Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 150
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 150
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 151
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::index() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 151
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 97
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

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<!--[if lt IE 7 ]>
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        Environment | Time Bomb Ticking    </title>
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&bull; Extreme&nbsp;temperature&nbsp;shocks&nbsp;reduce&nbsp;farmer incomes&nbsp;by 4.3 percent and 4.1 percent during kharif and rabi respectively, whereas extreme rainfall shocks reduce incomes by 13.7 percent and 5.5 percent *&amp;&nbsp;

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&bull; It is estimated that to cover 50 percent (5 million ha) of the..."/>
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&bull; Extreme&nbsp;temperature&nbsp;shocks&nbsp;reduce&nbsp;farmer incomes&nbsp;by 4.3 percent and 4.1 percent during kharif and rabi respectively, whereas extreme rainfall shocks reduce incomes by 13.7 percent and 5.5 percent *&amp;&nbsp;

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&bull; It is estimated that to cover 50 percent (5 million ha) of the..." />
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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=2#counting-the-cost-2022-a-year-of-climate-breakdown-published-in-december-2022">Counting The Cost 2022: A year of climate breakdown, published in December 2022</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=2#global-ev-outlook-2022-securing-supplies-for-an-electric-future">Global EV Outlook 2022: Securing supplies for an electric future</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=3#wmo-state-of-the-global-climate-in-2021-report-released-in-may-2022">WMO State of the Global Climate in 2021 report (released in May, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=3#drought-in-numbers-2022-restoration-for-readiness-and-resilience-released-in-may-2022">Drought in Numbers 2022: Restoration for Readiness and Resilience (released in May, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#climate-change-2022-mitigation-of-climate-change-released-on-april-4-2022">Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change (released on April 4, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#climate-change-2022-impacts-adaptation-and-vulnerability-released-on-february-28-2022">Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (released on February 28, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis-released-on-august-9-2021">Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis (released on August 9, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#25-87-million-hectares-released-in-february-2022">25.87 Million Hectares (released in February, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#india-state-of-forest-report-2021-released-in-january-2022">India State of Forest Report 2021 (released in January 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=5#press-release-by-intergovernmental-panel-on-climatenbspchange-ipcc-dated-9th-august-2021">Press release by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate&nbsp;Change (IPCC) dated 9th August, 2021</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=5#climate-nbspchange-nbsp2021-the-physical-science-basis">Climate &nbsp;Change &nbsp;2021: The Physical Science Basis</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=5#press-release-by-centre-for-science-and-environment-dated-9th-august-2021">Press release by Centre for Science and Environment dated 9th August, 2021</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=6#the-costs-of-climate-change-in-india-a-review-of-the-climate-related-risks-facing-india-and-their-economic-and-social-costs-released-in-june-2021">The costs of climate change in India: A review of the climate-related risks facing India, and their economic and social costs (released in June 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=7#india39s-third-biennial-update-report-to-the-united-nations-framework-convention-on-climate-change-released-in-february-2021">India&#39;s Third Biennial Update Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (released in February 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=8#state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-released-on-30th-november-2020">State of Rural and Agrarian India Report 2020 (released on 30th November, 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=8#annual-report-2019-20-of-the-reserve-bank-of-india-released-in-august-2020">Annual Report 2019-20 of the Reserve Bank of India (released in August, 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=9#assessment-of-climate-change-over-the-indian-region-released-in-june-2020">Assessment of climate change over the Indian region (released in June 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=10#economic-survey-2017-18-volume-1-released-in-january-2018">Economic Survey 2017-18, Volume-1 (released in January, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=11#innovative-viable-solution-to-rice-residue-burning-in-rice-wheat-cropping-system-through-concurrent-use-of-super-straw-management-system-fitted-combines-and-turbo-happy-seeder-october-2017">Innovative Viable Solution to Rice Residue Burning in Rice-Wheat Cropping System through Concurrent Use of Super Straw Management System-fitted Combines and Turbo Happy Seeder (October, 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=12#statistics-related-to-climate-change-india-2015-prepared-by-the-ministry-of-statistics-and-programme-implementation">Statistics Related to Climate Change-India 2015, prepared by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=13#saarc-india-country-report-2015-statistical-appraisal">SAARC-India Country Report 2015: Statistical Appraisal</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=14#4-degree-turn-down-the-heat-climate-extremes-regional-impacts-and-the-case-for-resilience-2013-the-world-bank">4-degree Turn down the Heat: Climate Extremes, Regional Impacts, and the Case for Resilience (2013), The World Bank</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=15#gajah-securing-the-future-for-elephants-in-india">Gajah: Securing the Future for Elephants in India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=16#compendium-of-environment-statistics-india-2008-2009">Compendium of Environment Statistics India 2008-2009</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=16#report-of-the-committee-to-evolve-road-map-on-management-of-wastes-in-india">Report of the Committee to Evolve Road Map on Management of Wastes in India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=16#the-state-of-world-population-2009-unfpa">The State of World Population 2009 (UNFPA)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=17#state-of-environment-report-india-2009">State of Environment Report India 2009</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=18#climate-change-indiarsquos-perceptions-positions-policies-and-possibilities">Climate Change: India&rsquo;s Perceptions, Positions, Policies and Possibilities</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=18#climate-change-sustainable-development-and-india-global-and-national-concerns">Climate change, sustainable development and India: Global and national concerns</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
                                                                                    </div>
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                            </p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-reveals-the-vulnerabilities-faced-by-indian-agriculture.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-reveals-the-vulnerabilities-faced-by-indian-agriculture.html">here</a>, <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/State-of-Rural-and-Agrarian-India-Report-2020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/State-of-Rural-and-Agrarian-India-Report-2020.pdf">here</a> and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwcHmVW7WZ0&amp;feature=emb_logo" title="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwcHmVW7WZ0&amp;feature=emb_logo">here</a> to find the main findings of the <a name="state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-released-on-30th-november-2020">State of Rural and Agrarian India Report 2020 (released on 30th November, 2020)</a>, which has been produced by Network of Rural and Agrarian Studies (NRAS).</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The <a name="annual-report-2019-20-of-the-reserve-bank-of-india-released-in-august-2020">Annual Report 2019-20 of the Reserve Bank of India (released in August, 2020)</a> (please <a href="/upload/files/Reserve-Bank-of-India-Annual-Report-2019-20.pdf" title="/upload/files/Reserve-Bank-of-India-Annual-Report-2019-20.pdf">click here</a> to access the report) has made some observations about extreme weather events and the environment. They are as follows:</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Consistent with models of climate change, the number of dry days as well as days with extremely high levels of rainfall have increased in India - more intense droughts; downward shifts in average rainfall by 59 mm since 2000; higher frequency of cyclones - India was hit by 8 cyclones in 2019 which is the highest since 1976; high variation in the number of subdivisions receiving excess/ normal and deficient/ scanty monsoon rains; and an increase in the extent of crop area damaged due to unseasonal rains and heavy floods. Please <a href="/upload/files/charts%201.jpg" title="/upload/files/charts%201.jpg">click here</a> to see the relevant charts.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Global warming has also led to a sharp rise in the annual average temperature in India by 1.8&deg;C between 1997 and 2019 as compared to a 0.5&deg;C increase between 1901 and 2000. This has likely caused a decline in crop yields, undermining farm income. Please <a href="/upload/files/charts%202.jpg" title="/upload/files/charts%202.jpg">click here</a> to consult the relevant charts.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Water tables have depleted at an alarming rate, with around 52 percent of the wells in India recording decline in water levels between the years 2008 and 2018. This imparts urgency to move from flood irrigation to micro irrigation methods like drip or hose reel, which can save up to 60 percent of the water used and also help in preventing pest incidence. At present, the coverage of micro irrigation is much lower in states which have recorded higher declines in water tables. Alongside, there is a need to adopt crop cycles, credit cycles and procurement patterns to monsoonal shifts. Please <a href="/upload/files/charts%203.jpg" title="/upload/files/charts%203.jpg">click here</a> to consult the relevant charts.</p><p style="text-align:justify">                                                                    <br>
