Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
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<html class="ie ie6" lang='en'> <![endif]-->
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
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                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3#cag39s-report-no-15-of-2018-performance-audit-of-national-rural-drinking-water-programme-published-on-7th-august-2018">CAG&#39;s Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4#51st-report-of-standing-committee-on-rural-development-related-to-the-status-of-swachh-bharat-mission-gramin-in-various-states-published-in-july-2018">51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5#swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6#economic-survey-2015-16">Economic Survey 2015-16</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7#progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation-joint-monitoring-programme-update-2014">Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#key-indicators-of-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-july-2012-to-december-2012">Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#whounicef-joint-monitoring-report-2012-progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation">WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#off-track-off-target-why-investment-in-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-is-not-reaching-those-who-need-it-most-2011">Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011)</a>
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                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#providing-safe-water-evidence-from-randomized-evaluations">Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#housing-condition-and-amenities-in-india-2008-09-released-in-2010">Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#progress-on-sanitation-and-drinking-water-2010-update-who-and-unicef">Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF)</a>
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                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#combating-waterborne-disease-at-the-household-level-2007">Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a>
                                                    </li>
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                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
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                            </span></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Report%20No.%209%20of%202021_GWMR_English-061c19df1d9dff7.23091105.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Report%20No.%209%20of%202021_GWMR_English-061c19df1d9dff7.23091105.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;the <a name="report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a>. Kindly <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/CAG%20Press%20Release%20Groundwater%2021%20Dec%202021.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1UNMLzOUev1axQLA4c-0XyJ5BEYk8mN7NshA-OPmNWf2pmfPd8jvGnc80" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/CAG%20Press%20Release%20Groundwater%2021%20Dec%202021.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1UNMLzOUev1axQLA4c-0XyJ5BEYk8mN7NshA-OPmNWf2pmfPd8jvGnc80">click here</a> to access the&nbsp;press release by CAG dated 21 December, 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Press%20Note%20NSS%20Report%20No.%20584%20Drinking%20Water,%20Sanitation,%20Hygiene%20and%20Housing%20Condition%20in%20India%20NSS%2076th%20Round%20July%20to%20December%202018%20released%20on%2023rd%20November%202019.pdf" title="Press Note NSS Report No. 584 Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India NSS 76th Round July to December 2018 released on 23rd November 2019" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Press%20Note%20NSS%20Report%20No.%20584%20Drinking%20Water,%20Sanitation,%20Hygiene%20and%20Housing%20Condition%20in%20India%20NSS%2076th%20Round%20July%20to%20December%202018%20released%20on%2023rd%20November%202019.pdf" title="Press Note NSS Report No. 584 Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India NSS 76th Round July to December 2018 released on 23rd November 2019">click here</a> to access the key findings of <a name="nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a>.<br /><br />Kindly <a href="mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/publication_reports/Report_584_final.pdf" title="mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/publication_reports/Report_584_final.pdf">click here</a> to access the NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019).<br /><br />According to the NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019):<br /><br />&bull; The major source of drinking water of the household was hand pump in the rural areas and piped water into dwelling in the urban areas. About 42.9 percent of the households in the rural areas used hand pump as the principal source of drinking water and about 40.9 percent of the households in the urban areas used piped water into dwelling as the principal source of drinking water.<br /><br />&bull; About 48.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 57.5 percent of the households in the urban areas had exclusive access to principal source of drinking water.<br /><br />&bull; Roughly 87.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 90.9 percent of the households in the urban areas had sufficient drinking water throughout the year from the principal source.<br /><br />&bull; Nearly 58.2 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 80.7 percent of the households in the urban areas had drinking water facilities within the household premises.<br /><br />&bull; Almost 94.5 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 97.4 percent of the households in the urban areas used &lsquo;improved source of drinking water&rsquo;.<br /><br />&bull; About 51.4 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 72.0 percent of the households in the urban areas used improved source of drinking water located in the household premises which was sufficiently available throughout the year.<br /><br />&bull; Roughly 56.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 91.2 percent of the households in the urban areas had access to bathroom.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to bathroom, about 48.4 percent in the rural areas and about 74.8 percent in the urban areas used bathroom attached to the dwelling unit.<br /><br />&bull; About 71.3 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 96.2 percent of the households in the urban areas had access to latrine. It may be noted that there may be respondent bias in the reporting of access to latrine as question on benefits received by the households from government schemes was asked prior to the question on access of households to latrine.