Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Contexttrigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);}$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 150, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 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'/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 97, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 150, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'law-justice/corruption-35.html' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/law-justice/corruption-35.html' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Contexttrigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);}$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 151, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'index', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 97, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 151, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'law-justice/corruption-35.html' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/law-justice/corruption-35.html' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]Code Contextif (Configure::read('debug')) {trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);} else {$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) { 'status' => (int) 200, 'contentType' => 'text/html', 'headers' => [ 'Content-Type' => [ [maximum depth reached] ] ], 'file' => null, 'fileRange' => [], 'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {}, 'cacheDirectives' => [], 'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7 ]> <html class="ie ie6" lang='en'> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7 ]> <html class="ie ie7" lang='en'> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8 ]> <html class="ie ie8" lang='en'> <![endif]--> <!--[if (gte IE 9)|!(IE)]><!--> <html lang='en'> <!--<![endif]--> <head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title> Law & Justice | Corruption </title> <meta name="description" content=" KEY TRENDS • According to the CMS-India Corruption Study 2018, among states, 73 percent households in Telangana, 38 percent in Tamil Nadu, 36 percent in Karnataka, 35 percent in Bihar, 29 percent in Delhi, 23 percent in Madhya Pradesh; 22 percent in Punjab..."/> <meta name="keywords" content="im4change, corruption, food security, Right To Education, malnutrition, Hunger, Health, MNREGA"/> <meta name="news_keywords" content="im4change, corruption, food security, Right To Education, malnutrition, Hunger, Health, MNREGA"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="ROR" href="/ror.xml"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS 2.0" href="/feeds/"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/bootstrap.min.css?1697864993"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css?v=1.1.2"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style-inner.css?1577045210"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="Oswald-css" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Oswald%3Aregular%2C700&ver=3.8.1" type="text/css" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery.modal.min.css?1578285302"/> <script src="/js/jquery-1.10.2.js?1575549704"></script> <script src="/js/jquery-migrate.min.js?1575549704"></script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" title="Favicon"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery-ui.css?1580720609"/> <script src="/js/jquery-ui.js?1575549704"></script> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/custom.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery.modal.min.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/jquery-ui.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/li-scroller.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <!-- <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> --> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://www.im4change.org/css/style-inner.css" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'" media="all" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href="//im4change.org/css/custom.css" crossorigin > <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/bootstrap.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.li-scroller.1.0.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.modal.min.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery.ui.totop.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/jquery-ui.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/setting.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://www.im4change.org/js/tie-scripts.js"> <!--[if IE]> <script type="text/javascript">jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery(".menu-item").has("ul").children("a").attr("aria-haspopup", "true"); 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href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35/print" rel="nofollow"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/> </a> </section> <div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 10px;"> <div class="innerLineHeight"> <div class="middleContent innerInput law-justice"> <table> <tr> <td> <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;"> <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;"> <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <div class="starlist"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2> <ul class="whatsinside"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=2#overview-of-corruption-and-anticorruption-developments-in-india-released-in-january-2022">Overview of corruption and anticorruption developments in India (released in January 2022)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=2#corruption-perceptions-index-2021-released-in-january-2022">Corruption Perceptions Index 2021 (released in January 2022)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=3#cms-india-corruption-study-2018-2015-to-2018-how-well-are-states-placed">CMS-India Corruption Study 2018: 2015 to 2018-How well are states placed?