Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Contexttrigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);}$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 150, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'index', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 97, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 150, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Contexttrigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);}$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 151, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'index', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 97, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 151, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]Code Contextif (Configure::read('debug')) {trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);} else {$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) { 'status' => (int) 200, 'contentType' => 'text/html', 'headers' => [ 'Content-Type' => [ [maximum depth reached] ] ], 'file' => null, 'fileRange' => [], 'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {}, 'cacheDirectives' => [], 'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7 ]> <html class="ie ie6" lang='en'> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7 ]> <html class="ie ie7" lang='en'> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8 ]> <html class="ie ie8" lang='en'> <![endif]--> <!--[if (gte IE 9)|!(IE)]><!--> <html lang='en'> <!--<![endif]--> <head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title> Environment | Water and Sanitation </title> <meta name="description" content="KEY TRENDS • According to NSS 76th Round, the major source of drinking water of the household was hand pump in the rural areas and piped water into dwelling in the urban areas. 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href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55/print" rel="nofollow"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/> </a> </section> <div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 10px;"> <div class="innerLineHeight"> <div class="middleContent innerInput environment"> <table> <tr> <td> <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;"> <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;"> <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <div class="starlist"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2> <ul class="whatsinside"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3#cag39s-report-no-15-of-2018-performance-audit-of-national-rural-drinking-water-programme-published-on-7th-august-2018">CAG's Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4#51st-report-of-standing-committee-on-rural-development-related-to-the-status-of-swachh-bharat-mission-gramin-in-various-states-published-in-july-2018">51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5#swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6#economic-survey-2015-16">Economic Survey 2015-16</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7#progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation-joint-monitoring-programme-update-2014">Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#key-indicators-of-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-july-2012-to-december-2012">Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#whounicef-joint-monitoring-report-2012-progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation">WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#off-track-off-target-why-investment-in-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-is-not-reaching-those-who-need-it-most-2011">Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011)</a> </li> </ul> <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div> <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#providing-safe-water-evidence-from-randomized-evaluations">Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#housing-condition-and-amenities-in-india-2008-09-released-in-2010">Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#progress-on-sanitation-and-drinking-water-2010-update-who-and-unicef">Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#combating-waterborne-disease-at-the-household-level-2007">Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a> </li> </ul> <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p><p style="text-align:justify"> </p><p style="text-align:justify">A Rapid Survey on Swachhta Status was conducted by the NSSO during May-June 2015 alongside its regular 72nd Round (July 2014-June 2015) survey covering 3,788 villages and 2,907 urban blocks. The number of households surveyed was 73,176 in rural India and 41,538 in urban India.<br /><br />The survey aims to give a snapshot of the situation on the availability/ accessibility of toilets, solid waste and liquid waste management at sample village/ ward and household levels aggregated at state and country-levels.<br /><br />As per the report entitled <a name="swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a>, which has been prepared by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachhta_%20Status_Report2016.pdf" title="Swachhta Status Report 2016" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachhta_%20Status_Report2016.pdf" title="Swachhta Status Report 2016">click here</a> to access):<br /><br />• Out of the 3788 villages surveyed, 13.1 percent villages in India were found to have community toilets. Out of the sample villages, at the national level, 1.7 percent villages were found to be having the community toilets but not using them. 82.1 percent of all the community toilets available in the villages were being used for defecation or washing purpose.