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&bull; Extreme&nbsp;temperature&nbsp;shocks&nbsp;reduce&nbsp;farmer incomes&nbsp;by 4.3 percent and 4.1 percent during kharif and rabi respectively, whereas extreme rainfall shocks reduce incomes by 13.7 percent and 5.5 percent *&amp;&nbsp;

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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=2#counting-the-cost-2022-a-year-of-climate-breakdown-published-in-december-2022">Counting The Cost 2022: A year of climate breakdown, published in December 2022</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=2#global-ev-outlook-2022-securing-supplies-for-an-electric-future">Global EV Outlook 2022: Securing supplies for an electric future</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=3#wmo-state-of-the-global-climate-in-2021-report-released-in-may-2022">WMO State of the Global Climate in 2021 report (released in May, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=3#drought-in-numbers-2022-restoration-for-readiness-and-resilience-released-in-may-2022">Drought in Numbers 2022: Restoration for Readiness and Resilience (released in May, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#climate-change-2022-mitigation-of-climate-change-released-on-april-4-2022">Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change (released on April 4, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#climate-change-2022-impacts-adaptation-and-vulnerability-released-on-february-28-2022">Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (released on February 28, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis-released-on-august-9-2021">Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis (released on August 9, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#25-87-million-hectares-released-in-february-2022">25.87 Million Hectares (released in February, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#india-state-of-forest-report-2021-released-in-january-2022">India State of Forest Report 2021 (released in January 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=5#press-release-by-intergovernmental-panel-on-climatenbspchange-ipcc-dated-9th-august-2021">Press release by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate&nbsp;Change (IPCC) dated 9th August, 2021</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=5#climate-nbspchange-nbsp2021-the-physical-science-basis">Climate &nbsp;Change &nbsp;2021: The Physical Science Basis</a>
                                                    </li>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=5#press-release-by-centre-for-science-and-environment-dated-9th-august-2021">Press release by Centre for Science and Environment dated 9th August, 2021</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=6#the-costs-of-climate-change-in-india-a-review-of-the-climate-related-risks-facing-india-and-their-economic-and-social-costs-released-in-june-2021">The costs of climate change in India: A review of the climate-related risks facing India, and their economic and social costs (released in June 2021)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=7#india39s-third-biennial-update-report-to-the-united-nations-framework-convention-on-climate-change-released-in-february-2021">India&#39;s Third Biennial Update Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (released in February 2021)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=8#state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-released-on-30th-november-2020">State of Rural and Agrarian India Report 2020 (released on 30th November, 2020)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=8#annual-report-2019-20-of-the-reserve-bank-of-india-released-in-august-2020">Annual Report 2019-20 of the Reserve Bank of India (released in August, 2020)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=9#assessment-of-climate-change-over-the-indian-region-released-in-june-2020">Assessment of climate change over the Indian region (released in June 2020)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=10#economic-survey-2017-18-volume-1-released-in-january-2018">Economic Survey 2017-18, Volume-1 (released in January, 2018)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=11#innovative-viable-solution-to-rice-residue-burning-in-rice-wheat-cropping-system-through-concurrent-use-of-super-straw-management-system-fitted-combines-and-turbo-happy-seeder-october-2017">Innovative Viable Solution to Rice Residue Burning in Rice-Wheat Cropping System through Concurrent Use of Super Straw Management System-fitted Combines and Turbo Happy Seeder (October, 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=12#statistics-related-to-climate-change-india-2015-prepared-by-the-ministry-of-statistics-and-programme-implementation">Statistics