</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=4#cms-india-corruption-study-2017-perception-and-experience-with-public-services-snapshot-view-for-2005-17">CMS-India Corruption Study 2017: Perception and Experience with Public Services & Snapshot View for 2005-17</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=5#corruption-perceptions-index-2014">Corruption Perceptions Index 2014</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=6#corruption-perceptions-index-2013">Corruption Perceptions Index 2013</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=7#global-corruption-barometer-2013">Global Corruption Barometer 2013</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=8#transparency-internationalrsquos-2011-corruption-perceptions-index">Transparency International’s 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=9#india-corruption-study-ics-2010">India Corruption Study (ICS) 2010</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=10#india-against-corruption-campaign">India against Corruption campaign</a> </li> </ul> <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div> <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#global-corruption-barometer-2010">Global Corruption Barometer 2010</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#the-drivers-and-dynamics-of-illicit-financial-flows-from-india-1948-2008-released-in-2010">The Drivers and Dynamics of Illicit Financial Flows from India: 1948-2008 (released in 2010)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#open-budget-survey-2010">Open Budget Survey 2010</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#2010-corruption-perceptions-index-cpi">2010 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12#global-corruption-barometer-2009">Global Corruption Barometer 2009</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12#open-budgets-transform-lives-the-open-budget-survey-2008">Open Budgets, Transform Lives: The Open Budget Survey 2008</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12#india-corruption-study-2007">India Corruption Study 2007</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=13#india-corruption-studyndash2005">India Corruption Study–2005</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=14#vision-foundation39s-2005-social-audit-gram-sabha-and-panchayati-raj-document">Vision Foundation's (2005) Social Audit-Gram Sabha and Panchayati Raj-document</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=14#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a> </li> </ul> <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p><p style="text-align:justify">According to the <a name="cms-india-corruption-study-2017-perception-and-experience-with-public-services-snapshot-view-for-2005-17">CMS-India Corruption Study 2017: Perception and Experience with Public Services & Snapshot View for 2005-17</a>, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/CMS%20ICS%202017.pdf" title="CMS ICS 2017" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/CMS%20ICS%202017.pdf" title="CMS ICS 2017">click here</a> to access:<br /><br />• Between 2005 and 2017, there is a definite decline in both perception and experience of citizens about corruption in availing public services.<br /><br />• The 11th round of annual CMS-ICS 2017 brings out that nearly 43 percent of the households across 20 states feel that the level of corruption in public services has increased during the last one year in their respective states. Compared to the scenario about 12 years back, the perception has improved for good i.e. a dip of around 30 percentage points is observed (in 2005, 73 percent of the households had perceived increase in corruption level).<br /><br />• More than half (56 percent) feel that the level of corruption decreased in public services during demonetization phase (November-December 2016).<br /><br />• As per CMS-ICS 2017, around one-third of the households in 20 states experienced corruption in public services at least once during the last one year. Compared to this, as per the findings of CMS-ICS 2005, the percentage of households which experienced corruption in public services was more than half (53 percent).<br /><br />• The states where percentage of households experiencing corruption in 2017 round was more than ‘combined state average’ of 31 percent are Karnataka (77 percent), Andhra Pradesh (74 percent), Tamil Nadu (68 percent), Maharashtra (57 percent), J&K (44 percent), Punjab (42 percent) and Gujarat (37 percent).<br /><br />• States where percentage of households experiencing corruption in public services is in single digit, i.e. less than 10 percent, include Himachal Pradesh (3 percent) and Kerala (4 percent) only.<br /> <br />• Almost all households, across 20 states, who were asked to pay bribe by the public servants, had no option but to pay bribe to avail the service.<br /><br />• Denial of public services because households could not pay a bribe was most reported in Land record/ Housing (3.5 percent), followed by Police (1.8 percent). <br /><br />• Households have paid as low as INR 20 to get their ration in PDS shops or to get admission form from a government school and as high as around INR 50,000 for admission in a government school or to get an early date for hearing of their case in a court. <br /><br />• The total amount paid by households across 20 states and 10 public services as bribe is estimated to be INR 6,350 crore (63,500 million) as against INR 20,500 crore in 2005. <br /><br />• Though 58 percent of the common citizens are aware about RTI Act; those seeking information under RTI Act was less than 1 percent, even after more than a decade of the law coming into force.