<br /><br />• From the 2,907 sample urban frame survey (UFS) blocks surveyed at all-India level, 42.0 percent wards were found to have community/ public toilets. At all India-level, 1.6 percent wards were found to be having the community /public toilets but not using them.<br /><br />• In 54.9 percent of the villages having community toilets, cleaning was being done by the persons employed by the panchayat or on contract payment. In 17.0 percent villages, it was being done by the residents themselves. However, 22.6 percent villages were such where the community toilets were not being cleaned.<br /><br />• In urban areas, cleaning of community/ public toilets was being done by the persons employed by the local municipal body in 73.1 percent wards having these toilets. 12.2 percent wards were such where the cleaning was being done by the persons employed by the residents’ welfare association. However, community/ public toilets in 8.6 percent wards were not being cleaned by anybody.<br /><br />• About 36.8 percent wards in urban areas reported to have a proper liquid waste disposal system for community/ public toilets.<br /><br />• Nearly 36.7 percent villages had pakki nali and 19.0 percent villages had katchi nali as drainage arrangement for waste water coming out of the rural households. 44.4 percent villages had no drainage arrangement.<br /><br />• Almost 56.4 percent wards reported to have sewer network for disposal of liquid waste.<br /><br />• 78.1 percent wards reported to have a system of street cleaning.<br /><br />• 64.2 percent wards were found to have a dumping place for solid waste. These solid waste dumping places were cleaned every day in case of 48.2 percent wards, on a weekly basis in case of 37.7 percent wards and on a monthly basis in case of 9.3 percent wards. However, 4.9 percent wards were such where the solid waste dumping place was not cleaned.<br /><br />• In rural areas, 50.5 percent of the households kept the garbage at a specified place outside their own house, 24.4 percent households disposed of the garbage in the nearby agriculture field, 5.5 percent households kept it at the common place outside the house, 4.4 percent households disposed of the garbage in the biogas plant or manure pit whereas 15.1 percent households threw it around the house.<br /><br />• In rural areas, 45.3 percent households reported to have sanitary toilets.<br /><br />• In urban areas, 88.8 percent households reported to have sanitary toilets.<br /><br />• In rural India for the households having sanitary toilet, percentage of persons using household/ community toilet was 95.6 percent.<br /><br />• In urban India for the households having sanitary toilet, the percentage of persons using household/ community/ public toilet was 98.7 percent.<br /><br />• In rural India, 42.5 percent households were found to have access to water for use in toilet.<br /><br />• In urban India, 87.9 percent households were found to have access to water for use in toilets.<br /><br />• In rural areas, the percentage of persons going for open defecation was estimated to be 52.1 percent.<br /><br />• In urban India, the percentage of persons going for open defecation was estimated to be 7.5 percent.<br /><br />• In rural areas, 55.4 percent households contributed to open defecation. This percentage in urban areas was 8.9 percent.</p><p style="text-align:justify"> </p><p style="text-align:justify"> <br> <div align="center" class="pagination"> <span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4" class="articlepagination">« previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4" class="articlepagination">4</a></span><span class="current">5</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10" class="articlepagination">10</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11" class="articlepagination">11</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">12</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">next »</a></span> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="comment-respond" id="respond"> <a name="commentbox"> </a> <h3 class="comment-reply-title" id="reply-title">Write Comments</h3> <form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" role="form" action="/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5"><div style="display:none;"><input type="hidden" name="_method" value="POST"/></div> <form class="comment-form" id="commentform" method="post" action="#commentbox" onSubmit="return validate()" name="cmtform"> <input type="hidden" name="cmttype" value="articlecmt"/> <input type="hidden" name="article_id" value="25"/> <p class="comment-notes">Your email address will not be published. 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href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55/print" rel="nofollow"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/> </a> </section> <div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 10px;"> <div class="innerLineHeight"> <div class="middleContent innerInput environment"> <table> <tr> <td> <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;"> <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;"> <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <div class="starlist"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2> <ul class="whatsinside"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3#cag39s-report-no-15-of-2018-performance-audit-of-national-rural-drinking-water-programme-published-on-7th-august-2018">CAG's Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4#51st-report-of-standing-committee-on-rural-development-related-to-the-status-of-swachh-bharat-mission-gramin-in-various-states-published-in-july-2018">51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5#swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6#economic-survey-2015-16">Economic Survey 