in February, 2018. Naandi Foundation carried out this survey in India’s ten most populous cities – Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Kolkata, Surat, Pune and Jaipur to measure the nutrition status of children aged 0-59 months. These 10 cities account for 5.3 percent of India’s population and 4.1 percent of the child population aged 0-71 months. The survey also provides estimated percentages of stunting, underweight, wasting and overweight by city and separately for boys and girls. A total of 12,286 mothers were interviewed and 14,616 children aged 0-59 months measured for height and weight. The Urban HUNGaMA Survey presents underweight, stunting and wasting data of children. The survey was carried out between April and July 2014. It used a three-stage systematic sampling methodology to select a representative sample of 11,955 households. According to the document entitled Urban HUNGaMA Report: Nutrition and the City (released in February 2018), prepared by Naandi Foundation and others, please click here to access:  • The proportion of children born with low birth weight (i.e. less than 2.5 kg) was 15.7 percent, ranging from 13.5 percent in Hyderabad to 25.1 percent in Kolkata. • In all, 22.3 percent of children under five years of age were stunted (chronic under-nutrition) and 7.6 percent were severely stunted. • The prevalence of stunting ranged from 14.8 percent in Chennai to 30.6 percent in Delhi. It was significantly higher among children whose mothers had five years of schooling or less (35.3 percent compared to 16.7 percent among children whose mothers had 10 or more years of schooling) and children from households in the lowest wealth quintile (29.3 percent compared to 15.0 percent among children from households in the highest wealth quintile). • Overall, 13.9 percent of children were wasted (acute under-nutrition) and 3.2 percent were severely wasted. • The prevalence of wasting ranged from 10.8 percent in Jaipur to 19.0 percent in Mumbai. • As in the case of stunting, the prevalence of wasting was significantly higher among children whose mothers had five years of schooling or less (17.6 percent compared to 12.2 percent among children of mothers with 10 or more years of schooling) and children from households in the lowest wealth quintile (16.7 percent compared to 10.5% among children from households in the highest wealth quintile). • The prevalence of overweight in children was 2.4 percent, ranging from 0.7 percent in Hyderabad to 3.7 percent in Chennai. • The prevalence of overweight was significantly higher among children from the highest wealth quintile (3.6 percent compared to 1.8 percent among children from households in the lowest wealth quintile). • The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India has issued recommendations on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, and the survey revealed sub-optimal compliance with those recommendations: 37.7 percent of children aged 0-23 months were breastfed within one hour of birth (ranging from 13.3 percent in Jaipur to 66.8 percent in Chennai); 30.47 percent of children aged 0-5 months were exclusively breastfed (ranging from 12.0 percent in Chennai to 38.7 percent in Kolkata); 45.2 percent of children aged 6-8 months were fed complementary foods (ranging from 29.1 percent in Jaipur to 70.5 percent in Chennai); 47.2 percent of children aged 6-23 months met the standard of minimum meal frequency (ranging from 21.8 percent in Delhi to 88.8 percent in Mumbai); and 37.8 percent of children aged 6-23 months received at least a minimum number of food groups (dietary diversity) (ranging from 22.7 percent in Ahmedabad to 59.4 percent in Kolkata). • On indicators of minimum dietary requirements (breastmilk/ milk, minimum meal frequency, and minimum dietary diversity) 22.5 percent of children aged 6-23 months were fed in accordance with all three (ranging from 9.7 percent in Surat to 47.3 percent in Kolkata). • In the 10 most populous cities of India, one in four children has stunted growth and development due to chronic nutrition deprivation. • Poor infant and young child feeding practices, compounded by the poor status of women, the prevalence of household poverty and lack of government service delivery centre seem to be three major drivers of stunting among urban children. • Less than one in four children (22.5 percent) were fed a diet that meets the minimum requirements for healthy growth and development. « previous12345678910111213141516171819202122next »

Rural Expert

Tagged with: Malnutrition

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