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What's Inside

The present report 'Crushed 2022', Safe in India Foundation's (SII) annual report on the state of worker safety in the Indian auto sector, is based on the following data:

• First-hand data from 6+ years of SII’s operations and on 4,000+ injured workers in the auto-sector hubs in Haryana (Gurgaon and Faridabad) and more recently in Maharashtra.

• Data from a time-limited national survey of a few auto-sector hubs in Karnataka, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, and Uttarakhand.

• Both of the above exercises covering accidents in the deeper supply chains of 20+ national auto brands.

• Secondary data on worker injuries from the official data sources, such as the Directorate General Factory Advice Service & Labour Institutes (DG FASLI)-published factory accident numbers across India.

The key findings of Safe in India Foundation's report Crushed 2022, 4th edition (released on 13th December 2022) are as follows (please click here to access):

• Thousands of workers continue to lose their hands/ fingers in the auto-sector supply chain nationally

• It’s a national problem and supply chains of all top 10 large auto sector brands contribute to these crush injuries. A national coordinated industry action is needed.

• Top contributors in states covered in this report are: In Haryana (Maruti-Suzuki, Hero, and Honda); in Pune, Maharashtra (TATA and Mahindra); in Chennai, Tamil Nadu (TVS, Ashok Leyland, and TATA); in Karnataka (Toyota, TATA, and Ashok Leyland); In Rudrapur, Uttarakhand (TATA, Bajaj, and Mahindra) and in Neemrana, Rajasthan (Honda, Maruti Suzuki, and Hero).

• Official accident numbers are a fraction of those assisted by only SII every year in Haryana (and potentially in other states); the problem is much worse in reality than officially recorded.

• The severity of injuries in factory accidents in Pune appears to be worse than Haryana.

• A large number of injuries on machines happen to helpers, who, legally, should not even be operating these machines.

• Overworked and not fully paid for overtime.

• Over 80 percent of injured workers from Haryana reported working on machines without safety sensors at the time of accident and power press machines on which they were injured were operating without the required inspection.

• A typical crush injury to fingers results in the loss of two fingers per injured worker; about 60-70 percent injured workers still report loss of body parts, indicating continued dangerous working conditions.

• ESIC (national insurance) woes: 60-70 percent of injured auto sector workers receive their ESIC e-Pehchaan (identity) card only after an accident even though employers collect contribution amounts regularly.

• Most of the injured workers were first taken to private hospitals and only later to ESIC hospitals in both Haryana and Maharashtra-though the latter appears to be better of the two in this.

• Haryana and Maharashtra state’s factory inspections have been near consistently reducing for years; when reported, penalties are not enough to be a deterrent. 

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Top five operational recommendations:

• Boards to take responsibility for worker safety in their deeper supply chain.

• Create a joint industry-level task force with SIAM (with some participation from SII).

• Map the deeper supply chain.

• Improve transparency and accountability of accident reporting in the supply chain, weed out habitual offenders and reward safest factories, commercially.

• Initiate ground-level actions, e.g., honest worker safety audits and worker training.

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Top five policy recommendations:

• Include all contract workers in their own factories in the OSH Policy statement at par with permanent workers.

• Create, publish, and implement a Supplier Code of Conduct (SCoC).

• Create, publish, and implement a standard operating procedure (SOP) for supply chain.

• Report annually on Indicator 8.8 of SDG-8 (the only SDG indicator about worker safety).

• Demand minimum compliance from the supply chains (e.g., all workers should be covered by ESIC from their first workday).

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Operational recommendations to the central and state government:

• Ministry of Corporate Affairs for leading efforts to improve business responsibility reporting and for transparent monitoring systems.

• Niti Ayog for leading efforts to ensure OSH is prioritized in the country, including by leveraging their tech capabilities.

• Ministry of MSME for leading efforts to link worker safety to productivity, professionalism, and quality.

• Ministry of Industry for coordinating with the Ministry of MSME and MOLE on regulatory and worker support mechanisms and worker-related information.

• SEBI for improving ESG reporting and making companies more accountable for quality reporting.

• National Skill Development Council for strengthening focus on worker skills and OSH skills.

Ministry of Labour and Employment and Department of Labour in states: Drive actions to achieve OSH policy objectives and lead on monitoring efforts

• Drive calibrated actions to achieve the objectives of the OSH Policy, 2009.

• Leverage ESIC data to inform factory inspections; conduct safety surveys.

• Create a reliable accident/injury reporting and governance system, and use it for constant continuing improvements.

• Set up a confidential helpline for workers to report unsafe conditions/factory accidents.

• Introduce a practical policy and mechanism for safety training of contract and migrant workers.
 



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