Related to Climate Change-India 2015, prepared by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=13#saarc-india-country-report-2015-statistical-appraisal">SAARC-India Country Report 2015: Statistical Appraisal</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=14#4-degree-turn-down-the-heat-climate-extremes-regional-impacts-and-the-case-for-resilience-2013-the-world-bank">4-degree Turn down the Heat: Climate Extremes, Regional Impacts, and the Case for Resilience (2013), The World Bank</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=15#gajah-securing-the-future-for-elephants-in-india">Gajah: Securing the Future for Elephants in India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=16#compendium-of-environment-statistics-india-2008-2009">Compendium of Environment Statistics India 2008-2009</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=16#report-of-the-committee-to-evolve-road-map-on-management-of-wastes-in-india">Report of the Committee to Evolve Road Map on Management of Wastes in India</a>
                                                    </li>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=16#the-state-of-world-population-2009-unfpa">The State of World Population 2009 (UNFPA)</a>
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                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=17#state-of-environment-report-india-2009">State of Environment Report India 2009</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=18#climate-change-indiarsquos-perceptions-positions-policies-and-possibilities">Climate Change: India&rsquo;s Perceptions, Positions, Policies and Possibilities</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=18#climate-change-sustainable-development-and-india-global-and-national-concerns">Climate change, sustainable development and India: Global and national concerns</a>
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                                                                                                </ul>
                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
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                            </p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-reveals-the-vulnerabilities-faced-by-indian-agriculture.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-reveals-the-vulnerabilities-faced-by-indian-agriculture.html">here</a>, <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/State-of-Rural-and-Agrarian-India-Report-2020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/State-of-Rural-and-Agrarian-India-Report-2020.pdf">here</a> and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwcHmVW7WZ0&amp;feature=emb_logo" title="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwcHmVW7WZ0&amp;feature=emb_logo">here</a> to find the main findings of the <a name="state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-released-on-30th-november-2020">State of Rural and Agrarian India Report 2020 (released on 30th November, 2020)</a>, which has been produced by Network of Rural and Agrarian Studies (NRAS).</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The <a name="annual-report-2019-20-of-the-reserve-bank-of-india-released-in-august-2020">Annual Report 2019-20 of the Reserve Bank of India (released in August, 2020)</a> (please <a href="/upload/files/Reserve-Bank-of-India-Annual-Report-2019-20.pdf" title="/upload/files/Reserve-Bank-of-India-Annual-Report-2019-20.pdf">click here</a> to access the report) has made some observations about extreme weather events and the environment. They are as follows:</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Consistent with models of climate change, the number of dry days as well as days with extremely high levels of rainfall have increased in India - more intense droughts; downward shifts in average rainfall by 59 mm since 2000; higher frequency of cyclones - India was hit by 8 cyclones in 2019 which is the highest since 1976; high variation in the number of subdivisions receiving excess/ normal and deficient/ scanty monsoon rains; and an increase in the extent of crop area damaged due to unseasonal rains and heavy floods. Please <a href="/upload/files/charts%201.jpg" title="/upload/files/charts%201.jpg">click here</a> to see the relevant charts.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Global warming has also led to a sharp rise in the annual average temperature in India by 1.8&deg;C between 1997 and 2019 as compared to a 0.5&deg;C increase between 1901 and 2000. This has likely caused a decline in crop yields, undermining farm income. Please <a href="/upload/files/charts%202.jpg" title="/upload/files/charts%202.jpg">click here</a> to consult the relevant charts.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Water tables have depleted at an alarming rate, with around 52 percent of the wells in India recording decline in water levels between the years 2008 and 2018. This imparts urgency to move from flood irrigation to micro irrigation methods like drip or hose reel, which can save up to 60 percent of the water used and also help in preventing pest incidence. At present, the coverage of micro irrigation is much lower in states which have recorded higher declines in water tables. Alongside, there is a need to adopt crop cycles, credit cycles and procurement patterns to monsoonal shifts. Please <a href="/upload/files/charts%203.jpg" title="/upload/files/charts%203.jpg">click here</a> to consult the relevant charts.</p><p style="text-align:justify">                                                                    <br>