2015-16</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7#progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation-joint-monitoring-programme-update-2014">Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#key-indicators-of-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-july-2012-to-december-2012">Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#whounicef-joint-monitoring-report-2012-progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation">WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#off-track-off-target-why-investment-in-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-is-not-reaching-those-who-need-it-most-2011">Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011)</a> </li> </ul> <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div> <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#providing-safe-water-evidence-from-randomized-evaluations">Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#housing-condition-and-amenities-in-india-2008-09-released-in-2010">Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#progress-on-sanitation-and-drinking-water-2010-update-who-and-unicef">Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#combating-waterborne-disease-at-the-household-level-2007">Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a> </li> </ul> <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p><p style="text-align:justify"> </p><p style="text-align:justify">A Rapid Survey on Swachhta Status was conducted by the NSSO during May-June 2015 alongside its regular 72nd Round (July 2014-June 2015) survey covering 3,788 villages and 2,907 urban blocks. The number of households surveyed was 73,176 in rural India and 41,538 in urban India.<br /><br />The survey aims to give a snapshot of the situation on the availability/ accessibility of toilets, solid waste and liquid waste management at sample village/ ward and household levels aggregated at state and country-levels.<br /><br />As per the report entitled <a name="swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a>, which has been prepared by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachhta_%20Status_Report2016.pdf" title="Swachhta Status Report 2016" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachhta_%20Status_Report2016.pdf" title="Swachhta Status Report 2016">click here</a> to access):<br /><br />• Out of the 3788 villages surveyed, 13.1 percent villages in India were found to have community toilets. Out of the sample villages, at the national level, 1.7 percent villages were found to be having the community toilets but not using them. 82.1 percent of all the community toilets available in the villages were being used for defecation or washing purpose.<br /><br />• From the 2,907 sample urban frame survey (UFS) blocks surveyed at all-India level, 42.0 percent wards were found to have community/ public toilets. At all India-level, 1.6 percent wards were found to be having the community /public toilets but not using them.<br /><br />• In 54.9 percent of the villages having community toilets, cleaning was being done by the persons employed by the panchayat or on contract payment. In 17.0 percent villages, it was being done by the residents themselves. However, 22.6 percent villages were such where the community toilets were not being cleaned.<br /><br />• In urban areas, cleaning of community/ public toilets was being done by the persons employed by the local municipal body in 73.1 percent wards having these toilets. 12.2 percent wards were such where the cleaning was being done by the persons employed by the residents’ welfare association. However, community/ public toilets in 8.6 percent wards were not being cleaned by anybody.<br /><br />• About 36.8 percent wards in urban areas reported to have a proper liquid waste disposal system for community/ public toilets.<br /><br />• Nearly 36.7 percent villages had pakki nali and 19.0 percent villages had katchi nali as drainage arrangement for waste water coming out of the rural households. 44.4 percent villages had no drainage arrangement.<br /><br />• Almost 56.4 percent wards reported to have sewer network for disposal of liquid waste.<br /><br />• 78.1 percent wards reported to have a system of street cleaning.<br /><br />• 64.2 percent wards were found to have a dumping place for solid waste. These solid waste dumping places were cleaned every day in case of 48.2 percent wards, on a weekly basis in case of 37.7 percent wards and on a monthly basis in case of 9.3 percent wards. However, 4.9 percent wards were such where the solid waste dumping place was not cleaned.<br /><br />• In rural areas, 50.5 percent of the households kept the garbage at a specified place outside their own house, 24.4 percent households disposed of the garbage in the nearby agriculture field, 5.5 percent households kept it at the common place outside the house, 4.4 percent households disposed of the garbage in the biogas plant or manure pit whereas 15.1 percent households threw it around the house.<br /><br />• In rural areas, 45.3 percent households reported to have sanitary toilets.<br /><br />• In urban areas, 88.8 percent households reported to have sanitary toilets.<br /><br />• In rural India for the households having sanitary toilet, percentage of persons using household/ community toilet was 95.6 percent.<br /><br />• In urban India for the households having sanitary toilet, the percentage of persons using household/ community/ public toilet was 98.7 percent.<br /><br />• In rural India, 42.5 percent households were found to have access to water for use in toilet.<br /><br />• In urban India, 87.9 percent households were found to have access to water for use in toilets.<br /><br />• In rural areas, the percentage of persons going for open defecation was estimated to be 52.1 percent.