<br /> </p><p style="text-align:justify"> <br> <div align="center" class="pagination"> <span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">« previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span class="current">4</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">5</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=10" class="articlepagination">10</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11" class="articlepagination">11</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">12</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=13" class="articlepagination">13</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=14" class="articlepagination">14</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">next »</a></span> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <br><a href='/experts.php' class='re'>Rural Expert</a><div class="clear"></div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="comment-respond" id="respond"> <a name="commentbox"> </a> <h3 class="comment-reply-title" id="reply-title">Write Comments</h3> <form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" role="form" action="/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=4"><div style="display:none;"><input type="hidden" name="_method" value="POST"/></div> <form class="comment-form" id="commentform" method="post" action="#commentbox" onSubmit="return validate()" name="cmtform"> <input type="hidden" name="cmttype" value="articlecmt"/> <input type="hidden" name="article_id" value="8"/> <p class="comment-notes">Your email address will not be published. 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href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35/print" rel="nofollow"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/> </a> </section> <div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 10px;"> <div class="innerLineHeight"> <div class="middleContent innerInput law-justice"> <table> <tr> <td> <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;"> <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;"> <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <div class="starlist"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2> <ul class="whatsinside"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=2#overview-of-corruption-and-anticorruption-developments-in-india-released-in-january-2022">Overview of corruption and anticorruption developments in India (released in January 2022)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=2#corruption-perceptions-index-2021-released-in-january-2022">Corruption Perceptions Index 2021 (released in January 2022)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=3#cms-india-corruption-study-2018-2015-to-2018-how-well-are-states-placed">CMS-India Corruption Study 2018: 2015 to 2018-How well are states placed?</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=4#cms-india-corruption-study-2017-perception-and-experience-with-public-services-snapshot-view-for-2005-17">CMS-India Corruption Study 2017: Perception and Experience with Public Services & Snapshot View for 2005-17</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=5#corruption-perceptions-index-2014">Corruption Perceptions Index 2014</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=6#corruption-perceptions-index-2013">Corruption Perceptions Index 2013</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=7#global-corruption-barometer-2013">Global Corruption Barometer 2013</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=8#transparency-internationalrsquos-2011-corruption-perceptions-index">Transparency International’s 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=9#india-corruption-study-ics-2010">India Corruption Study (ICS) 2010</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=10#india-against-corruption-campaign">India against Corruption campaign</a> </li> </ul> <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div> <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#global-corruption-barometer-2010">Global Corruption Barometer 2010</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#the-drivers-and-dynamics-of-illicit-financial-flows-from-india-1948-2008-released-in-2010">The Drivers and Dynamics of Illicit Financial Flows from India: 1948-2008 (released in 2010)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#open-budget-survey-2010">Open Budget Survey 2010</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#2010-corruption-perceptions-index-cpi">2010 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12#global-corruption-barometer-2009">Global Corruption Barometer 2009</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12#open-budgets-transform-lives-the-open-budget-survey-2008">Open Budgets, Transform Lives: The Open Budget Survey 2008</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12#india-corruption-study-2007">India Corruption Study 2007</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=13#india-corruption-studyndash2005">India Corruption Study–2005</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=14#vision-foundation39s-2005-social-audit-gram-sabha-and-panchayati-raj-document">Vision Foundation's (2005) Social Audit-Gram Sabha and Panchayati Raj-document</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=14#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a> </li> </ul> <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p><p style="text-align:justify">According to the <a name="cms-india-corruption-study-2017-perception-and-experience-with-public-services-snapshot-view-for-2005-17">CMS-India Corruption Study 2017: Perception and Experience with Public Services & Snapshot View for 2005-17</a>, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/CMS%20ICS%202017.pdf" title="CMS ICS 2017" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/CMS%20ICS%202017.pdf" title="CMS ICS 2017">click here</a> to access:<br /><br />• Between 2005 and 2017, there is a definite decline in both perception and experience of citizens about corruption in availing public services.<br /><br />• The 11th round of annual CMS-ICS 2017 brings out that nearly 43 percent of the households across 20 states feel that the level of corruption in public services has increased during the last one year in their respective states. Compared to the scenario about 12 years back, the perception has improved for good i.e. a dip of around 30 percentage points is observed (in 2005, 73 percent of the households had perceived increase in corruption level).