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&bull; Extreme&nbsp;temperature&nbsp;shocks&nbsp;reduce&nbsp;farmer incomes&nbsp;by 4.3 percent and 4.1 percent during kharif and rabi respectively, whereas extreme rainfall shocks reduce incomes by 13.7 percent and 5.5 percent *&amp;&nbsp;

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                                            <h2 style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px;">What's Inside</h2>
                                            <ul class="whatsinside">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=2#counting-the-cost-2022-a-year-of-climate-breakdown-published-in-december-2022">Counting The Cost 2022: A year of climate breakdown, published in December 2022</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=2#global-ev-outlook-2022-securing-supplies-for-an-electric-future">Global EV Outlook 2022: Securing supplies for an electric future</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=3#wmo-state-of-the-global-climate-in-2021-report-released-in-may-2022">WMO State of the Global Climate in 2021 report (released in May, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=3#drought-in-numbers-2022-restoration-for-readiness-and-resilience-released-in-may-2022">Drought in Numbers 2022: Restoration for Readiness and Resilience (released in May, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#climate-change-2022-mitigation-of-climate-change-released-on-april-4-2022">Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change (released on April 4, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#climate-change-2022-impacts-adaptation-and-vulnerability-released-on-february-28-2022">Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (released on February 28, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis-released-on-august-9-2021">Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis (released on August 9, 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#25-87-million-hectares-released-in-february-2022">25.87 Million Hectares (released in February, 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=4#india-state-of-forest-report-2021-released-in-january-2022">India State of Forest Report 2021 (released in January 2022)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=5#press-release-by-intergovernmental-panel-on-climatenbspchange-ipcc-dated-9th-august-2021">Press release by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate&nbsp;Change (IPCC) dated 9th August, 2021</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                </ul>
                                                                                            <div><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="morewhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').show();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').hide();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').show();">More</a></div>
                                                                                            <ul class="whatsinside" id="morewhatsinside" style="display:none">
                                                                                                    <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=5#climate-nbspchange-nbsp2021-the-physical-science-basis">Climate &nbsp;Change &nbsp;2021: The Physical Science Basis</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=5#press-release-by-centre-for-science-and-environment-dated-9th-august-2021">Press release by Centre for Science and Environment dated 9th August, 2021</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=6#the-costs-of-climate-change-in-india-a-review-of-the-climate-related-risks-facing-india-and-their-economic-and-social-costs-released-in-june-2021">The costs of climate change in India: A review of the climate-related risks facing India, and their economic and social costs (released in June 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=7#india39s-third-biennial-update-report-to-the-united-nations-framework-convention-on-climate-change-released-in-february-2021">India&#39;s Third Biennial Update Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (released in February 2021)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=8#state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-released-on-30th-november-2020">State of Rural and Agrarian India Report 2020 (released on 30th November, 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=8#annual-report-2019-20-of-the-reserve-bank-of-india-released-in-august-2020">Annual Report 2019-20 of the Reserve Bank of India (released in August, 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=9#assessment-of-climate-change-over-the-indian-region-released-in-june-2020">Assessment of climate change over the Indian region (released in June 2020)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=10#economic-survey-2017-18-volume-1-released-in-january-2018">Economic Survey 2017-18, Volume-1 (released in January, 2018)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=11#innovative-viable-solution-to-rice-residue-burning-in-rice-wheat-cropping-system-through-concurrent-use-of-super-straw-management-system-fitted-combines-and-turbo-happy-seeder-october-2017">Innovative Viable Solution to Rice Residue Burning in Rice-Wheat Cropping System through Concurrent Use of Super Straw Management System-fitted Combines and Turbo Happy Seeder (October, 2017)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=12#statistics-related-to-climate-change-india-2015-prepared-by-the-ministry-of-statistics-and-programme-implementation">Statistics Related to Climate Change-India 2015, prepared by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=13#saarc-india-country-report-2015-statistical-appraisal">SAARC-India Country Report 2015: Statistical Appraisal</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=14#4-degree-turn-down-the-heat-climate-extremes-regional-impacts-and-the-case-for-resilience-2013-the-world-bank">4-degree Turn down the Heat: Climate Extremes, Regional Impacts, and the Case for Resilience (2013), The World Bank</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=15#gajah-securing-the-future-for-elephants-in-india">Gajah: Securing the Future for Elephants in India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=16#compendium-of-environment-statistics-india-2008-2009">Compendium of Environment Statistics India 2008-2009</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=16#report-of-the-committee-to-evolve-road-map-on-management-of-wastes-in-india">Report of the Committee to Evolve Road Map on Management of Wastes in India</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=16#the-state-of-world-population-2009-unfpa">The State of World Population 2009 (UNFPA)</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
                                                        <a href="https://im4change.in/environment/time-bomb-ticking-52.html?pgno=17#state-of-environment-report-india-2009">State of Environment Report India 2009</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                                                                        <li>
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                                            <div><a style="display:none" href="javascript:void(0)" id="lesswhatsinsidelink" onClick="javascript:$('#morewhatsinside').hide();$('#morewhatsinsidelink').show();$('#lesswhatsinsidelink').hide();">Less</a></div>
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                            </p><p style="text-align:justify">Kindly click <a href="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-reveals-the-vulnerabilities-faced-by-indian-agriculture.html" title="https://www.im4change.org/latest-news-updates/state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-reveals-the-vulnerabilities-faced-by-indian-agriculture.html">here</a>, <a href="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/State-of-Rural-and-Agrarian-India-Report-2020.pdf" title="https://www.im4change.org/upload/files/State-of-Rural-and-Agrarian-India-Report-2020.pdf">here</a> and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwcHmVW7WZ0&amp;feature=emb_logo" title="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwcHmVW7WZ0&amp;feature=emb_logo">here</a> to find the main findings of the <a name="state-of-rural-and-agrarian-india-report-2020-released-on-30th-november-2020">State of Rural and Agrarian India Report 2020 (released on 30th November, 2020)</a>, which has been produced by Network of Rural and Agrarian Studies (NRAS).</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>---</strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The <a name="annual-report-2019-20-of-the-reserve-bank-of-india-released-in-august-2020">Annual Report 2019-20 of the Reserve Bank of India (released in August, 2020)</a> (please <a href="/upload/files/Reserve-Bank-of-India-Annual-Report-2019-20.pdf" title="/upload/files/Reserve-Bank-of-India-Annual-Report-2019-20.pdf">click here</a> to access the report) has made some observations about extreme weather events and the environment. They are as follows:</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Consistent with models of climate change, the number of dry days as well as days with extremely high levels of rainfall have increased in India - more intense droughts; downward shifts in average rainfall by 59 mm since 2000; higher frequency of cyclones - India was hit by 8 cyclones in 2019 which is the highest since 1976; high variation in the number of subdivisions receiving excess/ normal and deficient/ scanty monsoon rains; and an increase in the extent of crop area damaged due to unseasonal rains and heavy floods. Please <a href="/upload/files/charts%201.jpg" title="/upload/files/charts%201.jpg">click here</a> to see the relevant charts.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Global warming has also led to a sharp rise in the annual average temperature in India by 1.8&deg;C between 1997 and 2019 as compared to a 0.5&deg;C increase between 1901 and 2000. This has likely caused a decline in crop yields, undermining farm income. Please <a href="/upload/files/charts%202.jpg" title="/upload/files/charts%202.jpg">click here</a> to consult the relevant charts.