Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
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<html class="ie ie6" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
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                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3#cag39s-report-no-15-of-2018-performance-audit-of-national-rural-drinking-water-programme-published-on-7th-august-2018">CAG&#39;s Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4#51st-report-of-standing-committee-on-rural-development-related-to-the-status-of-swachh-bharat-mission-gramin-in-various-states-published-in-july-2018">51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5#swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6#economic-survey-2015-16">Economic Survey 2015-16</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7#progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation-joint-monitoring-programme-update-2014">Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#key-indicators-of-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-july-2012-to-december-2012">Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#whounicef-joint-monitoring-report-2012-progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation">WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#off-track-off-target-why-investment-in-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-is-not-reaching-those-who-need-it-most-2011">Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011)</a>
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                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#providing-safe-water-evidence-from-randomized-evaluations">Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#housing-condition-and-amenities-in-india-2008-09-released-in-2010">Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#progress-on-sanitation-and-drinking-water-2010-update-who-and-unicef">Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#combating-waterborne-disease-at-the-household-level-2007">Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a>
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                            </span></span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:medium"> </span></span></p><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">&nbsp; </span></p><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:medium"><em>According to the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Links to Health FACTS AND FIGURES&nbsp; *updated November 2004:</em> </span></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><br /><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;1.8 million people die every year from diarrhoeal diseases (including cholera); 90% are children under 5, mostly in developing countries. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;88% of diarrhoeal disease is attributed to unsafe water supply, inadequate sanitation and hygiene. Improved water supply reduces diarrhoea morbidity by between 6% to 25%, if severe outcomes are included. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Improved sanitation reduces diarrhoea morbidity by 32%. Hygiene interventions including hygiene education and promotion of hand washing can lead to a reduction of diarrhoeal cases by up to 45%. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Improvements in drinking-water quality through household water treatment, such as chlorination at point of use, can lead to a reduction of diarrhoea episodes by between 35% and 39%.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;1.3 million people die of malaria each year, 90% of whom are children under 5. There are 396 million episodes of malaria every year, most of the disease burden is in Africa south of the Sahara. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Intensified irrigation, dams and other water related projects contribute importantly to this disease burden. Better management of water resources reduces transmission of malaria and other vector-borne diseases.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;In 2002, 1.1 billion people lacked access to improved water sources, which represented 17% of the global population. Over half of the world&rsquo;s population has access to improved water through household connections or yard tap. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Of the 1.1 billion without improved water sources, nearly two third live in Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 42% of the population is still without improved water. In order to meet the water supply MDG target, an additional 260 000 people per day up to 2015 should gain access to improved water sources. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Between 2002 and 2015, the world &iacute;s population is expected to increase every year by 74.8 million people.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;In 2002, 1.1 billion people lacked access to improved water sources, which represented 17% of the global population. Over half of the world&rsquo;s population has access to improved water through household connections or yard tap. Of the 1.1 billion without improved water sources, nearly two third live in Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 42% of the population is still without improved water. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;In order to meet the water supply MDG target, an additional 260 000 people per day up to 2015 should gain access to improved water sources. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Between 2002 and 2015, the world&rsquo;s population is expected to increase every year by 74.8 million people.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;The development of water resources continues in an accelerated pace to meet the food, fibre and energy needs of a world population of 8 billion by 2025. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Lack of capacity for health impact assessment transfers hidden costs to the health sector and increases the disease burden on local communities. Environmental management approaches for health need to be incorporated into strategies for integrated water resources management.</span></p>                                                                    <br>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Water and Sanitation</h1>
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3#cag39s-report-no-15-of-2018-performance-audit-of-national-rural-drinking-water-programme-published-on-7th-august-2018">CAG&#39;s Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4#51st-report-of-standing-committee-on-rural-development-related-to-the-status-of-swachh-bharat-mission-gramin-in-various-states-published-in-july-2018">51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5#swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6#economic-survey-2015-16">Economic Survey 2015-16</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7#progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation-joint-monitoring-programme-update-2014">Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#key-indicators-of-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-july-2012-to-december-2012">Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#whounicef-joint-monitoring-report-2012-progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation">WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#off-track-off-target-why-investment-in-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-is-not-reaching-those-who-need-it-most-2011">Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#providing-safe-water-evidence-from-randomized-evaluations">Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#housing-condition-and-amenities-in-india-2008-09-released-in-2010">Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#progress-on-sanitation-and-drinking-water-2010-update-who-and-unicef">Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#combating-waterborne-disease-at-the-household-level-2007">Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