<br /><br />&bull; The major type of latrine used by the households was flush/pour-flush to septic tank in both rural and urban areas. About 50.9 percent of the households in rural areas and 48.9 percent of the households in urban areas used flush/pour-flush to septic tank type of latrine.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 94.7 percent of the males and 95.7 percent of the females in the rural areas used latrine regularly while about 98.0 percent of the males and 98.1 percent of the females in the urban areas used latrine regularly.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 93.8 percent of the males and 94.6 percent of the females in the rural areas regularly used improved latrine while about 97.2 percent of both males and females in the urban areas regularly used improved latrine.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 85.8 percent of the males and 86.4 percent of the females in the rural areas regularly used improved latrine which was for exclusive use of the household while the corresponding figure was about 82.4 percent for males and 84.7 percent for females in the urban areas.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 3.5 percent of the household members in the rural areas and about 1.7 percent of the household members in the urban areas never used latrine.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households used latrine, about 4.5 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 2.1 percent of the households in the urban areas reported that water was not available in or around the latrine used.<br /><br />&bull; Almost 48.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 86.1 percent of the households in the urban areas had bathroom and latrine both within household premises.<br /><br />&bull; Roughly 96.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 63.8 percent of the households in the urban areas had own dwelling unit.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 96.7 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 91.5 percent of the households in the urban areas used the house for residential purpose only.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 89.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 56.4 percent of the households in the urban areas had independent house.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 76.7 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 96.0 percent of the households in the urban areas had the house of pucca structure.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, average floor area of the dwelling unit was about 46.6 sq. mtr. in the rural areas and about 46.1 sq. mtr. in the urban areas.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 93.9 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 99.1 percent of the households in the urban areas had electricity for domestic use.<br /><br /><br />                                                                    <br>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Water and Sanitation</h1>
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3#cag39s-report-no-15-of-2018-performance-audit-of-national-rural-drinking-water-programme-published-on-7th-august-2018">CAG&#39;s Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4#51st-report-of-standing-committee-on-rural-development-related-to-the-status-of-swachh-bharat-mission-gramin-in-various-states-published-in-july-2018">51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5#swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6#economic-survey-2015-16">Economic Survey 2015-16</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7#progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation-joint-monitoring-programme-update-2014">Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#key-indicators-of-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-july-2012-to-december-2012">Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#whounicef-joint-monitoring-report-2012-progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation">WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#off-track-off-target-why-investment-in-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-is-not-reaching-those-who-need-it-most-2011">Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#providing-safe-water-evidence-from-randomized-evaluations">Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#housing-condition-and-amenities-in-india-2008-09-released-in-2010">Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#progress-on-sanitation-and-drinking-water-2010-update-who-and-unicef">Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#combating-waterborne-disease-at-the-household-level-2007">Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
                                                                                    </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
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                            </span></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Report%20No.%209%20of%202021_GWMR_English-061c19df1d9dff7.23091105.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Report%20No.%209%20of%202021_GWMR_English-061c19df1d9dff7.23091105.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;the <a name="report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a>. Kindly <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/CAG%20Press%20Release%20Groundwater%2021%20Dec%202021.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1UNMLzOUev1axQLA4c-0XyJ5BEYk8mN7NshA-OPmNWf2pmfPd8jvGnc80" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/CAG%20Press%20Release%20Groundwater%2021%20Dec%202021.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1UNMLzOUev1axQLA4c-0XyJ5BEYk8mN7NshA-OPmNWf2pmfPd8jvGnc80">click here</a> to access the&nbsp;press release by CAG dated 21 December, 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Press%20Note%20NSS%20Report%20No.%20584%20Drinking%20Water,%20Sanitation,%20Hygiene%20and%20Housing%20Condition%20in%20India%20NSS%2076th%20Round%20July%20to%20December%202018%20released%20on%2023rd%20November%202019.pdf" title="Press Note NSS Report No. 584 Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India NSS 76th Round July to December 2018 released on 23rd November 2019" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Press%20Note%20NSS%20Report%20No.%20584%20Drinking%20Water,%20Sanitation,%20Hygiene%20and%20Housing%20Condition%20in%20India%20NSS%2076th%20Round%20July%20to%20December%202018%20released%20on%2023rd%20November%202019.pdf" title="Press Note NSS Report No. 584 Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India NSS 76th Round July to December 2018 released on 23rd November 2019">click here</a> to access the key findings of <a name="nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a>.