<br /><br />• In urban India, the percentage of persons going for open defecation was estimated to be 7.5 percent.<br /><br />• In rural areas, 55.4 percent households contributed to open defecation. 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href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55/print" rel="nofollow"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/icon-print.png?1582080630" border="0" width="24" align="right" alt="Share this article"/> </a> </section> <div class="clear"></div> <div style="padding-top: 10px;"> <div class="innerLineHeight"> <div class="middleContent innerInput environment"> <table> <tr> <td> <div class="rightSideContent" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 10px;"> <div class="box warning" style="padding: 12px;"> <div class="box-inner-block" style="padding-left: 0px;"> <div class="starlist"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2> <ul class="whatsinside"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#report-no-9-of-2021-performance-audit-of-ground-water-management-and-regulation-for-the-period-2013-18-laid-on-the-floor-of-the-parliament-on-21-december-2021">Report no 9 of 2021: Performance Audit of Ground Water Management and Regulation for the period 2013-18 (laid on the floor of the Parliament on 21 December, 2021)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2#nss-report-no-584-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-nss-76th-round-july-2018-to-december-2018-released-on-23rd-november-2019">NSS Report No. 584: Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India, NSS 76th Round, July 2018 to December 2018 (released on 23rd November 2019)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3#cag39s-report-no-15-of-2018-performance-audit-of-national-rural-drinking-water-programme-published-on-7th-august-2018">CAG's Report No.15 of 2018 - Performance Audit of National Rural Drinking Water Programme (published on 7th August, 2018)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4#51st-report-of-standing-committee-on-rural-development-related-to-the-status-of-swachh-bharat-mission-gramin-in-various-states-published-in-july-2018">51st Report of Standing Committee on Rural Development related to the status of Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in various states (published in July, 2018)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5#swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6#economic-survey-2015-16">Economic Survey 2015-16</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7#progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation-joint-monitoring-programme-update-2014">Progress on drinking water and sanitation, Joint Monitoring Programme update 2014</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#key-indicators-of-drinking-water-sanitation-hygiene-and-housing-condition-in-india-july-2012-to-december-2012">Key Indicators of Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India (July 2012 to December 2012)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8#whounicef-joint-monitoring-report-2012-progress-on-drinking-water-and-sanitation">WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring report 2012: Progress on drinking water and sanitation</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#off-track-off-target-why-investment-in-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-is-not-reaching-those-who-need-it-most-2011">Off-track, off-target-Why investment in water, sanitation and hygiene is not reaching those who need it most (2011)</a> </li> </ul> <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div> <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none"> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9#providing-safe-water-evidence-from-randomized-evaluations">Providing Safe Water: Evidence from Randomized Evaluations</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#housing-condition-and-amenities-in-india-2008-09-released-in-2010">Housing Condition and Amenities in India, 2008-09 (released in 2010)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10#progress-on-sanitation-and-drinking-water-2010-update-who-and-unicef">Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 Update (WHO and UNICEF)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#combating-waterborne-disease-at-the-household-level-2007">Combating Waterborne Disease at the Household Level (2007)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11#11th-five-year-plan">11th Five Year Plan</a> </li> </ul> <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </p><p style="text-align:justify"> </p><p style="text-align:justify">A Rapid Survey on Swachhta Status was conducted by the NSSO during May-June 2015 alongside its regular 72nd Round (July 2014-June 2015) survey covering 3,788 villages and 2,907 urban blocks. The number of households surveyed was 73,176 in rural India and 41,538 in urban India.<br /><br />The survey aims to give a snapshot of the situation on the availability/ accessibility of toilets, solid waste and liquid waste management at sample village/ ward and household levels aggregated at state and country-levels.<br /><br />As per the report entitled <a name="swachhta-status-report-2016">Swachhta Status Report 2016</a>, which has been prepared by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachhta_%20Status_Report2016.pdf" title="Swachhta Status Report 2016" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Swachhta_%20Status_Report2016.pdf" title="Swachhta Status Report 2016">click here</a> to access):<br /><br />• Out of the 3788 villages surveyed, 13.1 percent villages in India were found to have community toilets. Out of the sample villages, at the national level, 1.7 percent villages were found to be having the community toilets but not using them. 82.1 percent of all the community toilets available in the villages were being used for defecation or washing purpose.