<br /><br />• More than half (56 percent) feel that the level of corruption decreased in public services during demonetization phase (November-December 2016).<br /><br />• As per CMS-ICS 2017, around one-third of the households in 20 states experienced corruption in public services at least once during the last one year. Compared to this, as per the findings of CMS-ICS 2005, the percentage of households which experienced corruption in public services was more than half (53 percent).<br /><br />• The states where percentage of households experiencing corruption in 2017 round was more than ‘combined state average’ of 31 percent are Karnataka (77 percent), Andhra Pradesh (74 percent), Tamil Nadu (68 percent), Maharashtra (57 percent), J&K (44 percent), Punjab (42 percent) and Gujarat (37 percent).<br /><br />• States where percentage of households experiencing corruption in public services is in single digit, i.e. less than 10 percent, include Himachal Pradesh (3 percent) and Kerala (4 percent) only.<br /> <br />• Almost all households, across 20 states, who were asked to pay bribe by the public servants, had no option but to pay bribe to avail the service.<br /><br />• Denial of public services because households could not pay a bribe was most reported in Land record/ Housing (3.5 percent), followed by Police (1.8 percent). <br /><br />• Households have paid as low as INR 20 to get their ration in PDS shops or to get admission form from a government school and as high as around INR 50,000 for admission in a government school or to get an early date for hearing of their case in a court. <br /><br />• The total amount paid by households across 20 states and 10 public services as bribe is estimated to be INR 6,350 crore (63,500 million) as against INR 20,500 crore in 2005. <br /><br />• Though 58 percent of the common citizens are aware about RTI Act; those seeking information under RTI Act was less than 1 percent, even after more than a decade of the law coming into force.<br /> </p><p style="text-align:justify"> <br> <div align="center" class="pagination"> <span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">« previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span class="current">4</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">5</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=10" class="articlepagination">10</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11" class="articlepagination">11</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">12</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=13" class="articlepagination">13</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=14" class="articlepagination">14</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">next »</a></span> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <br><a href='/experts.php' class='re'>Rural Expert</a><div class="clear"></div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="comment-respond" id="respond"> <a name="commentbox"> </a> <h3 class="comment-reply-title" id="reply-title">Write Comments</h3> <form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" role="form" action="/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=4"><div style="display:none;"><input type="hidden" name="_method" value="POST"/></div> <form class="comment-form" id="commentform" method="post" action="#commentbox" onSubmit="return validate()" name="cmtform"> <input type="hidden" name="cmttype" value="articlecmt"/> <input type="hidden" name="article_id" value="8"/> <p class="comment-notes">Your email address will not be published. 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href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35/print" rel="nofollow"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/> </a> </section> <div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 10px;"> <div class="innerLineHeight"> <div class="middleContent innerInput law-justice"> <table> <tr> <td> <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;"> <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;"> <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <div class="starlist"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2> <ul class="whatsinside"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=2#overview-of-corruption-and-anticorruption-developments-in-india-released-in-january-2022">Overview of corruption and anticorruption developments in India (released in January 2022)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=2#corruption-perceptions-index-2021-released-in-january-2022">Corruption Perceptions Index 2021 (released in January 2022)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=3#cms-india-corruption-study-2018-2015-to-2018-how-well-are-states-placed">CMS-India Corruption Study 2018: 2015 to 2018-How well are states placed?</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=4#cms-india-corruption-study-2017-perception-and-experience-with-public-services-snapshot-view-for-2005-17">CMS-India Corruption Study 2017: Perception and Experience with Public Services & Snapshot View for 2005-17</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=5#corruption-perceptions-index-2014">Corruption Perceptions Index 2014</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=6#corruption-perceptions-index-2013">Corruption Perceptions Index 2013</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=7#global-corruption-barometer-2013">Global Corruption Barometer 2013</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=8#transparency-internationalrsquos-2011-corruption-perceptions-index">Transparency International’s 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=9#india-corruption-study-ics-2010">India Corruption Study (ICS) 2010</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=10#india-against-corruption-campaign">India against Corruption campaign</a> </li> </ul> <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div> <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#global-corruption-barometer-2010">Global Corruption Barometer 