<br /><br />Kindly <a href="mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/publication_reports/Report_584_final.pdf" title="mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/publication_reports/Report_584_final.pdf">click here</a> to access the NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019).<br /><br />According to the NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019):<br /><br />&bull; The major source of drinking water of the household was hand pump in the rural areas and piped water into dwelling in the urban areas. About 42.9 percent of the households in the rural areas used hand pump as the principal source of drinking water and about 40.9 percent of the households in the urban areas used piped water into dwelling as the principal source of drinking water.<br /><br />&bull; About 48.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 57.5 percent of the households in the urban areas had exclusive access to principal source of drinking water.<br /><br />&bull; Roughly 87.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 90.9 percent of the households in the urban areas had sufficient drinking water throughout the year from the principal source.<br /><br />&bull; Nearly 58.2 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 80.7 percent of the households in the urban areas had drinking water facilities within the household premises.<br /><br />&bull; Almost 94.5 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 97.4 percent of the households in the urban areas used &lsquo;improved source of drinking water&rsquo;.<br /><br />&bull; About 51.4 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 72.0 percent of the households in the urban areas used improved source of drinking water located in the household premises which was sufficiently available throughout the year.<br /><br />&bull; Roughly 56.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 91.2 percent of the households in the urban areas had access to bathroom.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to bathroom, about 48.4 percent in the rural areas and about 74.8 percent in the urban areas used bathroom attached to the dwelling unit.<br /><br />&bull; About 71.3 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 96.2 percent of the households in the urban areas had access to latrine. It may be noted that there may be respondent bias in the reporting of access to latrine as question on benefits received by the households from government schemes was asked prior to the question on access of households to latrine.<br /><br />&bull; The major type of latrine used by the households was flush/pour-flush to septic tank in both rural and urban areas. About 50.9 percent of the households in rural areas and 48.9 percent of the households in urban areas used flush/pour-flush to septic tank type of latrine.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 94.7 percent of the males and 95.7 percent of the females in the rural areas used latrine regularly while about 98.0 percent of the males and 98.1 percent of the females in the urban areas used latrine regularly.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 93.8 percent of the males and 94.6 percent of the females in the rural areas regularly used improved latrine while about 97.2 percent of both males and females in the urban areas regularly used improved latrine.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 85.8 percent of the males and 86.4 percent of the females in the rural areas regularly used improved latrine which was for exclusive use of the household while the corresponding figure was about 82.4 percent for males and 84.7 percent for females in the urban areas.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 3.5 percent of the household members in the rural areas and about 1.7 percent of the household members in the urban areas never used latrine.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households used latrine, about 4.5 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 2.1 percent of the households in the urban areas reported that water was not available in or around the latrine used.<br /><br />&bull; Almost 48.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 86.1 percent of the households in the urban areas had bathroom and latrine both within household premises.<br /><br />&bull; Roughly 96.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 63.8 percent of the households in the urban areas had own dwelling unit.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 96.7 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 91.5 percent of the households in the urban areas used the house for residential purpose only.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 89.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 56.4 percent of the households in the urban areas had independent house.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 76.7 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 96.0 percent of the households in the urban areas had the house of pucca structure.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, average floor area of the dwelling unit was about 46.6 sq. mtr. in the rural areas and about 46.1 sq. mtr. in the urban areas.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 93.9 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 99.1 percent of the households in the urban areas had electricity for domestic use.<br /><br /><br />                                                                    <br>
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    <h1 class="cat-box-title">Water and Sanitation</h1>
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3#cag39s-report-no-15-of-2018-performance-audit-of-national-rural-drinking-water-programme-published-on-7th-august-2018">CAG&#39;s Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4#51st-report-of-standing-committee-on-rural-development-related-to-the-status-of-swachh-bharat-mission-gramin-in-various-states-published-in-july-2018">51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5#swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6#economic-survey-2015-16">Economic Survey 2015-16</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7#progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation-joint-monitoring-programme-update-2014">Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#key-indicators-of-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-july-2012-to-december-2012">Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#whounicef-joint-monitoring-report-2012-progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation">WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#off-track-off-target-why-investment-in-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-is-not-reaching-those-who-need-it-most-2011">Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#providing-safe-water-evidence-from-randomized-evaluations">Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#housing-condition-and-amenities-in-india-2008-09-released-in-2010">Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#progress-on-sanitation-and-drinking-water-2010-update-who-and-unicef">Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#combating-waterborne-disease-at-the-household-level-2007">Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