<br /><br />• From the 2,907 sample urban frame survey (UFS) blocks surveyed at all-India level, 42.0 percent wards were found to have community/ public toilets. At all India-level, 1.6 percent wards were found to be having the community /public toilets but not using them.<br /><br />• In 54.9 percent of the villages having community toilets, cleaning was being done by the persons employed by the panchayat or on contract payment. In 17.0 percent villages, it was being done by the residents themselves. However, 22.6 percent villages were such where the community toilets were not being cleaned.<br /><br />• In urban areas, cleaning of community/ public toilets was being done by the persons employed by the local municipal body in 73.1 percent wards having these toilets. 12.2 percent wards were such where the cleaning was being done by the persons employed by the residents’ welfare association. However, community/ public toilets in 8.6 percent wards were not being cleaned by anybody.<br /><br />• About 36.8 percent wards in urban areas reported to have a proper liquid waste disposal system for community/ public toilets.<br /><br />• Nearly 36.7 percent villages had pakki nali and 19.0 percent villages had katchi nali as drainage arrangement for waste water coming out of the rural households. 44.4 percent villages had no drainage arrangement.<br /><br />• Almost 56.4 percent wards reported to have sewer network for disposal of liquid waste.<br /><br />• 78.1 percent wards reported to have a system of street cleaning.<br /><br />• 64.2 percent wards were found to have a dumping place for solid waste. These solid waste dumping places were cleaned every day in case of 48.2 percent wards, on a weekly basis in case of 37.7 percent wards and on a monthly basis in case of 9.3 percent wards. However, 4.9 percent wards were such where the solid waste dumping place was not cleaned.<br /><br />• In rural areas, 50.5 percent of the households kept the garbage at a specified place outside their own house, 24.4 percent households disposed of the garbage in the nearby agriculture field, 5.5 percent households kept it at the common place outside the house, 4.4 percent households disposed of the garbage in the biogas plant or manure pit whereas 15.1 percent households threw it around the house.<br /><br />• In rural areas, 45.3 percent households reported to have sanitary toilets.<br /><br />• In urban areas, 88.8 percent households reported to have sanitary toilets.<br /><br />• In rural India for the households having sanitary toilet, percentage of persons using household/ community toilet was 95.6 percent.<br /><br />• In urban India for the households having sanitary toilet, the percentage of persons using household/ community/ public toilet was 98.7 percent.<br /><br />• In rural India, 42.5 percent households were found to have access to water for use in toilet.<br /><br />• In urban India, 87.9 percent households were found to have access to water for use in toilets.<br /><br />• In rural areas, the percentage of persons going for open defecation was estimated to be 52.1 percent.<br /><br />• In urban India, the percentage of persons going for open defecation was estimated to be 7.5 percent.<br /><br />• In rural areas, 55.4 percent households contributed to open defecation. This percentage in urban areas was 8.9 percent.</p><p style="text-align:justify"> </p><p style="text-align:justify"> <br> <div align="center" class="pagination"> <span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4" class="articlepagination">« previous</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=1" class="articlepagination">1</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=2" class="articlepagination">2</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=3" class="articlepagination">3</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=4" class="articlepagination">4</a></span><span class="current">5</span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">6</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=7" class="articlepagination">7</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=8" class="articlepagination">8</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=9" class="articlepagination">9</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=10" class="articlepagination">10</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=11" class="articlepagination">11</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=12" class="articlepagination">12</a></span><span><a href="https://im4change.in/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=6" class="articlepagination">next »</a></span> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="comment-respond" id="respond"> <a name="commentbox"> </a> <h3 class="comment-reply-title" id="reply-title">Write Comments</h3> <form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" role="form" action="/environment/water-and-sanitation-55.html?pgno=5"><div style="display:none;"><input type="hidden" name="_method" value="POST"/></div> <form class="comment-form" id="commentform" method="post" action="#commentbox" onSubmit="return validate()" name="cmtform"> <input type="hidden" name="cmttype" value="articlecmt"/> <input type="hidden" name="article_id" value="25"/> <p class="comment-notes">Your email address will not be published. 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What's Inside
A Rapid Survey on Swachhta Status was conducted by the NSSO during May-June 2015 alongside its regular 72nd Round (July 2014-June 2015) survey covering 3,788 villages and 2,907 urban blocks. The number of households surveyed was 73,176 in rural India and 41,538 in urban India.
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