2010</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#the-drivers-and-dynamics-of-illicit-financial-flows-from-india-1948-2008-released-in-2010">The Drivers and Dynamics of Illicit Financial Flows from India: 1948-2008 (released in 2010)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#open-budget-survey-2010">Open Budget Survey 2010</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11#2010-corruption-perceptions-index-cpi">2010 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12#global-corruption-barometer-2009">Global Corruption Barometer 2009</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12#open-budgets-transform-lives-the-open-budget-survey-2008">Open Budgets, Transform Lives: The Open Budget Survey 2008</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12#india-corruption-study-2007">India Corruption Study 2007</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=13#india-corruption-studyndash2005">India Corruption Study–2005</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=14#vision-foundation39s-2005-social-audit-gram-sabha-and-panchayati-raj-document">Vision Foundation's (2005) Social Audit-Gram Sabha and Panchayati Raj-document</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=14#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a> </li> </ul> <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p><p style="text-align:justify">According to the <a name="cms-india-corruption-study-2017-perception-and-experience-with-public-services-snapshot-view-for-2005-17">CMS-India Corruption Study 2017: Perception and Experience with Public Services & Snapshot View for 2005-17</a>, please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/CMS%20ICS%202017.pdf" title="CMS ICS 2017" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/CMS%20ICS%202017.pdf" title="CMS ICS 2017">click here</a> to access:<br /><br />• Between 2005 and 2017, there is a definite decline in both perception and experience of citizens about corruption in availing public services.<br /><br />• The 11th round of annual CMS-ICS 2017 brings out that nearly 43 percent of the households across 20 states feel that the level of corruption in public services has increased during the last one year in their respective states. Compared to the scenario about 12 years back, the perception has improved for good i.e. a dip of around 30 percentage points is observed (in 2005, 73 percent of the households had perceived increase in corruption level).<br /><br />• More than half (56 percent) feel that the level of corruption decreased in public services during demonetization phase (November-December 2016).<br /><br />• As per CMS-ICS 2017, around one-third of the households in 20 states experienced corruption in public services at least once during the last one year. Compared to this, as per the findings of CMS-ICS 2005, the percentage of households which experienced corruption in public services was more than half (53 percent).<br /><br />• The states where percentage of households experiencing corruption in 2017 round was more than ‘combined state average’ of 31 percent are Karnataka (77 percent), Andhra Pradesh (74 percent), Tamil Nadu (68 percent), Maharashtra (57 percent), J&K (44 percent), Punjab (42 percent) and Gujarat (37 percent).<br /><br />• States where percentage of households experiencing corruption in public services is in single digit, i.e. less than 10 percent, include Himachal Pradesh (3 percent) and Kerala (4 percent) only.<br /> <br />• Almost all households, across 20 states, who were asked to pay bribe by the public servants, had no option but to pay bribe to avail the service.<br /><br />• Denial of public services because households could not pay a bribe was most reported in Land record/ Housing (3.5 percent), followed by Police (1.8 percent). <br /><br />• Households have paid as low as INR 20 to get their ration in PDS shops or to get admission form from a government school and as high as around INR 50,000 for admission in a government school or to get an early date for hearing of their case in a court. <br /><br />• The total amount paid by households across 20 states and 10 public services as bribe is estimated to be INR 6,350 crore (63,500 million) as against INR 20,500 crore in 2005. <br /><br />• Though 58 percent of the common citizens are aware about RTI Act; those seeking information under RTI Act was less than 1 percent, even after more than a decade of the law coming into force.<br /> </p><p style="text-align:justify"> <br> <div align="center" class="pagination"> <span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">« previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span class="current">4</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">5</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=10" class="articlepagination">10</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=11" class="articlepagination">11</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">12</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=13" class="articlepagination">13</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=14" class="articlepagination">14</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=5" class="articlepagination">next »</a></span> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <br><a href='/experts.php' class='re'>Rural Expert</a><div class="clear"></div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="comment-respond" id="respond"> <a name="commentbox"> </a> <h3 class="comment-reply-title" id="reply-title">Write Comments</h3> <form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" role="form" action="/law-justice/corruption-35.html?pgno=4"><div style="display:none;"><input type="hidden" name="_method" value="POST"/></div> <form class="comment-form" id="commentform" method="post" action="#commentbox" onSubmit="return validate()" name="cmtform"> <input type="hidden" name="cmttype" value="articlecmt"/> <input type="hidden" name="article_id" value="8"/> <p class="comment-notes">Your email address will not be published. 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