                                                                                    </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                                                    <div>
                            </span></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Report%20No.%209%20of%202021_GWMR_English-061c19df1d9dff7.23091105.pdf" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/Report%20No.%209%20of%202021_GWMR_English-061c19df1d9dff7.23091105.pdf">click here</a> to access&nbsp;the <a name="report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a>. Kindly <a href="https://im4change.org/upload/files/CAG%20Press%20Release%20Groundwater%2021%20Dec%202021.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1UNMLzOUev1axQLA4c-0XyJ5BEYk8mN7NshA-OPmNWf2pmfPd8jvGnc80" title="https://im4change.org/upload/files/CAG%20Press%20Release%20Groundwater%2021%20Dec%202021.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1UNMLzOUev1axQLA4c-0XyJ5BEYk8mN7NshA-OPmNWf2pmfPd8jvGnc80">click here</a> to access the&nbsp;press release by CAG dated 21 December, 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Press%20Note%20NSS%20Report%20No.%20584%20Drinking%20Water,%20Sanitation,%20Hygiene%20and%20Housing%20Condition%20in%20India%20NSS%2076th%20Round%20July%20to%20December%202018%20released%20on%2023rd%20November%202019.pdf" title="Press Note NSS Report No. 584 Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India NSS 76th Round July to December 2018 released on 23rd November 2019" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Press%20Note%20NSS%20Report%20No.%20584%20Drinking%20Water,%20Sanitation,%20Hygiene%20and%20Housing%20Condition%20in%20India%20NSS%2076th%20Round%20July%20to%20December%202018%20released%20on%2023rd%20November%202019.pdf" title="Press Note NSS Report No. 584 Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India NSS 76th Round July to December 2018 released on 23rd November 2019">click here</a> to access the key findings of <a name="nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a>.<br /><br />Kindly <a href="mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/publication_reports/Report_584_final.pdf" title="mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/publication_reports/Report_584_final.pdf">click here</a> to access the NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019).<br /><br />According to the NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019):<br /><br />&bull; The major source of drinking water of the household was hand pump in the rural areas and piped water into dwelling in the urban areas. About 42.9 percent of the households in the rural areas used hand pump as the principal source of drinking water and about 40.9 percent of the households in the urban areas used piped water into dwelling as the principal source of drinking water.<br /><br />&bull; About 48.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 57.5 percent of the households in the urban areas had exclusive access to principal source of drinking water.<br /><br />&bull; Roughly 87.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 90.9 percent of the households in the urban areas had sufficient drinking water throughout the year from the principal source.<br /><br />&bull; Nearly 58.2 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 80.7 percent of the households in the urban areas had drinking water facilities within the household premises.<br /><br />&bull; Almost 94.5 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 97.4 percent of the households in the urban areas used &lsquo;improved source of drinking water&rsquo;.<br /><br />&bull; About 51.4 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 72.0 percent of the households in the urban areas used improved source of drinking water located in the household premises which was sufficiently available throughout the year.<br /><br />&bull; Roughly 56.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 91.2 percent of the households in the urban areas had access to bathroom.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to bathroom, about 48.4 percent in the rural areas and about 74.8 percent in the urban areas used bathroom attached to the dwelling unit.<br /><br />&bull; About 71.3 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 96.2 percent of the households in the urban areas had access to latrine. It may be noted that there may be respondent bias in the reporting of access to latrine as question on benefits received by the households from government schemes was asked prior to the question on access of households to latrine.<br /><br />&bull; The major type of latrine used by the households was flush/pour-flush to septic tank in both rural and urban areas. About 50.9 percent of the households in rural areas and 48.9 percent of the households in urban areas used flush/pour-flush to septic tank type of latrine.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 94.7 percent of the males and 95.7 percent of the females in the rural areas used latrine regularly while about 98.0 percent of the males and 98.1 percent of the females in the urban areas used latrine regularly.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 93.8 percent of the males and 94.6 percent of the females in the rural areas regularly used improved latrine while about 97.2 percent of both males and females in the urban areas regularly used improved latrine.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 85.8 percent of the males and 86.4 percent of the females in the rural areas regularly used improved latrine which was for exclusive use of the household while the corresponding figure was about 82.4 percent for males and 84.7 percent for females in the urban areas.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households which had access to latrine, about 3.5 percent of the household members in the rural areas and about 1.7 percent of the household members in the urban areas never used latrine.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households used latrine, about 4.5 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 2.1 percent of the households in the urban areas reported that water was not available in or around the latrine used.<br /><br />&bull; Almost 48.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 86.1 percent of the households in the urban areas had bathroom and latrine both within household premises.<br /><br />&bull; Roughly 96.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 63.8 percent of the households in the urban areas had own dwelling unit.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 96.7 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 91.5 percent of the households in the urban areas used the house for residential purpose only.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 89.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 56.4 percent of the households in the urban areas had independent house.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 76.7 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 96.0 percent of the households in the urban areas had the house of pucca structure.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, average floor area of the dwelling unit was about 46.6 sq. mtr. in the rural areas and about 46.1 sq. mtr. in the urban areas.<br /><br />&bull; Among the households living in houses, about 93.9 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 99.1 percent of the households in the urban areas had electricity for domestic use.<br /><br /><br />                                                                    <br>