                                                                                    </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
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                            </span></span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:medium"> </span></span></p><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">&nbsp; </span></p><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:medium"><em>According to the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Links to Health FACTS AND FIGURES&nbsp; *updated November 2004:</em> </span></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><br /><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;1.8 million people die every year from diarrhoeal diseases (including cholera); 90% are children under 5, mostly in developing countries. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;88% of diarrhoeal disease is attributed to unsafe water supply, inadequate sanitation and hygiene. Improved water supply reduces diarrhoea morbidity by between 6% to 25%, if severe outcomes are included. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Improved sanitation reduces diarrhoea morbidity by 32%. Hygiene interventions including hygiene education and promotion of hand washing can lead to a reduction of diarrhoeal cases by up to 45%. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Improvements in drinking-water quality through household water treatment, such as chlorination at point of use, can lead to a reduction of diarrhoea episodes by between 35% and 39%.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;1.3 million people die of malaria each year, 90% of whom are children under 5. There are 396 million episodes of malaria every year, most of the disease burden is in Africa south of the Sahara. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Intensified irrigation, dams and other water related projects contribute importantly to this disease burden. Better management of water resources reduces transmission of malaria and other vector-borne diseases.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;In 2002, 1.1 billion people lacked access to improved water sources, which represented 17% of the global population. Over half of the world&rsquo;s population has access to improved water through household connections or yard tap. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Of the 1.1 billion without improved water sources, nearly two third live in Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 42% of the population is still without improved water. In order to meet the water supply MDG target, an additional 260 000 people per day up to 2015 should gain access to improved water sources. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Between 2002 and 2015, the world &iacute;s population is expected to increase every year by 74.8 million people.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;In 2002, 1.1 billion people lacked access to improved water sources, which represented 17% of the global population. Over half of the world&rsquo;s population has access to improved water through household connections or yard tap. Of the 1.1 billion without improved water sources, nearly two third live in Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 42% of the population is still without improved water. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;In order to meet the water supply MDG target, an additional 260 000 people per day up to 2015 should gain access to improved water sources. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Between 2002 and 2015, the world&rsquo;s population is expected to increase every year by 74.8 million people.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;The development of water resources continues in an accelerated pace to meet the food, fibre and energy needs of a world population of 8 billion by 2025. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Lack of capacity for health impact assessment transfers hidden costs to the health sector and increases the disease burden on local communities. Environmental management approaches for health need to be incorporated into strategies for integrated water resources management.</span></p>                                                                    <br>
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3#cag39s-report-no-15-of-2018-performance-audit-of-national-rural-drinking-water-programme-published-on-7th-august-2018">CAG&#39;s Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4#51st-report-of-standing-committee-on-rural-development-related-to-the-status-of-swachh-bharat-mission-gramin-in-various-states-published-in-july-2018">51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5#swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6#economic-survey-2015-16">Economic Survey 2015-16</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7#progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation-joint-monitoring-programme-update-2014">Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#key-indicators-of-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-july-2012-to-december-2012">Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#whounicef-joint-monitoring-report-2012-progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation">WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#off-track-off-target-why-investment-in-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-is-not-reaching-those-who-need-it-most-2011">Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
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                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#providing-safe-water-evidence-from-randomized-evaluations">Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#housing-condition-and-amenities-in-india-2008-09-released-in-2010">Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#progress-on-sanitation-and-drinking-water-2010-update-who-and-unicef">Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#combating-waterborne-disease-at-the-household-level-2007">Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
                                                                                    </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                                                    <div>