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&bull; Water tables have depleted at an alarming rate, with around 52 percent of the wells in India recording decline in water levels between the years 2008 and 2018. This imparts urgency to move from flood irrigation to micro irrigation methods like drip or hose reel, which can save up to 60 percent of the water used and also help in preventing pest incidence. At present, the coverage of micro irrigation is much lower in states which have recorded higher declines in water tables. Alongside, there is a need to adopt crop cycles, credit cycles and procurement patterns to monsoonal shifts. Please <a href="/upload/files/charts%203.jpg" title="/upload/files/charts%203.jpg">click here</a> to consult the relevant charts.</p><p style="text-align:justify">                                                                    <br>
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Time Bomb Ticking

What's Inside Counting The Cost 2022: A year of climate breakdown, published in December 2022 Global EV Outlook 2022: Securing supplies for an electric future WMO State of the Global Climate in 2021 report (released in May, 2022) Drought in Numbers 2022: Restoration for Readiness and Resilience (released in May, 2022) Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change (released on April 4, 2022) Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (released on February 28, 2022) Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis (released on August 9, 2021) 25.87 Million Hectares (released in February, 2022) India State of Forest Report 2021 (released in January 2022) Press release by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) dated 9th August, 2021 More Climate  Change  2021: The Physical Science Basis Press release by Centre for Science and Environment dated 9th August, 2021 The costs of climate change in India: A review of the climate-related risks facing India, and their economic and social costs (released in June 2021) India's Third Biennial Update Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (released in February 2021) State of Rural and Agrarian India Report 2020 (released on 30th November, 2020) Annual Report 2019-20 of the Reserve Bank of India (released in August, 2020) Assessment of climate change over the Indian region (released in June 2020) Economic Survey 2017-18, Volume-1 (released in January, 2018) Innovative Viable Solution to Rice Residue Burning in Rice-Wheat Cropping System through Concurrent Use of Super Straw Management System-fitted Combines and Turbo Happy Seeder (October, 2017) Statistics Related to Climate Change-India 2015, prepared by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation SAARC-India Country Report 2015: Statistical Appraisal 4-degree Turn down the Heat: Climate Extremes, Regional Impacts, and the Case for Resilience (2013), The World Bank Gajah: Securing the Future for Elephants in India Compendium of Environment Statistics India 2008-2009 Report of the Committee to Evolve Road Map on Management of Wastes in India The State of World Population 2009 (UNFPA) State of Environment Report India 2009 Climate Change: India’s Perceptions, Positions, Policies and Possibilities Climate change, sustainable development and India: Global and national concerns Less Kindly click here, here and here to find the main findings of the State of Rural and Agrarian India Report 2020 (released on 30th November, 2020), which has been produced by Network of Rural and Agrarian Studies (NRAS). --- The Annual Report 2019-20 of the Reserve Bank of India (released in August, 2020) (please click here to access the report) has made some observations about extreme weather events and the environment. They are as follows: • Consistent with models of climate change, the number of dry days as well as days with extremely high levels of rainfall have increased in India - more intense droughts; downward shifts in average rainfall by 59 mm since 2000; higher frequency of cyclones - India was hit by 8 cyclones in 2019 which is the highest since 1976; high variation in the number of subdivisions receiving excess/ normal and deficient/ scanty monsoon rains; and an increase in the extent of crop area damaged due to unseasonal rains and heavy floods. Please click here to see the relevant charts. • Global warming has also led to a sharp rise in the annual average temperature in India by 1.8°C between 1997 and 2019 as compared to a 0.5°C increase between 1901 and 2000. This has likely caused a decline in crop yields, undermining farm income. Please click here to consult the relevant charts. • Water tables have depleted at an alarming rate, with around 52 percent of the wells in India recording decline in water levels between the years 2008 and 2018. This imparts urgency to move from flood irrigation to micro irrigation methods like drip or hose reel, which can save up to 60 percent of the water used and also help in preventing pest incidence. At present, the coverage of micro irrigation is much lower in states which have recorded higher declines in water tables. Alongside, there is a need to adopt crop cycles, credit cycles and procurement patterns to monsoonal shifts. Please click here to consult the relevant charts. « previous123456789101112131415161718next »

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