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Water and Sanitation

What's Inside Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021) NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019) CAG's Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018) 51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018) Swachhta Status Report 2016 Economic Survey 2015-16 Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014 Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012) WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011) More Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010) Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF) Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007) 11th Five Year Plan Less Please click here to access the Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021). Kindly click here to access the press release by CAG dated 21 December, 2021. --- Please click here to access the key findings of NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019). Kindly click here to access the NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019). According to the NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019): • The major source of drinking water of the household was hand pump in the rural areas and piped water into dwelling in the urban areas. About 42.9 percent of the households in the rural areas used hand pump as the principal source of drinking water and about 40.9 percent of the households in the urban areas used piped water into dwelling as the principal source of drinking water. • About 48.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 57.5 percent of the households in the urban areas had exclusive access to principal source of drinking water. • Roughly 87.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 90.9 percent of the households in the urban areas had sufficient drinking water throughout the year from the principal source. • Nearly 58.2 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 80.7 percent of the households in the urban areas had drinking water facilities within the household premises. • Almost 94.5 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 97.4 percent of the households in the urban areas used ‘improved source of drinking water’. • About 51.4 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 72.0 percent of the households in the urban areas used improved source of drinking water located in the household premises which was sufficiently available throughout the year. • Roughly 56.6 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 91.2 percent of the households in the urban areas had access to bathroom. • Among the households which had access to bathroom, about 48.4 percent in the rural areas and about 74.8 percent in the urban areas used bathroom attached to the dwelling unit. • About 71.3 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 96.2 percent of the households in the urban areas had access to latrine. It may be noted that there may be respondent bias in the reporting of access to latrine as question on benefits received by the households from government schemes was asked prior to the question on access of households to latrine. • The major type of latrine used by the households was flush/pour-flush to septic tank in both rural and urban areas. About 50.9 percent of the households in rural areas and 48.9 percent of the households in urban areas used flush/pour-flush to septic tank type of latrine. • Among the households which had access to latrine, about 94.7 percent of the males and 95.7 percent of the females in the rural areas used latrine regularly while about 98.0 percent of the males and 98.1 percent of the females in the urban areas used latrine regularly. • Among the households which had access to latrine, about 93.8 percent of the males and 94.6 percent of the females in the rural areas regularly used improved latrine while about 97.2 percent of both males and females in the urban areas regularly used improved latrine. • Among the households which had access to latrine, about 85.8 percent of the males and 86.4 percent of the females in the rural areas regularly used improved latrine which was for exclusive use of the household while the corresponding figure was about 82.4 percent for males and 84.7 percent for females in the urban areas. • Among the households which had access to latrine, about 3.5 percent of the household members in the rural areas and about 1.7 percent of the household members in the urban areas never used latrine. • Among the households used latrine, about 4.5 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 2.1 percent of the households in the urban areas reported that water was not available in or around the latrine used. • Almost 48.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 86.1 percent of the households in the urban areas had bathroom and latrine both within household premises. • Roughly 96.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 63.8 percent of the households in the urban areas had own dwelling unit. • Among the households living in houses, about 96.7 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 91.5 percent of the households in the urban areas used the house for residential purpose only. • Among the households living in houses, about 89.0 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 56.4 percent of the households in the urban areas had independent house. • Among the households living in houses, about 76.7 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 96.0 percent of the households in the urban areas had the house of pucca structure. • Among the households living in houses, average floor area of the dwelling unit was about 46.6 sq. mtr. in the rural areas and about 46.1 sq. mtr. in the urban areas. • Among the households living in houses, about 93.9 percent of the households in the rural areas and about 99.1 percent of the households in the urban areas had electricity for domestic use. « previous123456789101112next »

 

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