                            </span></span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:medium"> </span></span></p><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">&nbsp; </span></p><p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:medium"><em>According to the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Links to Health FACTS AND FIGURES&nbsp; *updated November 2004:</em> </span></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><br /><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;1.8 million people die every year from diarrhoeal diseases (including cholera); 90% are children under 5, mostly in developing countries. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;88% of diarrhoeal disease is attributed to unsafe water supply, inadequate sanitation and hygiene. Improved water supply reduces diarrhoea morbidity by between 6% to 25%, if severe outcomes are included. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Improved sanitation reduces diarrhoea morbidity by 32%. Hygiene interventions including hygiene education and promotion of hand washing can lead to a reduction of diarrhoeal cases by up to 45%. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Improvements in drinking-water quality through household water treatment, such as chlorination at point of use, can lead to a reduction of diarrhoea episodes by between 35% and 39%.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;1.3 million people die of malaria each year, 90% of whom are children under 5. There are 396 million episodes of malaria every year, most of the disease burden is in Africa south of the Sahara. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Intensified irrigation, dams and other water related projects contribute importantly to this disease burden. Better management of water resources reduces transmission of malaria and other vector-borne diseases.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;In 2002, 1.1 billion people lacked access to improved water sources, which represented 17% of the global population. Over half of the world&rsquo;s population has access to improved water through household connections or yard tap. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Of the 1.1 billion without improved water sources, nearly two third live in Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 42% of the population is still without improved water. In order to meet the water supply MDG target, an additional 260 000 people per day up to 2015 should gain access to improved water sources. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Between 2002 and 2015, the world &iacute;s population is expected to increase every year by 74.8 million people.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;In 2002, 1.1 billion people lacked access to improved water sources, which represented 17% of the global population. Over half of the world&rsquo;s population has access to improved water through household connections or yard tap. Of the 1.1 billion without improved water sources, nearly two third live in Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 42% of the population is still without improved water. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;In order to meet the water supply MDG target, an additional 260 000 people per day up to 2015 should gain access to improved water sources. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Between 2002 and 2015, the world&rsquo;s population is expected to increase every year by 74.8 million people.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;The development of water resources continues in an accelerated pace to meet the food, fibre and energy needs of a world population of 8 billion by 2025. </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:medium">&bull;&nbsp;Lack of capacity for health impact assessment transfers hidden costs to the health sector and increases the disease burden on local communities. Environmental management approaches for health need to be incorporated into strategies for integrated water resources management.</span></p>                                                                    <br>
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Water and Sanitation

What's Inside Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021) NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019) CAG's Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018) 51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018) Swachhta Status Report 2016 Economic Survey 2015-16 Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014 Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012) WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011) More Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010) Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF) Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007) 11th Five Year Plan Less   According to the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Links to Health FACTS AND FIGURES  *updated November 2004: • 1.8 million people die every year from diarrhoeal diseases (including cholera); 90% are children under 5, mostly in developing countries.     • 88% of diarrhoeal disease is attributed to unsafe water supply, inadequate sanitation and hygiene. Improved water supply reduces diarrhoea morbidity by between 6% to 25%, if severe outcomes are included.     • Improved sanitation reduces diarrhoea morbidity by 32%. Hygiene interventions including hygiene education and promotion of hand washing can lead to a reduction of diarrhoeal cases by up to 45%.     • Improvements in drinking-water quality through household water treatment, such as chlorination at point of use, can lead to a reduction of diarrhoea episodes by between 35% and 39%.     • 1.3 million people die of malaria each year, 90% of whom are children under 5. There are 396 million episodes of malaria every year, most of the disease burden is in Africa south of the Sahara.     • Intensified irrigation, dams and other water related projects contribute importantly to this disease burden. Better management of water resources reduces transmission of malaria and other vector-borne diseases.     • In 2002, 1.1 billion people lacked access to improved water sources, which represented 17% of the global population. Over half of the world’s population has access to improved water through household connections or yard tap.     • Of the 1.1 billion without improved water sources, nearly two third live in Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 42% of the population is still without improved water. In order to meet the water supply MDG target, an additional 260 000 people per day up to 2015 should gain access to improved water sources.     • Between 2002 and 2015, the world ís population is expected to increase every year by 74.8 million people.     • In 2002, 1.1 billion people lacked access to improved water sources, which represented 17% of the global population. Over half of the world’s population has access to improved water through household connections or yard tap. Of the 1.1 billion without improved water sources, nearly two third live in Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 42% of the population is still without improved water.     • In order to meet the water supply MDG target, an additional 260 000 people per day up to 2015 should gain access to improved water sources.     • Between 2002 and 2015, the world’s population is expected to increase every year by 74.8 million people.     • The development of water resources continues in an accelerated pace to meet the food, fibre and energy needs of a world population of 8 billion by 2025.     • Lack of capacity for health impact assessment transfers hidden costs to the health sector and increases the disease burden on local communities. Environmental management approaches for health need to be incorporated into strategies for integrated water resources management. « previous123456789101112next »

 

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